現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)城廂中學(xué)譚娟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Presentperfecttense

構(gòu)成:助動(dòng)詞have/has

+過去分詞1.肯定句

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是“have（has）＋過去分詞”。注意：該句式中的have或has是助動(dòng)詞，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用have。eg.Hehaseatensupper.Theyhaveeatensupper.2.疑問句

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句式是把助動(dòng)詞have或has提到主語之前。

(回答用“Yes，---have/has．／“No，---haven’t/hasn’t．”）3.否定句：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句式是“haven't/hasn't＋過去分詞”。

eg.Hasheeatensupper?Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t.eg.Hehasn’teatensupper.Theyhaven’teatensupper.用法一、表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。常跟already,just,not…yet,never,before,ever,recently，---times等時(shí)間狀語連用。注：already與just用于肯定句，在否定句和疑問句中要變?yōu)閥eteg.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的分類eg.1.Hehadhisbreakfastat6:00

Hehashadhisbreakfast.

只是說他六點(diǎn)的時(shí)候進(jìn)行了吃飯這個(gè)動(dòng)作，但不對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響這說明他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)飽了，不餓了。When、whattime永遠(yuǎn)不能與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)連用2.Hashehadhisbreakfast?

Yes,hehas.

Whendidhehavehisbreakfast?

Hehadbreakfastat6:00.Exercises1.I________(have)lunchalready.2.

thetrain_______(arrive)yet?3.Tom____never_______(be)toChina.4.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.5.Thetwins____(see)myfatherjustnow.6.______youever_______(ride)ahorse?Never.havehadHasarrivedhasbeenhasseensawhaveriddenwritewrotewrittenrideroderidden7._____you________(clean)theroom?Yes,we__________(do)thatalready.When_______you______(do)it?We_______(do)itanhourago.8.______he______(see)thisfilmyet?No.When_____he_____(see)it?He______ittomorrow.9.Howmanytimes_____you______(come)here?Once.HavecleanedhavedonediddodidHasseenwillseewillseehavecomecomecamecomebecomebecamebecome用法二：

for+一段時(shí)間since+過去時(shí)態(tài)的句子since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)E.g.Katehaslivedherefor3years.Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago.KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChina.表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能還將持續(xù)下去。動(dòng)詞使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間連用sofar,

upto/tillnow,

inthelast/past+一段時(shí)間，allone’slife.一段時(shí)間+ago具體的過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)常見非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)變第一類：動(dòng)詞be+adj.diefinishopen/closefallill/asleepmarrysb/getmarriedto第二類：動(dòng)詞be+介詞.start/beginleavejoin

bedeadbeawayfrom

bein/beamemberofbeopen/closedbeonbeoverbeill/asleepbemarriedto第三類：動(dòng)詞另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞buyborrowget/beginto延續(xù)性v.becomeputoneg.keephavebe延續(xù)性v.wearHisfatherdied2yearsago.Thefootballmatchbeganat9:00a.m.Thetwinsjoinedthearmywhentheywere18yearsold.MyteacherleftNanjing3daysago.Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years/sincetwoyears.Thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9:00a.m.Thetwinshavebeensoldiers/inthearmy、membersofthearmysincetheywere18yearsold.MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3days/since3daysago.have/hasgoneto

have/hasbeento

have/hasbeeninhave/hasgoneto:已經(jīng)去了或在途中，還沒有返回；反正不在說話地!have/hasbeento:曾經(jīng)去過某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了,后面可接表示“次數(shù)”、ever、never、before等的狀語;

have/hasbeenin:表示某人“已在某地停留一段時(shí)間，現(xiàn)仍在那里”，其后常帶表示一段時(shí)間的狀語。

用法三：ExercisesTom在哪兒？他去書店了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack去過上海兩次了-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshop.IhavebeeninBeijingfor5years.JackhasbeentoShanghaitwice.