重慶市綦江區(qū)東溪中學(xué)2024屆高考仿真卷英語試卷含解析

重慶市綦江區(qū)東溪中學(xué)2024屆高考仿真卷英語試卷注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．—DidyouhavedifficultyfindingAnn'house?—Notreally.She___uscleardirectionsandwewereabletofindit.easily?A．wastogive B．hadgivenC．wasgiving D．wouldgive2．—HelenisgoingtoManchesterforfurthereducationnextmonth.—I’m______becauseIhavetostayathomeandwork.A．greenwithenvyB．whiteasasheetC．tickledpinkD．blackandblue3．henewly-discoveredstarwasnamed_____aChineseastronomer________hiscontributionstoastronomy.A．for;infavorof B．a(chǎn)fter;inhonorofC．by;inmemoryof D．a(chǎn)s;inpraiseof4．Sofar,onlyonemanhas________atheorythatseemstofitallthefacts.A．comeupwith B．putupwithC．linedupwith D．caughtupwith5．John,________moneywasnownoproblem,startedanewcompanywithhisfriends.A．forwhose B．ofwhoseC．ofwhom D．forwhom6．—Bobsayshewilldrawlessonsfromhisfailureandcontinuetotry.—I’mdelightedthathe________takethatview.A．willB．mayC．shouldD．could7．Withthedevelopmentofscience,morenewtechnology______tothefieldsofIT.A．hasintroduced B．isbeingintroducedC．isintroduced D．wasintroduced8．Expertswarnthatmedicalwastefromhospitals,if________properly,mayleadtospreadingdiseases.A．nothandled B．notbeinghandledC．nottobehandled D．nothavinghandled9．—Didyougotolastnight’sconcert?—Yes.Andthegirlplayingtheviolinattheconcert_______allthepeoplepresentwithherexcellentability.A.impressed B．compared C．conveyed D．observed10．Iwasanonlychild,and________Ihadnoexperienceoflargefamilies.A．soB．butC．orD．while11．Whethersomethingisaliveordeadisacrucial______anditisonethatchildrenhavenodifficultyunderstandingbytheageoffive.A．declaration B．distinction C．division D．distribution12．Manyyoungpeoplejustcan’tlivewithouttheInternet,theydependonforwhateverinformationtheyneed.A．which B．when C．where D．what13．________anincreaseinforeignlegalconflicts，Chinaisexpectedtoseethenumbercontinuetorise．A．Towitness B．BeingwitnessedC．Witnessed D．Havingwitnessed14．Janeisnotgoodatsports，butwhenittocooking，she’sexcellent．A．happens B．comes C．does D．occurs15．—Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?—Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob________youaredoingsomethingseriousandinteresting.A．which B．whereC．when D．that16．Fromhisexpression,Idon’tthinkhecouldhavefinishedhishomeworklastnight,_______?A．couldn’the B．doIC．didhe D．hasn’the17．Andrewlivesaloneandenjoysthecompanyofapetcat_______he’sgrownsofond.A．which B．inwhichC．ofwhich D．when18．Sinceitwasgettinglate,wedecidedtofindasmallinnto_______forthenight.A．putoff B．putout C．putaway. D．putup19．－I_______inthesamepositiontoolong.Mylegshavefallenasleep.－Shakeitalittlebeforeyougetup.A．willsit B．havesatC．a(chǎn)msitting D．havebeenstting20．Isitheoryou________inchargeofthejobandsupposedtocompleteitpunctually?A．whois B．thatisC．whoare D．whomare第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）Haveyoueverheardofthefollowingpeople?Maybeyes,maybeno.Buttheymaybeaninspirationforyou.TheTreeLadyKateSessionswasanAmericanbotanistandlandscapearchitectcloselyassociatedwithSanDiego,California.AfterbecomingthefirstwomanthatgraduatefromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,shetookajobasateacherfarsouthinthedrydeserttownofSanDiego.KatedecidedthatSanDiegoneededtreesmorethananythingelse.Therefore,thisyoungwomansingle-handedlystartedamovementtransformingthetownintotheleafy,garden-filledplaceasitistoday.TheSnowflake(雪花)ManWilsonBentleyisoneofthefirstknownphotographersofsnowflakes.Hisenthusiasmfortakingphotosofsnowflakesbeganfromhisboyhoodandwasoftenmisunderstoodinhistime,buthisdeterminationrevealedtwoimportanttruths：notwosnowflakesarealike,andeachoneissurprisinglybeautiful.In1931,heworkedwithWilliamJ.HumphreysoftheU.S.WeatherBureautopublishSnowCrystals,abookcontaining2,500photographs.TheFatherofHisCountryBythelate1760s,GeorgeWashingtonhadexperiencedfirst-handtheeffectsofrisingtaxesimposedonAmericancolonies(殖民地)bytheBritish,andcametobelievethatitwasinthelocalpeopledbestintereststodeclareindependencefromEngland.DuringtheAmericanWarofIndependence,heledthecolonialforcestovictory.In1787,hewaselectedpresidentoftheConventionthatwrotetheU.S.Constitution.Twoyearslater,WashingtonbecameAmerica’sfirstpresident.Hisretirementfromofficeaftertwotermsestablishedatraditionthatlasteduntil1940,whenFranklinDelanoRooseveltwonathirdterm.The22ndAmendmentnowlimitsthepresidenttotwoelectedterms.1、Whomadeagreatefforttomakeanareabeautiful?A．KateSessions.B．WilsonBentley.C．GeorgeWashington.D．WilliamJ.Humphreys.2、WhatisWilsonBentleywell-knownfor?A．Hiscreativeideastopublishbooks.B．Hiscouragetofightagainstprejudice.C．Hispersistenceinphotographingsnowflakes.D．Hisdevotiontoteachingkidsscientifictruths.3、Whatcanweinferaboutthepeoplementionedinthetext?A．Theyarereallycreative.B．Theyareverydetermined.C．Theyarehighlyeducated.D．Theyareprettyconfident.22．（8分）Mendon'tgothroughpregnancyorchildbirth.Theirhormone(荷爾蒙)levelsdon'tnosedive.Whatexactlyhavetheygottobedepressedabout?Quitealot,accordingtoresearchfromSwedenshowingthat,overthepast10years,asignificantnumberofmenhavestruggledwiththetransition(過渡)tofatherhood.Thislatestresearchtriestoquantifyjusthowmanymengetpostnatal(產(chǎn)后)depression.Previousstudieshavefoundbetween4%and10%ofmen.while,inthissmallishsampleof447Swedishfatherswhovolunteered(andmaythereforenotrepresentyouraveragedad),asurprising28%ofmenhadsymptomsthatscoredabovemildlevelsofdepression.Overall,4%hadmoderatedepression.Fewerthanoneinfivefatherswhoweredepressedsoughthelp,eventhoughathirdofthosehadthoughtaboutharmingthemselves.WhilewomenintheUKareoftenaskedaseriesofquestionsthatscreenforpostnataldepression(whichaffectsupto13%ofwomen),thementalhealthoffathersisrarelyassessed.TheleadauthoroftheSwedishpaper,ElisaPsouni,fromthedepartmentofpsychologyatLundUniversity,saystheEdinburghPostnatalDepressionScale(EPDS)usedforbothwomenandmenisnotsoaccurateinpickingupdepressioninfathers.Herresearchshowedhigherlevelsofdepressionindadsbecauseitaddedinascoremorereflectiveof"male"symptomsofdepressionsuchasagitation,anger,irritability(易怒),workinglongerhoursanddrinkingtoomuch.Depressioninfathersmayberisingnotjustbecauseresearchersarelookingforit,butbecausemorenewdadsarestruggling.Psounibelievesfathersincreasinglyfacethesamedilemmasthatmothersdo-includingtryingtocombineparenthoodwithworkingFatherswhogotdepressedoftenhadexternalpressures,suchasjobissues,andiftheirpartnerwasdepressed,theirownriskofdepressiondoubled.Lackofsleep,havingtwinsandconflictintherelationshipcanallcontribute.Adepresseddadwillplayandsmilelesswithhischild.Childrenaredeeplyaffectedbypaternalpostnataldepressionwithstudiesshowingpoorermeasuresofwellbeingandmorebehavioralproblemsattheageofseven.Fatherswhosensetheymaybestrugglingandpartners,relativesorfriendswhonoticeanincreaseinimitabilityandanxietyinamaninthefirstyearofparenthood(paternaldepressionismoredispersedthroughoutthefirst12months)shouldconsiderthepossibilityofpaternalpostnataldepression.Cognitivebehavioraltherapy(認知行為療法)canhelp,ascanantidepressants.Ifthedepressionisnotrecognised,saysPsouni,"oneofmostterriblethingsisthatyoucatchupwithyourselfayearlaterandrealiseyouhavebeenreallydownandstruggling-andthefirstyearofyourchild'slifehasgone.”1、WhatisrevealedaboutmenaccordingtoaSwedenresearch?A．Theyexperienceasharpdeclineinhormone.B．Manyofthemsufferfrompostnataldepression.C．TheyseldomgothroughpregnancyorchildbirthD．Manyofthemqualifyforthetransitiontofatherhood.2、WhatdothestatisticsinParagraph2indicate?A．TheresearchersshouldinvitemoreSwedishfathers.B．OverhalfofSwedishfatherstendtoharmthemselves.C．Thementalhealthoffathersdeservesmoreattention.D．PostnataldepressionaffectsBritishwomenmoreeasily.3、WhydidPsouni'sresearchshowhigherlevelsofdepressionindads?A．Researchersuseanewmeasureformalesymptomofdepression.B．ResearchersadoptEPDStoaccuratelypickupdepressionindads.C．Fathershavetroubleincopingwithinternalandexternalpressures.D．Fathersareoftenfacedwiththedoubledriskofpartnerdepression.4、Whatmayhappentoafatherwithpaternaldepression?A．Hemaydevelopterriblebehavioralhabits.B．Hemayavoidbeingrecognizedwithdepression.C．Hemaydeclinecognitivebehavioraltherapy.D．Hemaymissthechanceofgivingproperchildcare.23．（8分）TheancientRomansdrank47milliongallonsofwineeveryyear:abottleadayforeveryman,woman,andchildinthecity.Winewasconsumedbyboththerichandthepoor,drunkateverymeal.Evenslavesweregivenaweeklyamountof5quartseachinordertopreservetheirstrength.Thoughwinewasalwayspopular,theRomansdidnotplanttheirownvineyards(葡萄園)untiltheyhadtakencontroloftheItalianpeninsulainthesecondcenturyAD．VineyardsquicklysprangupallovertheRomancountrysideandbeyond.Bythefirstcentury,winewasbeingimportedfromGaulandIberia(moderndayFranceandSpain)inordertoquenchRome’sendlessthirstforit.Transportingwineoversuchvastdistanceswasaseriouschallenge.Winecontainersneededtobeairtightinordertopreventoxidation(氧化),strongenoughtokeepfrombreaking,andlightenoughtobecarriedbyhand.Itwasalsoimportantthatthecontainerbemadeoutofamaterialthatwouldn’tupsetthewine’sflavorandbekeptatacool,stabletemperatureinordertopreventdamage,amajorconcernforwinemakerstothisday.TheRomansusedclayandoaktosolvetheseproblems,creatingoneofthegreatestandmostwine-soakedcultures.ThedrinkinghabitsofAncientRomehadanenormousinfluenceonEuropeanculture.AstheyconqueredEurope,theynotonlybroughttheirlaws,butalsotheircustoms,exportingtheirloveofwinethroughouttheirempire.TheywerethefirsttoplantvineyardsintheRhoneValleyandacrossFrance.TheyintroducedwinetoGermanyandBritain,andusedtheirknowledgeofwinecrafttotransformandexpandSpanishvineyards.TheRomanstudyofvineyardskillsnotonlyimprovedthewine’squality,butalsohelpedguaranteeitssurvivalfollowingthebreakdownofRomeandtheturmoil(動亂)oftheMiddleAges.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quench”inParagraph2mean?A．Limit. B．Satisfy.C．Explain. D．Experience.2、Whatdowinemakersmostcareaboutaccordingtothetext?A．Howtodistinguishthequalityofwine.B．Howtospreadthecultureofwine.C．Howtochoosewinecontainers.D．Howtopreservewineproperly.3、Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A．TheRomans’contributiontowineculture.B．TheRomans’ruleoftheEuropeancontinent.C．TheRomans’effortsinbuildingabigempire.D．TheRomans’remarkableskillsinmakingwine.4、Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．TheRomansproducedwinemainlyforexport.B．TheRomanslearnttopreservewinefromtheEuropeans.C．TheRomansgaveslaveswinetomakethemworkharder.D．TheRomansbegantoplantvineyardswhenwinefirstbecamepopular.24．（8分）HowmanytimesdoyoucheckyourFacebookpageinadaytoseewhetheryourlatestposthasgotanother“l(fā)ike”or“thumbsup”?Althoughyoumightbeembarrassedtoadmithowmanytimesyoudothis,don’tworry—--psychologicalfindingshaveshownit’scompletelynormal.Infact,thepleasurewederivefromreceivinga“l(fā)ike”isequaltothatofeatingchocolateorwinningmoney,andwecan’thelpwantingmore.Accordingtothefindings,whichobserved32teensagedbetween13and18,thefeedbackcircuitintheteens’brainsisparticularlysensitive,andthe“social”and“visual”partsoftheirbrainswereactivewhentheyreceived“l(fā)ikes”onthesocialnetwork.Theresearchalsoshowedthatthoughthethumbsupmightcomefromcompletestrangers,thegoodtheyderivefromthemworkedallthesame.So,doesitmeanweshouldtryourbesttowinasmanythumbsupaspossible?Notnecessarilysoifweknowthereasonsbehindourdesireforattention.In“whydopeoplelongforattention”byM.FaroukRadwan,heexplainedseveralcasesinwhichpeoplenaturallylongedforattention.Radwansaidpeoplewhowereanonlychild,whowereusedtobeingthecenterofattentionintheirhouse,maytrytocopytheseconditions.Feeling“overlookedandunappreciated”mightalsoleadyoutolongforattention.Othertimes,thestateofbeingjealousorwantingtocoveryourmistakesmayalsocontributetosuchlongings.Infact,toomuchdesireforattentioncancreateanxiety,andinturnruinyourhappinessevenwhenyougetit.Sowhatcanwedoaboutit?Theanswerisquitesimple.“Ifpeoplecouldadoptgoalsnotfocusedontheirownself-esteembutonsomethinglargerthantheirself,suchaswhattheycancreateorcontributetoothers,theywouldbelesssensitivetosomeofthenegativeeffectsofpursuingself-esteem,”wrotepsychologyprofessorJenniferCrocker.Soperhapstheanswertoouraddictionto“l(fā)ikes”issimplytofocusonsomethinglargerthanourselves—--ahard,butaworthyone.1、Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“derive”inParagraph2?A．deliverB．giveC．preventD．get2、What’sthereactionofreceiving“l(fā)ikes”onthesocialnetworktothebrain?A．Thebrainbecomesmorenervous.B．Somepartsofthebrainareactive.C．Thebrainbecomeslesssensitive.D．Thebrainbecomescleverer.3、Whowantstogetmoreattentionaccordingtothepassage?A．theonlychild.B．Theoldwholiveshappilywithchildren.C．Theyoungwhofeelsanxious.D．Teenswhowanttodiscovertheirmistakes.4、What’sCrocker’ssuggestionaboutthenegativeeffectsofgettingself-esteem?A．Doinganinterestingmatter.B．Workingharderthaneverbefore.C．Havingabiggergoalthantheirself.D．NotcheckingyourFacebookpageinaday.25．（10分）InastudypublishedintheU.S.journalScience,researchersfromtheChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences(CAAS)andtheUniversityofFloridaidentifiedthechemicalcombinationsandgeneticrecipeforbettertomatoflavor(味道).“Inrecentyears,consumersoftencomplainthatthemoderntomatoislessflavorfulthanitoncewas”saidco-principalresearcherSanwenHuang.“Ourresultsprovideapracticalroadmapforbreedingtomatovarietieswithbetterflavor.”Forthestudy,a170-personconsumergroupwascreatedtoevaluate160tomatoesrepresenting101varieties,basedonqualitiessuchas“overallliking”and“flavordegree”.Theresultspointedtodozensofchemicalcompoundsofinterest,andfurtherresearchusingastatisticalmodeldiscovered33flavorcompoundsconnectedwithconsumerliking,suchasglucose(葡萄糖).Thereasonwhymoderntomatoesdon’ttastegoodanymoreisthatatotalof13oftheseflavor-associatedcompounds“weresignificantlyreducedinmodernvarieties,”theirpaperwrote.Moreover,theresearchersfoundthatsmallerfruittendedtohavegreatersugarcontent,suggestingthat“selectionformoresizabletomatoeshascostsweetnessandflavor”.Basedonthisknowledge,HuangandProfessorHarryKleeoftheUniversityofFloridastudiedthewholegenomesof398varietiesoftomato,identifyingabout250positionsofgenesonachromosome(染色體),whichcontrolledtomatoflavor.“We’rejustfixingwhathasbeendamagedoverthelasthalfcenturytopushthembacktowheretheywereacenturyago,”saidKleeinastatement.“Wecanmakethesupermarkettomatotastenoticeablybetter.”Kleesaidnewtomatovarietieswithbetterflavorcouldbereadyinthreetofouryears.Inaddition,“thegenesandpathwaysidentifiedhereinthetomatoalmostcertainlypointtopathwaysworthresearchingforimprovementofflavorqualityinotherfruitcrops,”theywrote.1、Accordingtothetext,thestudy________.A．wascarriedoutjustthroughasurveyB．wasconductedbyChineseresearchersthemselvesC．wascompletelyfocusedonthegenesofdifferenttomatoesD．wasdonewiththebackgroundofdecliningflavoroftomatoes2、Theresearchershavefoundthat________inthestudy.A．biggertomatoesaremuchsweeterB．somegeneticpositionsaffectthetasteoftomatoesC．somechemicalcompoundsmaketomatoeslesstastyD．a(chǎn)totalof13flavor-associatedcompoundsmaketomatoesappealingintaste3、Whatistheinfluenceofthestudyaccordingtothetext?A．Thestudylaysthefoundationforfurtherresearchestoimproveotherfruitcrops’flavor.B．Thestudymakesitpossibleforustohavenoticeablymoretastytomatoesnextyear.C．Thestudyprovidesaroadforwheretoplanttomatoeswithbetterflavor.D．Thestudyhasfixedallthegenesofexistingtomatoes.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）AfewyearsagoIwasworkingparttimeatalocalicecreamshop.While1anelderlywomanahotfudgesundae(圣代冰淇淋)atthedrive-throughwindow,Icouldn’thelp2hercar,becauseIwasjustinchesfromherface.I3thatshehadabasketofwhatappearedtobepurpletomatoes.AsIgaveherthesundae,Isaid,“Thosetomatoeslookdelicious!What4arethey?”Shesmiledso5thatIthoughtshewasabouttolaugh,butinsteadshereplied.“Here,havesome!”WithinsecondsIhada6ofpurpletomatoes.“Oh,no,you7givemeany!”Isaid.Thosetomatoeslookedexpensive.“Here,havemore,”she8,andIhadsixoftheprettiesttomatoesIhad9seen.Iweaklytriedtosay,“Really,youdidn’thavetogivemeany,10Iappreciateit.Thewomansmiledagainand11,“Theybelongtoararetype.Sotheyaren’tliketheone,yougetinthegrocerystore.Ihopeyouenjoythem.”Isaid“Thankyou”again,andshe12off.Abouttwoweekslater,my13attheicecreamstoresentmeamessage:“Iwanttoletyouknowthatyourgardenerdroppedoffaboxof14foryou.Pleasecomeandgetthem.”15,Itexted,“Mygardener?”Thatnightmybossshowedmethe16.Iopeneditandinsideweretomatoes,cucumbers,andgreenbeans.Iwas17,feelinggreatlysurprised.Whywasthiswomanbeingso18?Ineversawheragain,buttothisdayheractofkindnessinspiresmeto19mygardenplantswithanyonewholikesorneedsthem.20,allIexpectisjusta“Thankyou”.Betteryet,payitforwardandbesomeoneelse’ssecretgardener.1、A．leavingB．handingC．a(chǎn)wardingD．buying2、A．a(chǎn)skingforB．thinkingofC．waitingforD．lookinginto3、A．pretendedB．noticedC．expectedD．understood4、A．colorB．kindC．shapeD．number5、A．widelyB．slightlyC．weaklyD．shyly6、A．dozenB．basketC．handfulD．variety7、A．needn’tB．can’tC．mustn’tD．won’t8、A．promisedB．a(chǎn)greedC．commentedD．insisted9、A．evenB．a(chǎn)lsoC．yetD．ever10、A．ifB．butC．forD．so11、A．leftB．explainedC．pausedD．suggested12、A．gotB．fellC．spedD．walked13、A．friendB．customerC．a(chǎn)ssistantD．boss14、A．grainsB．vegetablesC．fruitsD．flowers15、A．ExcitedB．PuzzledC．UpsetD．Angry16、A．storeB．gardenC．giftD．box17、A．a(chǎn)ngryB．happyC．nervousD．sorry18、A．generousB．humorousC．seriousD．outgoing19、A．growB．manageC．shareD．sell20、A．InreturnB．InadvanceC．InadditionD．Inparticular第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Litteriseverywhere，doinggreatharm1．theenvironmentandlifeonourplanet.JeffKirschner，whowantstobuildalitter-freeworld，startedaglobalcommunitynamedLitterati2．(settle)thisproblem.Thestorybeganwithhis6-year-olddaughter.Onedaytheyweregoingonahikewhenthegirlnoticeda3．(break)plastictub(浴盆)inariver.Shesaid，“Daddy，thatdoesn’tgothere.”ThattookKirschnerbysurprise.He，likemanyadults，hadbecomesousedtotherubbisharoundthemthathehadn’tgivenitasecondlook.4．hisdaughtersaidremindedhimoftheseriousproblemourplanetfaces.Jeffstartedtotake5．(act).HecreatedLitterati，anappthatmakesitfuntopickuplitter.Theideais6．(fair)simple:Spotapieceoftrash，takeaphoto，postthephotoonlineandthenputthelitterintodustbins.7．(see)thatJeffwaskeepingarecordofthepositiveimpacthewashavingontheplanet，peopleworldwidestartedparticipating.Uptonow，over2，500，000photospostedby3,500peoplefromover40countries8．(find)theirwaytoLitterati’sdigitallandfill.Litteratiismorethananapp.Itisahighly9．(effect)solutiontoapressingissue.Whereveryoulive，whateveryoudoand10．youare，joinLitteratitomaketheworldacleanerandhealthierplacetolivein.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下短文．短文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處．錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改．增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞．刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分．One

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