局部解剖之腹部腹壁解剖英文版

局部解剖之腹部腹壁解剖英文版IntroductionAnatomyoftheAbdominalWallSurfaceAnatomyoftheAbdominalWallMusclesoftheAbdominalWallClinicalApplicationsofAbdominalWallAnatomy01IntroductionTheabdominalwallisacrucialpartofthebody,providingstrengthandprotectiontotheabdominalorgans.Itsstructureandfunctionarehighlycomplex,makingathoroughunderstandingofitsanatomyessentialforsurgeonsandanatomists.BackgroundAknowledgeofabdominalwallanatomyiscrucialforsurgeonsasitaidsinsurgicalprocedures,particularlythoseinvolvingtheabdominalcavity.Italsoaidsintheunderstandingofdiseasesandconditionsthataffecttheabdominalwall,allowingforaccuratediagnosisandtreatment.ImportanceBackgroundandImportanceScopeThisarticlefocusesonthegrossanatomyoftheabdominalwall,includingitsmuscles,nerves,bloodvessels,andfascia.Italsocoverstherelationshipbetweentheabdominalwallandtheunderlyingorgans.LimitationsAswithanyanatomicalstudy,theabdominalwallanatomycanbecomplex,andtheremaybeindividualvariations.Additionally,theabdominalwall'sresponsetoinjuryanddiseasecansignificantlyalteritsstructure.ScopeandLimitations02AnatomyoftheAbdominalWallLayersoftheAbdominalWallConsistsofskinandsuperficialfascia.Itprovidesprotectionandsupporttothedeeperstructures.FascialLayerComposedofthedeepfascia,whichisadenseconnectivetissuelayerthatattachestheabdominalwalltotheunderlyingorgans.MuscularLayerContainstheabdominalmusclesthataidinmovementsofthetrunkandprovidesupporttotheabdominalorgans.SuperficialLayerGoreAnteriorCompartmentContainsthestomach,spleen,andpancreas.GorePosteriorCompartmentContainsthesmallintestine,largeintestine,andmesentery.GoreoftheDiaphragmContainstheliverandgallbladder.FascialcompartmentsoftheAbdominalWall030201ArteriesSupplybloodtotheabdominalwallandorgans.Themainarteryistheaorta,whichbranchesintosmallerarteriesthatsupplyspecificareas.VeinsCollectbloodfromtheabdominalorgansandwall,returningittotheheart.NervesControlsensationandmovementoftheabdominalwall.Themainnervesarethesympatheticandparasympatheticnervesthatregulateinvoluntaryactionsoftheabdominalorgans.VesselsandNervesoftheAbdominalWall03SurfaceAnatomyoftheAbdominalWallCentralLine(Midline)Thelineextendingfromthexiphoidprocesstothepubicsymphysis.Itdividestheabdominalwallintoleftandrighthalves.CostalCartilagesThecartilagesthatattachtheribstothesternumandprovideflexibilitytotheribcage.Theyarepalpableontheanteriorabdominalwall.SurfaceLandmarksoftheAbdominalWallTopographicAnatomyoftheAbdominalWallHypogastricRegionTheareaabovetheumbilicusandbelowthecostalcartilages,alsoknownasthesuprapubicregion.Itisacommonsitefortendernessandpain.UmbilicalRegionTheareaaroundtheumbilicus,alsoknownasthenavel.Itisacommonsiteforherniasandsurgicalincisions.Umbilicus(Navel)Thedepressionatthecenteroftheabdominalwall,wheretheumbilicalcordwasattachedduringfetaldevelopment.Itisacommonsiteforsurgicalincisions.要點(diǎn)一要點(diǎn)二CostalCartilagesThecartilagesthatattachtheribstothesternumandprovideflexibilitytotheribcage.Theyarepalpableontheanteriorabdominalwall.PalpableLandmarksoftheAbdominalWall04MusclesoftheAbdominalWall位于腹部的側(cè)面，起自肋骨下緣，斜向內(nèi)下方，止于髂嵴、腹股溝韌帶外側(cè)。位置協(xié)助呼吸，使腹部向側(cè)面彎曲；作為腹肌之一，參與腹腔內(nèi)壓的維持和腰部的穩(wěn)定。功能ExternalObliqueMuscle位于腹部的側(cè)面，起自髂嵴，斜向內(nèi)上方，止于肋骨下緣。協(xié)助呼吸，使腹部向側(cè)面彎曲；作為腹肌之一，參與腹腔內(nèi)壓的維持和腰部的穩(wěn)定。InternalObliqueMuscle功能位置位于腹部的正中線兩側(cè)，起自恥骨聯(lián)合、髂嵴，止于第5-7肋骨。位置使腹部向內(nèi)凹陷，協(xié)助呼吸；作為腹肌之一，參與腹腔內(nèi)壓的維持和腰部的穩(wěn)定。功能TransversusAbdominisMuscleVS位于腹部的正中線，起自恥骨聯(lián)合、胸廓下緣，止于第5-7肋骨。功能使腹部向前凸出，協(xié)助呼吸；作為腹肌之一，參與腹腔內(nèi)壓的維持和腰部的穩(wěn)定。位置RectusAbdominisMuscle05ClinicalApplicationsofAbdominalWallAnatomy010203HerniaClassificationBasedonthelocationandtypeofhernia,abdominalwallanatomycanhelpclassifyandtreatherniasmoreeffectively.HerniaPathophysiologyUnderstandingabdominalwallanatomycanaidinunderstandingthepathophysiologyofhernias,whichinvolvestheprotrusionoforgansortissuethroughweakenedareasoftheabdominalwall.SurgicalRepairKnowledgeofabdominalwallanatomyiscrucialforsurgeonsperformingherniarepairsurgery,astheymustidentifyandrepairthedefectintheabdominalwall.HerniasandtheirRelationshiptoAbdominalWallAnatomyDuringsurgery,theincisionisoftenmadeovertheareaofthedefecttoprovideaccesstotheabdominalcavity.Understandingtheanatomyoftheabdominalwallhelpssurgeonschooseanappropriateincisionsite.Insomecases,surgeonsmayneedtoremoveormovemusclestoaccessthedefectorperformothersurgicalprocedures.Knowledgeofabdominalwallanatomyhelpssurgeonsidentifyandworkaroundimportantmuscles.Understandingabdominalw