7大型養(yǎng)路機(jī)械常見故障處理7.3大型養(yǎng)路機(jī)械保養(yǎng)2Common-troubleshooting-of-large-scale-road-maintenance-machinery-7

RAILWAYSECTORMaintenanceoflarge-scaleroadmaintenancemachinery目錄CONTENTSEquipmentmaintenancemanagementDailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryEquipmentmaintenancemanagement1.PurposeandfunctionInordertomanagetheequipmentinascientificway,themaintenanceandmanagementoftheequipmentshouldbecarriedoutinanorganized,planned,principled,standard,andregulatedmanner,soastoachievethepurposeoflongservicelifeoftheequipment,highcomprehensiveefficiencyandmeetingtheneedsofproductiondevelopment..Equipmentmaintenancemanagement2.Managementresponsibilities(1)Theequipmenttechnologysectionoftheindustrialmachinerysectionisresponsibleforthecentralizedmanagementandunifiedplanningandarrangementofequipmentmaintenancewithinthescopeoftheentiresection.VarioussystemsandregulationsforequipmentmaintenanceshallbeestablishedtoassistandcooperatewithvariousdepartmentstostrengthentheirsenseofresponsibilityandensurethatequipmentmaintenanceAndmaintenancecanbeimplementedinaccordancewiththerequirementsoftheparagraphspecification.Equipmentmaintenancemanagement2.Managementresponsibilities(2)Themanagementpersonnelofeachworkshopshallrefinetheequipmentmanagementofthedepartmentinaccordancewiththeguidelinesandpoliciesonequipmentmaintenanceandtherequirementsofthissystem,andstrictlyrequirestrictrequirements,frequentinspections,andstrengthenassessmentsduringtheimplementationprocess.Equipmentmaintenancemanagement(3)BasicprinciplesofequipmentmaintenanceEquipmentmaintenanceworkshouldimplementtheprincipleof"preventionfirst"Equipmentfailuresshouldbeeliminatedinthebud.Itsmaintaskistopreventlooseconnectionsandabnormalwearandtear,superviseoperatorstouseequipmentcorrectlyinaccordancewithequipmentoperatingregulations,preventequipmentaccidents,andextendequipmentservicelifeandmaintenancecycles.Ensurethesafeoperationofequipmentandprovideproductionequipmentinthebeststateforproduction.AdheretotheprincipleofcombininguseandmaintenanceOperatorshaveachieved"threegood"and"fourability"inthedailymaintenanceofequipment.Equipmentmaintenancemanagement3.Themainpointsofequipmentmaintenance(1)OperatorsimplementequipmentmaintenanceresponsibilitysystemLarge-scaleroadmaintenancemachineryandequipmentimplementtheresponsibilitysystemforinspectionandmaintenanceofoperatorsonduty.Equipmentmaintenancemanagement(2)Responsibilitiesofoperators①Strictlyfollowtheregulationsoftheequipmentuseregulations,andusetheequipmentyouoperatecorrectlywithoutoverloading.Ifproblemsandabnormalphenomenaarefound,stopforinspection,anddealwiththemimmediatelyiftheycanhandlethem.Iftheycannotbehandled,reporttothepersonresponsiblefortheoverhaulintimeanddealwiththemimmediately.②Addlubricatingoilorgreaseregularlytokeeptheoilpathunblocked.Equipmentmaintenancemanagement③Wipetheequipmentcleanafterdailymaintenance,keeptheinsideandoutsideoftheequipmentclean,freeofgreaseanddirt,sothat"thepaintseestheoriginalcolorandtheironseeslight".④Conscientiouslyimplementtheequipmenthandoversystem,eachlarge-scaleroadmaintenancemachineryandequipmentshouldhavea"handoverrecordbook",andtherotationpersonnelshouldwriteitdowncarefully,andbothpartiesshouldsignonthe"handoverrecordbook".Theproblemlieswiththesuccessor.Equipmentmaintenancemanagement4.Implementationandexecutionofequipmentmaintenanceprocedures(1)Theimplementationandexecutionofmaintenanceproceduresisanimportantmethodtoensurethattheequipmentisinagoodtechnicalstateandsafeoperation.Therefore,leaders,operators,andmaintenancepersonnelatalllevelsmuststudycarefully,implementandimplement.(2)Maintenanceproceduresmustbethoroughlyimplementedtooperatorsandmaintenancepersonnel.Equipmentmaintenancemanagement(3)Operatorsandfull-timemaintenancepersonnelshouldremindandsuperviseeachother,andstrictlyfollowthemaintenanceprocedures.(4)Workshopequipmenttechniciansshouldfrequentlychecktheimplementationofthemaintenanceproceduresintheworkshop,andiftheyfindthattheyarenotimplementedinaccordancewiththeprocedures,theyshouldreporttotheworkshopdirectorinatimelymanneranddealwiththemseriously.EquipmentmaintenancemanagementDailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryMaintenancecanbedividedintodailymaintenanceandregularmaintenance,generallyspeaking,maintenanceprocessandinspectionprocessiscloselylinked,inseparable,sothemaintenanceprocessisinspection,oil,adjustment,maintenanceofthetotalprocess.DailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryDailymaintenanceistheroutinemaintenanceofthemachinebefore,duringandafterthemachineisshutdown.Itmainlyperformsthelubrication,inspectionandadjustmentofthemachine.Dailymaintenanceshouldbe"fourdiligence"and"twocleanliness".DailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryFourdiligenceCleanfrequentlyCheckfrequentlyFrequenttighteningDiligentadjustmentThepurposeofdailymaintenanceistocheckandadjustthegapsofvariouspartsofthemachine,improvethelubricationconditionsofeachpart,andreducethewearofparts.DailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryTwocleanlinessOilcleanAirClean1.Engine(1)Checktheengineoillevelandreplenishitwhenitisinsufficient.(2)Checkandcleantheairfilter,includingthecleaningofthedustcollectorandthemaintenanceofthefiltercartridge.(3)CheckthetensionoftheV-beltofthegenerator.Itisnormalthatyoucanpressdown10-15mmwithyourfingersinthemiddleofthebelt.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery(4)Checkthefuellevelinthefueltankandmakeupifnecessary.(5)Checkwhetherthefasteningconnectionisloose,andwhetherthereisanyabnormalnoisewhenthemachineisrunning.(6)Inadditiontocompletingtheabovecontent,thePGM-48railgrinderalsoneedstocheckthedieselenginecoolantlevelandreplenishitwhenitisinsufficient;checkwhetherthecoolingpipelineisnormalandwhetherthereisanyleakage.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery(7)Foranewengineoranengineafteroverhaul,thefollowingtechnicalmaintenanceisrequiredafterthefirst50hoursofuse:Changetheoilintheoilpanandcleantheoilpan.Replacetheoilfiltercartridge.Tightentheconnectingscrewsoftheintakeandexhaustpipesonthecylinderhead.Checkthattherubbertubeandclampoftheairfiltershouldbetightandleak-free.Checkandadjusttheclearancebetweentheintakeandexhaustvalves.Tightentheoilpanboltsandthefixingboltsoftheenginesupportagain.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery2.Powertransmissionandrunningbrakingsystem(1)Checkwhethertherearecracksineachtransmissionshaft,whetherthereisabnormalnoiseduringtransmission,whethertheconnectingboltsandnutsareloose,etc.(2)Checkwhethertheoillevelofthetravelingdriveoilpump,oilmotor,reductionbox,transfercase,axlegearbox,etc.isnormal,whethertheboxbodyhascracksandoilleakage,andwhethertheconnectionandfasteningboltsareloose.(3)Checkwhethertheactionstatusofeachclutchisgood,andwhethertheclutchstatusindicatorisnormal.DailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryTorqueconverterDailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryHydraulictorqueconverterandtransmissionshaft,transfercaseDailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryAxlegearboxDailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryAxlegearboxDailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery(4)Starttheenginetochecktheoillevelofthetorqueconverter,andreplenishitwhenitisinsufficient.Checkthepowershiftgearboxforabnormalnoise,cleanthesurfaceofthegearboxcasewhentheengineisstopped,andcheckforcracksandoilleakage(applicableto08-32,09-32,08-475tampingvehicles,stablevehicle).Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery(5)Draintheaccumulatedwaterineachairstoragetank.Thedrainplugsofthemainaircylinder,workingaircylinder,double-chamberaircylinder,oil-waterseparator,etc.,shouldbeopenedanddrainedfrequentlytodraintheaccumulatedwater.(6)Theairbrakevalveshouldbeoperatedflexibly,andnojammingorairleakageisallowed,otherwiseitmustbedealtwith.(7)Checkwhethertheairbrake,reliefandhandbrakeareeffective.DailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryTransfercaseanddriveshaftDailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryTransfercaseandtwodriveshaftsDailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery3.Electricalsystem(1)Checkthebasicfunctionsoftheelectricalsystemoftheoperatingvehicle,theactionsofvariouscomponentsandthestatusofvariousconnectors,displayinstruments,signallights,warninglightsandworkingdevicestoensurethenormaloperationoftheelectricalsystem.(2)Checkthattheconnectingpartsofallsolenoidvalveplugsshouldbefirmlyincontactwithnolooseness.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery(3)Checkwhethertheworkingpositionsofvariousstrokes,inductionandpressureswitchesandpressuresensorsareaccurate,andwhethertheinstallationisfirm.(4)Checkthatthebatteryconnectionlineisnotlooseandremovethesurfaceoxides.Beforethedieselenginestarts,thebatteryvoltageshouldnotbelowerthan20V;afterthedieselenginestarts,thebatteryvoltageshouldbebetween24and28V.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery(5)Afterthedieselengineisstarted,turnonthecontrolswitchesofthelighting,indicating,andalarmingdevices.Alldevicesshouldworknormallyandallmetersshoulddisplaycorrectly.Removethedustonthedashboardsurface.(6)Checktheworkingstatusoftheindicatorlight,especiallypayattentiontocheckwhetherthedisplayoftheworkingdevicelockindicatorlight,brakesignallightanddrivingclutchindicatorlightarecorrect.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery(7)Thecontrolhandles,knobs,buttonsandswitchesontheconsoleshouldworknormally.(8)Theon-offandoff-shiftfunctionsanddisplayofthetravelingelectricalcontrolsystemshouldbenormal.Thecorrespondingexecutionactionsoftheworkingdeviceareconsistentwiththefunctionsoftheswitchesorbuttons,andareconsistentwiththeactiondirectionsoftheswitchesandbuttonsonthepanel.(9)Checkthefunctionandstatusofeachlightingswitch,andreplacetheworklights,frontandrearlights,anddriver'sindoorlightswhentheyaredamaged.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery4.Hydraulicsystem(1)Checkthepressureofthehydraulicsystemandthefasteningandsealingofeachcomponent,andtimelymaintainthelocationwheretheproblemisfoundtoensureitsnormaloperation.DailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryHydraulicsystemoftampingdeviceoftampingvehicle(2)Checktheoillevelofthehydraulicoiltank.Thehydraulicoilinthehydraulicoiltankmustbemaintainedatthenormaloillevel.Ifoilreplenishmentisrequired,useanoilfilterwithafilteraccuracyof20μmandinjectthesamebrandofhydraulicoil.(3)Checkthepressureofeachhydraulicoilcircuit.Ifitisnotcorrect,findoutthereasonandadjustit.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery(4)Checkthatallrubberhoses,steelpipes,pipejointsandvarioushydraulicvalvesshouldbefreeofleakageandwear.Whentheoilpipesandjointsleak,re-tightenthepipejointsorreplacetheoilpipesandjoints;whentherubberhosesareworn,thepositionofthewornsurfaceshouldbeadjustedorbandaged,andthehoseshouldbereplacedwhenitisseverelyworn.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery(5)Checkwhethertheinstallationandconnectionofeachhydraulicpumpandhydraulicmotorareloose,andwhetherthereisabnormalnoiseduringoperation.(6)Theinstallationofvarioushydrauliccontrolwidthsshouldbefirmandreliable.Theconnectionbetweenthesolenoidcontrolvalveandthecircuitisnotdamaged,theelectricalpartisfirmlyconnectedtothevalvebody,andthesignallightindicatesnormal.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery(7)Whenthesystemisworking,itisnecessarytochecktheoilquantity,oiltemperature,pressure,noise,etc.frequently.Ifthereisanyabnormality,itshouldbeshutdownimmediately.(8)Checkwhetherthepressuregaugeisdamagedorabnormal.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery5.Pneumaticsystem(1)Checkwhethertheaircylindersandductsarescratchedorworn.(2)Dischargethesewagefromtheoil-waterseparator.(3)Checkwhetherthepneumaticsystempressureisnormal,andwhetherthepipelines,joints,cylinders,etc.areleaking.DailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryWorkingprinciplediagramofpneumaticdrillingmachine6.Workingdevice(1)Tampingdeviceoftampingcar①Checkwhethertheoillevelofthelubricatingoiltankonthetampingheadisnormal.②Addgreasetoeachhingepin.③Checkwhethertheeccentricshaftcoverislooseandwhetherthebearinghasabnormalnoise.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery④Checkthewearconditionoftherammingpickhead,andreplacethepickheadthathasexceededthewearlimit(abrasionisnotmorethan15mm).Checkwhetherthepickaxefasteningboltsareloose.Performoperationssuchascylinderclamping,rotation,lateralmovement,andtiltingofthepickfootonthetampinghead,andobservewhethereachmovementisflexible,andwhetherthereisoildrippingoroilleakage.Dailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachinery⑤Checkthehydraulicandpneumatichosejointsonthetampingdeviceforleaks.⑥Whetherthecentralizedlubricatingoilchanneliswornorleaking.⑦Checkthemountinghingeseatoftheliftingcylinder,thehingejointofthepistonrod,theendcoveroftheclampingcylinder,andtheguidecolumnsnapringforloosenessandabnormality.DailymaintenanceoflargeroadmaintenancemachineryDoublepillowtampingdevice1-Boxbody;2-Vibrationshaftpart;3-Distributorbodypart;4-Strokerestrictionpart;Part5-Fork-shapedoutercylinderpart;6-Fork-shapedinnercylinderpart;7-pickarmsupportparts;8-cylinderfixingparts;9-single-earinnercylinderparts;10-single-earoutercylinderparts;11-outersupportarmandfueltankparts;12-guidecolumnassembly

(2)Trackingdeviceanddetectionmechanismoftampingtruck①Checkwhetherthereisoilleakageinthestartingandshiftingcylinder,therailclampcylinder,andthestartinghookac