口譯口試前應(yīng)該熟悉的兩篇訪談之一(中英對照版)

口譯口試前應(yīng)該熟悉的兩篇訪談之一（中英對照版）

2010-11-1321:54發(fā)表

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第一篇：

2010年3月5日上午9時(shí)，第十一屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議在人民大會堂開幕，國務(wù)院總理溫家寶作政府工作報(bào)告，以下為中英文對照全文——

在第十一屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議上的政府工作報(bào)告

國務(wù)院總理溫家寶

2010年3月5日

REPORTONTHEWORKOFTHEGOVERNMENT

--DeliveredattheThirdSessionoftheEleventhNationalPeople'sCongress

onMarch5,2010

WenJiabao

PremieroftheStateCouncil各位代表，

FellowDeputies,

現(xiàn)在，我代表國務(wù)院向大會作政府工作報(bào)告，請予審議，并請全國政協(xié)各位委員提出意見。

OnbehalfoftheStateCouncil,Inowpresenttoyoumyreportontheworkofthegovernmentforyourdeliberationandapproval.IalsoinvitethemembersoftheNationalCommitteeoftheChinesePeople'sPoliticalConsultativeConference(CPPCC)toprovidecommentsandsuggestions.

一、2009年工作回顧貸快速增長，提高貨幣政策的可持續(xù)性，擴(kuò)大直接融資規(guī)模，滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的資金需求，有效擴(kuò)大了內(nèi)需，很快扭轉(zhuǎn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)增速下滑趨勢。

1.Strengtheningandimprovingmacro-controlandpromotingsteadyandrapideconomicdevelopment.Wecarriedoutaproactivefiscalpolicyandamoderatelyeasymonetarypolicy.Wecomprehensivelyimplementedandconstantlyimprovedthepackageplanforaddressingtheglobalfinancialcrisis.Wesignificantlyincreasedgovernmentspending,implementedstructuraltaxreductions,rapidlyincreasedsuppliesofmoneyandcredit,madeourmonetarypolicymoresustainable,andincreasedtheamountofdirectfinancing.Wethusensuredfundingforeconomicandsocialdevelopment,effectivelyboosteddomesticdemand,andquicklyreversedtheslowdownineconomicgrowth.

著力擴(kuò)大居民消費(fèi)。我們鼓勵(lì)消費(fèi)的政策領(lǐng)域之寬、力度之大、受惠面之廣前所未有。中央財(cái)政投入資金450億元，補(bǔ)貼家電汽車摩托車下鄉(xiāng)、汽車家電以舊換新和農(nóng)機(jī)具購置。減半征收小排量汽車購置稅，減免住房交易相關(guān)稅收，支持自住性住房消費(fèi)。全年汽車銷售1364萬輛，增長46.2%；商品房銷售9.37億平方米，增長42.1%；社會消費(fèi)品零售總額實(shí)際增長16.9%，消費(fèi)對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的拉動作用明顯增強(qiáng)。

Wevigorouslyexpandedconsumerspending.Ourpoliciestoencourageconsumptioncoveredmoreareas,werestrongerandbenefitedmorepeoplethaneverbefore.Thecentralgovernmentprovided45billionyuaninsubsidiesforruralresidentstopurchasehomeappliancesandmotorvehicles,includingmotorbikes.Partofthesubsidiesalsosupportedtrading-inoldmotorvehiclesandhomeappliancesfornewonesandpurchasingagriculturalmachineryandtools.Wehalvedthepurchasetaxonsmall-displacementautomobiles.Wereducedorexemptedtaxesonbuyingandsellinghomestosupportthepurchaseofhomestobeusedastheirowners'residences.Throughouttheyear13.64millionmotorvehiclesweresold,anincreaseof46.2%;commodityhousingsalesamountedto937millionsquaremeters,up42.1%;andtotalretailsalesofconsumergoodsincreased16.9%inrealterms:Consumptionplayedamuchbiggerroleinfuelingeconomicgrowth.

促進(jìn)投資快速增長。我們發(fā)揮政府投資“四兩撥千斤”的作用，引導(dǎo)帶動社會投資。實(shí)施兩年新增4萬億元的投資計(jì)劃。2009年中央政府公共投資9243億元，比上年預(yù)算增加5038億元，其中，保障性住房、農(nóng)村民生工程、社會事業(yè)投資占44%，自主創(chuàng)新、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)建設(shè)占16%，重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)占23%，災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建占14%。全社會固定資產(chǎn)投資增長30.1%，投資結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化。投資快速增長有效彌補(bǔ)了外需下降的缺口，加強(qiáng)了薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

Wepromotedrapidgrowthininvestment.Weguidedandstimulatednon-governmentinvestmentbymeansofwell-leveragedgovernmentinvestment.Weimplementedaplantoinvestanadditional4trillionyuanovertwoyears.In2009,thecentralgovernment'spublicinvestmentwas924.3billionyuan,503.8billionyuanmorethaninthepreviousyear'sbudget.Ofthis,44%wasinvestedin.low-incomehousing,projectstoimprovethewellbeingofruralresidents,andsocialprograms;16%inindependentinnovation,restructuring,energyconservation,emissionsreductions,andecologicalimprovement;23%inmajorinfrastructureprojects;and14%inpost-Wenchuanearthquakerecoveryandreconstruction.Fixedassetinvestmentincreased.30.1%nationwide.Wefurtherimprovedtheinvestmentstructure.Rapidinvestmentgrowtheffectivelycompensatedfortheshortfallcreatedbyshrinkingexternaldemand,strengthenedweaklinks,andlaidasolidfoundationforlong-termeconomicandsocialdevelopment

我們加快推進(jìn)汶川地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建，重災(zāi)區(qū)已完成投資6545億元，占規(guī)劃總投資的65.5%。國家的大力支持，全國人民的無私援助，災(zāi)區(qū)群眾的艱苦奮斗，使遭受重大創(chuàng)傷的災(zāi)區(qū)呈現(xiàn)出嶄新面貌。一座座新城拔地而起，一個(gè)個(gè)村莊煥發(fā)出蓬勃生機(jī)。這充分體現(xiàn)了中華民族的無疆大愛，有力彰顯了社會主義制度的無比優(yōu)越。

Weacceleratedthepost-Wenchuanearthquakerecoveryandreconstructionwork.Wehavealreadyinvested654.5billionyuan,65.5%ofthetotalplannedinvestment,intheworsthitareas.Thankstothegovernment'sstrongsupport,theselflessassistanceofpeoplethroughoutthecountry,andthehardworkofresidentsoftheearthquakearea,thebadlydamagedareashavetakenonabrand-newappearance,withnewtownsrisingstraightoutoftheground,andvillagesbrimmingwithvitality.AllthisfullyreflectstheboundlessloveoftheChinesenationandpowerfullydemonstratestheincomparablesuperiorityofthesocialistsystem.

（二）大力調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)，夯實(shí)長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)。我們把保增長與調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)緊密結(jié)合起來，加快解決制約經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾。

2.Vigorouslycarryingouteconomicrestructuring,andshoringupthefoundationforlong-termdevelopment.Wecloselyintegratedsustainingeconomicgrowthwitheconomicrestructuring,andmovedmorequicklytoresolvestructuralproblemslimitingeconomicdevelopment.

“三農(nóng)”工作進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。中央財(cái)政用于“三農(nóng)”的支出7253億元，增長21.8%。大幅度提高糧食最低收購價(jià)。啟動實(shí)施全國新增千億斤糧食生產(chǎn)能力建設(shè)規(guī)劃。繼續(xù)改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件，農(nóng)村飲水安全工程使6069萬農(nóng)民受益，新增510萬沼氣用戶，新建和改造農(nóng)村公路38萬公里、農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)線路26.6萬公里，又有80萬戶農(nóng)村危房得到改造，9.2萬戶游牧民實(shí)現(xiàn)了定居。我們加大扶貧力度，貧困地區(qū)的生產(chǎn)生活條件得到明顯改善。

Wefurtherstrengthenedtheworkrelatedtoagriculture,ruralareas,andfarmers.Thecentralgovernmentused725.3billionyuantosupportagriculture,ruralareas,andfarmers,anincreaseof21.8%.Weraisedtheminimumgrainpurchasepricesbyalargemargin.Webeganimplementationof'theplantoincreasegrainproductioncapacityby50milliontonsnationwide.Wecontinuedtoimprovelivingandworkingconditionsinruralareas.Weimplementedruraldrinkingwatersafetyprojectsthatbenefited60.69millionpeople,increasedthenumberofmethanegasusersby5.1.million,builtandupgraded380,000kilometersofroadsand266,000kilometersofelectricpowerlinesandrenovated800,000dilapidatedhousesinthecountryside,andhelpedbuildpermanenthousingfor92,000nomadicfamilies.Wealsointensifiedoureffortstofightpoverty.Asaresult,workingandlivingconditionsnotablyimprovedinpoverty-strickenareas.

產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整力度加大。制定并實(shí)施十大重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整振興規(guī)劃。鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)加快技術(shù)改造，安排200億元技改專項(xiàng)資金支持4441個(gè)技改項(xiàng)目。重點(diǎn)行業(yè)兼并重組取得新進(jìn)展。下大力氣抑制部分行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩和重復(fù)建設(shè)，關(guān)停小火電機(jī)組2617萬千瓦，淘汰落后的煉鋼產(chǎn)能1691萬噸、煉鐵產(chǎn)能2113萬噸、水泥產(chǎn)能7416萬噸、焦炭產(chǎn)能1809萬噸。加快實(shí)施國家科技重大專項(xiàng)，中央財(cái)政用于科技的支出1512億元，增長30%。積極支持自主創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品推廣應(yīng)用，清潔能源、第三代移動通信等一批新興產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展。大力加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，新建鐵路投入運(yùn)營5557公里，高速公路新建通車4719公里，城市軌道交通建設(shè)加快，新建、改擴(kuò)建民用機(jī)場35個(gè)；新增發(fā)電裝機(jī)8970萬千瓦，西氣東輸二線西段工程實(shí)現(xiàn)供氣，南水北調(diào)工程建設(shè)加快推進(jìn)，6183座病險(xiǎn)水庫除險(xiǎn)加固工程開工建設(shè)。

Weintensifiedindustrialrestructuring.Weformulatedandimplementedaplanforrestructuringandinvigoratingtenkeyindustries.Weencouragedenterprisestoacceleratetechnologicalupgrading,andprovided20billionyuantosupport4,441technologicalupgradingprojects.Furtherprogresswasmadeinmergersandreorganizationinkeyindustries.Wemadegreateffortstorestrictexcessproductioncapacityandredundantdevelopmentinsomeindustries.Wecloseddown26.17millionkilowattsofsmallthermalpowerstations,andeliminatedbackwardfacilitieswithtotalproductiontonsinthesteelmakingindustry,21.13milliontonsintheiron-smelting74.16milliontonsinthecementindustry,and18.09milliontonsinthecokeindustry.Weacceleratedtheimplementationofmajornationalscienceandtechnologyprojects，andspent151.2billionyuanofcentralgovernmentfundsonscienceandtechnology,anincreaseof30%.Wevigorouslysupportedthewidespreaduseofdomesticallyinnovatedproducts,andthedevelopmentofemergingindustriessuchascleanenergyandthird-generationmobilecommunications.Wevigorouslystrengthenedinfrastructuredevelopment;put5,557kilometersofnewlybuiltrailwaylinesintooperation;opened4,719kilometersofnewexpresswaystotraffic,acceleratedurbanraildevelopment;andbuilt,renovatedorexpanded35civilairports.Weincreasedtheinstalledpower-generatingcapacityby89.7millionkilowatts,begansupplyinggasthroughthewesternsectionofthesecondlineoftheprojectforshippingnaturalgasfromwesttoeast,acceleratedconstructionontheSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversionProject,andbeganreinforcing6,183dangerousreservoirs.

節(jié)能減排和環(huán)境保護(hù)扎實(shí)推進(jìn)。安排預(yù)算內(nèi)資金，支持重點(diǎn)節(jié)能工程、循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)等項(xiàng)目2983個(gè)；實(shí)施節(jié)能產(chǎn)品惠民工程，推廣節(jié)能空調(diào)500多萬臺、高效照明燈具1.5億只。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)林業(yè)重點(diǎn)生態(tài)工程建設(shè)，完成造林8827萬畝，森林覆蓋率達(dá)到20.36%。綜合治理水土流失面積4.8萬平方公里。加強(qiáng)"三河三湖"等重點(diǎn)流域水污染防治和工業(yè)廢水廢氣廢渣治理?！笆晃濉鼻八哪昀塾?jì)單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降14.38%，化學(xué)需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分別下降9.66%和13.14%。積極開展應(yīng)對氣候變化工作，明確提出2020年我國控制溫室氣體排放行動目標(biāo)和政策措施。氣象預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)警和地震監(jiān)測工作得到加強(qiáng)，災(zāi)害防御能力不斷提升。

Wemadesolidprogressinconservingenergy,reducingemissionsandprotectingtheenvironment.Wesupported2,983keyenergyconservationandrecyclingprojectsthroughbudgetaryinvestment.Weimplementedaprojecttopromoteenergy-efficientproductsforthebenefitofthepeople,puttingintousemorethan5millionenergy-savingair-conditionersand150millionenergy-efficientlightbulbs.Wecontinuedtodevelopkeyecologicalprojectsintheforestryindustry,andcompletedtheafforestationof5.88millionhectares,therebyraisingthepercentageoflandcoveredbyforestto20.36%.Throughcombinedmeasures,webroughtsoilerosionon48,000squarekilometersoflandundercontrol.WestrengthenedthepreventionandtreatmentofwaterpollutioninthekeywatershedsoftheHuai,Hai,andLiaoriversandTai,Chao,andDianchilakes,andimprovedthecontrolofwastewater,gasesandresiduesfromindustry.OverthefirstfouryearsoftheEleventhFive-YearPlanperiod,energyconsumptionperunitofGDPfell14.38%，andchemicaloxygendemandandsulfurdioxideemissionsdecreased9.66%and13.14%respectively.Wemadevigorouseffortstorespondtoclimatechange,andsetforthourcountry'stargets,policiesandmeasuresforcontrollinggreenhousegasemissionsby2020.Weimprovedourweatherforecastingandearlywarning;aswellasearthquakemonitoring,andconstantlyimprovedourdisasterpreventionandprotectioncapabilities.

區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展邁出新步伐。深入實(shí)施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，制定若干區(qū)域發(fā)展重大規(guī)劃和政策。中西部和東北地區(qū)加快開放開發(fā)，積極承接產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移，發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)不斷夯實(shí)；東部地區(qū)加快結(jié)構(gòu)和自主創(chuàng)新，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展活力增強(qiáng)。區(qū)域發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)布局改善、結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化、協(xié)調(diào)性提高的良好態(tài)勢。

Wetooknewstepsinbalancingdevelopmentbetweenregions.Wethoroughlyimplementedtheoverallstrategyforregionaldevelopment;andformulatedseveralmajorregionaldevelopmentplansandpolicies.ThecentralandwesternregionsandnortheastChinaacceleratedopeningupanddevelopment,welcomedindustriesrelocatedfromotherpartsofthecountry,andcontinuouslystrengthenedtheirfoundationfordevelopment.Theeasternregionacceleratedrestructuringandindependentinnovation,andthevitalityofitseconomicdevelopmentincreased.Afavorablesituationemergedinwhichregionaldevelopmentwasbetterdistributed,structuredandcoordinated.

（三）堅(jiān)持深化改革開放，不斷完善有利于科學(xué)發(fā)展的體制機(jī)制。我們把深化改革開放作為應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)的強(qiáng)大動力，努力消除體制障礙，不斷提高對外開放水平。

3.Steadfastlydeepeningreformandopeningup,andconstantlyimprovinginstitutionsandmechanismsconducivetodevelopingscientifically.Wedeepenedreformandopeninguptorespondmorepowerfullytotheglobalfinancialcrisis,workedhardtoremoveinstitutionalobstaclesandcontinuedtoopenwidertotheoutsideworld.

重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革加快推進(jìn)。增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型全面實(shí)施。成品油價(jià)格和稅費(fèi)改革順利推進(jìn)，新的成品油價(jià)格形成機(jī)制規(guī)范運(yùn)行。國家開發(fā)銀行商業(yè)化轉(zhuǎn)型和農(nóng)業(yè)銀行股份制改革扎實(shí)推進(jìn)，跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算試點(diǎn)啟動實(shí)施。創(chuàng)業(yè)板正式推出，為自主創(chuàng)新及其他成長型創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)開辟了新的融資渠道。地方政府機(jī)構(gòu)改革有序開展，事業(yè)單位分類改革試點(diǎn)穩(wěn)步進(jìn)行。集體林權(quán)制度改革全面推開，15億畝林地確權(quán)到戶，占全國集體林地面積的60%，這是繼土地家庭承包之后我國農(nóng)村經(jīng)營制度的又一重大變革。

Weacceleratedreforminkeyareasandlinks.WecomprehensivelycarriedoutVATreform.Thereformofthepricesofrefinedoilproductsandtaxesandfeesonthemwasimplementedsmoothly,andanewmechanismforpricingthemworkedwell.WemadesolidprogressincommercializingtheChinaDevelopmentBankandintroducingthejointstocksystemintheAgriculturalBankofChina,andlaunchedapilotprojecttousetherenminbiasthesettlementcurrencyforcross-bordertrade.TheChiNextstockmarketwasofficiallylaunched,whichopenedanewfinancingchannelforenterprisesbasedonindependentinnovationandothergrowthenterprises.Weproceededwiththereformoflocalgovernmentdepartmentsinanorderlymanner,andsteadilycarriedoutatrialofreforminginstitutionsbytype.Wecomprehensivelylaunchedthereformoftenureincollectiveforests.Wedevolvedtenurein100millionhectaresofforestlandtoruralhouseholds,equaling60%ofthecountry'stotalareaofcollectiveforests.ThisisanothermajorreformofChina'sruraloperationsystem,andfollowsinthefootstepsofthehouseholdlandcontractresponsibilitysystem.

開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)水平不斷提高。出臺一系列穩(wěn)定外需的政策措施，采取符合國際慣例的方式支持出口企業(yè)，完成短期出口信用保險(xiǎn)承保900億美元，安排421億美元大型成套設(shè)備出口融資保險(xiǎn)。鼓勵(lì)增加進(jìn)口。去年下半年開始進(jìn)出口降幅明顯收窄，國際市場份額得到鞏固，全年進(jìn)出口總額2.2萬億美元。扭轉(zhuǎn)利用外資下降局面，全年實(shí)際利用外商直接投資900億美元。企業(yè)“走出去”逆勢上揚(yáng)，非金融類對外直接投資和對外工程承包營業(yè)額分別達(dá)433億美元和777億美元。積極參與國際宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策對話協(xié)調(diào)和經(jīng)貿(mào)金融合作，在共同應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)中發(fā)揮了建設(shè)性作用。

Weconstantlyraisedtheleveloftheopeneconomy.Weintroducedpoliciesandmeasurestostabilizeforeigndemand,adoptedmethodsthatconformtointernationalpracticestosupportexportcompanies,completedtheissuanceofshort-termexportcreditinsuranceworthUS$90billion,andarranged$42.1billionofexportfinancinginsuranceforcompletesetsoflargeequipment.Weencouragedincreasesinimports:Sincethesecondhalfoflastyear;fallsinimportsandexportshaveclearlyeased,andwehaveconsolidatedourshareofinternationalmarkets.Lastyearimportsandexportstotaled$2.2trillion.Wereversedthedeclineinutilizedforeigninvestment,andactualutilizedforeigndirectinvestmentamountedto$90billionfortheentireyear.Moreenterprises"wentglobal"inspiteoftheadversesituation;non-financialoutwarddirectinvestmentamountedto$43.3billion,andreceiptsfromoverseasprojectcontractingoperationsreached$77.7billion.Weactivelyparticipatedininternationalmacroeconomicpolicydialogueandcoordinationaswellaseconomic,tradeandfinancialcooperation,andplayedaconstructiveroleinthejointresponsetotheglobalfinancialcrisis.

（四）著力改善民生，加快發(fā)展社會事業(yè)。在應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)的困難情況下，我們更加注重保障和改善民生，切實(shí)解決人民群眾最關(guān)心、最直接、最現(xiàn)實(shí)的利益問題。

4.Strivingtoimprovepeople'swellbeingandacceleratingthedevelopmentofsocialprograms.Inthedifficultcircumstancesofrespondingtotheglobalfinancialcrisis,wegavegreaterprioritytoensuringandimprovingpeople'swellbeingandeffectivelysolvedthemostpracticalproblemsofthegreatestandmostdirectconcerntothepeople.

實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。強(qiáng)化政府促進(jìn)就業(yè)的責(zé)任。中央財(cái)政安排就業(yè)專項(xiàng)資金426億元，比上年增長59%。實(shí)施困難企業(yè)緩繳社會保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)或降低部分費(fèi)率、再就業(yè)稅收減免及提供相關(guān)補(bǔ)貼等政策，鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)穩(wěn)定和增加就業(yè)。開展系列就業(yè)服務(wù)活動，多渠道開辟公益性就業(yè)崗位，促進(jìn)高校畢業(yè)生到基層就業(yè)、應(yīng)征入伍和到企事業(yè)單位就業(yè)見習(xí)。全年組織2100萬城鄉(xiāng)勞動者參加職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。這些措施促進(jìn)了就業(yè)的基本穩(wěn)定。

Weimplementedamoreactiveemploymentpolicy.Weincreasedtheresponsibilityofthegovernmentforstimulatingemployment.Thecentralgovernmentallocated42.6billionyuaninspecialemploymentfunds,anincreaseof59%.Fordistressedenterprises,wepostponedandinsomecasesreducedtheirpaymentofsocialsecuritycontributions.Wealsoreducedorexemptedreemploymenttaxandprovidedrelatedsubsidiestoencourageenterprisestomaintainorincreasetheirlevelsofemployment.Welaunchedaseriesofemploymentserviceactivities,createdpublic-servicejobsthroughmultiplechannels,andencouragedcollegegraduatestotakejobsattheprimarylevel,enlistinthearmy,orjoinenterprisesandinstitutionsasinterns.Weprovidedjobtrainingfor21millionurbanandruralworkers.Thesemeasureshelpedbringaboutbasicemploymentstability.

加快完善社會保障體系。普遍建立養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)省級統(tǒng)籌制度，出臺包括農(nóng)民工在內(nèi)的城鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)職工養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)辦法。在320個(gè)縣開展新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)，推動我國社會保障制度建設(shè)邁出歷史性步伐。中央財(cái)政安排社會保障資金2906億元，比上年增長16.6%。企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金連續(xù)5年增加，去年又人均提高10%。農(nóng)村五保戶供養(yǎng)水平、優(yōu)撫對象撫恤補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、城鄉(xiāng)低保對象保障水平都有新的提高。中央財(cái)政安排保障性安居工程補(bǔ)助資金551億元，比上年增長2倍。新建、改擴(kuò)建各類保障性住房200萬套，棚戶區(qū)改造解決住房130萬套。全國社會保障基金積累6927億元，比上年增長44.2%。社會保障體系得到加強(qiáng)。

Weacceleratedimprovementsinthesocialsecuritysystem.Weestablishedanationwidepensionplanningsystemattheprovinciallevel,andintroducedamethodfortransferringpensionaccountsforworkersofurbanenterprises,someofwhomareruralmigrantworkers.Welaunchedapilotprojectforanewruralpensioninsurancesystemin320counties-ahistoricstepforwardinthedevelopmentofChina'ssocialsecuritysystem.Thecentralgovernmentallocated290.6billionyuaninsocialsecurityfunds,anincreaseof16.6%.Pensionsforenterpriseretireesincreasedforthefifthconsecutiveyearandregisteredanother10%riseperperson.Weprovidedbettercareforchildlessandinfirmruralresidentsreceivingguaranteesoffood,clothing,medicalcare,housingandburialexpenses.Weincreasedsubsidiesforentitledgroupsandsubsistenceallowancesforbothurbanandruralrecipients.Thecentralgovernmentused55.1billionyuantodeveloplow-incomehousingprojects,atwo-foldincreaseoverthepreviousyear.Webuilt,renovatedorexpanded2millionlow-incomehousingunitsofvarioustypes,andrenovatedorbuilt1:3millionhousingunitsinrun-downareas.Nationwide,socialsecurityfundsreached692.'7billionyuan,anincreaseof44.2%.Westrengthenedthesocialsecuritysystem.

進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)教育公平。大幅度增加全國教育支出，其中中央財(cái)政支出1981億元，比上年增長23.6%。全面落實(shí)城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育政策，中央下達(dá)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)666億元，提前一年實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村中小學(xué)生人均公用經(jīng)費(fèi)500元和300元的目標(biāo)。實(shí)行義務(wù)教育階段教師績效工資制度。中等職業(yè)學(xué)校農(nóng)村家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生和涉農(nóng)專業(yè)學(xué)生免學(xué)費(fèi)政策開始實(shí)施。國家助學(xué)制度不斷完善，資助學(xué)生2871萬人，基本保障了困難家庭的孩子不因貧困而失學(xué)。

Wemadeeducationmoreequitable.Weincreasededucationspendingnationwidesignificantly,includingcentralgovernmentspendingof198.1billionyuan,anincreaseof23.6%.Wecomprehensivelyimplementedtheurbanandruralcompulsoryeducationpolicy,spent66.6billionyuanofcentralgovernmentfundsonruralcompulsoryeducation,andreachedthetargetofraisingpublicspendingforruralsecondaryandprimaryschoolstudentstoanaverageof500yuanand300yuanperstudentrespectivelyayearaheadofschedule.Weimplementedaperformance-basedpaysystemforcompulsoryeducationteachers.Westartedtoimplementthepolicyoffreetuitionforruralstudentsattendingsecondaryvocationalschoolswhosefamilieshavefinancialdifficultiesandstudentsinsuchschoolswhoarestudyingagriculture-relatedmajors.Weconstantlyimprovedthenationalstudentfinancialaidsystem;whichbenefited28.71millionstudentsandbasicallyensuredthatnochildrenfrompoorfamiliesweredeniedschoolingduetofinancialdifficulties.

穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。組織實(shí)施醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革。中央財(cái)政醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生支出1277億元，比上年增長49.5%。城鎮(zhèn)職工和城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)參保4.01億人，新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度覆蓋8.3億人。中央財(cái)政安排429億元，解決關(guān)閉破產(chǎn)國有企業(yè)退休人員醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)問題?；舅幬镏贫仍?0％的基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)施。中央財(cái)政支持建設(shè)了一批縣級醫(yī)院、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)中心衛(wèi)生院和社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心。啟動實(shí)施擴(kuò)大乙肝疫苗接種等重大公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)專項(xiàng)。加強(qiáng)食品、藥品安全專項(xiàng)整治。面對突如其來的甲型HlN1流感疫情，我們依法科學(xué)有序地開展防控工作，有效保障了人民群眾生命安全，維護(hù)了社會正常秩序。

Wemadesteadyprogressinthereformanddevelopmentofthepharmaceuticalandhealthcarefields.Weorganizedtheimplementationofthereformofthepharmaceuticalandhealthcaresystems.Thecentralgovernmentspent127.7billionyuanonmedicalandhealthcare,anincreaseof49.5%.Atotalof401millionurbanworkersandnon-workingurbanresidentssubscribedtobasicmedicalinsurance;andcoverageofthenewtypeofruralcooperativemedicalcaresystemreached$30millionpeople.Thecentralgovernmentallocated42.9billionyuantosolvetheproblemofmedicalinsuranceforretiredworkersfromclosedandbankruptstate-ownedenterprises.Thebasicdrugsystemhasbeenimplementedin30%ofprimary-levelmedicalandhealthcareinstitutions.Centralgovernmentfundswereusedtosupporttheconstructionofanumberofcounty-levelhospitals,townandtownshipcentralhospitals,andcommunityhealthservicecenters.Welaunchedmajorpublichealthserviceprojects,includingonetoincreasevaccinationsagainsthepatitisB.Weintensifiedspecialcampaignsforfoodanddrugsafety.FacedwiththesuddenoutbreakofinfluenzaA(H1N1),wecarriedoutscientificandorderlypreventionandcontrolworkinaccordancewiththelaw,andtherebyeffectivelyprotectedpeople'slivesandmaintainednormalorderinsociety.

在國際金融危機(jī)嚴(yán)重沖擊、世界經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)增長的背景下，我國取得這樣的成績極為不易。這是以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央統(tǒng)攬全局、正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民和衷共濟(jì)、團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗的結(jié)果。在這里，我代表國務(wù)院，向全國各族人民，各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，表示誠摯的感謝！向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯的感謝！向關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯的感謝！

Itwasnotatalleasyforourcountrytomakealltheseachievementsagainstthebackdropofthesevereimpactoftheglobalfinancialcrisisandthenegativegrowthoftheworldeconomy:TheyweretheresultoftheoverallplanningandcorrectleadershipofthePartyCentralCommitteewithComradeHuJintaoasGeneralSecretaryaswellastheconcertedandstrenuouseffortsofthewholeParty,theentirearmy,andthepeopleofallofourethnicgroups.OnbehalfoftheMateCouncil,Iherebyexpressoursinceregratitudetothepeopleofallofourethnicgroupsandtothedemocraticparties,massorganizations,andpeoplefromallsectorsofsociety.IalsoexpressoursincerethankstoourcompatriotsintheHongKongandMacaospecialadministrativeregions,inTaiwan,andoverseas,aswellastoforeigngovernments,internationalorganizations,andfriendsinothercountriesthattakeaninterestinandsupportChina'smodernization.

一年來，我們認(rèn)真貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，積極應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)，全面做好政府工作，有以下幾點(diǎn)體會：必須堅(jiān)持運(yùn)用市場機(jī)制和宏觀調(diào)控兩種手段，在堅(jiān)持市場經(jīng)濟(jì)改革方向、發(fā)揮市場配置資源基礎(chǔ)性作用、激發(fā)市場活力的同時(shí)，充分發(fā)揮我國社會主義制度決策高效、組織有力、集中力量辦大事的優(yōu)勢。必須堅(jiān)持處理好短期和長期兩方面關(guān)系，注重遠(yuǎn)近結(jié)合、標(biāo)本兼治，既克服短期困難、解決突出矛盾，又加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和薄弱環(huán)節(jié)、為長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展奠定基礎(chǔ)。必須堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)國際兩個(gè)大局，把擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需作為長期戰(zhàn)略方針，堅(jiān)定不移地實(shí)行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略，加快形成內(nèi)需外需協(xié)調(diào)拉動經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的格局。必須堅(jiān)持發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)與改善民生、維護(hù)社會公平正義的內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一，圍繞改善民生謀發(fā)展，把改善民生作為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的出發(fā)點(diǎn)、落腳點(diǎn)和持久動力，著眼維護(hù)公平正義，讓全體人民共享改革發(fā)展成果，促進(jìn)社會和諧穩(wěn)定。必須堅(jiān)持發(fā)揮中央和地方兩個(gè)積極性，既強(qiáng)調(diào)統(tǒng)一思想、顧全大局，又鼓勵(lì)因地制宜、探索創(chuàng)新，形