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2022年高考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練
熱點(diǎn)19知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)及保護(hù)的重要性
一、閱讀理解
1
Intellectualproperly(IP)isaproductofthemindthathascommercialvalue.Theconceptdatesbackto1623
whenthefirstpatentlawtoprotectIPsightswaspassed.IPrightsprotecttheartistfromhavinghis/hercreative
ideascopiedbyanother.Forexample,ifsomebodygeneratedanideaforanovel,thatideaisprotectedbyIPrights.
Ifsomeoneelsewishestorepresenttheideaordevelopitfurther,he/shemustconsulttheoriginalartists,whowill
normallyberewardedfinanciallyforitsuse.Backinthe17,hcentury,IPrightswereprimarilycarriedouttoprotect
newlydevelopedmanufacturingprocessesagainststealing.Buttoday,intellectualpropertyrights,arealsoenjoyed
bythosewhocreativemusic,artandliterature.
Inrecentyears,IPrightshavebeenthefocusofagreatdealofdiscussionbecauseofatechnologywhichlooks
settoweakenthemaltogether;theInternet.Manyyearsago,ifyouwantedarecordingofasong,youwouldhave
topurchaseitfromamusicstore;ifanovel,formabookstore.Inthosedays,IPrightswereeasilyprotectedsince
itwasverydifficulttoobtainintellectualpropertywithoutpayingforit.However,alotofIP,includingsongs,films,
booksandartwork,canbedownloadedtodayfreeofchargeusingtheInternet.Thispracticehasnowtakenthe
worldbystorm,dramaticallyaffectingthewayinwhichweviewIPrights.
1.Accordingtothewriter,inthebeginning,Ifrightsweremainlyofuseto.
A.thosecreatingmusic,artandliterature
B.novelists
C.engineersandinventors
D.thosenotreceivingfinancialrewardfortheirwork
2.Whatdoweknowabouttheinternetaccordingtothepassage?
A.ItmakesIPrightshardertoprotect.
B.Itsellssongsandfilms.
C.ItdoesnotaffectthewayweunderstandIPrights.
D.Itpreventstheproductionofartwork.
3.Accordingtoparagraph2,whathas“takentheworldbystorm”?
A.Intellectualpropertyrights.
B.TheInternet.
C.Freedownloading
D.Thelargenumberofsongs,filmsandbooks.
4.Apossibletitleforthispassagecouldbe.
A.AHistoryofIPRightsB.WaystoProtectYourIPRights.
C.ThePresentandtheFutureOfIPD.IPRightsandOurAttitudes
2
Therehavealwaysbeenlawsagainstcopyingotherpeople'sideas.However,whencopyingwasonlylimited
tocopyingsomethingbyhand,problemsweresolvedeasily.Thesolutionwasalwaysthedestructionorremovalof
thecopy.Nowadays,theriseoftheInternethasmadetheissueofintellectualproperty(知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán))more
complicated.
Almosteverybitofinformationcanbecutandpasted(粘貼)withafewclicksofamouse.Manyartforms
suchaswritings,films,andmusicneednewprotectiontoensurethatpeopledonotsimplytransferthemtorfree.
Onlineillegalcopyinghasbeenblamedforahugereductioninthesalesofmanyrecordsbecauseitishardto
convincepeopletobuysomethingthattheycangetforfree.Eventheideasbehindtraditionalgames,suchas
Scrabble,havebeenusedwithouttheowners5permission.
Oldlawshavebeenstrugglingtokeepup.Whilemusiccompanieshavebeensuccessfulinpersuadingcourts
thatactionshouldbetakenagainstpeoplewhoillegallydownloadmusic,thelawisdifficulttocarryout.
Furthermore,intellectualpropertyrightsvarywidelyfromcountrytocountry,soit'supfordebatewhichlaws
apply.Finally,thereisthefactthatmanypeoplesimplydonotseetheactastheft(盜竊),sinceoncetheworkhas
beendigitizedthereisnoclearphysicalobjecttostealinthefirstplace.
Alloftheseissuesmeanthatcompaniesinvolvedwithintellectualproperty——ideasoreasilydigitized
information-arefightingdesperatelytogetpeopletopayfortheinformationtheyuse,ratherthanpayingforan
objectlikeaCDthattheyuse.Whilethecompanieshavesometimesbeensuccessful,thepracticalbarrierstofull
protectionseeminsurmountable.
Finally,allthatconcernedpartiescandoishopethattheirfewsuccessesscareoffothersandtrytofindnew
waysofmakingmoney.
5.Whydowritings,films,andmusicneedprotection?
A.Theyareveryexpensive.
B.Theyareimpossibletocopy.
C.ItiseasytomakeCDs,books,andmovies.
D.Theyareeasilyabletobetransferredwhenindigitalform.
6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaproblemofcarryingoutintellectualpropertyrights?
A.Lawsarenotthesameinallcountries.
B.Peopledonotseecopyinginformationastheft.
C.Itisveryhardtocatchpeoplewhoarebreakingthelaw.
D.Internetserviceprovidersdonotwanttocooperatewiththepolice.
7.Theunderlinedword“insurmountable"inParagraph4means"
A.extremelyexpensiveB.impossibletoovercome
C.againstthelawD.hardtoprove
8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?
A.Musicandfilmswillbeunnecessaryinthefuture.
B.Newlawsarenecessarybutdifficulttoputintopractice.
C.TheInternetislikelytobecomemoreimportantinthefuture.
D.Lawsarejustawayforgreedycompaniestocontroltheirproducts.
3
CybercrimereferstoanycriminaloffencerelatedtotheInternet.Internetcrimeshavebeenclassifiedintofour
categories.First,theycanberelatedtoalackofproperInternetsecurity,suchasdownloadingordeletingother
people'sfileswithoutpermission,andspreadingcomputerviruses.Thesecondarecrimesusuallycommitted
withoutacomputer,butcanoccurovertheInternet.ForsomecriminalsusetheInternettocheatothersoftheir
money.Third,websiteswhichoffenseinformationorencouragehatredandviolencearenamed.Last,thereare
relatedtointellectualproperty(intellectualpropertyisadesign,patent,book,etc.lawpreventsotherpeoplefrom
copying).
AllInternetusersareaffectedbycybercrimeinonewayoranother.However,crimeagainstaprivate
organizationintheUSA,showedthat45.6percentofthe351biggestcompanygovernmentagencieshadhadtheir
securitysystemsbrokenintointhepreviousyear.Securityconsultantstellusthatcybercrimeiscostingfirms
worldwidehundredsofbillionsofdollarsevery.
Consideringhowbadthesituationwithcybercrimeagainstcompanieshasbecome,manypeoplewonderwhy
solittleisknownaboutthis.Themainreasonisthatmostcybercrimeisnotreported.Untilnow,mostcompanies
havebeenunwillingtoreportcasesofcybercrime.Theyfearthatbydoingso,theywilllosecustomers,whomay
thinkthatthecompanycannotprotecttheirconfidentialinformationortheirmoney.
Allofthisismademoredifficultbythelegalsituationregardingcybercrime.Cybercrimeissonewthatmany
governmentshavenotyetpassedlawsagainstit,andtherearemanyholesinthelegalsystems.Inaddition,most
countriesdonothavearrangementsfordealingwithsuspectsfromothercountrieswhomayhavecommitted
cybercrime.Thus,itisdifficulttocatchcriminalsofcybercrime.
Theonlyanswertothisproblemisinternationalcooperation.Governmentsmustjoinforcestokeepupwith
theadvancesintechnologyusedbythecriminals.Itisalsoimportanttodraftnewlawsandnegotiateinternational
standardsforfightingcybercrime.
9.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconsideredascybercrime?
A.Copyingothers'publicfiles.B.Creatingcomputervirus.
C.Sendinghatredwordstoafriend.D.Stealingfromonlinebanks.
10.Howdoestheauthorprovethatcybercrimeisworsetolargecompanies?
A.Bycomparingthechangingnumbers.B.Bylistingthesurveydata.
C.Byanalyzingtheheavyloss.D.Byaddingbackgroundinformation.
11.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“confidential“underlinedinParagraph3?
A.Legal.B.Valuable.C.Private.D.Correct.
12.Whatistheauthor'sadvicetopreventcybercrime
A.Countriesworktogetherfollowingthesamelaw.
B.Abroadcybercriminalsshouldbesentback.
C.Thelawyersshouldlearnmoreaboutlaws.
D.Thegovernmentshouldflowthelaw.
4
RoundandRoundTheyGo
Spaceisbecomingmorecrowded.OnDecember3,aFalcon9rocketmadebySpaceXthunderedintothesky.
Onboardwere64smallsatellites,morethananyAmericancompanyhadlaunchedbeforeinonego.Theyhavea
varietyofuses,fromspace-based-radartothemonitoringofradio-frequency-emissions.
Theseobjectsarepartofthelatestbreedoflow-Earth-orbit(LEO)satellites.Thislaunchisjusttasteofwhatis
planned.SpaceXandOneWeb,acommunicationsfirm,plantolaunchsatellitesintheirthousands,nothundreds.
Thepairaresettodoublethetotalnumberofsatellitesinorbitby2027.
ThatpromisestochangethingsdramaticallyonEarth.LEOsatellitescanbringinternetconnectivitytoplaces
whereitisstillunavailableorunaffordable.Thiswillalsobealastingsourceofnewdemandforthespaceeconomy.
MorganStanley,abank,projectsthatthespaceindustrywillgrowfrom$350billionin2016tomorethan$1.I
trillionby2040.Newinternetsatelliteswillaccountforahalfthisincrease.
Forthattohappen,however,threeworriesmustbeovercome.Debris(碎片)isthemostfamiliarconcern.As
longagoas1978,DonaldKessler,ascientistatNASA,proposedsituationinwhich,whenenoughsatelliteswere
packedintolow-Earthorbits,anycollisioncouldcauseachainreactionwhichwouldeventuallydestroyallspace
craftinitsorbitalplane(平面).ThesyndromewhichbearsMr.Kessler'snameweighsheavilyonthemindsof
executivesatthenewsatellitefirms.Debriscouldcauseentiretracts(廣闊的——片)ofspacetobeunusablefbr
decades.
Solutionsexist.OneistograbmalfunctionsatellitesandpullthemdownintoEarth'satmosphere.Anotheristo
monitorspacemoreintensivelyfbrdebris;aUSAirForceprogrammecalledSpaceFenceisduetostartin2019.
Buttechnologyisonlypartoftheanswer.Rulesareneededtogovernthesafedisposal。青除)ofoldsatellitesfrom
low-Earthorbit.TheUnitedStates'FederalCommunicationsCommissionisrevisingitsregulationswiththisin
mind.Othercountriesshouldfollowsuit.
Cyber-securityisasecond,long-standingworry.Hackerscouldtakecontrolofasatelliteandsealintellectual
property,redirectdataflowsorcauseacollision.Thesatelliteindustryhasbeenslowtorespondtosuchconcerns.
Butasmoreoftheworld'spopulationcomestorelyontheinfrastructureofspaceforaccesstotheinternet,the
needfbractionintensifies.
Thethirdissuefollowsfromthefirsttwo.Ifasimplemistakeoracyber-attackcancauseachainreaction
whichwipesouthundredsofbillionsofdollarsofinvestment,whoisliable?Underwriters(保險(xiǎn)商)arestudying
theplansoffirmsthatwishtooperatelargenumbersofsatellites.Butthereisalongwaytogobeforetherisksare
wellunderstood,letalonepriced.
Asspacebecomesmorecommercializedmind-bendingprospectsopenup:packagesmovedacrosstheplanet
inminutesbyrocketratherthanbyplane,equipmentsenttoothersmallplanets,passengerslaunchedintoorbitand
beyond.Allthatandmoremaycome,oneday.ButsuchactivitieswouldraisethesamequestionsasLEOsatellites
do.Theymustbeansweredbeforethespaceeconomycantrulydevelop.
13.WhatcanwelearnaboutLEOsatellitesfromthepassage?
A.Theyaresupposedtolimitthespaceeconomy.
B.Theyareexpectedtoincreaseinlargenumbers.
C.TheyaredesignedtomovebeyondtheEarthasfaraspossible.
D.Theyaremainlyintendedtobringinternetconnectivitytoremoteareas.
14.Todealwithdebrisinspace,theauthorsuggests.
A.dependingentirelyonthemoderntechnology
B.monitoringthemovementofspaceshipscarefully
C.strengtheningrulestoremoveoldsatellitessafely
D.destroyingallthesatelliteswithproblemsinstantly
15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intensify“inParagraph4probablymean?
A.Measure.B.Increase.C.Spread.D.Repeat.
16.Whichofthefollowingcanbeclassifiedasthethirdwoiry?
A.Lackofsatelliteregulations.
B.Lossofintellectualproperty.
C.Crisisofconfidenceinthefield.
D.Slowresponseofsatelliteindustry.
17.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthelaunchofLEOsatellites?
A.Itshouldbefurtherconfirmedforitsownership.
B.Itshouldbecontinuedbecauseofitsadvantages.
C.Itshouldbedonecarefullytoavoidpotentialrisks.
D.Itshouldbestoppedinfaceofthespaceeconomy.
5
Counlerfeit(假冒的)goods,orfalseversionsofproducts,maycostthegovernmentofKenyaasmuchas$1
billioneachyear.Thefakegoodsalsohurtbusinessownerswhofindithardtokeepcustomers.Butinformation
technologyisbeingusedtotrytostoptheproblem.JemimaMwafiguisa34-year-oldbusinesswomanwhosells
productslikeperfume.Butinthefirstyearofrunningherbusiness,shefoundithardtokeepcustomersbecauseof
counterfeitgoods.
Ms.Mwafigusaysherbusinesshasimprovedsinceshebeganusingasmartphoneapplicationcalled
Barcode(條碼)Scanner.Theappisusedtoauthenticate(驗(yàn)證)products.Itcheckstomakesuretheproductsare
notcounterfeit.
“WiththisapplicationI'mabletoscanthebarcodesofeachperfumeandinstantlyIgettheproductiondate,
theexpirationdateandI'mabletoknowthesafety/5shesays."Thatway,Ihaveconfidenceinsellingtomy
customers.”
In2010,KenyacreatedtheAnti-CounterfeitAgency,orACA,tofightagainstillegaltrade.TheACAhas
successfullyaskedgovernmentofficialsforstrongerpunishmentsforcounterfeiters.
AgnesKaringuistheagency'sactingdirectorforresearchandawareness.ShesaystheACAistryingtostay
onestepaheadofthosemakingfakegoods.
“WearealsolookingintoITsolutionswherewecanbeabletouseSMSprograms,barcodesandinformation
sharing,shesays."Theendusersoftheproductswillactuallybeabletogettheauthenticationinfbnnation,and
thisinformationcomesbacktoACAandintellectualpropertyrightsholders.,,
TheagencyistestinganotherprogramcalledAllvirtuous.Theapplicationisanotherwaytofindoutifa
productisrealornotbyscanningitsbarcode.Thebarcodeinformationissenttoadatabase.Thenaresultissent
backtotheapp.
TheInternationalChamberofCommerceisaglobalbusinessorganization.Itsaysthevalueofcounterfeit
goodsproducedaroundtheworldisexpectedtobemorethan$1.7trillion(萬億)thisyear.
18.What'sthemainputposeofthispassage?
A.Topersuadeustoresistcounterfeitgoods.
B.Toadviseustousephoneappswhilegoingshopping.
C.Toinformusthatphoneappscanhelpstopcounterfeiters'trade.
D.TotellusthatInformationTechnologyisdevelopingfast.
19.WhydidKenyacreateACA?
A.Toaskthegovernmenttopunishcounterfeiters.B.lbdealwithillegaltrade.
C.Toraisepeople'sawarenessofcounterfeitgoods.D.TolookintoITsolutions.
20.Theunderlinedphrase"expirationdate“inParagraph3meansthetimewhen.
A.theproductismadeB.theproductispacked
C.theproductisfirstoutofthefactoryD.theproductisunabletobeused
21.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
A.Thebusinessofcounterfeitgoodsisfallingoff.
B.Thevalueofcounterfeitgoodsislikelytobemorethan$1.7trillionthisyear.
C.Counterfeitgoodsmakeagreatcontributiontotheworldeconomy.
D.Measuresshouldbetakenimmediatelytopreventcounterfeitgoods.
二、完形填空
Thesecrettoasuccessful〃(續(xù)集)一asecret
Keepingtheentirecastandcrewofafilmasecretishard.Butwhenit'samassivemovielikeFantasticBeasts:
TheCrimesofGrindelwald,withsome700peopleand1,000costumes一including400coatsalone—it'snextto
22.Allprecautionsaretaken:charactersaregivencodenames,thesmallestdetailsareprotectedby
nondisclosureagreements,anddigitalscriptsareencodedand23afteracertainamountoftimeincaseof
beingcopiedandspread.Ifsnotquitemagic,butit'sclose.
Thepressuretonotrevealanything—even24—isenoughtogiveEddieRedmayneadifficulttime.
"I'vebeensentthisfunnydocumentwhichis25withdouble-caps,triple-underlinednotessaying,YOU
CAN'TTALKABOUTTHIS,^^saystheOscarwinner,whoreturnsaswizardNewtScamanderinthesequel,which
continuesthestoryoftheearlier26.Doesheevertellanyone?Heleansinandadmits,alittle27,
thathedoes:hiswife,HannahBagshawe.
Howhavetheysuccessfullykeptitasecret?ItcertainlyhelpsthatJ.K.Rowling,thewriterofthework,isthe
28ofkeepingsecrets.Shefamouslyclaimstohaveknowncrucialplotpointsfromherbest-sellingbookseries'
endgameyearsinadvance.Also,JohnnyDepp's29appearanceinthemovie-theactorhasbeenaccused
ofdomesticviolencebyhisex-wifeAmberHeard-asthedarkwizardGrindelwaldwaskeptunder30
untiljusttwoweeksbeforethefirstfilmcameoutin2016.
Bearingthiscommitmenttosecrecyinmind,it'snosurprisethatRowlinghas31thedetailstofew
peopleabouthowthe32threemoviesintheproposedfive-partserieswillplayout.EvenproducerTim
Lewis,whohasworkedoneightHarryPotterinstallments,is33.“Wehaven'tseenscriptsforthenext
one,^^hesays."IamassumingRowlingknowsthewholeplan,butIcouldn'tsay.”
Theearningsarehighenough:thefirstFantasticBeastsmoviereached$814million.That'sanumbermost
studioswould34,butwhenitcomestoHarryPotter,expectationsstartsky-high.Inaworldfilledwith
universesbasedonexistingintellectualproperty—StarWars,Marvel—appreciationfatigueisalwayspossible.But
fornow,theextremeenthusiasmshowsnosignof35:HarryPotterandtheCursedChild,aplaybasedon
anideabyRowling,isacriticalandcommercial36FortheBeastssequel,analystsarealreadypredictingan
openingweekendof$65millionto$75million.
22.A.uselessB.impossibleC.successfulD.critical
23.A.recoveredB.releasedC.deletedD.split
24.A.incontrolB.byaccidentC.forreferenceD.incase
25.A.coveredB.comparedC.armedD.furnished
26.A.commercialB.adaptationC.imaginationD.reputation
27.A.sadlyB.proudlyC.angrilyD.shyly
28.A.suspectB.counsellorC.masterD.pioneer
29.A.awfulB.debatableC.welcomedD.excellent
30.A.protectionB.wrapsC.investigationD.discussion
31.A.advertisedB.justifiedC.highlightedD.revealed
32.A.remainingB.enduringC.revealingD.threatening
33.A.inthedarkB.intheclearC.ontheairD.onthescene
34.A.sufferfromB.watchforC.dreamaboutD.lookinto
35.A.speedingupB.givingoffC.turningaroundD.dyingdown
36.A.innovationB.smashC.promotionD.chance
三、語法填空
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Chinahasbyfar37.largesthigh-speedrailwaynetworkintheworld.Itshigh-speedrailsystemstretches
over38,000kilometers,whichisalmostenough38.(circle)theearthonce,andisstillgrowing.Currentlyit39.
(make)up70percentoftheworld'shighspeedrailsystems.ThenetworkissoextensivethatnearlyallbigChinese
citiescanbereachedbyhigh-speedtrains.China'srailsystemalsooperatesinextremelocationssuchasonthe
plateauanddesertinnorthwesternChinaaswellasincitiesinsouthernChina,40.havea3-monthrainyseason
everyyear.
TheoveralldesignandcoretechnologiesoftheFuxinghigh-speedtrainwereindependentlydevelopedin
China,whichhasindependentintellectualpropertyrightsofthosedevelopments.Amongthe254important
standards,Chinesestandardsaccountfor84percent.Todate,China*shigh-speedrailproductsandtechnology4L
(export)tonearly100countriesandregionsonsixcontinents.
Toour42.(amaze),Chinahassetanewrecordbydevelopingand43.(build)theworld'sfirstlocomotive
prototype(機(jī)車原型)usinghigh-temperaturesuperconductingmagneticlevitationtechnology(HTSMaglev高溫超
導(dǎo)磁懸浮技術(shù))andthetrainswillrun44.(fast)thananyothertrainintheworldastheyhavebeendesignedto
run45.aspeedof620kilometersperhour."It'sbeen20yearsinthemaking.In2000,ourlabdevelopedasmall
prototypecarryingfivepeopleusingthistechnology.I'mthrilledtoseethatweareabletobuildthistocarryso
manypeoplein2021/'saidZhangJinkai,agraduatestudentfromSouthwestJiaotongUniversitywhohasbeen46.
(close)workingontheproject.
2022年高考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練
熱點(diǎn)19知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)及保護(hù)的重要性
一、閱讀理解
1
Intellectualproperly(IP)isaproductofthemindthathascommercialvalue.Theconceptdatesbackto1623
whenthefirstpatentlawtoprotectIPsightswaspassed.IPrightsprotecttheartistfromhavinghis/hercreative
ideascopiedbyanother.Forexample,ifsomebodygeneratedanideaforanovel,thatideaisprotectedbyIPrights.
Ifsomeoneelsewishestorepresenttheideaordevelopitfurther,he/shemustconsulttheoriginalartists,whowill
normallyberewardedfinanciallyforitsuse.Backinthe17,hcentury,IPrightswereprimarilycarriedouttoprotect
newlydevelopedmanufacturingprocessesagainststealing.Buttoday,intellectualpropertyrights,arealsoenjoyed
bythosewhocreativemusic,artandliterature.
Inrecentyears,IPrightshavebeenthefocusofagreatdealofdiscussionbecauseofatechnologywhichlooks
settoweakenthemaltogether;theInternet.Manyyearsago,ifyouwantedarecordingofasong,youwouldhave
topurchaseitfromamusicstore;ifanovel,formabookstore.Inthosedays,IPrightswereeasilyprotectedsince
itwasverydifficulttoobtainintellectualpropertywithoutpayingforit.However,alotofIP,includingsongs,films,
booksandartwork,canbedownloadedtodayfreeofchargeusingtheInternet.Thispracticehasnowtakenthe
worldbystorm,dramaticallyaffectingthewayinwhichweviewIPrights.
1.Accordingtothewriter,inthebeginning,Ifrightsweremainlyofuseto.
A.thosecreatingmusic,artandliterature
B.novelists
C.engineersandinventors
D.thosenotreceivingfinancialrewardfortheirwork
2.Whatdoweknowabouttheinternetaccordingtothepassage?
A.ItmakesIPrightshardertoprotect.
B.Itsellssongsandfilms.
C.ItdoesnotaffectthewayweunderstandIPrights.
D.Itpreventstheproductionofartwork.
3.Accordingtoparagraph2,whathas“takentheworldbystorm^^?
A.Intellectualpropertyrights.
B.TheInternet.
C.Freedownloading
D.Thelargenumberofsongs,filmsandbooks.
4.Apossibletitleforthispassagecouldbe.
A.AHistoryofIPRightsB.WaystoProtectYourIPRights.
C.ThePresentandtheFutureOfIPD.IPRightsandOurAttitudes
【答案】CACD
【解析】這是一篇介紹知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的文章,說明文文體。介紹了知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的過去和現(xiàn)在以及我們對(duì)待保護(hù)知
識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的態(tài)度。
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段最后一句可得知。A、B項(xiàng)是現(xiàn)在知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)的的對(duì)象,D項(xiàng)未提及.
2.推理判斷題。從第二段最后兩句可得知,在現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)社會(huì)里,許多擁有知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的東西可以在網(wǎng)上免費(fèi)
下載,這一慣例已經(jīng)在全世界掀起了一場大的風(fēng)暴,正極大地改變了人們對(duì)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的以往認(rèn)識(shí),使得知
識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)愈加困難。
3.推理判斷題。依據(jù)同上。
4.主旨大意題。A、C項(xiàng)都不全面,B項(xiàng)不是主要內(nèi)容,D項(xiàng)最能概括。
2
Therehavealwaysbeenlawsagainstcopyingotherpeople'sideas.However,whencopyingwasonlylimited
tocopyingsomethingbyhand,problemsweresolvedeasily.Thesolutionwasalwaysthedestructionorremovalof
thecopy.Nowadays,theriseoftheInternethasmadetheissueofintellectualproperty(知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán))more
complicated.
Almosteverybitofinformationcanbecutandpasted(粘貼)withafewclicksofamouse.Manyartforms
suchaswritings,films,andmusicneednewprotectiontoensurethatpeopledonotsimplytransferthemforfree.
Onlineillegalcopyinghasbeenblamedforahugereductioninthesalesofmanyrecordsbecauseitishardto
convincepeopletobuysomethingthattheycangetforfree.Eventheideasbehindtraditionalgames,suchas
Scrabble,havebeenusedwithouttheowners'permission.
Oldlawshavebeenstrugglingtokeepup.Whilemusiccompanieshavebeensuccessfulinpersuadingcourts
thatactionshouldbetakenagainstpeoplewhoillegallydownloadmusic,thelawisdifficulttocarryout.
Furthermore,intellectualpropertyrightsvarywidelyfromcountrytocountry,soit'supfordebatewhichlaws
apply.Finally,thereisthefactthatmanypeoplesimplydonotseetheactastheft(盜竊),sinceoncetheworkhas
beendigitizedthereisnoclearphysicalobjecttostealinthefirstplace.
Alloftheseissuesmeanthatcompaniesinvolvedwithintellectualproperty—ideasoreasilydigitized
information-arefightingdesperatelytogetpeopletopayfortheinformationtheyuse,ratherthanpayingforan
objectlikeaCDthattheyuse.Whilethecompanieshavesometimesbeensuccessful,thepracticalbarrierstofull
protectionseeminsunmeuntable.
Finally,allthatconcernedpartiescandoishopethattheirfewsuccessesscareoffothersandtrytofindnew
waysofmakingmoney.
5.Whydowritings,films,andmusicneedprotection?
A.Theyareveryexpensive.
B.Theyareimpossibletocopy.
C.ItiseasytomakeCDs,books,andmovies.
D.Theyareeasilyabletobetransferredwhenindigitalform.
6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaproblemofcarryingoutintellectualpropertyrights?
A.Lawsarenotthesameinallcountries.
B.Peopledonotseecopyinginformationastheft.
C.Itisveryhardtocatchpeoplewhoarebreakingthelaw.
D.Internetserviceprovidersdonotwanttocooperatewiththepolice.
7.Theunderlinedword“insurmountable"inParagraph4means"
A.extremelyexpensiveB.impossibletoovercome
C.againstthelaw
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