2022年高考英語時事熱點閱讀 熱點19 知識產(chǎn)權(quán)及保護的重要性（學(xué)生版+解析版）

2022年高考英語時事熱點閱讀專練

熱點19知識產(chǎn)權(quán)及保護的重要性

一、閱讀理解

1

Intellectualproperly(IP)isaproductofthemindthathascommercialvalue.Theconceptdatesbackto1623

whenthefirstpatentlawtoprotectIPsightswaspassed.IPrightsprotecttheartistfromhavinghis/hercreative

ideascopiedbyanother.Forexample,ifsomebodygeneratedanideaforanovel,thatideaisprotectedbyIPrights.

Ifsomeoneelsewishestorepresenttheideaordevelopitfurther,he/shemustconsulttheoriginalartists,whowill

normallyberewardedfinanciallyforitsuse.Backinthe17,hcentury,IPrightswereprimarilycarriedouttoprotect

newlydevelopedmanufacturingprocessesagainststealing.Buttoday,intellectualpropertyrights,arealsoenjoyed

bythosewhocreativemusic,artandliterature.

Inrecentyears,IPrightshavebeenthefocusofagreatdealofdiscussionbecauseofatechnologywhichlooks

settoweakenthemaltogether;theInternet.Manyyearsago,ifyouwantedarecordingofasong,youwouldhave

topurchaseitfromamusicstore;ifanovel,formabookstore.Inthosedays,IPrightswereeasilyprotectedsince

itwasverydifficulttoobtainintellectualpropertywithoutpayingforit.However,alotofIP,includingsongs,films,

booksandartwork,canbedownloadedtodayfreeofchargeusingtheInternet.Thispracticehasnowtakenthe

worldbystorm,dramaticallyaffectingthewayinwhichweviewIPrights.

1.Accordingtothewriter,inthebeginning,Ifrightsweremainlyofuseto.

A.thosecreatingmusic,artandliterature

B.novelists

C.engineersandinventors

D.thosenotreceivingfinancialrewardfortheirwork

2.Whatdoweknowabouttheinternetaccordingtothepassage?

A.ItmakesIPrightshardertoprotect.

B.Itsellssongsandfilms.

C.ItdoesnotaffectthewayweunderstandIPrights.

D.Itpreventstheproductionofartwork.

3.Accordingtoparagraph2,whathas“takentheworldbystorm”?

A.Intellectualpropertyrights.

B.TheInternet.

C.Freedownloading

D.Thelargenumberofsongs,filmsandbooks.

4.Apossibletitleforthispassagecouldbe.

A.AHistoryofIPRightsB.WaystoProtectYourIPRights.

C.ThePresentandtheFutureOfIPD.IPRightsandOurAttitudes

2

Therehavealwaysbeenlawsagainstcopyingotherpeople'sideas.However,whencopyingwasonlylimited

tocopyingsomethingbyhand,problemsweresolvedeasily.Thesolutionwasalwaysthedestructionorremovalof

thecopy.Nowadays,theriseoftheInternethasmadetheissueofintellectualproperty（知識產(chǎn)權(quán)）more

complicated.

Almosteverybitofinformationcanbecutandpasted（粘貼）withafewclicksofamouse.Manyartforms

suchaswritings,films,andmusicneednewprotectiontoensurethatpeopledonotsimplytransferthemtorfree.

Onlineillegalcopyinghasbeenblamedforahugereductioninthesalesofmanyrecordsbecauseitishardto

convincepeopletobuysomethingthattheycangetforfree.Eventheideasbehindtraditionalgames,suchas

Scrabble,havebeenusedwithouttheowners5permission.

Oldlawshavebeenstrugglingtokeepup.Whilemusiccompanieshavebeensuccessfulinpersuadingcourts

thatactionshouldbetakenagainstpeoplewhoillegallydownloadmusic,thelawisdifficulttocarryout.

Furthermore,intellectualpropertyrightsvarywidelyfromcountrytocountry,soit'supfordebatewhichlaws

apply.Finally,thereisthefactthatmanypeoplesimplydonotseetheactastheft（盜竊），sinceoncetheworkhas

beendigitizedthereisnoclearphysicalobjecttostealinthefirstplace.

Alloftheseissuesmeanthatcompaniesinvolvedwithintellectualproperty——ideasoreasilydigitized

information-arefightingdesperatelytogetpeopletopayfortheinformationtheyuse,ratherthanpayingforan

objectlikeaCDthattheyuse.Whilethecompanieshavesometimesbeensuccessful,thepracticalbarrierstofull

protectionseeminsurmountable.

Finally,allthatconcernedpartiescandoishopethattheirfewsuccessesscareoffothersandtrytofindnew

waysofmakingmoney.

5.Whydowritings,films,andmusicneedprotection?

A.Theyareveryexpensive.

B.Theyareimpossibletocopy.

C.ItiseasytomakeCDs,books,andmovies.

D.Theyareeasilyabletobetransferredwhenindigitalform.

6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaproblemofcarryingoutintellectualpropertyrights?

A.Lawsarenotthesameinallcountries.

B.Peopledonotseecopyinginformationastheft.

C.Itisveryhardtocatchpeoplewhoarebreakingthelaw.

D.Internetserviceprovidersdonotwanttocooperatewiththepolice.

7.Theunderlinedword“insurmountable"inParagraph4means"

A.extremelyexpensiveB.impossibletoovercome

C.againstthelawD.hardtoprove

8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?

A.Musicandfilmswillbeunnecessaryinthefuture.

B.Newlawsarenecessarybutdifficulttoputintopractice.

C.TheInternetislikelytobecomemoreimportantinthefuture.

D.Lawsarejustawayforgreedycompaniestocontroltheirproducts.

3

CybercrimereferstoanycriminaloffencerelatedtotheInternet.Internetcrimeshavebeenclassifiedintofour

categories.First,theycanberelatedtoalackofproperInternetsecurity,suchasdownloadingordeletingother

people'sfileswithoutpermission,andspreadingcomputerviruses.Thesecondarecrimesusuallycommitted

withoutacomputer,butcanoccurovertheInternet.ForsomecriminalsusetheInternettocheatothersoftheir

money.Third,websiteswhichoffenseinformationorencouragehatredandviolencearenamed.Last,thereare

relatedtointellectualproperty(intellectualpropertyisadesign,patent,book,etc.lawpreventsotherpeoplefrom

copying).

AllInternetusersareaffectedbycybercrimeinonewayoranother.However,crimeagainstaprivate

organizationintheUSA,showedthat45.6percentofthe351biggestcompanygovernmentagencieshadhadtheir

securitysystemsbrokenintointhepreviousyear.Securityconsultantstellusthatcybercrimeiscostingfirms

worldwidehundredsofbillionsofdollarsevery.

Consideringhowbadthesituationwithcybercrimeagainstcompanieshasbecome,manypeoplewonderwhy

solittleisknownaboutthis.Themainreasonisthatmostcybercrimeisnotreported.Untilnow,mostcompanies

havebeenunwillingtoreportcasesofcybercrime.Theyfearthatbydoingso,theywilllosecustomers,whomay

thinkthatthecompanycannotprotecttheirconfidentialinformationortheirmoney.

Allofthisismademoredifficultbythelegalsituationregardingcybercrime.Cybercrimeissonewthatmany

governmentshavenotyetpassedlawsagainstit,andtherearemanyholesinthelegalsystems.Inaddition,most

countriesdonothavearrangementsfordealingwithsuspectsfromothercountrieswhomayhavecommitted

cybercrime.Thus,itisdifficulttocatchcriminalsofcybercrime.

Theonlyanswertothisproblemisinternationalcooperation.Governmentsmustjoinforcestokeepupwith

theadvancesintechnologyusedbythecriminals.Itisalsoimportanttodraftnewlawsandnegotiateinternational

standardsforfightingcybercrime.

9.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconsideredascybercrime?

A.Copyingothers'publicfiles.B.Creatingcomputervirus.

C.Sendinghatredwordstoafriend.D.Stealingfromonlinebanks.

10.Howdoestheauthorprovethatcybercrimeisworsetolargecompanies?

A.Bycomparingthechangingnumbers.B.Bylistingthesurveydata.

C.Byanalyzingtheheavyloss.D.Byaddingbackgroundinformation.

11.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“confidential“underlinedinParagraph3?

A.Legal.B.Valuable.C.Private.D.Correct.

12.Whatistheauthor'sadvicetopreventcybercrime

A.Countriesworktogetherfollowingthesamelaw.

B.Abroadcybercriminalsshouldbesentback.

C.Thelawyersshouldlearnmoreaboutlaws.

D.Thegovernmentshouldflowthelaw.

4

RoundandRoundTheyGo

Spaceisbecomingmorecrowded.OnDecember3,aFalcon9rocketmadebySpaceXthunderedintothesky.

Onboardwere64smallsatellites,morethananyAmericancompanyhadlaunchedbeforeinonego.Theyhavea

varietyofuses,fromspace-based-radartothemonitoringofradio-frequency-emissions.

Theseobjectsarepartofthelatestbreedoflow-Earth-orbit(LEO)satellites.Thislaunchisjusttasteofwhatis

planned.SpaceXandOneWeb,acommunicationsfirm,plantolaunchsatellitesintheirthousands,nothundreds.

Thepairaresettodoublethetotalnumberofsatellitesinorbitby2027.

ThatpromisestochangethingsdramaticallyonEarth.LEOsatellitescanbringinternetconnectivitytoplaces

whereitisstillunavailableorunaffordable.Thiswillalsobealastingsourceofnewdemandforthespaceeconomy.

MorganStanley,abank,projectsthatthespaceindustrywillgrowfrom$350billionin2016tomorethan$1.I

trillionby2040.Newinternetsatelliteswillaccountforahalfthisincrease.

Forthattohappen,however,threeworriesmustbeovercome.Debris（碎片）isthemostfamiliarconcern.As

longagoas1978,DonaldKessler,ascientistatNASA,proposedsituationinwhich,whenenoughsatelliteswere

packedintolow-Earthorbits,anycollisioncouldcauseachainreactionwhichwouldeventuallydestroyallspace

craftinitsorbitalplane（平面）.ThesyndromewhichbearsMr.Kessler'snameweighsheavilyonthemindsof

executivesatthenewsatellitefirms.Debriscouldcauseentiretracts（廣闊的——片）ofspacetobeunusablefbr

decades.

Solutionsexist.OneistograbmalfunctionsatellitesandpullthemdownintoEarth'satmosphere.Anotheristo

monitorspacemoreintensivelyfbrdebris;aUSAirForceprogrammecalledSpaceFenceisduetostartin2019.

Buttechnologyisonlypartoftheanswer.Rulesareneededtogovernthesafedisposal。青除）ofoldsatellitesfrom

low-Earthorbit.TheUnitedStates'FederalCommunicationsCommissionisrevisingitsregulationswiththisin

mind.Othercountriesshouldfollowsuit.

Cyber-securityisasecond,long-standingworry.Hackerscouldtakecontrolofasatelliteandsealintellectual

property,redirectdataflowsorcauseacollision.Thesatelliteindustryhasbeenslowtorespondtosuchconcerns.

Butasmoreoftheworld'spopulationcomestorelyontheinfrastructureofspaceforaccesstotheinternet,the

needfbractionintensifies.

Thethirdissuefollowsfromthefirsttwo.Ifasimplemistakeoracyber-attackcancauseachainreaction

whichwipesouthundredsofbillionsofdollarsofinvestment,whoisliable?Underwriters（保險商）arestudying

theplansoffirmsthatwishtooperatelargenumbersofsatellites.Butthereisalongwaytogobeforetherisksare

wellunderstood,letalonepriced.

Asspacebecomesmorecommercializedmind-bendingprospectsopenup:packagesmovedacrosstheplanet

inminutesbyrocketratherthanbyplane,equipmentsenttoothersmallplanets,passengerslaunchedintoorbitand

beyond.Allthatandmoremaycome,oneday.ButsuchactivitieswouldraisethesamequestionsasLEOsatellites

do.Theymustbeansweredbeforethespaceeconomycantrulydevelop.

13.WhatcanwelearnaboutLEOsatellitesfromthepassage?

A.Theyaresupposedtolimitthespaceeconomy.

B.Theyareexpectedtoincreaseinlargenumbers.

C.TheyaredesignedtomovebeyondtheEarthasfaraspossible.

D.Theyaremainlyintendedtobringinternetconnectivitytoremoteareas.

14.Todealwithdebrisinspace,theauthorsuggests.

A.dependingentirelyonthemoderntechnology

B.monitoringthemovementofspaceshipscarefully

C.strengtheningrulestoremoveoldsatellitessafely

D.destroyingallthesatelliteswithproblemsinstantly

15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intensify“inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Measure.B.Increase.C.Spread.D.Repeat.

16.Whichofthefollowingcanbeclassifiedasthethirdwoiry?

A.Lackofsatelliteregulations.

B.Lossofintellectualproperty.

C.Crisisofconfidenceinthefield.

D.Slowresponseofsatelliteindustry.

17.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthelaunchofLEOsatellites?

A.Itshouldbefurtherconfirmedforitsownership.

B.Itshouldbecontinuedbecauseofitsadvantages.

C.Itshouldbedonecarefullytoavoidpotentialrisks.

D.Itshouldbestoppedinfaceofthespaceeconomy.

5

Counlerfeit（假冒的）goods,orfalseversionsofproducts,maycostthegovernmentofKenyaasmuchas$1

billioneachyear.Thefakegoodsalsohurtbusinessownerswhofindithardtokeepcustomers.Butinformation

technologyisbeingusedtotrytostoptheproblem.JemimaMwafiguisa34-year-oldbusinesswomanwhosells

productslikeperfume.Butinthefirstyearofrunningherbusiness,shefoundithardtokeepcustomersbecauseof

counterfeitgoods.

Ms.Mwafigusaysherbusinesshasimprovedsinceshebeganusingasmartphoneapplicationcalled

Barcode（條碼）Scanner.Theappisusedtoauthenticate（驗證）products.Itcheckstomakesuretheproductsare

notcounterfeit.

“WiththisapplicationI'mabletoscanthebarcodesofeachperfumeandinstantlyIgettheproductiondate,

theexpirationdateandI'mabletoknowthesafety/5shesays."Thatway,Ihaveconfidenceinsellingtomy

customers.”

In2010,KenyacreatedtheAnti-CounterfeitAgency,orACA,tofightagainstillegaltrade.TheACAhas

successfullyaskedgovernmentofficialsforstrongerpunishmentsforcounterfeiters.

AgnesKaringuistheagency'sactingdirectorforresearchandawareness.ShesaystheACAistryingtostay

onestepaheadofthosemakingfakegoods.

“WearealsolookingintoITsolutionswherewecanbeabletouseSMSprograms,barcodesandinformation

sharing,shesays."Theendusersoftheproductswillactuallybeabletogettheauthenticationinfbnnation,and

thisinformationcomesbacktoACAandintellectualpropertyrightsholders.,,

TheagencyistestinganotherprogramcalledAllvirtuous.Theapplicationisanotherwaytofindoutifa

productisrealornotbyscanningitsbarcode.Thebarcodeinformationissenttoadatabase.Thenaresultissent

backtotheapp.

TheInternationalChamberofCommerceisaglobalbusinessorganization.Itsaysthevalueofcounterfeit

goodsproducedaroundtheworldisexpectedtobemorethan$1.7trillion（萬億）thisyear.

18.What'sthemainputposeofthispassage?

A.Topersuadeustoresistcounterfeitgoods.

B.Toadviseustousephoneappswhilegoingshopping.

C.Toinformusthatphoneappscanhelpstopcounterfeiters'trade.

D.TotellusthatInformationTechnologyisdevelopingfast.

19.WhydidKenyacreateACA?

A.Toaskthegovernmenttopunishcounterfeiters.B.lbdealwithillegaltrade.

C.Toraisepeople'sawarenessofcounterfeitgoods.D.TolookintoITsolutions.

20.Theunderlinedphrase"expirationdate“inParagraph3meansthetimewhen.

A.theproductismadeB.theproductispacked

C.theproductisfirstoutofthefactoryD.theproductisunabletobeused

21.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Thebusinessofcounterfeitgoodsisfallingoff.

B.Thevalueofcounterfeitgoodsislikelytobemorethan$1.7trillionthisyear.

C.Counterfeitgoodsmakeagreatcontributiontotheworldeconomy.

D.Measuresshouldbetakenimmediatelytopreventcounterfeitgoods.

二、完形填空

Thesecrettoasuccessful〃（續(xù)集）一asecret

Keepingtheentirecastandcrewofafilmasecretishard.Butwhenit'samassivemovielikeFantasticBeasts:

TheCrimesofGrindelwald,withsome700peopleand1,000costumes一including400coatsalone—it'snextto

22.Allprecautionsaretaken:charactersaregivencodenames,thesmallestdetailsareprotectedby

nondisclosureagreements,anddigitalscriptsareencodedand23afteracertainamountoftimeincaseof

beingcopiedandspread.Ifsnotquitemagic,butit'sclose.

Thepressuretonotrevealanything—even24—isenoughtogiveEddieRedmayneadifficulttime.

"I'vebeensentthisfunnydocumentwhichis25withdouble-caps,triple-underlinednotessaying,YOU

CAN'TTALKABOUTTHIS,^^saystheOscarwinner,whoreturnsaswizardNewtScamanderinthesequel,which

continuesthestoryoftheearlier26.Doesheevertellanyone?Heleansinandadmits,alittle27,

thathedoes:hiswife,HannahBagshawe.

Howhavetheysuccessfullykeptitasecret?ItcertainlyhelpsthatJ.K.Rowling,thewriterofthework,isthe

28ofkeepingsecrets.Shefamouslyclaimstohaveknowncrucialplotpointsfromherbest-sellingbookseries'

endgameyearsinadvance.Also,JohnnyDepp's29appearanceinthemovie-theactorhasbeenaccused

ofdomesticviolencebyhisex-wifeAmberHeard-asthedarkwizardGrindelwaldwaskeptunder30

untiljusttwoweeksbeforethefirstfilmcameoutin2016.

Bearingthiscommitmenttosecrecyinmind,it'snosurprisethatRowlinghas31thedetailstofew

peopleabouthowthe32threemoviesintheproposedfive-partserieswillplayout.EvenproducerTim

Lewis,whohasworkedoneightHarryPotterinstallments,is33.“Wehaven'tseenscriptsforthenext

one,^^hesays."IamassumingRowlingknowsthewholeplan,butIcouldn'tsay.”

Theearningsarehighenough:thefirstFantasticBeastsmoviereached$814million.That'sanumbermost

studioswould34,butwhenitcomestoHarryPotter,expectationsstartsky-high.Inaworldfilledwith

universesbasedonexistingintellectualproperty—StarWars,Marvel—appreciationfatigueisalwayspossible.But

fornow,theextremeenthusiasmshowsnosignof35:HarryPotterandtheCursedChild,aplaybasedon

anideabyRowling,isacriticalandcommercial36FortheBeastssequel,analystsarealreadypredictingan

openingweekendof$65millionto$75million.

22.A.uselessB.impossibleC.successfulD.critical

23.A.recoveredB.releasedC.deletedD.split

24.A.incontrolB.byaccidentC.forreferenceD.incase

25.A.coveredB.comparedC.armedD.furnished

26.A.commercialB.adaptationC.imaginationD.reputation

27.A.sadlyB.proudlyC.angrilyD.shyly

28.A.suspectB.counsellorC.masterD.pioneer

29.A.awfulB.debatableC.welcomedD.excellent

30.A.protectionB.wrapsC.investigationD.discussion

31.A.advertisedB.justifiedC.highlightedD.revealed

32.A.remainingB.enduringC.revealingD.threatening

33.A.inthedarkB.intheclearC.ontheairD.onthescene

34.A.sufferfromB.watchforC.dreamaboutD.lookinto

35.A.speedingupB.givingoffC.turningaroundD.dyingdown

36.A.innovationB.smashC.promotionD.chance

三、語法填空

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Chinahasbyfar37.largesthigh-speedrailwaynetworkintheworld.Itshigh-speedrailsystemstretches

over38,000kilometers,whichisalmostenough38.(circle)theearthonce,andisstillgrowing.Currentlyit39.

(make)up70percentoftheworld'shighspeedrailsystems.ThenetworkissoextensivethatnearlyallbigChinese

citiescanbereachedbyhigh-speedtrains.China'srailsystemalsooperatesinextremelocationssuchasonthe

plateauanddesertinnorthwesternChinaaswellasincitiesinsouthernChina,40.havea3-monthrainyseason

everyyear.

TheoveralldesignandcoretechnologiesoftheFuxinghigh-speedtrainwereindependentlydevelopedin

China,whichhasindependentintellectualpropertyrightsofthosedevelopments.Amongthe254important

standards,Chinesestandardsaccountfor84percent.Todate,China*shigh-speedrailproductsandtechnology4L

(export)tonearly100countriesandregionsonsixcontinents.

Toour42.(amaze),Chinahassetanewrecordbydevelopingand43.(build)theworld'sfirstlocomotive

prototype(機車原型)usinghigh-temperaturesuperconductingmagneticlevitationtechnology(HTSMaglev高溫超

導(dǎo)磁懸浮技術(shù))andthetrainswillrun44.(fast)thananyothertrainintheworldastheyhavebeendesignedto

run45.aspeedof620kilometersperhour."It'sbeen20yearsinthemaking.In2000,ourlabdevelopedasmall

prototypecarryingfivepeopleusingthistechnology.I'mthrilledtoseethatweareabletobuildthistocarryso

manypeoplein2021/'saidZhangJinkai,agraduatestudentfromSouthwestJiaotongUniversitywhohasbeen46.

(close)workingontheproject.

2022年高考英語時事熱點閱讀專練

熱點19知識產(chǎn)權(quán)及保護的重要性

一、閱讀理解

1

Intellectualproperly(IP)isaproductofthemindthathascommercialvalue.Theconceptdatesbackto1623

whenthefirstpatentlawtoprotectIPsightswaspassed.IPrightsprotecttheartistfromhavinghis/hercreative

ideascopiedbyanother.Forexample,ifsomebodygeneratedanideaforanovel,thatideaisprotectedbyIPrights.

Ifsomeoneelsewishestorepresenttheideaordevelopitfurther,he/shemustconsulttheoriginalartists,whowill

normallyberewardedfinanciallyforitsuse.Backinthe17,hcentury,IPrightswereprimarilycarriedouttoprotect

newlydevelopedmanufacturingprocessesagainststealing.Buttoday,intellectualpropertyrights,arealsoenjoyed

bythosewhocreativemusic,artandliterature.

Inrecentyears,IPrightshavebeenthefocusofagreatdealofdiscussionbecauseofatechnologywhichlooks

settoweakenthemaltogether;theInternet.Manyyearsago,ifyouwantedarecordingofasong,youwouldhave

topurchaseitfromamusicstore;ifanovel,formabookstore.Inthosedays,IPrightswereeasilyprotectedsince

itwasverydifficulttoobtainintellectualpropertywithoutpayingforit.However,alotofIP,includingsongs,films,

booksandartwork,canbedownloadedtodayfreeofchargeusingtheInternet.Thispracticehasnowtakenthe

worldbystorm,dramaticallyaffectingthewayinwhichweviewIPrights.

1.Accordingtothewriter,inthebeginning,Ifrightsweremainlyofuseto.

A.thosecreatingmusic,artandliterature

B.novelists

C.engineersandinventors

D.thosenotreceivingfinancialrewardfortheirwork

2.Whatdoweknowabouttheinternetaccordingtothepassage?

A.ItmakesIPrightshardertoprotect.

B.Itsellssongsandfilms.

C.ItdoesnotaffectthewayweunderstandIPrights.

D.Itpreventstheproductionofartwork.

3.Accordingtoparagraph2,whathas“takentheworldbystorm^^?

A.Intellectualpropertyrights.

B.TheInternet.

C.Freedownloading

D.Thelargenumberofsongs,filmsandbooks.

4.Apossibletitleforthispassagecouldbe.

A.AHistoryofIPRightsB.WaystoProtectYourIPRights.

C.ThePresentandtheFutureOfIPD.IPRightsandOurAttitudes

【答案】CACD

【解析】這是一篇介紹知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的文章，說明文文體。介紹了知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的過去和現(xiàn)在以及我們對待保護知

識產(chǎn)權(quán)的態(tài)度。

1.細節(jié)理解題。從第一段最后一句可得知。A、B項是現(xiàn)在知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護的的對象，D項未提及.

2.推理判斷題。從第二段最后兩句可得知，在現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)社會里，許多擁有知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的東西可以在網(wǎng)上免費

下載，這一慣例已經(jīng)在全世界掀起了一場大的風暴，正極大地改變了人們對知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的以往認識，使得知

識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護愈加困難。

3.推理判斷題。依據(jù)同上。

4.主旨大意題。A、C項都不全面，B項不是主要內(nèi)容，D項最能概括。

2

Therehavealwaysbeenlawsagainstcopyingotherpeople'sideas.However,whencopyingwasonlylimited

tocopyingsomethingbyhand,problemsweresolvedeasily.Thesolutionwasalwaysthedestructionorremovalof

thecopy.Nowadays,theriseoftheInternethasmadetheissueofintellectualproperty（知識產(chǎn)權(quán)）more

complicated.

Almosteverybitofinformationcanbecutandpasted（粘貼）withafewclicksofamouse.Manyartforms

suchaswritings,films,andmusicneednewprotectiontoensurethatpeopledonotsimplytransferthemforfree.

Onlineillegalcopyinghasbeenblamedforahugereductioninthesalesofmanyrecordsbecauseitishardto

convincepeopletobuysomethingthattheycangetforfree.Eventheideasbehindtraditionalgames,suchas

Scrabble,havebeenusedwithouttheowners'permission.

Oldlawshavebeenstrugglingtokeepup.Whilemusiccompanieshavebeensuccessfulinpersuadingcourts

thatactionshouldbetakenagainstpeoplewhoillegallydownloadmusic,thelawisdifficulttocarryout.

Furthermore,intellectualpropertyrightsvarywidelyfromcountrytocountry,soit'supfordebatewhichlaws

apply.Finally,thereisthefactthatmanypeoplesimplydonotseetheactastheft（盜竊），sinceoncetheworkhas

beendigitizedthereisnoclearphysicalobjecttostealinthefirstplace.

Alloftheseissuesmeanthatcompaniesinvolvedwithintellectualproperty—ideasoreasilydigitized

information-arefightingdesperatelytogetpeopletopayfortheinformationtheyuse,ratherthanpayingforan

objectlikeaCDthattheyuse.Whilethecompanieshavesometimesbeensuccessful,thepracticalbarrierstofull

protectionseeminsunmeuntable.

Finally,allthatconcernedpartiescandoishopethattheirfewsuccessesscareoffothersandtrytofindnew

waysofmakingmoney.

5.Whydowritings,films,andmusicneedprotection?

A.Theyareveryexpensive.

B.Theyareimpossibletocopy.

C.ItiseasytomakeCDs,books,andmovies.

D.Theyareeasilyabletobetransferredwhenindigitalform.

6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaproblemofcarryingoutintellectualpropertyrights?

A.Lawsarenotthesameinallcountries.

B.Peopledonotseecopyinginformationastheft.

C.Itisveryhardtocatchpeoplewhoarebreakingthelaw.

D.Internetserviceprovidersdonotwanttocooperatewiththepolice.

7.Theunderlinedword“insurmountable"inParagraph4means"

A.extremelyexpensiveB.impossibletoovercome

C.againstthelaw