信息與計算科學(xué)中英文對照外文翻譯文獻

PAGE3中英文對照外文翻譯文獻(文檔含英文原文和中文翻譯)【Abstract】Underthenetworkenvironmentthelibraryinformationresourcealtogetherconstructssharingisreferstoalllevelsofeachkindoflibrarybasisusertothesocialinformationdemand,throughnetworkusecomputer,correspondence,electron,multimediaandsoonadvancedinformationtechnology,thehighidealizationcarriesonthesynthesiscooperationdevelopmentandtheuseactivitytovariouscollectionsinformationresourceandthenetworkresources.Themarketeconomyswiftandviolentdevelopment,thenetworkingunceasingrenewal,theinformationagearrival,haddecidedthefuturelibrarytrendofdevelopmentwillbeimplementstheinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharing,alreadyachievedthesocialmutualrecognitionaboutthispoint.Thisisbecause:librariesimplementtheinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingaresolvetheknowledgeinformationexplosionandthecollectionstrengthinsufficientthiscontradictoryimportantway..【KeyWords】Network;librariesimplement:information:construction；=1\*ROMANI.Networkenvironmentthelibrary

Underthenetworkenvironmentthelibraryinformationresourcealtogetherconstructssharingisreferstoalllevelsofeachkindoflibrarybasisusertothesocialinformationdemand,throughnetworkusecomputer,correspondence,electron,multimediaandsoonadvancedinformationtechnology,thehighidealizationcarriesonthesynthesiscooperationdevelopmentandtheuseactivitytovariouscollectionsinformationresourceandthenetworkresources.1、informationresourcealtogetherwillconstructsharingisthefuturelibrarydevelopmentandtheuseinformationresourcewaythatmustbetaken.Themarketeconomyswiftandviolentdevelopment,thenetworkingunceasingrenewal,theinformationagearrival,haddecidedthefuturelibrarytrendofdevelopmentwillbeimplementstheinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharing,alreadyachievedthesocialmutualrecognitionaboutthispoint.Thisisbecause:。librariesimplementtheinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingaresolvetheknowledgeinformationexplosionandthecollectionstrengthinsufficientthiscontradictoryimportantway.Atpresent,ourcountrysuccessfullyhasjoinedWTO,theworldeconomicspatternstartedtocarryonlocates,simultaneouslytheinformationagearrival,theknowledgeinformationincreasessharplywiththedate,thebooksandperiodicalsquantitysuddenlygrowthregardingtheinformationcapacityrelativebigeachlibrary,asaresultofmanyfactorinfluences,itscollectionstrengthisrelativelylow,totheknowledgeinformationwhichalreadyproducesissimplyimpossiblethecompletelypackagetoaccommodate,variouslibrariesisolatedprovidetheconveniencequickinformationserviceforeachkindofusertoreveallacktheabilitytodolacktheabilitytodowhatonewouldlike.Moreovervariouslibrariesdothingstheirownway,thefixedsubscriberisnothightotheexistingcollectionusefactor,isextremelydistressedtotheinformationresourcewaste.Forexamplemyschoollibraryseveral100,000Yuanacademicperiodicalcompactdiscswhichpurchasessince97years,theextremelyfewsomepeopleaskabout,but,therelativelyurgentneedthiskindofinformationresourceotherusers,onlycanlookarepopularsigh.Alsohasistheuseruniversaldemandsimilarinformationresource,variouslibrariescompetitionpurchase,satisfiesthelocalusertheneed,createspresentthiskindtotheliteratureinformationresourcelowlevelrepetitionpurchaseaspect.Therefore,theunificationpreparation,themulti-positions,multi-channel,thethree-dimensionalreasonabldimensionalreasonablealtogetherconstructsthesharinginformationresourcesolvesthiscontradictoryimportantway.。implementsthelibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingisuser'surgentdemandAlongwithsociety'sdevelopment,thescienceandtechnologyunceasingprogress,theuserhasalsohadthefundamentalchangetotheinformationresourcedemandwayandthecontent.Theusernolongersatisfiesthesolecollectioninformationservice,theurgentneedisthecontentnovelcomprehensive,thetypecomplete,variousformats,theoriginwidespreadinformation.User'sthiskindomni-directional,integratedinformationneed,obviouslyisnotalibrarycansatisfy,manyinformationunitcooperatestocarryontheinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingtobecometheinformationserviceurgentneedsolutionthequestion.Theusertotheknowledgeinformationdemandalsoreflectedneedstheinformationintherequestthecomputerization,thenetwork,thisneedsthelibrarytostrengthentotheliteratureinformationresourcecomputerizationorganizationandtherapidrealizationnetworkwork,throughcarriesontheanalysis,thesynthesis,theentireforewordtotheknowledgeinformation,bynew,theserializingknowledgeunitprovidestotheuser.Ifeachlibraryalonecarriesonthesework,iscannotmeettheuserneedbyfar.。2、Under2networkenvironmentaffectsthelibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingthefactorThenetworkhasprovidedabrand-newinformationenvironmentforthelibrary.TheInternetnet,theChineseeducationscientificresearchnetworkaswellastheChineseinformationnetworkclearandtheinterconnection,altogetherconstructedsharingforthelibraryinformationresourcetoprovidethegoodcondition,speciallytheInternetnetsuccessfullyhasusedTCP/IP(transmissioncontrolprotocolandInternetinterconnectionagreement),TCP/IPusedthemutuallyexchangetechnology,hassolvedbetweenthedifferenthardwareplatform,thedifferentnetworkproductandthedifferentoperatingsystemcompatiblequestion.SolongasanycomputerusesintheTCP/IPagreementandInternet'sanymainenginecorrespondence,allhasthepossibilitytobecomeInternet'spart,carriesonthelarge-scalenetworkinterconnection,choosesfreelyuseseachkindofnetworkservice,realizestheinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingsmoothly.Partialnationalorthelocallibraryagreementcooperation,unceasinglyadvancesthelibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingoneafteranothertheadvancement.UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganizationproposes“theopening”at"PubliclibraryManifesto"thethought,inpromotesOurcountryLibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingtoapproachtheopeningbytheseal,byapproachespassivelyinitiative,approachesin-depthbytheshallowlayer,fromplayedextensivelytointhebenefitcrowdedtransformationprocessthepositiveimpetusrole.OurcountryLibraryinformationresourcealtogetherconstructssharingisauthorizesfromthe20thcentury50'sStateCounciltoannounce"NationalLibraryCoordinationPlan"tostart,buttheinformationresourcealtogetherconstructedsharingalsotooccupyatthattimetheseedstage,startedfrom1990s,theinformationresourcealtogetherconstructedsharingtopourintothehypothesizedlibraryandthecrossoccupationallinesthroughthenetworkcooperationcharacteristic.IfinJanuary,1999,convenedbyChinaLibrarynational,thenationalvariousprofessionssystembooksintelligencerelatedactivitysentout"NationalLiteratureInformationresourceinBeijingAltogetherToconstructSharingWrittenproposal"andhastogethersigned"NationalLibraryInter-libraryloanJointpledge".Themanagementsystemlagrestrictsthelibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingthefurtherdevelopment.Themanagementsystemisthelibraryinformationresourcealtogetherconstructssharingthekeyaspect,isplayingthemasterplan,thecomprehensivecoordinatedrole.Thelibrarymanagementwasdecidingtheinformationresourcealtogetherconstructssharingenergy,thescale,theformandthebenefit,alibrarynatureduty,therulesandregulations,thecollectioncharacteristic,theservicemethod,theservicewayandsoonalsoenormouslyaffectitaltogethertoconstructinsharingintheinformationresourcethestandard.Thenetworkenvironmenthasbredthebrand-newmanagementidea,andissummoningthemanagementsystemwhichadaptswithit,butthebooksintelligencesystemconditionlookedatpresentfromourcountry,stilloccupiedtheconditionwhichdisorderlymightfollow,thelongitudinalmanagementsystemwhichthetraditionaldivisionofvertical(i.edidthingstheirownwayaffectsthelibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingenormouslytheadvancement.Thepartiallibrarian'sspecializedlevelandthethoughtidealagalsorestrictsthelibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingthefurtherdevelopment.Underthenetworkenvironmentthelibrarypersonnelshouldhave“theexpert”thequality,theybesidesloadtraditionlibraryofficework,butalsoshouldusetheadvancedinformationtechnologyfully,carriesonthedeepleveldevelopmenttothecollectionresourcesandthenetworkresources,eliminatesthefalseandkeepsthetrue,resistsinformationtrasheffectively,satisfiestheuserbythehealthyorderomni-directionalinformationresource.Butwestourcountryandsoontheeconomiesowesdevelopedlocalthelibrary,isengagedinthebooksinformationandtheinformationtechnologystaffqualityhastheschoolrecordgenerallysomewhatlow,thespecializedknowledgestructuregetsolder,therecentinformationtechnologytalentedpersonlacksseriously,someleadershipideologicalrecognitioninsufficiency,lackstothelibrarycontinuingeducationworksupportsandsoonpositively,comparedwithhinderstheinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructthesharingworkseriouslytheprogress.Themoderninformationtechnologydevelopmentapplicationlimitationalsorestrictsthelibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingthefurtherdevelopment.Themoderninformationtechnologyapplicationalsohastheunceasingdevelopmentprocess,presentsometechnologiesalsohascertainflaw,ifthecomputerandthefittingmarketquiteispromiscuous,turnstoanewgenerationfrequently,bringsthedifficultyfortheinformationtechnologyworker'schoice;Thecommunicationlinktransmissionspeedislow,inparticularwhentransmitsthemultimediainformationsshowsofftalentthestrengthtobeinsufficient.Theintegrationmanagementsystemmanagementsystemlacksthestandardization,ifinthemulti-platformtechnologyaspect,mosthasnotusedtheC/Stechnology,theclientsideapplicationproceduredoesnotsupportthecharacterterminal;Inthenetworkfunctionnf,mosthasnotusedtheZ39.50agreement,theHyperLinktechnology.Alllevelsoftypelibrarydevelopmentisnotbalanced,somelibrariesalsolacktheusemoderninformationtechnologyability.Inaddition,underthenetworkenvironmentrestrictsthelibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingthefactoralsotohavemanynetworkinformationsecurityornot,whethertherightintellectualpropertyrightsobtainstheeffectiveprotection,partialinformationhegemonismwhethereliminates,thescarcelibraryfundswhethercansafeguardandsoon.3、Howunder3networkenvironmentcarriesontothelibraryinformationresourcealtogetherconstructssharingThecompletelegislativeworkisthelibraryinformationresourcealtogetherconstructsthesharingworktheguidetoaction.Theinformationresourcealtogetherconstructssharingisaneedmulti-professionparticipationandthecooperationsystemwork,inordertocoordinatebetweenthedifferentprofessionthebenefitandtheresponsibility,needstoformulatethecorrespondingpolicylawsandregulations,thestandardvariousaspectsbehavior,guaranteesallquartersthebenefitnottoviolate.Soonappearsourcountry"LibraryLaw"andwithitnecessarylawlawsandregulations,musttotheinformationresourcealtogetherconstructsharingthesocialposition,thefundssafeguard,variousmembers'rightandtheduty,aswellastheinformationresourcealtogetherconstructssharingthesystemandtheoperationalmechanism,theoveralllayoutandsoonmakestheexplicitstipulation;Mustaltogetherconstructaseriesofquestionstotheinformationresourcewhichsharingcauses,likethecopyrightprotection,theliteratureduplication,thetransmission,thecatalog,theretrieval,borrowandsoonmutually,mustformulatetheunificationoperationstandardstandard;Theessentialhighbeginning,creativelytheforecastpossiblycanproduceeachkindofquestionandcontradictorykeytothesituationandmeans.Guaranteedtheusercommunitycanusethepublicinformationfully,bythepricewhichcanwithstandprompt,equal,sharestheinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingfairlytheprofit.OurcountryLibrarydividesintopublic,thescientificresearch,theuniversityandthetradeunionandsoonseveralsystems,themanagementisloose,willnotfavorthefuturelibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingthedevelopment.Thereasonablesystemshouldbethemultiplication,three-dimensional,thesynthesis.Thebestestablishmentunificationcoordination,thedivisionofvertical(i.e,thelayoutarereasonable,canguaranteecarriesonthemacroeconomicregulationandcontrolthemanagementsystem.Establishesanationwideinformationresourcemanagementfunctionorganization,isresponsibleforthenationinformationresourceconstruction,thelayout,sharingandthesuperioritysupplementaryoverallplanandtheorganizationimplementsthenationalvarioussystems,variouslocallibraryreasonabledispositioninformationresource,altogetherconstructsthesharingunificationcoordinationmanagementtoitsinformationresource,totheautomation,thenetworkconstructionandthedevelopmentandsooncarriesontheunifiedplanandtheinstruction.Oncrosswise,strengthensvariousprovincesacademicsocietyintheprovincelevelthefunction,inordertocoordinatedandtheunifiedeachkindoflibraryinformationresourcealtogetherconstructssharing,reducestherepetitioninvestmentandtheconstruction.Onlongitudinal,varioussystemsenhancementleadership.IftheuniversitylibrarymaycarryontheunificationunderMinistryofEducation'sleadershipthecoordinationandthemanagement,atpresentimplementstheCALSprojectisaverygooddemonstration,maycaudemonstration,maycausetheuniversitylibrarytodisposetheinformationresourcereasonablyaccordingtothediscipline,andachievedaltogetherhas,altogetherconstructs,thesharinggoal,fromthisleadstheentireuniversitylibraryenterprisehealthybenignlytodevelopforward.The21stcentury,thelibraryarchitecturebythetraditionandtheentitylibrarytotheentitylibraryandthehypothesizedlibrarycoexistingshift,theuserrequestwillbemayinanyplace(includingcrossregion),anytimeconsults,inthesearch,theusehypothesizedlibraryandthetraditionallibraryinformationresourcefreely,isnotborrowedthetime,thedeadlineandtheregionlimit,isinformationresourcetruesharing“thegreatlypubliclibrary”theservicepattern.ThisurgentneedvariouslibrariespositivelyinvestthepopularizationuseChineseinformationprocessing,themicrofilmtechnology,thedatabanktechnology,multimediatechnical,thecompactdisctechnology,thenetworkcommunicationtechnology,thevirtualrealityandthecomputerapplicationandsoonthenewtechnology,theintroductionadaptthelibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructthetalentedpersonwhothesharingdevelopmentdemandthemoderntechnologyequipmentandgraspsthistechnology,allbooksintelligencepersonnelandothergeneraltechnicalpersonnelshouldunifythelibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingtocarryonthesystemsoftwarethedevelopment,thedesignandthemanufacture,strengthenssystemstaffhigh-levelskillandsoonlibrarylocalareanetwork,WANandInternetnettrainingpopularaswellasthedeeplevelcontinuingeducation,altogetherconstructssharingforthelibraryinformationresourcetoprovideGoodtechnicalsupport.Theenhancementnetworkconstruction,guaranteesthelibraryinformationresourcealtogethertoconstructsharingthesmoothimplementationFirst,shouldestablishanationwidefunctioncomplete,therevolutionrapidinformationresourcealtogetherconstructsthesharednetworkandtheresourceslayoutsafeguardsystem,simultaneouslystrengthensalllevelsofeachkindoflibrarythecharacteristiccollectionconstruction,unifiedsystemnetworkenvironmentsoftwareandhardwareandtechnicalsupport.Next,strengthensthelibraryinformationresourcethedatabaseconstruction,completesthenationaluniontableofcontentsdatabaseassoonaspossibletheconstruction.Third,inthelibraryinformationresourcesharednetworkcenter,establishesthepublicinquirysystem,purchasesthenationalunioncatalogcenterbythecollectiveagreementwaytheMARCdataandtheoverseasdigestindexclassbooklistinformationdatabase,throughthememberhalldivisionoflaborcooperation,foundsnationalthecollectionuniontableofcontentsandthepublicinquirysystem.Fourth,establishesstandardizedtheelectronicexchangebooklistdatabase,thelibrarymaythiscomeZhaZhong,register,tourgetolack,theprocessingreservationtableofcontentsandthenewbookreport.Establishestheunificationcoordinatedunionpurchaseorganizationinthisfoundation,macroscopicallycarriesontheregulationtotheinformationresourcereasonabledisposition.Fifth,establishestheunifiedinter-libraryloansystem,theprocessinginter-libraryloanmutualcontact,loansthehalltheinformationresourceinthestorehousesituation,appointmentborrowingandsoon.【摘要】網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下圖書館信息資源的共建共享是指各級各類圖書館根據(jù)用戶對社會信息的需求，通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)利用計算機、通信、電子、多媒體等先進的信息技術(shù)，高度理想化地對各館藏信息資源和網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源進行綜合協(xié)作開發(fā)和利用的活動。市場經(jīng)濟的迅猛發(fā)展，網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的不斷更新，信息時代的到來，決定了未來圖書館的發(fā)展趨勢是實行信息資源的共建共享，關(guān)于這一點已經(jīng)達成社會共識。這是由于圖書館實行信息資源共建共享是解決知識信息劇增與館藏力不足這一矛盾的重要途徑【關(guān)鍵詞】網(wǎng)絡(luò)；圖書館實踐；信息；建設(shè)；網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下的圖書館.網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下圖書館信息資源的共建共享是指各級各類圖書館根據(jù)用戶對社會信息的需求，通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)利用計算機、通信、電子、多媒體等先進的信息技術(shù)，高度理想化地對各館藏信息資源和網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源進行綜合協(xié)作開發(fā)和利用的活動。1信息資源的共建共享是未來圖書館開發(fā)和利用信息資源的必由之路市場經(jīng)濟的迅猛發(fā)展，網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的不斷更新，信息時代的到來，決定了未來圖書館的發(fā)展趨勢是實行信息資源的共建共享，關(guān)于這一點已經(jīng)達成社會共識。這是由于：圖書館實行信息資源共建共享是解決知識信息劇增與館藏力不足這一矛盾的重要途徑目前，我國已成功地加入了WTO，世界經(jīng)濟格局開始進行重新定位，同時信息時代的到來，知識信息的與日激增，書刊數(shù)量的急劇增長對于信息容量相對較大的每一圖書館來說，由于諸多因素的影響，其收藏力相對低下，對業(yè)已產(chǎn)生的知識信息根本不可能盡包盡容，各圖書館孤立地為各類用戶提供方便快捷的信息服務(wù)愈顯力不從心。況且各圖書館各自為政，固定用戶對現(xiàn)有館藏的利用率不高，對信息資源的浪費極為痛心。例如我校圖書館自97年以來購置的數(shù)10萬元的學(xué)術(shù)期刊光盤，極少有人問津，但是，相對迫切需要此類信息資源的其他用戶，只能望而興嘆。還有就是用戶普遍需求的同類信息資源，各圖書館競相購置，以滿足當(dāng)?shù)赜脩舻男枰?，造成目前這種對文獻信息資源的低水平重復(fù)購置的局面。因此，統(tǒng)一籌劃、多方位、多渠道、立體化合理共建共享信息資源正是解決這一矛盾的重要途徑。隨著社會的發(fā)展，科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷進步，用戶對信息資源的需求方式及內(nèi)容也產(chǎn)生了根本性的變化。用戶不再滿足于單一的館藏信息服務(wù)，迫切需要的是內(nèi)容新穎全面、類型完整、形式多樣、來源廣泛的信息。用戶的這種全方位、綜合化的信息需求，顯然不是一個圖書館所能夠滿足的，多個信息單位協(xié)作進行信息資源共建共享已成為信息服務(wù)界急需解決的問題。用戶對知識信息的需求還反映在要求所需信息的電子化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化，這就需要圖書館加強對文獻信息資源的電子化組織和迅速實現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)化的工作，通過對知識信息進行分析、綜合、整序，以新的、序列化的知識單元提供給用戶。如果每個圖書館單獨進行這些工作，是遠遠不能滿足用戶需求的。2網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下影響圖書館信息資源共建共享的因素網(wǎng)絡(luò)為圖書館提供了一個全新的信息環(huán)境。Internet網(wǎng)、中國教育科研網(wǎng)以及中國信息網(wǎng)的開通與互聯(lián)，為圖書館信息資源共建共享提供了良好的條件，特別是Internet網(wǎng)成功地采用了TCP/IP（傳輸控制協(xié)議和網(wǎng)際互聯(lián)協(xié)議），TCP/IP采用的互交換技術(shù)，解決了不同硬件平臺、不同網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)品和不同操作系統(tǒng)之間的兼容性問題。任何計算機只要采用TCP/IP協(xié)議與因特網(wǎng)中的任何一臺主機通信，都有可能成為因特網(wǎng)的部分，進行大規(guī)模的網(wǎng)絡(luò)互聯(lián)，自由地選擇利用各種網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)，順利地實現(xiàn)信息資源的共建共享。部分國家或地區(qū)圖書館相繼協(xié)議協(xié)作，不斷推進著圖書館信息資源共建共享的進程。聯(lián)合國教科文組織在《公共圖書館宣言》中提出的“開放”思想，在促進我國圖書館信息資源共建共享由封閉向開放，由被動向主動，由淺層向深層，由粗放向效益密集轉(zhuǎn)變的過程中起到了積極的推動作用。我國圖書館信息資源共建共享是從20世紀50年代國務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)公布《全國圖書館協(xié)調(diào)方案》起開始的，但那時信息資源的共建共享還處在萌芽階段，從20世紀90年代開始，信息資源的共建共享注入了虛擬圖書館和跨行業(yè)通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)作的特征。如1999年1月，由中國國家圖書館召集，全國各行業(yè)系統(tǒng)的圖書情報機構(gòu)在北京發(fā)出了《全國文獻信息資源共建共享倡議書》并共同簽署了《全國圖書館館際互借公約》。管理體制的滯后制約著圖書館信息資源共建共享的進一步發(fā)展。管理體制是圖書館信息資源共建共享的關(guān)鍵因素，起著統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、全面協(xié)調(diào)的作用。圖書館的管理決定著信息資源共建共享的活動能力、