2023年高考英語單元主題素材閱讀寫作 Unit3 The Internet-人與社會-科學與技術（解析版）

目錄

必修2Unit3TheInternet.........................................................................................................................................1

TrongerTogether:HowWeHaveBeenChangedBytheInternet..........................................................................1

譯文：................................................................................3

詞匯翻譯訓練：.......................................................................4

名校模擬試題閱讀.........................................................................6

01網絡教學引起了質疑................................................................6

02為難以到達的地區(qū)提供互聯網服務的項目..............................................8

真題閱讀.................................................................................10

01對信息技術的過分迷戀的影響......................................................10

02防止個人信息被盜的鍵盤...........................................................12

主題寫作訓練一一科技與信息技術創(chuàng)新，科學精神、信息安全.................................13

01倡議重視書寫.....................................................................13

02給沉迷于電腦朋友的建議...........................................................14

03描述未來人工智能的發(fā)展狀況及利弊.................................................15

04智能手機的智能生活...............................................................16

必修2Unit3TheInternet

TrongerTogether:HowWeHaveBeenChangedBytheInternet

MuchhasbeenwrittenaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.Therearecountlessarticlestellingushow

theInternethasmadeourlivesmoreconvenient.Wenolongerhavetowaitinlineorcarrycasharoundwhenwe

goshopping.Wecangetthemostupdatedinformationfromlargedatabases.Wecandownloadsoftware,documents,

andimageswheneverweneedthem.ButtheInternethasdonemuchmoreforpeoplethansimplymakelifemore

convenient.People'sliveshavebeenchangedbyonlinecommunitiesandsocialnetworks.

JanTchamani,anEnglishteacherinBirmingham,UK,suddenlydevelopedaseriousillnessandhadtoquit

herjob.Atage50,shefoundherselfoutofworkandstuckathomewithonlyhercomputertokeephercompany.

Afterawhile,shediscoveredthatsurfingtheInternetcouldhelpherfeellesslonelyandbored.Shecouldlistento

music,watchfilms,playgames,andexploretheworld.Shealsojoinedanonlinegroupwhereshecouldtalkabout

herproblemsandgetsupportandadvicefromothers.SherealisedthatoneofthegreatestbenefitsoftheInternet

wasitsabilitytoremovethedistancethatusuallyexistsbetweenpeople.

ShewassoinspiredbythepeopleshemetonlinethatshedecidedtostartanITclubtoteacholderpeoplehow

tousecomputersandtheInternet.Sheandherfriendsnoworganiseeventsandcollectmoneytopayforprivate

teachers.Manypeoplehavebeenhelpedbytheclub.A59-year-oldmanlearnthowtoapplyforworkonlineand

foundagreatjob.Nowthatheworksandcantakecareofhimself,hisdaughterhastimetostudyatuniversity.A

61-year-oldwomanwhowaslivingalonehasstartedasmallonlinecompanytogetherwithtwofriends.Sheno

longerfeelslonely,andhercompanyhasbecomequitesuccessful.

JanhasstartedtakingonlineclassestolearnmoreabouthowtousetheInternettomakesocietybetter.She

believesthatitishighlyimportanttobridgethedigitaldivideandmakesurethateveryonehasaccesstotheInternet

andknowshowtousenewtechnology.Hernextgoalistostartacharitywebsitetoraisemoneyforchildreninpoor

countries.

Jan'slifehasbeengreatlyimprovedbytheInternet."Whenyougothroughtoughtimes,youmeetotherswho

arefacingsimilarchallenges,Jansays."Thinkingaboutotherpeople'ssituationsinspiredmetoofferhelp.^^

Writeablogpost

TodayIthoughtI'dblogaboutaquestionthathasbeenaskedmanytimes—howdoyoustaysafeonlineand

avoidbadexperiencesontheInternet?I'mnotanexpert,butmanyyearsasabloggerhavetaughtmeathingor

two.

Firstofall,there'sthegoldenruleoftheInternet:Ifyouseeorreadsomethingthatmakesyoufeel

uncomfortable,leavethesiteimmediately.Don'tpostcommentsorclickonanything.Second,protectyourprivacy.

Don'tgiveoutyouraddressorphonenumber.Someonemightusetheinformationtostealyouridentity.Identity

theftisacommonandseriousproblem.Third,bepolite.Beingonlineisnoexcuseforbeingrude,andyoudon't

wanttobecomeatargetforatrollorcyberbully.Atrollisapersonwhopostscommentsorquestionsinordertostir

uptroubleonline.Trollsoftenuseseveralfalsenamessothattheycanstayonasite.AcyberbullyusestheInternet

tobemeantoothers.Likeatroll,acyberbullywillalsowritesomethingmeanbutitisusuallydirectedatparticular

people.Heorshemayalsopostembarrassingphotosandinformationaboutthosepeople.However,themorepolite

youare,thelesslikelyitisyouwillbeattacked.

Haveyouhadanybadexperiencesonline,ordoyouhavesomegoodadviceforstayingsafe?Postyour

commentsbelow!

Boy579Lastyear,wewerehavingproblemsinourchatroom.Meancommentswerebeingpostedby

someonewedidn》know./thinkheorshewasonlytryingtomaketrouble.

AmyAgirlatmyschoolhadaverybadexperienceonline.Aphotoofherhadbeenpostedonlineandshe

wasbeingmadefunof.Itseemedlikeajokeatfirst,butthegirlwasveryupset.

譯文：

團結起來力量大：互聯網如何改變了我們

關于萬維網奇妙之處的著述浩如煙海。講述互聯網如何使我們的生活變得更加方便的文章數不勝數。

購物的時候，我們不再需要排隊等候，也不需要隨身攜帶現金。我們可以從大型數據庫中獲得最新的信息。

在任何需要的時候，我們可以下載軟件、文檔和圖片。然而，互聯網為人們做的事情還很多，并不僅僅是

讓生活變得更加方便而已。在線社區(qū)和社交網絡已改變了人們的生活。

英國伯明翰的一位英語教師簡?夏曼尼突然身患重病，被迫辭去工作。50歲時，她發(fā)覺自己失業(yè)了，困

在家里，只有電腦相伴。過了一陣子，她發(fā)現上網可以幫助她減輕孤獨和無聊。她可以聽音樂，看電影,

玩游戲，探索世界。她還加入了一個在線群組；在群里，她可以談論自己的問題，獲得其他人的支持和建

議。她意識到互聯網的最大好處之一就是能夠消除通常存在于人和人之間的距離感。

她受到網友的啟發(fā)，決定成立一個IT俱樂部來教年長一些的人們學習使用電腦和互聯網。如今，她與

朋友們一起組織各種活動，并為（俱樂部）私人教師的工資籌集資金。許多人得到了俱樂部的幫助。一位59

歲的男子學會了如何在網上申請工作，而且找到了一份不錯的工作。由于他有事情可做，并能夠照顧好自

己，他的女兒就有時間上大學了。一位61歲的獨居婦女與兩位朋友一起創(chuàng)辦了一家小型網絡公司。她不再

感到孤獨，而且她的公司也相當成功。

簡開始參加網絡課程，更多地學習如何利用互聯網讓社會變得更加美好。她認為，消除數字鴻溝、確保

每個人都能使用互聯網并且知曉如何運用新技術，是非常重要的。她的下一個目標是創(chuàng)建一個慈善網站，

為貧窮國家的兒童募捐。

簡的生活因互聯網而得到了極大的改善?！爱斈闵硖幠婢硶r，你會遇到面臨相似挑戰(zhàn)的人?！焙喺f道，”想

到別人的處境，我就會受到激勵，伸出援助之手?！?/p>

寫一個博客

今天，我想寫篇博客談談論一個多次被問到的問題一一如何才能安全上網，避免在互聯網上遇到不愉

快呢？我并非專家，但身為博主多年，我已學會了一兩招。

首先，互聯網的黃金法則是：如果你所見所讀讓你反感，立即推出該網站。不要發(fā)表評論，也不要點

擊任何東西。其次，保護你的隱私。不要透露你的地址或電話號碼。有人可能會利用這些信息來竊取你的

身份。身份盜竊是一個普遍而嚴重的問題。最后，要有禮貌。上網不是行為粗魯的借口，而且你也不想成

為網絡挑事者或網絡惡霸的目標。網絡挑事者就是在網上張貼評論或問題以挑起事端的人。為了長期待在

一個網站上，網絡挑事者經常使用多個假名。網絡惡霸使用互聯網欺負別人。與網絡挑事者一樣，網絡惡

霸也會寫一些惡意的東西，但通常是針對特定的人。網絡惡霸也可能在網上發(fā)一些照片和信息，讓這些人

感到尷尬。然而，你越有禮貌，你被攻擊的可能性就越小。

你在網上有任何不愉快的經歷嗎？或是你有什么安全上網的好建議？請在下面發(fā)表你的評論！

男孩579：去年，我們聊天室出了點問題。有個我們不認識的人發(fā)了一些惡意的評論。我覺得這家伙

是想搗亂。

艾米：我們學校的一個女孩在網上有過一段不愉快經歷。她的一張照片被傳到網上，被人嘲弄。剛

開始雖然像是在開玩笑，但是這個女生十分不快。

詞匯翻譯訓練：

1.convenient/kan'vinlont/adj.方便的；近便的

請翻譯：

我想知道你是否方便和我一起參觀展覽會。

Iwonderifitisconvenientforyoutojoinmeinvisitingtheexhibition.

2.update/,Ap'deit/vt.更新;向..提供最新信息；n.更新；最新消息

請翻譯：

它可以讓我們保持更新，這比報紙更好。

Ilcankeepusupdated,whichisbetterthannewspaper.

3.stuck/stAk/adj.卡住;陷（入）;困（于）

請翻譯：

它是我生活中重要的一部分，當我忙于學習或遇到困難時，它為我提供了能量和力量。

Ilisanimportantpartofmylife,whichoffersmeenergyandpowerwhenIambusystudyingorgetstuckin

difficulties.

4.keepsb.company陪伴某人

請翻譯：

所以你不用擔心太多，因為我們會陪著他，必要時隨時照顧他。

Soyouneedn,tworryaboutittoomuchforwewillkeephimcompanyandattendtohimwhenevernecessary.

5.surf/s3:f/vt./vi.瀏覽；沖浪

請翻譯：

最后但并非最不重要的一點是，它還可以給我們帶來比看電視或上網更多的想象力。

Lastbutnotleast,itcanalsobringusmoreimaginationthanwatchingTVorsurfingtheInternetcando.

6.benefit/'b￡niflt/n.益處；vt.使受益；vi.得益于

請翻譯：

希望每個人都能準時到達，我們相信你會從中受益匪淺。

Itishopedthateveryonecanarriveontime,andwe'resurethatyou'llbenefitalotfromit.

7.distance/'distans/n.距離

請翻譯：

眾所周知，任何鍛煉都比不鍛煉好，但長跑尤其有很多好處。

Asweallknow,anyexerciseisbetterthannone,butlong-distancerunning,inparticular,hasalotofbenefits.

8.inspire/in'spaioVvt.鼓舞；激勵;啟發(fā)思考

請翻譯：

為了激發(fā)體育精神，我們學校還舉辦春季和秋季體育賽事，學生可以體驗各種類型的比賽。

Toinspirethespiritsofsports,ourschoolalsoholdspringandautumnsportseventswherestudentscanexperience

alltypesofcompetitions.

9.access/'aeksE：s/n.通道；（使用、查閱、接近或面見的）機會；vt.進入；使用；獲取

請翻譯：

①此外，您可以通過中國電影和歌曲輕松了解地道漢語。

Additionally,idiomaticChineseiseasilyaccessibletoyouthroughChinesemoviesandsongs.

②更重要的是，你可以和同學說中文。

Moreimportantly,youcangetaccesstospeakingChinesewithclassmates.

lO.gothrough經歷；度過；通讀

請翻譯：

你最好在上課前做好充分的準備，對唐朝的歷史有一個簡單的了解，這樣你就可以很容易地通過這門

課。

You'dbettermakefullpreparationsbeforeclassandhaveabriefunderstandingofthehistoryofTangDynasty,

whichmakesiteasyforyoutogothroughtheclass.

11.tough/tAf/adj.辦艱難的；嚴厲的

請翻譯：

如你所知，在中國，參加大學入學考試的學生在高中最后一年的日子總是很艱難，我也是。

Asyouknow,inChina,thestudents,whohavetotakecollegeentranceexaminations,willalwayshaveatough

timeinthelastyearinseniorhighschool,andsowillI.

11.conference/'kanfnrnns/n.會議；研討會；正式會談

請翻譯：

比賽定于11月4日在會議廳舉行。

ThecontestisscheduledtobeheldintheconferencehallonNovember4th.

口.resident/'zldnnt/n.居民；（美國的）住院醫(yī)生；adj.（在某地）居住的

請翻譯：

節(jié)H期間有各種活動，包括剪紙比賽和國際象棋比賽，居民們都積極參加。

Therewerevariousactivitiesduringthefestival,includingthecompetitionofpaper-cuttingandthechessmatch,

bothofwhichresidentstookanactivepartin.

13.plus/plAs/conj.而且；此外；/n.加號；優(yōu)勢；prep.加;另加

請翻譯：

另外，我爺爺上周突然生病了，我不得不在下課后照顧他。

Plus,mygrandpasuddenlyfellilllastweekandIhadtoattendhimafterclass.

14.target/'ta:git/n.目標；對象；靶子；vt.把..作為攻擊目標

請翻譯：

首先，將播放有關目標學生生活的視頻。

Firstly,avideoaboutthelifeofthetargetedstudentswillbeshown.

15.embarrassing/im'baerosi口/adj.讓人難堪（尷尬；害羞）的

請翻譯：

我們在生活中經常遇到尷尬的時刻。

Weoftenencounterembarrassingmomentsinourlives.

16.familiar/fo'mlIja/adj.熟悉；熟知

請翻譯：

另外，我特別喜歡郊游，熟悉我們的社區(qū)和城市，善于溝通，樂于助人。

What'smore,Tmespeciallyouting-going,familiarwithourneighborhoodaswellasourcity,goodat

communicationandalwaysgladtohelpothers.

名校模擬試題閱讀

01網絡教學引起了質疑

Universityeducatorslargelythinkhighlyofthewondersofteachingthroughtechnology,butskepticsquestion

whethersomethingislostwhenprofessorsandlecturesrelytooheavilyonelectronicmediaorwheninteraction

withstudentstakesplaceremotely-incyberspaceratherthantherealspaceoftheclassroom.HansUlrich

Gumbrecht,theProfessorofLiteratureatStanfordUniversity,isonesuchskeptic.thinkthisenthusiasticand

sometimeschildishandblindpushingtowardthemoretechnologythebetter,themorewebsitesthebetterteacher,

andsoforth,isverydangerous—is,indeed,suicidal,“heindicates.

However,Gumbrechtwarnsthattherearefew,ifany,studieseithersupportingorrejectingthehypothesis（假

說）thattraditionalwaysofteachingaresuperiortoteachingviatheInternet.Hesaysthathecouldpointonlytohis

“intuition（直覺）thatrealclassroompresenceshouldbemaintained^^,andemphasizestheneedforeducatorsto

examinecriticallywheretechnologyservesausefulpedagogical（教學法的）functionandwhereitdoesnot.

Yet,Gumbrechtallowsthat,forcoursesinwhichknowledgetransmissionisthesolepurpose,electronicmedia

probablycandothejobwellenough.Indeed,giventhe20thcentury'sknowledgeexplosionandtheincreasingcosts

ofhighereducation,usingtechnologyasopposedtoreal-lifeteachersforthetransmissionofinformationisprobably

unavoidable,headmits.Inanycase,knowledgetransmissionshouldnotbethecorefunctionoftheuniversity,he

maintains,notingthatuniversitiesshouldbeplaceswherepeopleconfrontopenquestions,placesfor''intellectual

compIexity^^and“riskfillthinking^^.

“Wearenotaboutfindingortransmittingsolutions;wearenotaboutrecipes;wearenotaboutmaking

intellectuallifeeasy.Confrontationwithcomplexityiswhatexpandsyourmind.Itissomethinglikeintellectual

gymnastics.Andthisiswhatmakesyouasuitablememberofthesociety.^^

Moreover,discussionsinthephysicalpresenceofotherscanleadtotheintellectualinnovalion（倉ij新）."There's

aqualitativechange,andyoudon'tknowhowithappens.Discussionsinthephysicalpresencehavethecapacityof

beingthecatalyst（催化齊lj）forsuchintellectualbreakthroughs.Thepossibilityofin-classroomteaching-ofletting

somethinghappenwhichcannothappenifyouteachbythetransmissionofinformation-isastrength.”

12.WhichofthefollowingmightProfessorGumbrechtsupport?

A.Traditionalpedagogicalfunctionhasitsplaceinclassroom.

B.Professorsshouldbekeenonteachingtechniqueinnovation.

C.Technologiesappliedtoclassroomsstrengthencreativethinking.

D.Thecorefunctionoftheuniversityistofocusonknowledgetransmitting.

13.InwhatcasecouldcyberspaceteachingNOTreplacereal-lifeteaching?

A.Thecostofcollegeeducationincreasinggreatly.

B.Puttingmuchknowledgeacrosstothestudents.

C.Transmittingknowledgeastheonlypurposeofacourse.

D.Encouragingopenquestionswithoutpossibleanswers.

14.Whatcanweknowaboutdiscussioninthephysicalpresenceofothers?

A.Itcanleadtogreatlyimprovedintellectualsimplicity.

B.Itcanproducecertainenergyforintellectualbreakthroughs.

C.Itcanleadtoeasierandstrongertransmissionofinformation.

D.Itcanproducequalitativechangeinteacher-studentrelationships.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.CyberspaceInteraction

B.TheCoreFunctionoftheUniversity

C.ElectronicTeachingArousesUncertainty

D.InformationTransmissionCannotHelpYouSurvive

【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了網絡教學引起了質疑。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第二段中的"Hesaysthathecouldpointonlytohis'intuition（直覺）thatrealclassroompresence

shouldbemaintained',andemphasizestheneedforeducatorstoexaminecriticallywheretechnologyservesauseful

pedagogical（教學法的）funciionandwhereitdoesnot.（他說，他只能指出他的，直覺,即應該保持真實的課堂

存在，并強調教育工作者有必要批判性地檢查技術在哪些地方發(fā)揮了有用的教學功能，哪些地方沒有。）”

可知，Gumbrecht認為傳統(tǒng)的教室教學是有一定的教學優(yōu)勢的。故選A項。

【13題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的"Yet,Gumbrechtallowsthat,forcoursesinwhichknowledgetransmissionisthe

solepurpose,electronicmediaprobablycandothejobwellenough.（但是，Gumbrecht承認對于傳遞知識是唯

一目的的課程，電子媒體可以做到足夠好。廠以及“Indeed,giventhe20由century'sknowledgeexplosionand

theincreasingcostsofhighereducation,usingtechnologyasopposedtoreal-lifeteachersforthetransmissionof

informationisprobablyunavoidable,headmits.（他承認，確實，20世紀的知識爆炸，逐漸增加的更高的教育

成本，用技術而不是真實生活的老師來傳遞信息可能是不可避免的。）”可知，在“大學教育成本逐漸增加“、

“把許多知識傳授給學生''及"傳播知識是課程的唯一目的'’的情形下，網絡教學可以代替真實的教學，D選

項“鼓勵可能沒有答案的開放式問題”不包括在內。故選D項。

【14題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段中的“Discussionsinthephysicalpresencehavethecapacityofbeingthecatalyst（催

化劑）forsuchintellectualbreakthroughs.（現場討論能成為智力突破的催化劑。）”可知，和別人現場討論可以

產生一定的智力突破的能力。故選B項。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據文章開頭“Universityeducatorslargelythinkhighlyofthewondersofteachingthrough

technology,butskepticsquestionwhethersomethingislostwhenprofessorsandlecturesrelytooheavilyon

electronicmediaorwheninteractionwithstudentstakesplaceremotely—incyberspaceratherthantherealspace

oftheclassroom.（大學的教育者們高度評價通過科技所帶來的教學奇跡，但是有懷疑者提出質疑，當教授和

講課過度依賴電子媒體，或者和學生的互動是通過網絡而不是真實的教室空間遠距離發(fā)生時，是否失去了

某些東西。）”以及文章結尾談到教室內教學的優(yōu)勢“Thepossibilityofin-classroomteaching—ofletting

somethinghappenwhichcannothappenifyouteachbythetransinissionofinformation—isastrength.（課堂教學

的可能性——通過傳遞信息的方式進行教學，可以讓一些不可能發(fā)生的事情發(fā)生——是一種優(yōu)勢。戶可知，

文章主要講述網絡教學引起質疑。故選C項。

02為難以到達的地區(qū)提供互聯網服務的項目

Coogle'sparentcompanyiswindingdownaprojectthatusedhigh-lyingballoonstoprovideInternetservices

tohard-to-reachareasoftheworld.

Theproject,knownasLoon,startedin2011.ItwasmanagedbyAlphabetInc.Itaimedtobringconnectivity

toareasoftheworldwhereground-basedcelltowers（手機信號塔）weretooexpensiveortoodifficulttosetup.

ButLoonwasunabletoreducecostsenoughtomakeitsbusinessmodelrun,theprojecfsleader,Alastair

Westgarth,saidinablogpost."Whilewe'vefoundanumberofwillingpartnersalongtheway,wehaven'tfounda

waytogetthecostslowenoughtobuildalong-term,competitivebusiness,“Westgarhsaid.

Loon'sshutdownisn'tsurprising,economistssaid.

Loon'stechnologysentgas-filledballoonsthesizeoftenniscourtsintotheair.Theyusuallystayatheightsof

around60,000to75,000feet.There,onboardcommunicationsequipmentsentInternetsignalsbackdowntoearth.

Thesystemwasabletooffermobilecoveragetoanarea200timeslargerthanatraditionalground-basedcelltower.

However,acarrierwouldneedseveralballoonsatonce,eachwouldcosttensofthousandsofdollarsandlastonly

aboutfivemonths.

Alphabetwasn'taloneinrunningprojectsaimedatofferingInternetconnectiontohard-to-reachareas.

CompaniessuchasAmazon,comInc.andElonMusk'sSpaceXhavebeenmakingeffortstoprovideInternet

connectioninsuchplaces,usingsatellitesinnearEarthorbit.

Overthelastfewyears,Loon'stechnologyhasprovedsuccessfulinsomesufferingcommunities.In2017,the

projectsentballoonsintotheskiesabovePuertoRicoafterateniblehurricanedamagedtheisland'scommunications

facilities.Twoyearslater,soonaftera7.8earthquakestruckpartsofPeru,Loon'sballoonsbegantoprovidethe

localswithmobileconnectivity.

RichDevaul,afounderoftheproject,saidtheneedformobileconnectivitywasrapidlyrisingrecently.This

madecelltowersmorecost-effectivethanhehadexpectedtenyearsago,reducingtheneedforLoon,“Theproblem

gotsolvedfasterthanwethought/'hesaidinaninterview.

12.WhyisAlphabetshuttingdownLoon?

A.Manylocalcommunitiesdislikedtheproject.

B.Itwastoocostlytocontinuetheproject.

C.Thetechnologywasnolongeradvanced.

D.Itwastoodifficulttosetupthesystems,

13.HowdoestheauthorintroduceLoon'stechnologyinparagraph5?

A.Bydescribingdifficultiesinusingit.

B.Byprovidingresearchresultsaboutit.

C.Byexplainingisadvantagesanddisadvantages.

D.Byshowingitsdifferencesfromtraditionalones.

14.WhatcanwelearnaboutthetechnologyofLoon?

A.Ithelpedareashitbynaturaldisasters.

B.Itsuitedtheneedofdevelopedcountries,

C.Itwasunabletoworkinterribleweather.

D.Itwaslesselectivethantraditionalsysten9.

15.WhatwasunexpectedforRichDevaul?

A.Communicationsproblemsbecameworse.

B.Celltowersbecamemoreeconomicalinashorttime.

C.Othercompanieswouldrunsimilarprojects

D.TheInternetconnectionsweregettingfaster.

【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.B

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了一個利用高空氣球為世界上難以到達的地區(qū)提供互聯網服務的項目，

這個項目因高昂的花費而正在被關閉。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中“BuiLoonwasunabletoreducecostsenoughtomakeitsbusinessmodelrun,the

project9sleader,AlastairWestgarth,saidinablogpost.(Loon項目負責人阿拉斯泰爾?韋斯特加斯(Alastair

Westgarth)在一篇博客文章中表示，Loon未能將成本降低到足以維持其商業(yè)模式的水平。戶可知，Alphabet

關閉Loon是因為繼續(xù)這個項目的花費太大了。故選B項。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第五段最后兩句"Thesystemwasabletooffermobilecoveragetoanarea200timeslargerthan

atraditionalground-basedcelltower.However,acarrierwouldneedseveralballoonsatonce,eachwouldcosttens

ofthousandsofdollarsandlastonlyaboutfivemonths.(該系統(tǒng)能夠提供的移動覆蓋范圍比傳統(tǒng)的地面發(fā)射塔

大200倍。然而，一個載物架一次需要幾個氣球，每個氣球花費數萬美元，而且只能使用大約5個月。y

可知，本段是通過解釋其優(yōu)缺點來介紹Loon這項技術的。故選C項。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中“In2017,theprojectsentballoonsintotheskiesabovePuertoRicoafterateiTible

hurricanedamagedtheisland'scommunicationsfacilities.Twoyearslater,soonaftera7.8earthquakestruckparts

ofPeru,Loon'sballoonsbegantoprovidethelocalswithmobileconnectivity.(2017年,在一場可怕的颶風破壞

了波多黎各的通訊設施后，該項目向波多黎各上空放飛了氣球。兩年后，一場7.8級的地震襲擊秘魯部分

地區(qū)后不久，Loon的氣球開始為當地人提供移動連接。廠可知，Loon技術幫助遭受自然災害的地區(qū)。故選

A項。

【15題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段中'4Thismadecelltowersmorecost-effectivethanhehadexpectedtenyearsago,

reducingtheneedforLoon,'Theproblemgotsolvedfasterthanwethought/hesaidinaninterview.(這使得手機

信號塔比他十年前預期的要更加劃算，減少了對Loon的需求?！瘑栴}解決得比我們想象的要快，’他在接受

采訪時說)”可知，令RichDevaul意外的是手機信號塔在短時間內變得更加經濟實惠。故選B項。

真題閱讀

01對信息技術的過分迷戀的影響

Whocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheinternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashing

machine?Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?

Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople'sopinions.However,theyhavereal

impacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.

ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbythe

internet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso“yesterday”thattheyshouldtry

toliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety^^hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturing

sector(制造業(yè)),withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.

Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeinternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternational

communitytoworryaboutthe"digitaldivide“betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.Thishasled

companiesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandinternet

facilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgiving

moneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmore

affordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople'slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputer

orsettingupinternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,but

manydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsand

benefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.

Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthe

technologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina“borderlessworld^^.

Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,manypeoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappening

todayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhichwillbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.

Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-

borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.

Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,bothatthe

nationalandtheinternationallevels,andformakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.However,our

fascinationwiththelatest,andourundervaluationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,can,andhas,ledusinall

sortsofwrongdirections.

61.Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto.

A.alackofconfidenceintechnology

B.aslowprogressintechnology

C.aconflictofpublicopinions

D.awasteoflimitedresources

62.TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould.

A.takepeople'sessentialneedsintoaccount

B.maketheirprogrammesattractivetopeople

C.ensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupport

D.providemoreaffordableinternetfacilities

63.Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?

A.Neglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.

B.Believingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.

C.Ignoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.

D.Over-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.

64.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Peopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.

B.Traditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.

C.Makingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.

D.Economicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.

【答案】61.D62.A63.B64.B

【解析】

這是一篇議論文。文章講述了對信息技術的過分迷戀會對國家，對個人，對慈善事業(yè)造成不利的影響。

[61題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.可

知，對信息技術的錯誤判斷會導致有限資源的錯誤使用，也就是資源的浪費，故選D。

【62題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第四段Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extending

electricitynetworksandmakingmoreafifordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople'slivesmorethan

givingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupinternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethings

arenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessing

therelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.可知，與其給那些貧困地區(qū)孩子筆記

本電腦或者建網絡中心，還不如給錢打井，鋪電網或者生產他們買得起的洗衣機，這些東西更能改善他們

的生活。作者不是說這些東西一定更重要，但是很多捐贈者沒有仔細考慮捐贈的東西的長期成本，因此作

者建議捐贈者要考慮接受捐贈的人的實際情況，而不是一味地追求信息化，故選A。

[63題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段內容可知，對新東西的迷戀讓人們認為如今通訊技術和交通的變革讓我們生活在

一個無國界的世界，正是認為我們生活在這樣一個世界，很多政府取消了關于跨國界的資本、勞動力以及

商品流動的法律法規(guī)，故選B。

【64題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第三段ThefascinationwiththeICT（InformationandCommunicationTechnology）revolution,

representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"

thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin''post-industrialsociety"hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheir

manufacturingsector（制造業(yè)）withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.可知，對互聯網呈現的通訊技