【高一 拓展閱讀-生物】Butterfly Garden

ButterflyGardenIftherewereabeautycontestforinsects，butterflieswouldwinbyalandslide.Mostbutterfliesliveforonlyafewweeksintheirglamorous，winged（有翅膀的）stageoflifeMostoftheirlifespan（壽命）isspentinotherstages:egg，caterpillar，chrysalis（蝶蛹），thenadult（withwings）.Thefemalelayshereggsonaplantforagoodreason.Thecaterpillarthathatchesfromtheeggusestheplantasfood，eatingalmostenoughforalifetime.Duringthechrysalisstage，thecaterpillartransformsintoanadult.Then，theadultbutterflyfeedsonfruitsorthenectarofflowers.Butbutterfliesandtheircaterpillarscan'teatjustanyplant.Manyareverypicky.TheymusteatwhateverplantshaveevolvedalongwiththemintheirownneighbourhoodsThereareover45，000speciesofbutterflies.Eachspeciesevolvedeatingthefloweringplantsthatgrewintheirownneighbourhoods.Overtensofmillionsofyears，thebutterfliesandtheirfavouriteplantshavelivedhappilytogether.Butthenpeoplecamealongandmixeduptheplants.Theybroughtnewplantsfromotherpartsoftheworldandplantedthemascropsorgardenorroadlandscaping（景觀美化）.Someoftheseplantsgrewsowellthattheystartedtochokeoutthenativeplants.LotsofnativeplantsgotbulldozedawaysopeoplecouldbuildhousesorshoppingmallsorballparksEveninthecityparksandgardens，thegreenlawnsandflowersandtreeswerenotnatives.But,alas（唉）,manyofthenativebutterfliescouldn'teattheseforeignplants.Andtheonestheycouldeatweregettinghardertofind.Sotheirpopulationsdwindled.Actually,90%ofinsectspeciescaneatonlytheplantsthatarenativetotheirownregions.Butwecanhelpthem!Youcanplantabutterflygarden.Itisjustamatteroffindingoutwhatplantsusedtogrowinyourownbackyardbeforepeoplecame.Youmaybeabletofindabookorwebsitedescribingthenativeplantsofyourlocation.Then,findanurseryorwebsitethatsellstheseedsortheplants.Youwillneednectarplantsfortheadultbutterfliesandhostplantsforthecaterpillars.Makeagardenofyourlocalbutterflies’favouritefoodsandyouwillhaveabeautifulgardenofflowersandbutterflies.ReadingComprehensionChoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion.1.Whatisthemainreasonbutterfliesarestrugglingtosurvive?A.Manyofthespeciesareunabletomigrate.B.Theycan’tfindenoughbutterflygardensnearthem.C.Theyarelosingtheirfoodbecauseoftheincreaseoflocalbirds.D.Peoplehavebroughtinnewplantsandremovednativespecies.2.Whatisthemainbenefitofplantingbutterflygardens?A.Therewillbemoreberriesandseedsintheautumn.B.Thegardenwillbefullofcolourfulflowersandplants.C.Thebutterfliesintheareawillbeabletoeatnativespecies.D.Therewillbegoodsceneriesforyoutoenjoy.3.Howlonghavethebutterflieslivedhappilytogetherwiththeirfavouriteplants?A.Over25,000years.B.Over45,000years.C.Tensofmillionsofyears.D.Over55,000years.4.Inline6ofthefourthparagraph,whatdoes"bulldoze"mean?A.Tostopsth.B.Todestroysth.C.Tocontrolsth.D.Tobuildsth.5.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaboutbutterflies?A.Mostbutterfliesliveforonlyafewweeksasanadult.B.Butterfliesandtheircaterpillarscan’teatjustanyplant.C.Theadultbutterflyonlyfeedsonthenectarofflowers.D.Mostofthebutterflieslifespanisspentinfourstages.Vocabulary基礎(chǔ)詞beautyn.美；美感；美好的人或物記聯(lián)想記憶：BeautyandtheBeast（《美女與野獸》）搭SleepingBeauty《睡美人》femaleadj.女（性）的；雌（性）的n.女性；雌性的動(dòng)物/植物英beingawomanoragirl記聯(lián)想記憶：雌（female）雄（male）相吸搭femalecharacters女性角色femaleanimals雌性動(dòng)物feedv.[fed-fed]喂養(yǎng)；為…提供食品；進(jìn)食英togivefoodtoapersonorananimal記聯(lián)想記憶：播種就是給土地喂（feed）種子（seed）搭feedon以…為食befedup（with.）（對(duì)…）厭倦，受夠了neighbourhoodn.所在地，鄰近地區(qū)；街區(qū)，城區(qū)記詞根記憶：neighbour（鄰居）+hood→鄰近的地方speciesn.（動(dòng)物或植物的）種，種類(lèi)；物種記詞根記憶：speci（種類(lèi)）+es→（動(dòng)物或植物的）種類(lèi)搭endangeredspecies瀕危物種gardenn.花園，果園，菜園英anareainayardwhereyougrowflowersorplantschokev.（使）噎佳；（使）窒息；（使）更噎；塞滿，堵塞n.更噎聲，嗆佳的聲音記聯(lián)想記憶：喝可樂(lè)（coke）被嗆著（choke）了nativeadj.本國(guó)的；本地的；出生地的，本土的n.本地人；本國(guó)人記詞根記憶：nat（出生）+ive（表名詞，人）→本地人搭nativespeaker說(shuō)母語(yǔ)的人nativelanguage母語(yǔ)foreignadj.外國(guó)的；外來(lái)的英inorfromacountrythatisnotyourown搭aforeignlanguage-門(mén)外語(yǔ)Vocabulary進(jìn)階詞contestv.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；爭(zhēng)辯，對(duì)…提出異議n.競(jìng)賽；爭(zhēng)奪記詞根記憶：con（共同）+test（測(cè)試）→大家匯聚到一起參加測(cè)試→競(jìng)賽例Fourcandidatescontestedtheleadership.有4位候選人角逐領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)。landsliden.山崩，塌方；壓倒性勝利英amassofearthrock，etcthatfallsdowntheslopeofamountainoracliff記組合詞：land（土地）+side（滑落）山崩caterpillarn.毛毛蟲(chóng)英asmallcreaturelikeawormwithlegsthatdevelopsintoabutterflyormothnectarn.花蜜；甘露；瓊漿玉液記原指希臘和羅馬神話中如花蜜般的神酒，后引申為“花蜜”搭mangonectar芒果汁pickyadj.挑剔的；難以取悅的記來(lái)自pick（vt.挑選）搭apickyeater一個(gè)挑食的人evolvev.發(fā)展；進(jìn)化記詞根記憶：e（向上）+volv（卷動(dòng)）+e→事物的發(fā)展是螺旋上升的→發(fā)展搭evolveinto發(fā)展成，進(jìn)化成evolvefrom從…逐漸形成/發(fā)展成dwindlevt.減少；縮小英tobecomegraduallylessorsmaller記聯(lián)想記憶：d+wind（風(fēng)）+e→隨風(fēng)而去，越來(lái)越小→縮小例Yourinvitationswilldwindleandyourcircleoffriendswilldefinitelyshrink.你接到的邀請(qǐng)會(huì)減少，朋友圈也會(huì)縮小describevt.描述，描