行星齒輪中英文對照外文翻譯文獻

行星齒輪中英文對照外文翻譯文獻行星齒輪中英文對照外文翻譯文獻(文檔含英文原文和中文翻譯)

原文：PlanetaryGearsIntroductionTheTamiyaplanetarygearboxisdrivenbyasmallDCmotorthatrunsatabout10,500rpmon3.0VDCanddrawsabout1.0A.Themaximumspeedratiois1:400,givinganoutputspeedofabout26rpm.Fourplanetarystagesaresuppliedwiththegearbox,two1:4andtwo1:5,andanycombinationcanbeselected.Notonlyisthisagooddriveforsmallmechanicalapplications,itprovidesanexcellentreviewofepicyclegeartrains.Thegearboxisaverywell-designedplastickitthatcanbeassembledinaboutanhourwithveryfewtools.ThesourceforthekitisgivenintheReferences.Let'sbeginbyreviewingthefundamentalsofgearing,andthetrickofanalyzingepicyclicgeartrains.EpicyclicGearTrainsApairofspurgearsisrepresentedinthediagrambytheirpitchcircles,whicharetangentatthepitchpointP.Themeshinggearteethextendbeyondthepitchcirclebytheaddendum,andthespacesbetweenthemhaveadepthbeneaththepitchcirclebythededendum.Iftheradiiofthepitchcirclesareaandb,thedistancebetweenthegearshaftsisa+b.Intheactionofthegears,thepitchcirclesrollononeanotherwithoutslipping.Toensurethis,thegearteethmusthaveapropershapesothatwhenthedrivinggearmovesuniformly,sodoesthedrivengear.Thismeansthatthelineofpressure,normaltothetoothprofilesincontact,passesthroughthepitchpoint.Then,thetransmissionofpowerwillbefreeofvibrationandhighspeedsarepossible.Wewon'ttalkfurtheraboutgearteethhere,havingstatedthisfundamentalprincipleofgearing.IfagearofpitchradiusahasNteeth,thenthedistancebetweencorrespondingpointsonsuccessiveteethwillbe2πa/N,aquantitycalledthecircularpitch.Iftwogearsaretomate,thecircularpitchesmustbethesame.Thepitchisusuallystatedastheration2a/N,calledthediametralpitch.Ifyoucountthenumberofteethonagear,thenthepitchdiameteristhenumberofteethtimesthediametralpitch.Ifyouknowthepitchdiametersoftwogears,thenyoucanspecifythedistancebetweentheshafts.Thevelocityratiorofapairofgearsistheratiooftheangularvelocityofthedrivengeartotheangularvelocityofthedrivinggear.Bytheconditionofrollingofpitchcircles,r=-a/b=-N1/N2,sincepitchradiiareproportionaltothenumberofteeth.Theangularvelocitynofthegearsmaybegiveninradians/sec,revolutionsperminute(rpm),oranysimilarunits.Ifwetakeonedirectionofrotationaspositive,thentheotherdirectionisnegative.Thisisthereasonforthe(-)signintheaboveexpression.Ifoneofthegearsisinternal(havingteethonitsinnerrim),thenthevelocityratioispositive,sincethegearswillrotateinthesamedirection.Theusualinvolutegearshaveatoothshapethatistolerantofvariationsinthedistancebetweentheaxes,sothegearswillrunsmoothlyifthisdistanceisnotquitecorrect.Thevelocityratioofthegearsdoesnotdependontheexactspacingoftheaxes,butisfixedbythenumberofteeth,orwhatisthesamething,bythepitchdiameters.Slightlyincreasingthedistanceaboveitstheoreticalvaluemakesthegearsruneasier,sincetheclearancesarelarger.Ontheotherhand,backlashisalsoincreased,whichmaynotbedesiredinsomeapplications.Anepicyclicgeartrainhasgearshaftsmountedonamovingarmorcarrierthatcanrotateabouttheaxis,aswellasthegearsthemselves.Thearmcanbeaninputelement,oranoutputelement,andcanbeheldfixedorallowedtorotate.Theoutergearistheringgearorannulus.Asimplebutverycommonepicyclictrainisthesun-and-planetepicyclictrain,showninthefigureattheleft.Threeplanetarygearsareusedformechanicalreasons;theymaybeconsideredasoneindescribingtheactionofthegearing.Thesungear,thearm,ortheringgearmaybeinputoroutputlinks.Ifthearmisfixed,sothatitcannotrotate,wehaveasimpletrainofthreegears.Then,n2/n1=-N1/N2,n3/n2=+N2/N3,andn3/n1=-N1/N3.Thisisverysimple,andshouldnotbeconfusing.Ifthearmisallowedtomove,figuringoutthevelocityratiostaxesthehumanintellect.Attemptingthiswillshowthetruthofthestatement;ifyoucanmanageit,youdeservepraiseandfame.Itisbynomeansimpossible,justinvoved.However,thereisaveryeasywaytogetthedesiredresult.First,justconsiderthegeartrainlocked,soitmovesasarigidbody,armandall.Allthreegearsandthearmthenhaveaunityvelocityratio.Thetrickisthatanymotionofthegeartraincancarriedoutbyfirstholdingthearmfixedandrotatingthegearsrelativetooneanother,andthenlockingthetrainandrotatingitaboutthefixedaxis.Thenetmotionisthesumordifferenceofmultiplesofthetwoseparatemotionsthatsatisfiestheconditionsoftheproblem(usuallythatoneelementisheldfixed).Tocarryoutthisprogram,constructatableinwhichtheangularvelocitiesofthegearsandarmarelistedforeach,foreachofthetwocases.Thelockedtraingives1,1,1,1forarm,gear1,gear2andgear3.Armfixedgives0,1,-N1/N2,-N1/N3.Supposewewantthevelocityrationbetweenthearmandgear1,whengear3isfixed.Multiplythefirstrowbyaconstantsothatwhenitisaddedtothesecondrow,thevelocityofgear3willbezero.ThisconstantisN1/N3.Now,doingonedisplacementandthentheothercorrespondstoaddingthetworows.WefindN1/N3,1+N1/N3,N1/N3-N1/N2.Thefirstnumberisthearmvelocity,thesecondthevelocityofgear1,sothevelocityratiobetweenthemisN1/(N1+N3),aftermultiplyingthroughbyN3.ThisisthevelocityratioweneedfortheTamiyagearbox,wheretheringgeardoesnotrotate,thesungearistheinput,andthearmistheoutput.Theprocedureisgeneral,however,andwillworkforanyepicyclictrain.OneoftheTamiyaplanetarygearassemblieshasN1=N2=16,N3=48,whiletheotherhasN1=12,N2=18,N3=48.Becausetheplanetarygearsmustfitbetweenthesunandringgears,theconditionN3=N1+2N2mustbesatisfied.Itisindeedsatisfiedforthenumbersofteethgiven.Thevelocityratioofthefirstsetwillbe16/(48+16)=1/4.Thevelocityratioofthesecondsetwillbe12/(48+12)=1/5.Bothratiosareasadvertised.Notethatthesungearandarmwillrotateinthesamedirection.Thebestgeneralmethodforsolvingepicyclicgeartrainsisthetabularmethod,sinceitdoesnotcontainhiddenassumptionslikeformulas,norrequiretheworkofthevectormethod.Thefirststepistoisolatetheepicyclictrain,separatingthegeartrainsforinputsandoutputsfromit.Findtheinputspeedsorturns,usingtheinputgeartrains.Thereare,ingeneral,twoinputs,oneofwhichmaybezeroinsimpleproblems.Nowpreparetworowsofthetableofturnsorangularvelocities.Thefirstrowcorrespondstorotatingaroundtheepicyclicaxisonce,andconsistsofall1's.Writedownthesecondrowassumingthatthearmvelocityiszero,usingtheknowngearratios.Therowthatyouwantisalinearcombinationofthesetworows,withunknownmultipliersxandy.Summingtheentriesfortheinputgearsgivestwosimultaneouslinearequationsforxandyintermsoftheknowninputvelocities.Nowthesumofthetworowsmultipliedbytheirrespectivemultipliersgivesthespeedsofallthegearsofinterest.Finally,findtheoutputspeedwiththeaidoftheoutputgeartrain.Becarefultogetthedirectionsofrotationcorrect,withrespecttoadirectiontakenaspositive.TheTamiyaGearboxKitThepartsarebestcutfromthesprueswithaflush-cutterofthetypeusedinelectronics.TheverysmallbitsofplasticremainingcanthenberemovedwithasharpX-actoknife.Carefullyremoveallexcessplastic,astheinstructionssay.Readtheinstructionscarefullyandmakesurethatthingsaretherightwayupandinthecorrectrelativepositons.Thegearboxunitsgotogethereasilywithlightpressure.Notethatthebrownonesmustgotogetherinthecorrectrelativeorientation.The4mmwashersaretheonesofwhichtwoaresupplied,andthereisalsoafull-sizedrawingofoneintheinstructions.Thesmallerwasherswillnotfitovertheshaft,anyway.Theoutputshaftismetal.Uselargerlong-noseplierstopresstheE-ringintopositioninitsgrooveinfrontofthewasher.Thereisapictureshowinghowtodothis.TherewasanextraE-ringinmykit.Thethreeprongsfitintothecarriersfortheplanetarygears,andaredrivenbythem.Nowstackupthegearboxunitsasdesired.Iusedallfour,beingsuretoputa1:5unitontheendnexttothemotor.Therefore,Ineededthelongscrews.Presstheorangesungearforthelast1:5unitfirmlyonthemotorshaftasfarasitwillgo.Ifitisnotwell-seated,themotorclipwillnotclose.Itmightbeagoodideatoputsomelubricantonthisgearfromthetubeincludedwiththekit.Ifyouuseadifferentlubricant,testitfirstonapieceofplasticfromthekittomakesurethatitiscompatible.Adrygraphitelubricantwouldalsoworkquitewell.Thisshouldspreadlubricantonallpartsofthelastunit,whichistheonesubjecttothehighestspeeds.Putthemotorinplace,gentlybutfirmly,wigglingitsothatthesungearmeshes.Ifthesungearisnotmeshed,themotorclipwillnotclose.Nowputthemotorterminalsinaverticalcolumn,andpressonthemotorclamp.Thereverseoftheinstructionsshowhowtoattachthedrivearmandgivessomehintsonuseofthegearbox.Igotanextraspringpin,andtwoextra3mmwashers.Ifyouhavesomesmallwashers,theycanbeusedonthemachinescrewsholdingthegearboxtogether.Enoughtorqueisproducedattheoutputtodamagethings(upto6kg-cm),somakesuretheoutputarmcanrotatefreely.IusedastandardlaboratoryDCsupplywithvariablevoltageandcurrentlimiting,butdrycellscouldbeusedaswell.Thecurrentdrainof1AishighevenforDcells,soapowersupplyisindicatedforserioususe.Theinstructionssaynottoexceed4.5V,whichisgoodadvice.With400:1reduction,themotorshouldrunfreelywhatevertheoutputload.Mygearboxranwellthefirsttimeitwastested.Itimedtheoutputrevolutionswithastopwatch,andfound47sfor20revolutions,or25.5rpm.Thiscorrespondsto10,200rpmatthemotor,whichisclosetospecifications.Itwouldbeeasytoconnectanothergearboxinserieswiththisone(partsareincludedtomakethispossible),andgetabout4revolutionsperhour.Stillanothergearboxwouldproduceaboutonerevolutioninfourdays.Thisisanexcellentkit,andIrecommendithighly.OtherEpicyclicTrainsAveryfamousepicyclicchainistheWattsun-and-planetgear,patentedin1781asanalternativetothecrankforconvertingthereciprocatingmotionofasteamengineintorotarymotion.ItwasinventedbyWilliamMurdoch.Thecrank,atthattime,hadbeenpatentedandWattdidnotwanttopayroyalties.Anincidentaladvantagewasa1:2increaseintherotativespeedoftheoutput.However,itwasmoreexpensivethanacrank,andwasseldomusedafterthecrankpatentexpired.WatchtheanimationonWikipedia.Theinputisthearm,whichcarriestheplanetgearwheelmatingwiththesungearwheelofequalsize.Theplanetwheelispreventedfromrotatingbybeingfastenedtotheconnectingrod.Itoscillatesalittle,butalwaysreturnstothesameplaceoneveryrevolution.Usingthetabularmethodexplainedabove,thefirstlineis1,1,1wherethefirstnumberreferstothearm,thesecondtotheplanetgear,andthethirdtothesungear.Thesecondlineis0,-1,1,wherewehaverotatedtheplanetoneturnanticlockwise.Adding,weget1,0,2,whichmeansthatonerevolutionofthearm(onedoublestrokeoftheengine)givestworevolutionsofthesungear.Wecanusethesun-and-planetgeartoillustrateanothermethodforanalyzingepicyclicaltrainsinwhichweusevelocities.Thismethodmaybemoresatisfyingthanthetabularmethodandshowmoreclearlyhowthetrainworks.Inthediagramattheright,AandOarethecentresoftheplanetandsungears,respectively.ArotatesaboutOwithangularvelocityω1,whichweassumeclockwise.Atthepositionshown,thisgivesAavelocity2ω1upward,asshown.Nowtheplanetgeardoesnotrotate,soallpointsinitmovewiththesamevelocityasA.ThisincludesthepitchpointP,whichisalsoapointinthesungear,whichrotatesaboutthefixedaxisOwithangularvelocityω2.Therefore,ω2=2ω1,thesameresultaswiththetabularmethod.Thediagramattheleftshowshowthevelocitymethodisappliedtotheplanetarygearsettreatedabove.Thesunandplanetgearsareassumedtobethesamediameter(2units).Theringgearisthenofdiameter6.Letusassumethesungearisfixed,sothatthepitchpointPisalsofixed.ThevelocityofpointAistwicetheangularvelocityofthearm.SincePisfixed,P'mustmoveattwicethevelocityofA,orfourtimesthevelocityofthearm.However,thevelocityofP'isthreetimestheangularvelocityoftheringgearaswell,sothat3ωr=4ωa.Ifthearmistheinput,thevelocityratioisthen3:4,whileiftheringistheinput,thevelocityratiois4:3.Athree-speedbicyclehubmaycontaintwooftheseepicyclicaltrains,withtheringgearsconnected(actually,commontothetwotrains).Theinputfromtherearsprocketistothearmofonetrain,whiletheoutputtothehubisfromthearmofthesecondtrain.Itispossibletolockoneorbothofthesungearstotheaxle,orelsetolockthesungeartothearmandfreeoftheaxle,sothatthetraingivesa1:1ratio.Thethreegearsare:high,3:4,outputtrainlocked;middle,1:1,bothtrainslocked,andlow,4:3inputtrainlocked.Ofcourse,thisisjustonepossibility,andmanydifferentvariablehubshavebeenmanufactured.TheplanetaryvariablehubwasintroducedbySturmey-Archerin1903.ThepopularAWhubhadtheratiosmentionedhere.Chainhoistsmayuseepicyclicaltrains.Theringgearisstationary,partofthemainhousing.Theinputistothesungear,theoutputfromtheplanetcarrier.Thesunandplanetgearshaveverydifferentdiameters,toobtainalargereductionratio.TheModelTFord(1908-1927)usedarevertedepicyclictransmissioninwhichbrakebandsappliedtotheshaftscarryingsungearsselectedthegearratio.Thelowgearratiowas11:4forward,whilethereversegearratiowas-4:1.Thehighgearwas1:1.Revertedmeansthatthegearsontheplanetcarriershaftdroveothergearsonshaftsconcentricwiththemainshaft,wherethebrakebandswereapplied.Thefloorcontrolswerethreepedals:low-neutral-high,reverse,transmissionbrake.Thehandbrakeappliedstoppedtheleft-handpedalatneutral.Thesparkadvanceandthrottlewereonthesteeringcolumn.Theautomotivedifferential,illustratedattheright,isabevel-gearepicyclictrain.Thepiniondrivestheringgear(crownwheel)whichrotatesfreely,carryingtheidlergears.Onlyoneidlerisnecessary,butmorethanonegivesbettersymmetry.Theringgearcorrespondstotheplanetcarrier,andtheidlergearstotheplanetgears,oftheusualepicyclicchain.Theidlergearsdrivethesidegearsonthehalf-axles,whichcorrespondtothesunandringgears,andaretheoutputgears.Whenthetwohalf-axlesrevolveatthesamespeed,theidlersdonotrevolve.Whenthehalf-axlesmoveatdifferentspeeds,theidlersrevolve.Thedifferentialappliesequaltorquetothesidegears(theyaredrivenatequaldistancesbytheidlers)whileallowingthemtorotateatdifferentspeeds.Ifonewheelslips,itrotatesatdoublespeedwhiletheotherwheeldoesnotrotate.Thesame(small)torqueis,nevertheless,appliedtobothwheels.Thetabularmethodiseasilyusedtoanalyzetheangularvelocities.Rotatingthechainasawholegives1,0,1,1forring,idler,leftandrightsidegears.Holdingtheringfixedgives0,1,1,-1.Iftherightsidegearisheldfixedandtheringmakesonerotation,wesimplyaddtoget1,1,2,0,whichsaysthattheleftsidegearmakestworevolutions.Thevelocitymethodcanalsobeused,ofcourse.Consideringthe(equal)forcesexertedonthesidegearsbytheidlergearsshowsthatthetorqueswillbeequal.ReferencesTamiyaPlanetaryGearboxSet,Item72001-1400.EdmundScientific,CatalogNo.C029D,itemD30524-08($19.95).C.Carmichael,ed.,Kent'sMechanicalEngineer'sHandbook,12thed.(NewYork:JohnWileyandSons,1950).DesignandProductionVolume,p.14-49to14-43.V.L.Doughtie,ElementsofMechanism,6thed.(NewYork:JohnWileyandSons,1947).pp.299-311.Epicyclicgear.Wikipediaarticleonepicyclictrains.Sunandplanetgear.Includesananimation.行星齒輪機構(gòu)簡介Tamiya行星輪變速箱由一個約10500r/min,3.0V，1.0A的直流電機運行。最大傳動比1:400，輸出速度為26r/min。四級行星輪變速箱由兩個1:4和兩個1:5的傳動級組成，并可以任意選擇組合。對于小的機械應用程序這不僅是一個良好的驅(qū)動器，而且還提供了一個出色檢驗的行星齒輪系。這種齒輪變速箱是一種設(shè)計非常精心的塑料套件，可在約一個小時用很少的工具裝配完成。參考文獻中給出了裝備資料。下面讓我們來開始檢驗齒輪傳動裝置的基本原理和分析行星輪系的技巧。行星輪系一對直齒圓柱齒輪的由節(jié)圓表示在圖表中，它們相切與節(jié)點P點，嚙合齒輪的輪齒齒頂超出了節(jié)圓半徑，在節(jié)圓與齒齒頂之間有一齒頂間隙，。若節(jié)圓半徑分別為a和b，齒輪軸之間的距離就是a+b。為了確保齒輪傳動中，一個節(jié)圓在另一個節(jié)圓上沒有滑動，必須得有適當?shù)男螤畲_保從動輪與主動輪的運動一致。這就意味著接觸線以正常接觸齒廓的形式通過節(jié)點。這時，動力傳遞脫離高速震動達到可能。在這里我們不會進一步談論齒輪輪齒，以及上述有提到的傳動裝置的基本原理。如果一個齒輪節(jié)圓半徑上有N個齒，這時在兩個連續(xù)的齒間的距離，我們稱的齒間距將會是2πa/N。如果兩個齒輪相嚙合，他們之間的齒距必須是相同的。他們之間的節(jié)距通常以2a/N來表示，我們稱為模數(shù)。如果你計算一個齒輪的齒數(shù)，這時節(jié)圓直徑的大小是模數(shù)的倍數(shù)，而倍數(shù)則是齒數(shù)。如果你知道兩個齒輪的節(jié)圓直徑，那么你就能夠得出兩齒輪軸之間的距離。一對齒輪的傳動比r驅(qū)動輪與從動輪之間的角速度之比。因為分度圓之間旋轉(zhuǎn)方向的限制條件，r=-a/b=-N1/N2,，因此它們之間的節(jié)圓半徑比與齒數(shù)成正比。齒輪角速度n可以用轉(zhuǎn)/秒，轉(zhuǎn)/分，或者任何類似的單位表示。如果以一齒輪的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向為正，此時另外一個的方向則為負。這就是上面的表達式中的(-)標志的由于原因。如果其中一個是內(nèi)齒（齒在齒圈內(nèi)部），這時傳動比為正，因此它們的傳動方向一致。常用漸開線齒輪的牙形能夠允許軸線之間一定的變位，所以即使它們之間的距離不是很精確也能夠順利的運行。齒輪的傳動比并不依賴于該軸的精確的間距，而是輪齒或者節(jié)圓諸如此類之間的安裝。稍微增加高于其理論值的距離，能夠使運行更容易。因為其游隙較大的齒輪，在另一方面齒隙也增加，它可能不是我們在某些應用上所希望的。一個行星輪系包含了固定在齒輪軸上的轉(zhuǎn)臂和行星架以及齒輪和旋轉(zhuǎn)的齒輪軸。一個移動的手臂或承運人的有關(guān)該的軸以及齒輪自己可以旋轉(zhuǎn)的齒輪軸。轉(zhuǎn)臂可以是一個輸入或輸出構(gòu)件而且可被固定固定或可旋轉(zhuǎn)。最外面的齒輪為內(nèi)齒輪。一個簡單常見的行星輪是如左圖所示的太陽-行星輪系。這是三個行星齒輪輪系用于機械領(lǐng)域的原因；他們可能被認為是在描述該傳動裝置的操作之一。太陽輪、轉(zhuǎn)臂或內(nèi)齒輪可能成為輸入或輸出的鏈接。如果轉(zhuǎn)臂被固定，就不能旋轉(zhuǎn)，一個簡單的三行星輪輪系嗎有n2/n1=-N1/N2，n3/n2=+N2/N3，和n3/n1=-N1/N3。這是非常簡單，不應令人困惑。如果轉(zhuǎn)臂允許移動，算出速度比彰顯出了人類的智慧。嘗試這將顯示該陳述的真實性；如果你能做到，你應得到贊揚和聲譽。這并不意味這將不可能，只是比較復雜罷了。不過，有一個非常簡單的方法獲得所需的結(jié)果。首先，把這輪系假定認為是鎖定的，因此把轉(zhuǎn)臂和所有的作為剛體、。所有的三個齒輪和手臂然后有一個統(tǒng)一的速度比。行星齒輪任何運動的特點是可以被第一個固定支撐轉(zhuǎn)臂和相對于另外一個旋轉(zhuǎn)的齒輪實現(xiàn)，然后鎖定輪系并關(guān)于固定的軸旋轉(zhuǎn)。凈運動總和或兩個不同的獨立的分離運動來滿足這問題的條件（通常一個構(gòu)件被固定）。若要進行此程序，構(gòu)造的齒輪和轉(zhuǎn)臂臂的角速度列出兩例的每個表。鎖定的輪系給定的N1,N2,N3為齒輪1、齒輪2和齒輪3。固定轉(zhuǎn)臂為0，1，-N1/N2，-N1/N3。假定我們想知道齒輪1與轉(zhuǎn)臂之間的傳動比,當齒輪3固定時，輪1時齒輪3固定的。第一行乘以常量中，以便在添加第二行時，齒輪3的速度將為零。此常量為N1/N3?，F(xiàn)在，做一個位移，然后另對應于添加這兩行。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)N1/N3，1+N1/N3，N1/N3-N1/N2。第一個數(shù)字是揮臂速度，第二個數(shù)字是齒輪1的速度，因此，它們之間的速度比是N1/(N1+N3)，再用這個結(jié)果乘以N3。這就是我們需要的田宮變速器的速度比，在變速器里面，環(huán)齒輪不會旋轉(zhuǎn)，太陽齒輪是輸入端，揮臂速度則是輸出值。這是個通用過程，但可以為任何行星齒輪系服務。田行星齒輪組件之一有N1=N2=16，N3=48，而另有N1=12，N2=18，N3=48。因為行星齒輪必須剛好位于太陽和環(huán)齒輪之間，N3=2N1+N2這個條件必須得到滿足。事實上，這個條件得滿足給定齒輪的數(shù)目。第一個組件的速度比將是16/(48+16)=1/4。第二個組件的速度比將是12/(48+12)=1/5。這兩個比率如同廣告中介紹的那樣。請注意，太陽齒輪和揮臂將向同一個方向旋轉(zhuǎn)。通用的求解行星輪系最佳方法是列表法，因為這種方法不包含像公式一樣的隱藏假設(shè)，也不要求應用矢量法進行計算。第一步是隔離行星輪系，從行星輪系中分離出齒輪輪系的輸入端和輸出值。找到輸入速度或轉(zhuǎn)速，使用輸入的行星齒輪輪系。一般情況下，這里有兩個輸入端，其中之一在簡單情況下可能為零?，F(xiàn)在準備兩行關(guān)于轉(zhuǎn)速或者角速度的圖表。第一行對應于圍繞行星軸旋轉(zhuǎn)一次產(chǎn)生的參數(shù)，并由所有1組成。記下第二行，其中假定臂速度為零，使用已知的齒輪比。你需要的一行是上述兩行組成的一個線性組合，再加上未知乘數(shù)x和y。把輸入的齒輪值相加,根據(jù)已知的輸入速度，同時產(chǎn)生兩個關(guān)于x和y的兩種線性方程組。現(xiàn)在，把這兩行數(shù)值相加的和乘以其各自的乘數(shù)，就產(chǎn)生了相關(guān)的所有齒輪的速度。最后，借助輸出齒輪傳動計算出輸出速度。參考已經(jīng)采取的正方向，務必使其旋轉(zhuǎn)方向正確。田宮齒輪箱工具包各個組件從澆口處很好地被切割成單體，就像是用在電子產(chǎn)品中使用的齊平刀加工過一樣。然后，就可以用一把鋒利的X阿克托刻刀將余下的細小塑料部件移除。要按照說明書所說，小心地除掉所有多余的塑料。仔細閱讀說明，確保所有事情都按正確的方式運行，并位于正確的相對位置。變速箱組件在輕壓下整體運行自如。要注意，棕色部件必須同時朝正確的相對方向運行。4毫米的墊圈由兩個組件提供，說明書中也有一個墊圈的全尺寸繪圖。不過，較小的墊圈在軸上會顯得不適合。輸出軸是金屬材質(zhì)。使用較大的長嘴鉗壓迫E環(huán)使其進入墊圈前部的槽。說明書中有一張圖片講述如何執(zhí)行此操作。工具包中有一個額外的E環(huán)。三個插針進入行星齒輪的傳動器，并受到它們的驅(qū)動?，F(xiàn)在按照設(shè)計把變速箱組件堆疊起來。我使用整個四個組件，但要確保把一個1：5的部件放在電機末端的旁邊。因此，我需要長螺絲刀。橙色的太陽齒輪作為最后一個1:5的部件，務必把這個齒輪緊緊地壓進電機軸，壓到它不能滑動為止。如果這個齒輪沒有放好，電機加緊鉗將不會關(guān)閉。通過該部件自身帶的管子向齒輪注入潤滑油，這樣做效果比較好。如果您使用不同的潤滑劑，首先從部件上取一塊塑料然后滴上潤滑劑進行測試，以確保它和部件能兼容。干石墨潤滑油效果也十分不錯。在最后一個組件的所有組成部分上都要涂滿潤滑油，因為這個組件在運行時能達到最高速度。把電動機放在合適的放置，動作要輕但要牢固，晃動電動機以便使太陽齒輪嚙合。如果太陽齒輪沒有達到嚙合，電動機的加緊鉗將不會關(guān)閉。現(xiàn)在，把電機終端都布置成一個垂直的列陣，并按住電動鉗。說明的背面顯示如何裝上驅(qū)動臂，并對齒輪箱的使用給出一些提示。齒輪箱上有一個額外的彈性圓柱銷和兩個額外的3毫米墊圈。如果有一些小的墊圈，它們可用在機械螺釘上，以把齒輪箱連接在一起。在輸出端產(chǎn)生的扭矩足夠損壞機器（最多6千克-厘米），因此，要確保輸出臂可以自由旋轉(zhuǎn)。機器使用的是擁有變電壓和電流限制標準實驗室直流電源，但也可以使用干電池。對于D電池來說，1安培的電流都是高負荷的，因此要提供充足有效的電源供應。說明書明確告知不能超過4.5V，這是個好建議。擁有400:1的減量后，無論輸出負載怎么樣，電機都能夠自由運行。齒輪箱在第一次測試的時候運行良好。