2023年寧夏石嘴山三中高考英語(yǔ)三模試卷

2023年寧夏石嘴山三中高考英語(yǔ)三模試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

Forhighschoolstudents,justthinkingaboutyourcareerprobablyisn'tenough.Youhavetoactivelydo

someresearchandplan.Herearesomeofthebestcareersforthefutureandhowyoucangetyourfootin

thedoor.

RegisteredNurses

Tobecomeregisterednurses,youYegoingtoneedeitheranassociatedegreeinnursing,aBachelorof

Scienceinnursing,oranotherofficiallyapproveddiploma（文憑）fromanursingprogram.Ifyouwant

tobeapracticingphysician,youllneedamedicaldegreeinyourchosenfieldontopofyourfour-year

degree.

DataAnalysts

Bigdataisagrowingfieldwithprofitableopportunitiesforcollegegraduates.Youarerequiredtohavea

master'sdegreeincomputerscienceoranotherrelatedfield.Datascienceisatraditionallymale-dominated

industryandonly26percentareheldbywomen.Thankfully,itisholdingoutanolivebranchtofemales

andtherearesometerrificprogramsspeciallydesignedforthemtobreakintothisdynamicfield.

Plumbers（管道工）andElectricians

Notallofthebestcareersfbrthefuturewillrequireafour-yearundergraduatedegree.Therersaserious

demandfbrskilledpositionsjobslikeplumbersandtechnicians.Manyofthesepositionsrequireahigh

schooldegreeandoftenanassociatedegreeinarelatedfield,butdon'tnecessarilyrequiregraduationfrom

afour-yearuniversity.

Cybersecurity（網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全）Experts

Theaveragesalariesforcybersecurityexpertscanstartat$80,000fbrITSecurityConsultantsandcan

reachsixfiguresforotherpositionssuchasasecuritydirector.Thebestwaytostartyourpathin

cybersecurityiswithabachelor'sdegreeincomputerscience,informationtechnology,engineering,or

otherrelatedfields.

1.Inwhichjobwillthegenderdistributionprobablybemorebalanced?

A.DataAnalysts.B.RegisteredNurses.

C.CybersecurityExperts.D.PlumbersandElectricians.

2.Tobeacybersecurityexpert,whichisthebasicrequirement?

A.Amaster'sdegreeincomputerscience.

B.Acertificateofhighschoolgraduation.

C.Abachelor'sdegreeininformationtechnology.

D.Adiplomaofficiallyapprovedfromamedicalprogram.

3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Ahealthlecture.B.Aschoolwebsite.

C.Ajobadvertisement.D.Asciencemagazine.

B

ASwedishcompanytrainingcrowstopickuplitterinexchangeforfood,claimsthatitsprogramcould

savecommunitiesafortuneincleaningcosts.

Teachinghumansnottothrowcigarettebuttsonthestreethassofarprovenimpossible,butaSwedish

companyclaimsitcanteachcrowstopickupafterusandsavelocalcommunitiesmillionsofdollarsin

cleaningfeeseveryyear.ltteacheswildcrowstodoourdirtyworkthroughastep-by-steplearningprocess

byrewardingthebirdswithfoodforeverycigarettebutttheycollect.

“Theyareeasiertoteachandthereisalsoahigherchanceofthemlearningfromeachother.Atthesame

time,there'salowerriskofthemmistakenlyeatinganyrubbish,"companyfounder,Hanssen,said.

"They'rewildbirdstakingpartinonavoluntarybasis.'1

CrowsareamongthesmartestbirdsonEarth,andsuchtrainingprogramshaveprovensuccessfulseveral

timesinrecentyears.Infact,thecompanyissoconfidentitcanpullitoffthatithasexpressedinterestin

testingitinonalargerscale,inthetownofSbdertalje.

Hanssenbelievesthattheinitiativecouldsavethemunicipality（自治市）atleast75%ofthecosts

involvedwithpickingupcigarettebutts,dependingonhowhardthecrowswork.Ifitprovessuccessful,

thecompanyhopesthatitwillprovideapermanentcleaningsolutionthatcanbeusedinotherpartsofthe

countryandeventuallynationwide.

Theapproachtolittercleaninghasgottenpositivefeedbackonline,buttherearethosewhothinkthefact

thatwecantraincrowstopickupcigarettebults,butwecan'tgethumansnottothrowthemawayishard

toaccept.Plus,therearethehealthproblemsofconstantlyexposingthebirdstothecigarettebutts.

4.Whatistheadvantageoftheprogram?

A.Itcansavefood.

B.Ithelpsprotectbirds.

C.Itcansavemoney.

D.Ithelpschangepeople'sbadbehavior.

5.Whyarecrowschosenfbrtheprogram?

A.Theyhaveastrongsenseofsmell.

B.Theyhaveastrongabilitytolearn.

C.Theyaregoodatcollectingrubbish.

D.TheyareinlargenumbersinSweden.

6.Whatcanweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Theprogramcandohanntothecrows.

B.Onlyafewpeoplesupporttheprogram.

C.Thecompanycangetafortunefromtheprogram.

D.Theprogramhasservedasacleaningsolutionnationwide.

7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.CrowsLearntoExchangeFood

B.CrowsAreGoodatCollectingLitter

C.CrowsBegintoFeedonCigaretteButts

D.CrowsAreTrainedtoPickUpLitter

c

Scientistshaveinventedanewtypeofbatterythatmakesitpossibletochargeelectricvehiclesinless

than10minutes.Theinnovativedesignforlithiumion（鋰離子）batteriesinvolvesa"record-breaking

combination"ofshorterchargetimeandmoreenergyacquiredforlongertravelrange,accordingtothe

PennStateUniversityresearcherswhocameupwithit.

"Theneedforsmaller,faster-chargingbatteriesisgreaterthanever,"saidProfessorChaoyangWang

fromPennStateUniversity,wholedtheresearch.MTherearesimplynotenoughbatteriesandcriticalraw

materials,especiallythoseproduceddomestically,tomeetexpecteddemand.u

Thefast-chargingtechnologymakesitpossibleforelectricvehiclestodownsizefrom150to50kWh

withoutshorteningrange,makingthemcheaperandmoreefficient.MThesmaller,faster-chargingbatteries

willdramaticallycutdownbatterycostandusageofcriticalrawmaterials,suchascobalt,graphiteand

lithium,enablingmassadoptionofaffordableelectriccars,"saidProfessorWang.

Thebreakthroughcentresonanovelmethodforcontrollingthetemperatureofthebattery,whichis

neededtooptimiseitschargetimeandperformance.Untilnow,thishasinvolvedextremalheatingand

coolingsystemsthatareinefficientandwasteenergy.

Regularbatterieshavethreecomponents—ananode,anelectrolyteandacathode—butthe

fast-chargingsystemaddsafourththatbuildsinthetemperaturecontrolsystem.Anultrathinlayerof

nickel（超薄銀層）actsasastimulustocontrolthebattery'stemperature,allowingfor10-minutefast

chargingforelectriccars.

'Truefast-chargingbatterieswouldhaveimmediateimpact,"theresearchersnoted,Hsincethereare

notenoughrawmaterialsforeveryinternalcombustion（燃燒）enginecartobereplacedbya150

kWh-equippedEV,fastchargingisvitalforEVstogomainstreamandbecomeaccessibletothepublic."

8.Whatisthemainfeatureoftheinnovativebattery?

A.Longertravelrange.B.Widerrecyclableuse.

C.Shortenedchargetime.D.Moreenergyconsumed.

9.Whatdoes"this"refertoinparagraph4?

A.Thebattery'schargetime.

B.Thebreakthroughinbatteries.

C.Thebattery*sperformance.

D.Themethodoftemperaturecontrol.

10.Whydoestheauthormentionregularbatteryinparagraph5?

A.Toexplainareason.B.Togiveinstructions.

C.Tomakecomparison.D.Tohighlightanopinion.

11.Whatdotheresearchers*wordsimplyinthelastparagraph?

A.Electricvehiclesdependgreatlyonrawmaterials.

B.Thefast-chargingbatterieshaveapromisingfuture.

C.The150kWh-equippedEVsareboundtogomainstream.

D.Internalcombustionenginecarswilleventuallybereplaced.

D

InJapan'snortheastMiyagicounty,residentscanfindlifepartnersviaagovemment-sponsored,

ArtificialIntel1igence-drivenmatchmakingservice.Throughouttheland,therearepublicand

company-sponsoredsinglespartiesand"lifedesignworkshops"meanttourgeyoungadultsontoa

concretetimelineformarriageandfamily.ThecityofTokyoeventeachesbasicdatingskills,suchasthe

artofconversation.

Japanhasthefastest-agingpopulationofanypost-industrialnationonearth.Thecurrenttotalbirth

rate—theaveragenumberofchildrenthatwouldbeborntoawomanoverherlifetime—is1.3,wellbelow

the"replacementlevel1'of2.1kidsperwoman,whichisbroadlyacceptedastherateneededtoensurea

stablepopulation.

AperiodicsurveybytheNationalInstituteofPopulationandSocialSecurityResearchfoundclosetoa

fifthofmenandabout15%ofwomenexpressingdisinterestinmarriage.Almostathirdofmenandafifth

ofwomenintheirfiftiesinJapanhaveneverbeenmarried.

Thecountry'sleadershipisconvincedthatmoremarriagesaretheanswer,soJapan'snewChildrenand

FamiliesAgency,settolaunchinApril,willoffer"marriagesupportservice11ineachofJapan's47

counties.

ButmanyexpertssaytheonlywayJapancanreallysaveitselfisbygettingridofthe"male

breadwinner,femalecarer'1norms（準(zhǔn)則）thatcontinuetosupportpolicymakingandcorporate

management.nPost-industrialcountries（likeSweden）thatmadeitpossibletobalanceworkandfamily

havenotsufferedlargedeclinesinbirthrates."HarvardsociologistMaryBrintonnotedinarecent

presentation.

ProfessorMasahiroYamada,asociologistatChuoUniversity,isdoubtfulwhetherJapanwillescapeits

existentialcrisis."It'snotaproblemofmatchmaking.It*sanissueofmoremenwithunstableincomes,Mhe

said."Evenamongregularworkers,relativeincomesarefalling."

LowerincomesarefarmoreofadiscouragementtomarriageinEastAsiathanintheU.S.orEurope,

Yamadasays,asAsianmenputmoreemphasisonunilaterally（單方面）earningenoughtosupport

children.Atrulyeffectivepolicy,heargues,woulddoubleortripleinvestmentinfamilies,insteadof

seniors.''Japanisgoingtosink,rightalongwithitsbirthrate,"hewarned."AndSouthKoreaandChina

willberightbehindus."

12.WhafsthefunctionofAl-drivenmatchmakingservice?

A.Toofferaplatformforseekinglifepartners.

B.Toupdatethecountry'sbasicdatingservice.

C.Tosponsorresidentstoattendsinglesparties.

D.ToteachyoungJapanesehowtogoondates.

13.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraphs2and3?

A.BirthrateinJapanishigherthanagingrate.

B.Japan'spopulationstructureisoutofbalance.

C.MostoftheJapanesedislikechildrenorseniors.

D.WomenarelesslikelytomarrythanmeninJapan.

14.WhatdoesMasahiroYamadathinkofthematchmakingservice?

A.Itleadstoanincreaseofincome.

B.Ittouchesthesurfaceoftheissue.

C.ItsavesJapanfromthepresentcrisis.

D.ItdepartsfromJapan'sexistingnorm.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.CanJapanincreaseitsbirthrate

B.WilltheservicecatchoninJapan

C.WillJapanesemen'sincomesrise

D.CanJapanesebalanceworkandfamily

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

Chinesepeoplemaynotbethatfamiliarwithsportstourism,butitisoneofthefastestgrowingpartsof

tourism,becauseanincreasingnumberofpeopleareexpressingtheircuriosityinsportseventsduring

theirtripsevenifsportsarenotthekeyreasonoftheirtravel.(1).

Sportstourismreferstotourisminvolvingparticipationinorwatchingsportseventsandstayinginan

environmentdifferentfromtheusualtouristhotelsorresorts.(2).Atthattime,peopletraveled

toOlympiatowatchorparticipateinOlympicraces.Modernsportstourism,ontheotherhand,surfaced

inthe1990s.

(3).Thereisalsoalackofresearchtostudyitstruepotential.However,giventhatChinese

authoritiesattachgreatimportancetopeople'shealth,sportstourism,inmanyways,canmeetpeople's

demandfbrbothleisureandphysicalactivity.

Ruraltourism,onekindofsportstourism,whichconsistsoffishing,hiking,horseridingandother

outdooractivities,isexpandingquickly.Thisformoftourismhasbeenattractingmanytourists.(4)

Sportstourismisaboomingindustrytoday,withanannualgrowthrateofabout15percentglobally.(5)

.Therapidgrowthofsportstourismwillhelpmeetpeople'sleisureneedsandboostthe

high-qualitydevelopmentinChina.

A.ButsportstourismisstillanemergingareainChina.

B.Peoplearepayingmoreattentiontosafetyintravel.

C.InChina,however,thegrowthrateis30-40percentdespiteaslowstart.

D.However,thisareahaslongdrawnpeople'sattentioninChina.

E.Marathons,hiking,cyclingandcampingfallintheareaofsportstourism.

Fitplaysavitalroleinruralconstruction.

G.TheoriginofsportstourismcanbetracedbacktoAncientGreece.

16.A.AB.BC.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共30.0分)

Fromthewindowofmyroom,Icouldseeatallcotton-rosehibiscus(木棉樹).Inspring,whengreen

leaveswerehalf(21)inmist,thetreelookedveryattractive,(22)withredflowers.Thisinspiringneighbor

ofmineoften(23)mymindworking.Iregardeditasmybestfriend(24).

However,whenIopenedthewindowonemorning,tomyamazement,thetreewasalmost(25)beyond

recognitionasaresultofthestorm(26)thenightbefore.Iwasseizedwithasuddensorrowatthethought

"alltheflowersaretofall".Icouldnothelp(27)withemotion:thecourseoflifeneverruns(28),forthere

aresomanyupsanddowns(29)twistsandturns.Theprocessofmylifesawmybelovedfriendsparting

oneafteranother.Isn*tit(30)totheflowersfallingoffthetreeinthewind?

Thisevent(31)frommymemoryastimewentby.OnedayafterIcamehome,Ifoundtheroomhardto

breatheinandopenedthewindow(32).Somethingoutsidecaughtmy(33)andimpressedme.Itwasaplum

tree(李樹)withflowers(34)beautifullybythesunset.Thesurprisediscoveryfilledmewithpleasure.I

wondered(35)Ihadnoideaofsometoughliferestartingoverthefallenpetals(花瓣)whenIfeltsorryfor

thehibiscus.

Whenthelastpetal(36),alltheadmirationforthehibiscusdisappearedasifnothingwasleft,untilthe

landscapewasagaindecoratedwiththeredplumflowersto(37)peopleoflife'salternationandcontinuity.

Can'titbesaidthatlifeisactuallyasymphony,aharmonious(38)oflossandgain.

Standingbythewindowlostinthoughtfbralongtime,Irealizedthatnosceneryintheworldremains(39).

Aslongasyoukeepyourheartbathedinthesun,everydawnwillpresentafinestartforyouandtheworld

willalwaysbeabout(40)hopes.

21.A.buriedB.hiddenC.placedD.trapped

22.A.dottedB.surroundedC.coveredD.marked

23.A.observedB.preventedC.setD.bore

24.A.regularlyB.generallyC.narrowlyD.gradually

25.A.bareB.vacantC.blankD.empty

26.A.effectB.faultC.damageD.feast

27.A.sighingB.yellingC.swearingD.teasing

28.A.luckyB.simpleC.smoothD.cozy

29.A.asmanyasB.aswellasC.ratherthanD.regardlessof

30.A.dueB.contraryC.familiarD.similar

31.A.sankB.quitC.maturedD.faded

32.A.merelyB.activelyC.casuallyD.fiercely

33.A.eyeB.noseC.soulD.mind

34.A.setupB.setoffC.putupD.putoff

35.A.whyB.ifC.howD.when

36.A.slippedB.droppedC.quitD.broke

37.A.remindB.warnC.convinceD.rid

38.A.divisionB.dilemmaC.compositionD.conflict

39.A.unlimitedB.unchangedC.unspoiledD.unexpected

40.A.vainB.practicalC.previousD.fresh

四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）

41.KangYu,a24-year-oldvolunteerteacherinaremotetowninthemountainsofYunnan

province,wasteachingcalligraphytotheeighthgraderswhenallof(1)sudden,theclouds

seemedtoburstandtheelectricitywentout.(2)(see)thatthestudentswerestaringat

therain,Kang(3)(instant)gotaburstofinspiration.

Shetoldthemtogooutside,underashelter,toenjoytherainandcomebacktowritesomethinglike

apoem.Much(4)hersurprise,theworkswrittenbythestudentswerefarbeyondher

expectations!

Inspiredbythatclass,Kangfoundedthenon-profitorganization,EnlightenOurFuture,tohelp

Chineseyoungstersimprovetheirmentalwell-beingandtheirexamgradesthroughpoetry

compositionand(5)(appreciate).Shemanagedtopersuade13schools(6)(adopt)

the"Four-SeasonPoetryLessons'1project,withateachingplan,contentandmethodsshe

provided.Sofar,thepoetrylessons(7)(design)bytheorganizationhavehelped68,

000studentsin823primaryandmiddleschools,mostlyinpoorareas.NowEnlightenOurFuture(8)

(run)bythreefull-timeworkers,includingKang,60part-timeworkers,280backups

andmorethan1,000volunteers.

What'sgreataboutpoetryisthatitcanhelponetofindan(9)(effect)waytocommunicate

withoneself,shesays.*'（10）theyneedisnotsympathy,butrecognition,whichIthink

willinfluencetheirwholelife."

五、短文改錯(cuò)（本大題共I小題，共10.0分）

42.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共

有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)。），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

（I）每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

（2）只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Manyteenagershavedifficultgettingalongwiththeirfathers.Icanfullyputmyselfyourshoes,asI

onceexperiencedthesameproblem.Youcantrythefollowedsuggestions.

Bepatientwithyourfather.Youtwomusthavemisunderstoodeachanother.Thekeytosolvethe

problemisregularandhonestcommunication.Explainyouractionsandfeelingscalmly,listen

carefully,andaddressherconcems.Besides,youshouldtryyourbesttoseeingthingsfromhispoint

ofview.Onlyinthesewayscanyourmisunderstandingsbeclearup.Youwilllearntobackdownand

whatyourfatherwillrelax.Withalittlebitofpatienceandcommunication,muchoftheseproblems

canbesolved.

六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）

43.高三學(xué)生畢業(yè)在即，你校英文報(bào)擬開設(shè)PassionateSeekers專欄，向全校高三學(xué)生征集稿

件。請(qǐng)你回憶高中階段的學(xué)習(xí)生活，以一次難忘的經(jīng)歷為題寫一篇短文投稿。

內(nèi)容包括：

（1）事情的經(jīng)過；

（2）你的感受或收獲。

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)100左右

（2）可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

AnUnforgettableExperience

答案和解析

1?3.【答案】A、C、B

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段

Datascienceisatraditionallymale-dominatedindustryandonly26percentareheldbywomen.Thankful

iy-

itisholdingoutanolivebranchtofemalesandtherearesometerrificprogramsspeciallydesignedforth

emtobreakintothisdynamicfield.（數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)是一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)上由男性主導(dǎo)的行業(yè)，女性僅占26%。值

得慶幸的是，該公司向女性拋出了橄欖枝，有一些很棒的項(xiàng)目專門為她們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)，幫助她們進(jìn)入這

個(gè)充滿活力的領(lǐng)域。）可知，工作的性別分布可能更均衡的是數(shù)據(jù)分析師。故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段

Thebestwaytostartyourpathincybersecurityiswithabachelor'sdegreeincomputerscience,

informationtechnology,engineering,oranotherrelatedfield.（開始你的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全之路的最佳方式

是獲得計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)、信息技術(shù)、工程或其他相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的學(xué)士學(xué)位。）可知，要成為網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全專家，

基本要求是信息技術(shù)學(xué)士學(xué)位。故選C。

（3）文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段Forhighschoolstudents,

justthinkingaboutyourcareerprobablyisn'tenough.Youhavetoactivelydosomeresearchandplan.He

rearesomeofthebestcareersforthefutureandhowyoucangelyourfootinthedoor.（對(duì)于高中生來

說，僅僅考慮自己的職業(yè)生涯可能是不夠的。你必須積極地做一些調(diào)查和計(jì)劃。以下是一些未來

最好的職業(yè)，以及你如何進(jìn)入這扇門。）可知，下文內(nèi)容是講給高中生的，目的是讓高中生提前

進(jìn)行職業(yè)規(guī)劃。所以推測(cè)此篇文本選自學(xué)校網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容。故選B。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章為高中生介紹了四種職業(yè)規(guī)劃。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)

未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

4?7.【答案】C、B、A、D

（解析】（I）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段ASwedishcompanytrainingcrowstopickuplitterinexchange

forfood,claimsthatitsprogramcouldsavecommunitiesafortuneincleaningcosts.（瑞?典——家公司訓(xùn)

練烏鴉撿垃圾換食物，該公司聲稱該項(xiàng)目可以為社區(qū)節(jié)省一大筆清潔成本。）可知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的

優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它可以省錢。故選C。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Theyareeasiertoteachandthereisalsoahigherchanceofthemlearning

fromeachother.Atthesametime,there'salowerriskofthemmistakenlyeatinganyrubbish,"company

founder,Hanssen,said."They'rewildbirdstakingpartinonavoluntarybasis."（"他們更容易教，也

有更高的機(jī)會(huì)互相學(xué)習(xí)。同時(shí)，他們誤吃垃圾食品的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也降低了。”公司創(chuàng)始人漢森說?！八鼈?/p>

是自愿參與的野生鳥類?！保┛芍?，選擇烏鴉參加這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是因?yàn)樗鼈冇泻軓?qiáng)的學(xué)習(xí)能力。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Plus,therearethehealthproblemsofconstantlyexposingthebirdsto

Ihecigarettebutts.（此外，經(jīng)常讓鳥兒接觸煙頭也會(huì)帶來健康問題。）可知，從最后兩段我們可以

知道這個(gè)項(xiàng)目可能會(huì)對(duì)烏鴉造成傷害。故選A。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段ASwedishcompanytrainingcrowstopickuplitterin

exchangeforfood,claimsthatitsprogramcouldsavecommunitiesafortuneincleaningcosts.（瑞典一

家公司訓(xùn)練烏鴉撿垃圾換食物，該公司聲稱該項(xiàng)目可以為社區(qū)節(jié)省一大筆清潔成本。）以及最后

一段Theapproachtolittercleaninghasgottenpositivefeedbackonline,buttherearethosewhothinkthe

factthatwecantraincrowstopickupcigarettebults,butwecan'tgethumansnottothrowthemawayis

hardtoaccept.（清理垃圾的方法在網(wǎng)上得到了積極的反饋，但也有人認(rèn)為，我們可以訓(xùn)練烏鴉撿

起煙頭，但我們不能讓人類不把它們?nèi)拥?，這是很難接受的。）可知，文章主要講的是瑞典一家

公司訓(xùn)練烏鴉撿垃圾換食物，可以省下一大筆清潔成本。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是“烏鴉被訓(xùn)練來?yè)炖?/p>

圾"。故選D。

這是一篇說明文。主要報(bào)道了瑞典一家公司訓(xùn)練烏鴉撿垃圾換食物，該公司聲稱該項(xiàng)目可以為社

區(qū)節(jié)省一大筆清潔成本.

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)

未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

8?11.【答案】C、D、C、B

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文?文章介紹了一種新型電池——?jiǎng)?chuàng)新電池。它的主要特

點(diǎn)是縮短充電時(shí)間?？焖俪潆婋姵厍熬皬V闊。

1.

根據(jù)第一段中的Scientistshaveinvented...arecord-breakingcombinationofshorterchargetimeand

moreenergyacquiredforlongertravelrange（科學(xué)家們發(fā)明了一種新型電池，可以在不到10分鐘的

時(shí)間內(nèi)為電動(dòng)汽車充滿電。鋰離子電池的創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)包括破紀(jì)錄地結(jié)合更短的充電時(shí)間和更多的能

量，以實(shí)現(xiàn)更長(zhǎng)的旅行范圍）可知，創(chuàng)新電池的主要特點(diǎn)是縮短充電時(shí)間。故選C。

2.

根據(jù)第四段中的Thebreakthroughcentresonanovelmethodforcontrolingthetemperatureofthe

battery,whichisneededtooptimiseitschargetimeandperformance.（這一突破集中在一種控制電池

溫度的新方法上，這是優(yōu)化充電時(shí)間和性能所必需的。）和Untilnow,thishasinvolvedexternal

heatingandcoolingsystemsthatareinefficientandwasteenergy.（至目前為止，這涉及到效率低下且

浪費(fèi)能源的外部加熱和冷卻系統(tǒng)。）可知，劃線的this指代的是“溫度控制的方法?！惫蔬xD。

3.

根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容（普通電池有三個(gè)組成部分一一陽(yáng)極、電解液和陰極一一但快速充電系統(tǒng)增加了

第四個(gè)組成部分，它內(nèi)置在溫度控制系統(tǒng)中。一層超薄的銀作為刺激物來控制電池的溫度，使電

動(dòng)汽車可以在10分鐘內(nèi)快速充電。）可知，作者在第5段提到常規(guī)電池是為了進(jìn)行比較。故選C。

4.

根據(jù)最后一段中的Truefast-chargingbatterieswouldhaveimmediateimpact,（真正的快速充電電池

會(huì)立竿見影）和Sincetherearenotenoughrawmaterialsforeveryinternalcombustion（燃燒）enginecar

tobereplacedbya150kWh-equippedEV,fastchargingisvitalforEVstogomainstreamandbecome

accessibletothepublic.（由于沒有足夠的原材料來取代每輛內(nèi)燃機(jī)汽車，配備150千瓦時(shí)的電動(dòng)汽

車，快速充電對(duì)于電動(dòng)汽車成為主流并為公眾所接受至關(guān)重要。）可知，最后一段研究者的話暗

示了“快速充電電池前景廣闊?！惫蔬xB。

12?15.【答案】A、B、B、A

【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了日本由于老齡化嚴(yán)重及出生率低的問題引進(jìn)

了人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的婚介服務(wù)及專家對(duì)于日本能否提高出生率的問題的探討。

1.根據(jù)第一段第一句InJapan'snortheastMiyagicounty,residentscanfindlifepartnersvia

agovernment-sponsored,ArtificialIntelligence-drivenmatchmakingservice.（在日本東北部的宮城縣,

居民可以通過政府資助、人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的婚介服務(wù)找到生活伴侶。）可知，人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的婚介

服務(wù)給人們提供了一個(gè)找到生活伴侶的平臺(tái)。故選A。

2.根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容（日本是世界上人口老齡化速度最快的后工業(yè)化國(guó)家。目前的總出生率一名

婦女一生中生育的孩子的平均數(shù)量一為1.3,遠(yuǎn)低于每名婦女生育2.1個(gè)孩子的“更替水平”，這

一水平被廣泛接受為確保人口穩(wěn)定所需的水平。）以及第三段內(nèi)容（美國(guó)國(guó)家人口與社會(huì)安全研

究所的一項(xiàng)定期調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，近五分之一的男性和約15%的女性表示對(duì)婚姻不感興趣。在日本，近

三分之一的50多歲男性和五分之一的女性從未結(jié)過婚。）可知，日本老齡化嚴(yán)重，生育率低，人

口結(jié)構(gòu)不平衡。故選B。

3.根據(jù)第六段第二句It'snotaproblemofmatchmaking.It'sanissueofmoremenwithunstable

incomes.（這不是做媒的問題。這是一個(gè)關(guān)乎收入不穩(wěn)定的男性越來越多的問題。）可知，Masahiro

Yamada認(rèn)為人們不想結(jié)婚不是因?yàn)檎也坏桨閭H，而是因?yàn)槭杖雴栴}，故他認(rèn)為婚介服務(wù)只觸及了

問題的表面，并不能從根本上解決問題。故選B。

4.根據(jù)第一段第一句InJapan'snortheastMiyagicounty,residentscanfindlifepartnersvia

agovernment-sponsored,ArtificialIntelligence-drivenmatchmakingservice.（在日本東北部的宮城縣,

居民可以通過政府資助、人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的婚介服務(wù)找到生活伴侶。）說明日本引進(jìn)婚介服務(wù)旨在

促使年輕人結(jié)婚生子，并結(jié)合下文二三段對(duì)日本人口情況的介紹，及后文專家對(duì)于解決出生率低

的問題的探討可知，本文主要針對(duì)日本能否提高出生率的問題進(jìn)行了討論。選項(xiàng)A（日本能提高

出生率嗎？）符合本文標(biāo)題。故選A。

16?20.【答案】E、G、A、F、C

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Chinesepeoplemaynotbethatfamiliarwithsportstourism,

butitisoneofthefastestgrowingpartsoftourism,becauseanincreasingnumberofpeopleareexpressing

theircuriosityinsportseventsduringtheirtripsevenifsportsarenotthekeyreasonoftheirtravel.（中

國(guó)人可能對(duì)體育旅游不太熟悉，但它是旅游業(yè)增長(zhǎng)最快的部分之一，因?yàn)樵絹碓蕉嗟娜嗽诼眯兄?/p>

表達(dá)了對(duì)體育賽事的好奇，即使體育不是他們旅行的主要原因。）可知，本段主要引出話題，介

紹體育旅游增長(zhǎng)速度快，很多游客對(duì)其感興趣。E項(xiàng)"馬拉松、徒步旅行、騎自行車和露營(yíng)都屬于

體育旅游領(lǐng)域。”對(duì)體育旅游進(jìn)行舉例，進(jìn)一步對(duì)體育旅游進(jìn)行介紹，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選E。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文Atthattime,peopletraveledtoOlympiatowatchorparticipateinOlympic

races.（當(dāng)時(shí)，人們前往奧林匹亞觀看或參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)比賽。）可推知，此處應(yīng)描述過去的事情，與

運(yùn)動(dòng)旅游的起源有關(guān)，且奧林匹亞是希臘的一個(gè)城市，因此G項(xiàng)”運(yùn)動(dòng)旅游的源頭可追溯到希臘"

符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)上文Modemsportstourism,ontheotherhand,surfacedinthe1990s.（另一

方面，現(xiàn)代體育旅游在20世紀(jì)90年代浮出水面。）以及下文Thereisalsoalackofresearchtostudy

itstruepotential.However,giventhatChineseauthoritiesatta