2023年寧夏石嘴山三中高考英語三模試卷

2023年寧夏石嘴山三中高考英語三模試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

Forhighschoolstudents,justthinkingaboutyourcareerprobablyisn'tenough.Youhavetoactivelydo

someresearchandplan.Herearesomeofthebestcareersforthefutureandhowyoucangetyourfootin

thedoor.

RegisteredNurses

Tobecomeregisterednurses,youYegoingtoneedeitheranassociatedegreeinnursing,aBachelorof

Scienceinnursing,oranotherofficiallyapproveddiploma（文憑）fromanursingprogram.Ifyouwant

tobeapracticingphysician,youllneedamedicaldegreeinyourchosenfieldontopofyourfour-year

degree.

DataAnalysts

Bigdataisagrowingfieldwithprofitableopportunitiesforcollegegraduates.Youarerequiredtohavea

master'sdegreeincomputerscienceoranotherrelatedfield.Datascienceisatraditionallymale-dominated

industryandonly26percentareheldbywomen.Thankfully,itisholdingoutanolivebranchtofemales

andtherearesometerrificprogramsspeciallydesignedforthemtobreakintothisdynamicfield.

Plumbers（管道工）andElectricians

Notallofthebestcareersfbrthefuturewillrequireafour-yearundergraduatedegree.Therersaserious

demandfbrskilledpositionsjobslikeplumbersandtechnicians.Manyofthesepositionsrequireahigh

schooldegreeandoftenanassociatedegreeinarelatedfield,butdon'tnecessarilyrequiregraduationfrom

afour-yearuniversity.

Cybersecurity（網(wǎng)絡安全）Experts

Theaveragesalariesforcybersecurityexpertscanstartat$80,000fbrITSecurityConsultantsandcan

reachsixfiguresforotherpositionssuchasasecuritydirector.Thebestwaytostartyourpathin

cybersecurityiswithabachelor'sdegreeincomputerscience,informationtechnology,engineering,or

otherrelatedfields.

1.Inwhichjobwillthegenderdistributionprobablybemorebalanced?

A.DataAnalysts.B.RegisteredNurses.

C.CybersecurityExperts.D.PlumbersandElectricians.

2.Tobeacybersecurityexpert,whichisthebasicrequirement?

A.Amaster'sdegreeincomputerscience.

B.Acertificateofhighschoolgraduation.

C.Abachelor'sdegreeininformationtechnology.

D.Adiplomaofficiallyapprovedfromamedicalprogram.

3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Ahealthlecture.B.Aschoolwebsite.

C.Ajobadvertisement.D.Asciencemagazine.

B

ASwedishcompanytrainingcrowstopickuplitterinexchangeforfood,claimsthatitsprogramcould

savecommunitiesafortuneincleaningcosts.

Teachinghumansnottothrowcigarettebuttsonthestreethassofarprovenimpossible,butaSwedish

companyclaimsitcanteachcrowstopickupafterusandsavelocalcommunitiesmillionsofdollarsin

cleaningfeeseveryyear.ltteacheswildcrowstodoourdirtyworkthroughastep-by-steplearningprocess

byrewardingthebirdswithfoodforeverycigarettebutttheycollect.

“Theyareeasiertoteachandthereisalsoahigherchanceofthemlearningfromeachother.Atthesame

time,there'salowerriskofthemmistakenlyeatinganyrubbish,"companyfounder,Hanssen,said.

"They'rewildbirdstakingpartinonavoluntarybasis.'1

CrowsareamongthesmartestbirdsonEarth,andsuchtrainingprogramshaveprovensuccessfulseveral

timesinrecentyears.Infact,thecompanyissoconfidentitcanpullitoffthatithasexpressedinterestin

testingitinonalargerscale,inthetownofSbdertalje.

Hanssenbelievesthattheinitiativecouldsavethemunicipality（自治市）atleast75%ofthecosts

involvedwithpickingupcigarettebutts,dependingonhowhardthecrowswork.Ifitprovessuccessful,

thecompanyhopesthatitwillprovideapermanentcleaningsolutionthatcanbeusedinotherpartsofthe

countryandeventuallynationwide.

Theapproachtolittercleaninghasgottenpositivefeedbackonline,buttherearethosewhothinkthefact

thatwecantraincrowstopickupcigarettebults,butwecan'tgethumansnottothrowthemawayishard

toaccept.Plus,therearethehealthproblemsofconstantlyexposingthebirdstothecigarettebutts.

4.Whatistheadvantageoftheprogram?

A.Itcansavefood.

B.Ithelpsprotectbirds.

C.Itcansavemoney.

D.Ithelpschangepeople'sbadbehavior.

5.Whyarecrowschosenfbrtheprogram?

A.Theyhaveastrongsenseofsmell.

B.Theyhaveastrongabilitytolearn.

C.Theyaregoodatcollectingrubbish.

D.TheyareinlargenumbersinSweden.

6.Whatcanweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Theprogramcandohanntothecrows.

B.Onlyafewpeoplesupporttheprogram.

C.Thecompanycangetafortunefromtheprogram.

D.Theprogramhasservedasacleaningsolutionnationwide.

7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.CrowsLearntoExchangeFood

B.CrowsAreGoodatCollectingLitter

C.CrowsBegintoFeedonCigaretteButts

D.CrowsAreTrainedtoPickUpLitter

c

Scientistshaveinventedanewtypeofbatterythatmakesitpossibletochargeelectricvehiclesinless

than10minutes.Theinnovativedesignforlithiumion（鋰離子）batteriesinvolvesa"record-breaking

combination"ofshorterchargetimeandmoreenergyacquiredforlongertravelrange,accordingtothe

PennStateUniversityresearcherswhocameupwithit.

"Theneedforsmaller,faster-chargingbatteriesisgreaterthanever,"saidProfessorChaoyangWang

fromPennStateUniversity,wholedtheresearch.MTherearesimplynotenoughbatteriesandcriticalraw

materials,especiallythoseproduceddomestically,tomeetexpecteddemand.u

Thefast-chargingtechnologymakesitpossibleforelectricvehiclestodownsizefrom150to50kWh

withoutshorteningrange,makingthemcheaperandmoreefficient.MThesmaller,faster-chargingbatteries

willdramaticallycutdownbatterycostandusageofcriticalrawmaterials,suchascobalt,graphiteand

lithium,enablingmassadoptionofaffordableelectriccars,"saidProfessorWang.

Thebreakthroughcentresonanovelmethodforcontrollingthetemperatureofthebattery,whichis

neededtooptimiseitschargetimeandperformance.Untilnow,thishasinvolvedextremalheatingand

coolingsystemsthatareinefficientandwasteenergy.

Regularbatterieshavethreecomponents—ananode,anelectrolyteandacathode—butthe

fast-chargingsystemaddsafourththatbuildsinthetemperaturecontrolsystem.Anultrathinlayerof

nickel（超薄銀層）actsasastimulustocontrolthebattery'stemperature,allowingfor10-minutefast

chargingforelectriccars.

'Truefast-chargingbatterieswouldhaveimmediateimpact,"theresearchersnoted,Hsincethereare

notenoughrawmaterialsforeveryinternalcombustion（燃燒）enginecartobereplacedbya150

kWh-equippedEV,fastchargingisvitalforEVstogomainstreamandbecomeaccessibletothepublic."

8.Whatisthemainfeatureoftheinnovativebattery?

A.Longertravelrange.B.Widerrecyclableuse.

C.Shortenedchargetime.D.Moreenergyconsumed.

9.Whatdoes"this"refertoinparagraph4?

A.Thebattery'schargetime.

B.Thebreakthroughinbatteries.

C.Thebattery*sperformance.

D.Themethodoftemperaturecontrol.

10.Whydoestheauthormentionregularbatteryinparagraph5?

A.Toexplainareason.B.Togiveinstructions.

C.Tomakecomparison.D.Tohighlightanopinion.

11.Whatdotheresearchers*wordsimplyinthelastparagraph?

A.Electricvehiclesdependgreatlyonrawmaterials.

B.Thefast-chargingbatterieshaveapromisingfuture.

C.The150kWh-equippedEVsareboundtogomainstream.

D.Internalcombustionenginecarswilleventuallybereplaced.

D

InJapan'snortheastMiyagicounty,residentscanfindlifepartnersviaagovemment-sponsored,

ArtificialIntel1igence-drivenmatchmakingservice.Throughouttheland,therearepublicand

company-sponsoredsinglespartiesand"lifedesignworkshops"meanttourgeyoungadultsontoa

concretetimelineformarriageandfamily.ThecityofTokyoeventeachesbasicdatingskills,suchasthe

artofconversation.

Japanhasthefastest-agingpopulationofanypost-industrialnationonearth.Thecurrenttotalbirth

rate—theaveragenumberofchildrenthatwouldbeborntoawomanoverherlifetime—is1.3,wellbelow

the"replacementlevel1'of2.1kidsperwoman,whichisbroadlyacceptedastherateneededtoensurea

stablepopulation.

AperiodicsurveybytheNationalInstituteofPopulationandSocialSecurityResearchfoundclosetoa

fifthofmenandabout15%ofwomenexpressingdisinterestinmarriage.Almostathirdofmenandafifth

ofwomenintheirfiftiesinJapanhaveneverbeenmarried.

Thecountry'sleadershipisconvincedthatmoremarriagesaretheanswer,soJapan'snewChildrenand

FamiliesAgency,settolaunchinApril,willoffer"marriagesupportservice11ineachofJapan's47

counties.

ButmanyexpertssaytheonlywayJapancanreallysaveitselfisbygettingridofthe"male

breadwinner,femalecarer'1norms（準則）thatcontinuetosupportpolicymakingandcorporate

management.nPost-industrialcountries（likeSweden）thatmadeitpossibletobalanceworkandfamily

havenotsufferedlargedeclinesinbirthrates."HarvardsociologistMaryBrintonnotedinarecent

presentation.

ProfessorMasahiroYamada,asociologistatChuoUniversity,isdoubtfulwhetherJapanwillescapeits

existentialcrisis."It'snotaproblemofmatchmaking.It*sanissueofmoremenwithunstableincomes,Mhe

said."Evenamongregularworkers,relativeincomesarefalling."

LowerincomesarefarmoreofadiscouragementtomarriageinEastAsiathanintheU.S.orEurope,

Yamadasays,asAsianmenputmoreemphasisonunilaterally（單方面）earningenoughtosupport

children.Atrulyeffectivepolicy,heargues,woulddoubleortripleinvestmentinfamilies,insteadof

seniors.''Japanisgoingtosink,rightalongwithitsbirthrate,"hewarned."AndSouthKoreaandChina

willberightbehindus."

12.WhafsthefunctionofAl-drivenmatchmakingservice?

A.Toofferaplatformforseekinglifepartners.

B.Toupdatethecountry'sbasicdatingservice.

C.Tosponsorresidentstoattendsinglesparties.

D.ToteachyoungJapanesehowtogoondates.

13.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraphs2and3?

A.BirthrateinJapanishigherthanagingrate.

B.Japan'spopulationstructureisoutofbalance.

C.MostoftheJapanesedislikechildrenorseniors.

D.WomenarelesslikelytomarrythanmeninJapan.

14.WhatdoesMasahiroYamadathinkofthematchmakingservice?

A.Itleadstoanincreaseofincome.

B.Ittouchesthesurfaceoftheissue.

C.ItsavesJapanfromthepresentcrisis.

D.ItdepartsfromJapan'sexistingnorm.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.CanJapanincreaseitsbirthrate

B.WilltheservicecatchoninJapan

C.WillJapanesemen'sincomesrise

D.CanJapanesebalanceworkandfamily

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

Chinesepeoplemaynotbethatfamiliarwithsportstourism,butitisoneofthefastestgrowingpartsof

tourism,becauseanincreasingnumberofpeopleareexpressingtheircuriosityinsportseventsduring

theirtripsevenifsportsarenotthekeyreasonoftheirtravel.(1).

Sportstourismreferstotourisminvolvingparticipationinorwatchingsportseventsandstayinginan

environmentdifferentfromtheusualtouristhotelsorresorts.(2).Atthattime,peopletraveled

toOlympiatowatchorparticipateinOlympicraces.Modernsportstourism,ontheotherhand,surfaced

inthe1990s.

(3).Thereisalsoalackofresearchtostudyitstruepotential.However,giventhatChinese

authoritiesattachgreatimportancetopeople'shealth,sportstourism,inmanyways,canmeetpeople's

demandfbrbothleisureandphysicalactivity.

Ruraltourism,onekindofsportstourism,whichconsistsoffishing,hiking,horseridingandother

outdooractivities,isexpandingquickly.Thisformoftourismhasbeenattractingmanytourists.(4)

Sportstourismisaboomingindustrytoday,withanannualgrowthrateofabout15percentglobally.(5)

.Therapidgrowthofsportstourismwillhelpmeetpeople'sleisureneedsandboostthe

high-qualitydevelopmentinChina.

A.ButsportstourismisstillanemergingareainChina.

B.Peoplearepayingmoreattentiontosafetyintravel.

C.InChina,however,thegrowthrateis30-40percentdespiteaslowstart.

D.However,thisareahaslongdrawnpeople'sattentioninChina.

E.Marathons,hiking,cyclingandcampingfallintheareaofsportstourism.

Fitplaysavitalroleinruralconstruction.

G.TheoriginofsportstourismcanbetracedbacktoAncientGreece.

16.A.AB.BC.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共30.0分)

Fromthewindowofmyroom,Icouldseeatallcotton-rosehibiscus(木棉樹).Inspring,whengreen

leaveswerehalf(21)inmist,thetreelookedveryattractive,(22)withredflowers.Thisinspiringneighbor

ofmineoften(23)mymindworking.Iregardeditasmybestfriend(24).

However,whenIopenedthewindowonemorning,tomyamazement,thetreewasalmost(25)beyond

recognitionasaresultofthestorm(26)thenightbefore.Iwasseizedwithasuddensorrowatthethought

"alltheflowersaretofall".Icouldnothelp(27)withemotion:thecourseoflifeneverruns(28),forthere

aresomanyupsanddowns(29)twistsandturns.Theprocessofmylifesawmybelovedfriendsparting

oneafteranother.Isn*tit(30)totheflowersfallingoffthetreeinthewind?

Thisevent(31)frommymemoryastimewentby.OnedayafterIcamehome,Ifoundtheroomhardto

breatheinandopenedthewindow(32).Somethingoutsidecaughtmy(33)andimpressedme.Itwasaplum

tree(李樹)withflowers(34)beautifullybythesunset.Thesurprisediscoveryfilledmewithpleasure.I

wondered(35)Ihadnoideaofsometoughliferestartingoverthefallenpetals(花瓣)whenIfeltsorryfor

thehibiscus.

Whenthelastpetal(36),alltheadmirationforthehibiscusdisappearedasifnothingwasleft,untilthe

landscapewasagaindecoratedwiththeredplumflowersto(37)peopleoflife'salternationandcontinuity.

Can'titbesaidthatlifeisactuallyasymphony,aharmonious(38)oflossandgain.

Standingbythewindowlostinthoughtfbralongtime,Irealizedthatnosceneryintheworldremains(39).

Aslongasyoukeepyourheartbathedinthesun,everydawnwillpresentafinestartforyouandtheworld

willalwaysbeabout(40)hopes.

21.A.buriedB.hiddenC.placedD.trapped

22.A.dottedB.surroundedC.coveredD.marked

23.A.observedB.preventedC.setD.bore

24.A.regularlyB.generallyC.narrowlyD.gradually

25.A.bareB.vacantC.blankD.empty

26.A.effectB.faultC.damageD.feast

27.A.sighingB.yellingC.swearingD.teasing

28.A.luckyB.simpleC.smoothD.cozy

29.A.asmanyasB.aswellasC.ratherthanD.regardlessof

30.A.dueB.contraryC.familiarD.similar

31.A.sankB.quitC.maturedD.faded

32.A.merelyB.activelyC.casuallyD.fiercely

33.A.eyeB.noseC.soulD.mind

34.A.setupB.setoffC.putupD.putoff

35.A.whyB.ifC.howD.when

36.A.slippedB.droppedC.quitD.broke

37.A.remindB.warnC.convinceD.rid

38.A.divisionB.dilemmaC.compositionD.conflict

39.A.unlimitedB.unchangedC.unspoiledD.unexpected

40.A.vainB.practicalC.previousD.fresh

四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）

41.KangYu,a24-year-oldvolunteerteacherinaremotetowninthemountainsofYunnan

province,wasteachingcalligraphytotheeighthgraderswhenallof(1)sudden,theclouds

seemedtoburstandtheelectricitywentout.(2)(see)thatthestudentswerestaringat

therain,Kang(3)(instant)gotaburstofinspiration.

Shetoldthemtogooutside,underashelter,toenjoytherainandcomebacktowritesomethinglike

apoem.Much(4)hersurprise,theworkswrittenbythestudentswerefarbeyondher

expectations!

Inspiredbythatclass,Kangfoundedthenon-profitorganization,EnlightenOurFuture,tohelp

Chineseyoungstersimprovetheirmentalwell-beingandtheirexamgradesthroughpoetry

compositionand(5)(appreciate).Shemanagedtopersuade13schools(6)(adopt)

the"Four-SeasonPoetryLessons'1project,withateachingplan,contentandmethodsshe

provided.Sofar,thepoetrylessons(7)(design)bytheorganizationhavehelped68,

000studentsin823primaryandmiddleschools,mostlyinpoorareas.NowEnlightenOurFuture(8)

(run)bythreefull-timeworkers,includingKang,60part-timeworkers,280backups

andmorethan1,000volunteers.

What'sgreataboutpoetryisthatitcanhelponetofindan(9)(effect)waytocommunicate

withoneself,shesays.*'（10）theyneedisnotsympathy,butrecognition,whichIthink

willinfluencetheirwholelife."

五、短文改錯（本大題共I小題，共10.0分）

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共

有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號。），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

（I）每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

（2）只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

Manyteenagershavedifficultgettingalongwiththeirfathers.Icanfullyputmyselfyourshoes,asI

onceexperiencedthesameproblem.Youcantrythefollowedsuggestions.

Bepatientwithyourfather.Youtwomusthavemisunderstoodeachanother.Thekeytosolvethe

problemisregularandhonestcommunication.Explainyouractionsandfeelingscalmly,listen

carefully,andaddressherconcems.Besides,youshouldtryyourbesttoseeingthingsfromhispoint

ofview.Onlyinthesewayscanyourmisunderstandingsbeclearup.Youwilllearntobackdownand

whatyourfatherwillrelax.Withalittlebitofpatienceandcommunication,muchoftheseproblems

canbesolved.

六、書面表達（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）

43.高三學生畢業(yè)在即，你校英文報擬開設PassionateSeekers專欄，向全校高三學生征集稿

件。請你回憶高中階段的學習生活，以一次難忘的經(jīng)歷為題寫一篇短文投稿。

內(nèi)容包括：

（1）事情的經(jīng)過；

（2）你的感受或收獲。

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)100左右

（2）可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

AnUnforgettableExperience

答案和解析

1?3.【答案】A、C、B

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段

Datascienceisatraditionallymale-dominatedindustryandonly26percentareheldbywomen.Thankful

iy-

itisholdingoutanolivebranchtofemalesandtherearesometerrificprogramsspeciallydesignedforth

emtobreakintothisdynamicfield.（數(shù)據(jù)科學是一個傳統(tǒng)上由男性主導的行業(yè)，女性僅占26%。值

得慶幸的是，該公司向女性拋出了橄欖枝，有一些很棒的項目專門為她們設計，幫助她們進入這

個充滿活力的領域。）可知，工作的性別分布可能更均衡的是數(shù)據(jù)分析師。故選A。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段

Thebestwaytostartyourpathincybersecurityiswithabachelor'sdegreeincomputerscience,

informationtechnology,engineering,oranotherrelatedfield.（開始你的網(wǎng)絡安全之路的最佳方式

是獲得計算機科學、信息技術、工程或其他相關領域的學士學位。）可知，要成為網(wǎng)絡安全專家，

基本要求是信息技術學士學位。故選C。

（3）文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段Forhighschoolstudents,

justthinkingaboutyourcareerprobablyisn'tenough.Youhavetoactivelydosomeresearchandplan.He

rearesomeofthebestcareersforthefutureandhowyoucangelyourfootinthedoor.（對于高中生來

說，僅僅考慮自己的職業(yè)生涯可能是不夠的。你必須積極地做一些調(diào)查和計劃。以下是一些未來

最好的職業(yè)，以及你如何進入這扇門。）可知，下文內(nèi)容是講給高中生的，目的是讓高中生提前

進行職業(yè)規(guī)劃。所以推測此篇文本選自學校網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容。故選B。

本文是一篇應用文。文章為高中生介紹了四種職業(yè)規(guī)劃。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對

未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑氶喿x短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

4?7.【答案】C、B、A、D

（解析】（I）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段ASwedishcompanytrainingcrowstopickuplitterinexchange

forfood,claimsthatitsprogramcouldsavecommunitiesafortuneincleaningcosts.（瑞?典——家公司訓

練烏鴉撿垃圾換食物，該公司聲稱該項目可以為社區(qū)節(jié)省一大筆清潔成本。）可知，這個項目的

優(yōu)點是它可以省錢。故選C。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Theyareeasiertoteachandthereisalsoahigherchanceofthemlearning

fromeachother.Atthesametime,there'salowerriskofthemmistakenlyeatinganyrubbish,"company

founder,Hanssen,said."They'rewildbirdstakingpartinonavoluntarybasis."（"他們更容易教，也

有更高的機會互相學習。同時，他們誤吃垃圾食品的風險也降低了?！惫緞?chuàng)始人漢森說。“它們

是自愿參與的野生鳥類?！保┛芍?，選擇烏鴉參加這個項目是因為它們有很強的學習能力。故選B。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Plus,therearethehealthproblemsofconstantlyexposingthebirdsto

Ihecigarettebutts.（此外，經(jīng)常讓鳥兒接觸煙頭也會帶來健康問題。）可知，從最后兩段我們可以

知道這個項目可能會對烏鴉造成傷害。故選A。

（4）標題歸納題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段ASwedishcompanytrainingcrowstopickuplitterin

exchangeforfood,claimsthatitsprogramcouldsavecommunitiesafortuneincleaningcosts.（瑞典一

家公司訓練烏鴉撿垃圾換食物，該公司聲稱該項目可以為社區(qū)節(jié)省一大筆清潔成本。）以及最后

一段Theapproachtolittercleaninghasgottenpositivefeedbackonline,buttherearethosewhothinkthe

factthatwecantraincrowstopickupcigarettebults,butwecan'tgethumansnottothrowthemawayis

hardtoaccept.（清理垃圾的方法在網(wǎng)上得到了積極的反饋，但也有人認為，我們可以訓練烏鴉撿

起煙頭，但我們不能讓人類不把它們?nèi)拥?，這是很難接受的。）可知，文章主要講的是瑞典一家

公司訓練烏鴉撿垃圾換食物，可以省下一大筆清潔成本。故文章最好的標題是“烏鴉被訓練來撿垃

圾"。故選D。

這是一篇說明文。主要報道了瑞典一家公司訓練烏鴉撿垃圾換食物，該公司聲稱該項目可以為社

區(qū)節(jié)省一大筆清潔成本.

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對

未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑氶喿x短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

8?11.【答案】C、D、C、B

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文?文章介紹了一種新型電池——創(chuàng)新電池。它的主要特

點是縮短充電時間?？焖俪潆婋姵厍熬皬V闊。

1.

根據(jù)第一段中的Scientistshaveinvented...arecord-breakingcombinationofshorterchargetimeand

moreenergyacquiredforlongertravelrange（科學家們發(fā)明了一種新型電池，可以在不到10分鐘的

時間內(nèi)為電動汽車充滿電。鋰離子電池的創(chuàng)新設計包括破紀錄地結合更短的充電時間和更多的能

量，以實現(xiàn)更長的旅行范圍）可知，創(chuàng)新電池的主要特點是縮短充電時間。故選C。

2.

根據(jù)第四段中的Thebreakthroughcentresonanovelmethodforcontrolingthetemperatureofthe

battery,whichisneededtooptimiseitschargetimeandperformance.（這一突破集中在一種控制電池

溫度的新方法上，這是優(yōu)化充電時間和性能所必需的。）和Untilnow,thishasinvolvedexternal

heatingandcoolingsystemsthatareinefficientandwasteenergy.（至目前為止，這涉及到效率低下且

浪費能源的外部加熱和冷卻系統(tǒng)。）可知，劃線的this指代的是“溫度控制的方法?！惫蔬xD。

3.

根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容（普通電池有三個組成部分一一陽極、電解液和陰極一一但快速充電系統(tǒng)增加了

第四個組成部分，它內(nèi)置在溫度控制系統(tǒng)中。一層超薄的銀作為刺激物來控制電池的溫度，使電

動汽車可以在10分鐘內(nèi)快速充電。）可知，作者在第5段提到常規(guī)電池是為了進行比較。故選C。

4.

根據(jù)最后一段中的Truefast-chargingbatterieswouldhaveimmediateimpact,（真正的快速充電電池

會立竿見影）和Sincetherearenotenoughrawmaterialsforeveryinternalcombustion（燃燒）enginecar

tobereplacedbya150kWh-equippedEV,fastchargingisvitalforEVstogomainstreamandbecome

accessibletothepublic.（由于沒有足夠的原材料來取代每輛內(nèi)燃機汽車，配備150千瓦時的電動汽

車，快速充電對于電動汽車成為主流并為公眾所接受至關重要。）可知，最后一段研究者的話暗

示了“快速充電電池前景廣闊?！惫蔬xB。

12?15.【答案】A、B、B、A

【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了日本由于老齡化嚴重及出生率低的問題引進

了人工智能驅動的婚介服務及專家對于日本能否提高出生率的問題的探討。

1.根據(jù)第一段第一句InJapan'snortheastMiyagicounty,residentscanfindlifepartnersvia

agovernment-sponsored,ArtificialIntelligence-drivenmatchmakingservice.（在日本東北部的宮城縣,

居民可以通過政府資助、人工智能驅動的婚介服務找到生活伴侶。）可知，人工智能驅動的婚介

服務給人們提供了一個找到生活伴侶的平臺。故選A。

2.根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容（日本是世界上人口老齡化速度最快的后工業(yè)化國家。目前的總出生率一名

婦女一生中生育的孩子的平均數(shù)量一為1.3,遠低于每名婦女生育2.1個孩子的“更替水平”，這

一水平被廣泛接受為確保人口穩(wěn)定所需的水平。）以及第三段內(nèi)容（美國國家人口與社會安全研

究所的一項定期調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，近五分之一的男性和約15%的女性表示對婚姻不感興趣。在日本，近

三分之一的50多歲男性和五分之一的女性從未結過婚。）可知，日本老齡化嚴重，生育率低，人

口結構不平衡。故選B。

3.根據(jù)第六段第二句It'snotaproblemofmatchmaking.It'sanissueofmoremenwithunstable

incomes.（這不是做媒的問題。這是一個關乎收入不穩(wěn)定的男性越來越多的問題。）可知，Masahiro

Yamada認為人們不想結婚不是因為找不到伴侶，而是因為收入問題，故他認為婚介服務只觸及了

問題的表面，并不能從根本上解決問題。故選B。

4.根據(jù)第一段第一句InJapan'snortheastMiyagicounty,residentscanfindlifepartnersvia

agovernment-sponsored,ArtificialIntelligence-drivenmatchmakingservice.（在日本東北部的宮城縣,

居民可以通過政府資助、人工智能驅動的婚介服務找到生活伴侶。）說明日本引進婚介服務旨在

促使年輕人結婚生子，并結合下文二三段對日本人口情況的介紹，及后文專家對于解決出生率低

的問題的探討可知，本文主要針對日本能否提高出生率的問題進行了討論。選項A（日本能提高

出生率嗎？）符合本文標題。故選A。

16?20.【答案】E、G、A、F、C

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Chinesepeoplemaynotbethatfamiliarwithsportstourism,

butitisoneofthefastestgrowingpartsoftourism,becauseanincreasingnumberofpeopleareexpressing

theircuriosityinsportseventsduringtheirtripsevenifsportsarenotthekeyreasonoftheirtravel.（中

國人可能對體育旅游不太熟悉，但它是旅游業(yè)增長最快的部分之一，因為越來越多的人在旅行中

表達了對體育賽事的好奇，即使體育不是他們旅行的主要原因。）可知，本段主要引出話題，介

紹體育旅游增長速度快，很多游客對其感興趣。E項"馬拉松、徒步旅行、騎自行車和露營都屬于

體育旅游領域。”對體育旅游進行舉例，進一步對體育旅游進行介紹，符合上下文語境。故選E。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文Atthattime,peopletraveledtoOlympiatowatchorparticipateinOlympic

races.（當時，人們前往奧林匹亞觀看或參加奧運會比賽。）可推知，此處應描述過去的事情，與

運動旅游的起源有關，且奧林匹亞是希臘的一個城市，因此G項”運動旅游的源頭可追溯到希臘"

符合語境。故選G。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)上文Modemsportstourism,ontheotherhand,surfacedinthe1990s.（另一

方面，現(xiàn)代體育旅游在20世紀90年代浮出水面。）以及下文Thereisalsoalackofresearchtostudy

itstruepotential.However,giventhatChineseauthoritiesatta