2022-2023學(xué)年湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市寧鄉(xiāng)市高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)精品試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市寧鄉(xiāng)市2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWiththenewsemesterabouttostart,ourschooliswelcomingagroupofnewinternationalstudents.WehavesomeappsherewithanEnglishversionthatwillmakeyourlifeeasier.Wehopeyouwillhaveawonderfullifehere.★WeChatWeChatisnowthemostpopularsocialmediaappinChina.AlmosteveryoneisusingWeChat.YoucansendbothtextandvoicemessagesonWeChat.Youcanalsomakevoiceandvideocalls.Youcanalsoposttexts,picturesandvideoclips.Ifyourfriendsinyourhomecountryhavethisapp,youcanalsochatwiththemthroughvoiceorvideo.WeChatisalsowidelyusednowasaformofpaymentwhichcanbeusedinstores,online,andinothershoppingapps.★AlipayAlipayisasimilarapptoPayPal.ItwasfirstusedonTaobaoandnowpeoplecanuseitasamobilepaymentoption.Youcanevenusemobilepaymentatstreetvendors,soifyouhavethisapp,youcanleaveyourwalletathome.★DidiNowDidiseemstobethesmartestwaytotravelaround.Withonetap,acarcomesdirectlytoyou.DidiisaChinesecar-hailingserviceapp.Ithasafunctioncalled“ridesharing”,whichsavesalotofmoneyforpassengers,butitdoesnothaveanEnglishversion,soifyouwanttouseit,youwillhavetolearnsomeChinese.★PlecoThisisoneofthetopChinese/Englishdictionaryappsanditcovers130,000Chinesewordsandincludes20,000examplesentenceswithpinyin.ItisperfectforthosewhowanttolearnChinese,andalsofortouristswhoneedtotranslatewordsorphrasesfromEnglishtoChinese.1.Alipaywasoriginallydevelopedto________.A.payforacar-hailingserviceB.competewithWeChatinpaymentsC.beusedononlineshoppingwebsiteTaobaoD.beconvenientforpeoplewholeavetheirwalletathome2.IfaforeignfriendwantstouseDidi,heshould________A.learnsomeChinese B.knowhowtouseWeChatC.haveapassengertoridewith D.downloadanEnglishversionapp3.WhichappishelpfulforlearningChinese?A.Didi. B.Pleco. C.WeChat. D.Alipay.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.B〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)應(yīng)用程序的情況?！?題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)★Alipay部分中“ItwasfirstusedonTaobaoandnowpeoplecanuseitasamobilepaymentoption.(它最初在淘寶上使用，現(xiàn)在人們可以把它作為一種移動(dòng)支付選項(xiàng))”可知，最初開(kāi)發(fā)支付寶是為了在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物網(wǎng)站淘寶上使用。故選C?！?題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)★Didi部分中“Ithasafunctioncalled“ridesharing”,whichsavesalotofmoneyforpassengers,butitdoesnothaveanEnglishversion,soifyouwanttouseit,youwillhavetolearnsomeChinese.(它有一個(gè)叫“拼車”的功能，這為乘客節(jié)省了很多錢，但它沒(méi)有英文版本，所以如果你想使用它，你必須學(xué)習(xí)一些中文)”可知，如果一個(gè)外國(guó)朋友想使用滴滴，他應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)一些漢語(yǔ)。故選A?！?題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)★Pleco部分中“ItisperfectforthosewhowanttolearnChinese,andalsofortouristswhoneedtotranslatewordsorphrasesfromEnglishtoChinese.(它非常適合那些想學(xué)中文的人，也適合那些需要將英語(yǔ)單詞或短語(yǔ)翻譯成中文的游客)”可知，Pleco對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)中文有幫助。故選B。BGrowingupinruralJiangsuProvince,YuJigaoshowedastronginterestinfineartsatanearlyageandstudiedonhisownforyears.Hishardworkpaidofflater.Intheearly1950s,hemadehiswaytoNanjingNormalUniversity,wherehelearnedpaintingtheoriesandtechniquesfromsomefamousartists.ItwasthenthatYufoundhislifelongartisticzealforgongbi.Gongbipaintingsusuallydescribebirdsandflowers,symbolsofbeautyandjoy,inanartisticwaywithintensecolor.Aftergraduationfromtheartschoolin1957,YubeganhisprofessionalcareerattheChinesePaintingInstituteofJiangsu.Hehassincepublishedaseriesofartcollections.Since1959,Yuhascontributedaseriesofworkstomanyimportantsites.Yu’sworkshavealsobeendisplayedinarangeofnationalandinternationalexhibitions.From1986to1997,heheldhisexhibitionsinsuchplacesasBeijing,GuangzhouandNewYork.Boththethemesandartistictechniqueshavewonwidespreadpraiseinthepastyears.Whileobservingtraditionalrules,heusesaccuratelines,powerfulbrushmovementsaswellastheinterplaybetweendarkandlighttorepresenttheharmonyofnature.Thoughheadoptsarealisticstyle,hetriestoenrichhisworkswithspiritualbeautythroughhisbrush.Yusays,“Thatfeelingturnsintotheimagesofsingingbirdsandelegantflowersinmypaintings.”Thankstohiscarefulobservationofnatureandartisticsensitivity,Yuisabletocombinerealisticdescriptionwithartisticexpressioninhisbrushwork.NowasdeputydirectoroftheAcademyofChineseGongbiPaintingofFlowersandBirdsandanationaltop-levelartist,Yumaintainsasimpleandeasy-goingstyle.Inadditiontoartisticcreation,YuhasdevotedhimselftopromotinghispaintingstyleastheculturalheritageofChina.“Artispartofmylife,”Yusays.“Iamproudtobeaflower-birdpainter.Ihopetocreateabrightfutureforitthroughmyefforts.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“zeal”inparagraph1mean?A.Request. B.Passion. C.Justice. D.Fund.5.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutYu?A.Hisschoollife.B.Hispaintingtechniques.C.Hisachievementsinpainting.D.Hiscontributionstotheartschool.6.WhichisYu’spaintingfeature?A.Adoptingabstractobjects.B.Excludingplantsandanimals.C.Combiningtraditionalruleswitharealisticstyle.D.Representingtheimbalancebetweennatureandhumans.7.WhatdoesYuexpectofhispaintingstyle?A.Itwillbepassedon.B.Itwillchangeovertime.C.Itwilllookmorecomplicated.D.Itwillreachthetopinternationallevel.〖答案〗4.B5.C6.C7.A〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了國(guó)畫(huà)大師喻繼高?！?題詳析〗詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Intheearly1950s,hemadehiswaytoNanjingNormalUniversity,wherehelearnedpaintingtheoriesandtechniquesfromsomefamousartists.ItwasthenthatYufound(20世紀(jì)50年代初，他來(lái)到南京師范大學(xué)，在那里他從一些著名藝術(shù)家那里學(xué)習(xí)繪畫(huà)理論和技巧。就在那時(shí))”的語(yǔ)境和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可知，此處是指就在學(xué)習(xí)繪畫(huà)理論和技巧時(shí)，喻繼高發(fā)現(xiàn)了他對(duì)工筆畫(huà)一生的藝術(shù)熱情。故推測(cè)，zeal意為“熱情”。A.Request.要求；B.Passion.熱情；C.Justice.正義；D.Fund.資金。故選B。〖5題詳析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Aftergraduationfromtheartschoolin1957,YubeganhisprofessionalcareerattheChinesePaintingInstituteofJiangsu.Hehassincepublishedaseriesofartcollections.Since1959,Yuhascontributedaseriesofworkstomanyimportantsites.Yu’sworkshavealsobeendisplayedinarangeofnationalandinternationalexhibitions.From1986to1997,heheldhisexhibitionsinsuchplacesasBeijing,GuangzhouandNewYork.Boththethemesandartistictechniqueshavewonwidespreadpraiseinthepastyears.(1957年從藝術(shù)學(xué)校畢業(yè)后，喻在江蘇中國(guó)畫(huà)學(xué)院開(kāi)始了他的職業(yè)生涯。此后，他出版了一系列藝術(shù)作品集。自1959年以來(lái)，喻為許多重要遺址貢獻(xiàn)了一系列作品。喻的作品也在一系列國(guó)家和國(guó)際展覽中展出。從1986年到1997年，他在北京、廣州和紐約等地舉辦了展覽。在過(guò)去的幾年里，無(wú)論是主題還是藝術(shù)技巧都贏得了廣泛的贊譽(yù))”可知，本段主要講述了喻在繪畫(huà)方面的藝術(shù)成就。故選C。〖6題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Whileobservingtraditionalrules,heusesaccuratelines,powerfulbrushmovementsaswellastheinterplaybetweendarkandlighttorepresenttheharmonyofnature.Thoughheadoptsarealisticstyle,hetriestoenrichhisworkswithspiritualbeautythroughhisbrush.(在遵守傳統(tǒng)規(guī)則的同時(shí)，他使用精確的線條、有力的筆刷動(dòng)作以及黑暗和光明之間的相互作用來(lái)代表自然的和諧。雖然他采用了現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的風(fēng)格，但他試圖通過(guò)筆觸來(lái)豐富自己的作品，使之具有精神美)”可知，喻的繪畫(huà)風(fēng)格結(jié)合了傳統(tǒng)的規(guī)則和現(xiàn)實(shí)主義風(fēng)格。故選C?！?題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Inadditiontoartisticcreation,YuhasdevotedhimselftopromotinghispaintingstyleastheculturalheritageofChina.“Artispartofmylife,”Yusays.“Iamproudtobeaflower-birdpainter.Ihopetocreateabrightfutureforitthroughmyefforts.”(除了藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作之外，喻還致力于將他的繪畫(huà)風(fēng)格作為中國(guó)的文化遺產(chǎn)加以推廣。喻說(shuō)：“藝術(shù)是我生活的一部分?！??！白鳛橐幻B(niǎo)畫(huà)家，我感到很自豪。我希望通過(guò)我的努力，為它創(chuàng)造一個(gè)美好的未來(lái)。”)”推知，喻希望他的繪畫(huà)風(fēng)格被傳承下去。故選A。CThereareloadsofresearchshowingthatspendingtimeinnatureisgoodforyourhealthandwell-being.Butnoteveryonelivesnearaparkorcaneasilygetoutdoors.So,whathappenswhenyoubringnatureintoyourhomeviaTV?Anewstudyfindsthatavirtualnatureexperiencecanhavesomeofthesameeffects.Theresearcherswantedtoseeifthesamepositiveimpactsofbeingoutinnaturewouldtranslatetoexperiencingnaturevirtually,studyco-authorAlexSmalley,PhDstudentandresearcherontheVirtualNatureprojectintheU.K,tellsTreehugger.“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinrelievingboredombecauseit’sanegativestatecommonlyexperiencedbyolderpeopleincarehomes,”hesays.Forthestudy,researchersbrought96adultsintoalabandcausedboredombyhavingthemwatchafour-minutevideoofamandiscussinghisworkatanofficesupplycompany.Then,thestudyparticipantsexperiencedscenesofanunderwatercoralreefscenefromtheBBC’s“BluePlanet11”series.TheyeitherwatcheditonTV,watchedwithavirtualrealityheadsetusing360-degreevideo,orwatchedwithavirtualrealityheadsetusingcomputer-generatedinteractivepictures.Researchersfoundthatallthreemethodsminimizednegativefeelingslikesadnessandsignificantlyloweredboredom.Theinteractivevirtualrealityexperienceactuallyincreasedpositivefeelings,suchashappiness,andstrengthenedtheconnectionspeoplesaidtheyhadtonature.Originally,theimpetusbehindthestudywastoresearchbenefitsforpeoplewhoarestuckindoors,suchasthoseinnursinghomesorpeoplerecoveringfromillness.Butthereareentirelynewpositiveresultsintoday’sworldduetoCOVID-19,“Weneverimaginedadiseasewouldmeantheresultsmightapplytosuchawidepartoftheglobalpopulation,”Smalleysays.“We’dalwaysrecommendtryingtogetoutintonaturewhereverpossiblebutforthosewhocan’t,ourfindingssuggestthatdigitalexperiencesofnaturecouldprovideashort-termfix.”8.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlyfocuson?A.Thepurposeoftheresearch.B.Theanalysisoftheresearchresults.C.Thepositiveeffectsofbeingoutinnature.D.Thenegativestateolderpeopleexperience.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impetus”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Profit. B.Theory.C.Motivation. D.Application.10.Accordingtothetext,whatdoesSmalleythinkoftheresearchresults?A.Someofthemstillremaintobefurtherconfirmed.B.Theyfallshortofresearchers’initialexpectations.C.SomeofthemarenotpracticalintimesofCOVID-19.D.Theyareunexpectedlyhelpfultoawiderangeofpeople.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheFutureofVirtualNatureinNursingHomesB.WatchingNatureVirtuallyBoostsMoodandEasesBoredomC.BeingOutinNatureBenefitsBothHealthandWell-being.D.SuitableMethodsofEnjoyingVirtualNatureforSickPeople〖答案〗8.A9.C10.D11.B〖祥解〗這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了研究者們通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)虛擬的自然體驗(yàn)?zāi)芴岣咝那?，緩解無(wú)聊?！?題詳析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theresearcherswantedtoseeifthesamepositiveimpactsofbeingoutinnaturewouldtranslatetoexperiencingnaturevirtually,studyco-authorAlexSmalley,PhDstudentandresearcherontheVirtualNatureprojectintheU.K,tellsTreehugger.”（研究合著者AlexSmalley是一名博士生，也是英國(guó)“虛擬自然”項(xiàng)目的研究人員，他告訴Treehugger，研究人員想知道，置身大自然的積極影響是否會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為虛擬體驗(yàn)大自然。）可知，本段在講述研究的目的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析〗詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“behindthestudy”（研究背后）以及“toresearchbenefitsforpeoplewhoarestuckindoors”（研究其對(duì)宅在室內(nèi)的人的好處），可知本句在講述研究的動(dòng)機(jī)，所以“impetus”此處意指動(dòng)機(jī)，C項(xiàng)“motivation”與其意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butthereareentirelynewpositiveresultsintoday’sworldduetoCOVID-19,“Weneverimaginedadiseasewouldmeantheresultsmightapplytosuchawidepartoftheglobalpopulation,”Smalleysays.”（但是，由于新冠病毒感染癥，在今天的世界上出現(xiàn)了全新的積極結(jié)果。斯莫利表示:“我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有想到，一種疾病會(huì)意味著這種結(jié)果可能適用于全球如此廣泛的人口?！保┛芍琒malley認(rèn)為這個(gè)研究結(jié)果出乎意料地幫助了很多人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“So,whathappenswhenyoubringnatureintoyourhomeviaTV?Anewstudyfindsthatavirtualnatureexperiencecanhavesomeofthesameeffects.”（那么，當(dāng)你通過(guò)電視把大自然帶進(jìn)家里時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生什么呢?一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，虛擬的自然體驗(yàn)可以有一些相同的效果。）、第四段“Theinteractivevirtualrealityexperienceactuallyincreasedpositivefeelings,suchashappiness,andstrengthenedtheconnectionspeoplesaidtheyhadtonature.”（這種交互式的虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)體驗(yàn)實(shí)際上增加了積極的感覺(jué)，比如快樂(lè)，并加強(qiáng)了人們所說(shuō)的他們與自然的聯(lián)系。）和最后一段“‘We’dalwaysrecommendtryingtogetoutintonaturewhereverpossiblebutforthosewhocan’t,ourfindingssuggestthatdigitalexperiencesofnaturecouldprovideashort-termfix.’”（我們總是建議盡可能多地到大自然中去，但對(duì)于那些不能到大自然中去的人來(lái)說(shuō)，我們的研究表明，大自然的數(shù)字體驗(yàn)可以提供一個(gè)短期的解決辦法。）可知，本文主要講述在電視上體驗(yàn)虛擬的自然也能帶來(lái)差不多相同的效果，可以讓人感到快樂(lè)。因此，B項(xiàng)“WatchingNatureVirtuallyBoostsMoodandEasesBoredom”（看虛擬大自然能改善心情，緩解厭倦）符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)。DScientistsareattemptingtoextract(提取)cellsfroma40,000-year-oldhorseinhopesofusingthesampletoclonetheextinctspeciesbackintoexistence.Themalebabyhorsewasdiscoveredin2018inpermafrost(永凍土)innortheasternSiberiaofRussia.AteamofscientistsfromSouthKoreaandRussiabelievestheyounghorse,calledtheLenskayaorLenahorse,wasabout20daysoldwhenitdied.Thespeciesofhorse,nowextinct,isbetween30,000and40,000yearsold.Thankstotheterriblecoldness,theanimal’stissuewaspreservedenoughforthescientiststoobtainsamples.SemyonGrigoriev,headofthelabattheMammoth(猛犸象)MuseumoftheNorth-EasternFederalUniversityinYakutsk,saidthehorsewas“well-preservedanda“greatfind”.Thereisnodamagetothehorse’sbodyandevenitshairisundamaged.Theunfortunateanimal,accordingtoGrigoriev,“couldhavedrownedafterfallingintosomekindofanaturaltrap.”HwangWoo-Suk,aresearcherfromSouthKoreaworkingontheproject,said,“Ifresearchersfindacell,theywilldotheirbesttoclonetheanimal.Ifwegetlivecellsfromthisancientbabyhorse,itwouldbewonderfulintermsofcloning.”Afterthat,theywillmakeaclonedembryoandletafemalehorsecarryitasitsmother.Hwangsaidmodern-dayhorsesare“verysimilartotheancientone,”sotherewouldbenoproblemgettinghelpfromamodern-dayfemalehorse.Thescientistsarehopingtheexperimentonthebabyhorsewillgivethemexperienceinprogressingtowardtheirambitiousgoal-bringingbacktheextinctwoollymammoth.“Ifwemanagetoclonethehorse-itwillbethefirststeptocloningthemammoth,”Hwangsaid.12.WhywastheLenskayahorsekeptingoodcondition?A.Itdiedquiteyoung.B.Itwasburiedundertheground.C.Alocalmuseumhadpreservedit.D.Thetemperatureswereextremelylow.13.Whatdoweknowaboutthebabyhorse?A.Itwasafemalehorse.B.Itshairwaspartlydestroyed.C.Itmighthavediedbyaccident.D.Itstissuecanhardlybefound.14.Whatmusttheresearchersdobeforecloningtheextincthorse?A.Getlivecellsfromthebabyhorse.B.Makeanembryoinafemalehorse.C.Findanidealmodern-dayfemalehorse.D.Knowmoreaboutextinctancienthorses.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AnewhorsespeciesfoundinSiberiaB.ScientistsattempttocloneextincthorseC.Howtopreserveancientanimals’tissuesD.Howtoextractcellsfromextinctspecies〖答案〗12.D13.C14.A15.B〖祥解〗這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本篇文章介紹了科科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)一具保存完好的遠(yuǎn)古幼馬遺體，他們將試圖通過(guò)提取幼馬遺體內(nèi)的細(xì)胞來(lái)克隆出已經(jīng)滅絕的“萊納馬”?！?2題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Thankstotheterriblecoldness,theanimal’stissuewaspreservedenoughforthescientiststoobtainsamples.(由于極端的寒冷，動(dòng)物的組織被保存得足以讓科學(xué)家獲得樣本)可知，Lenskaya馬處于不錯(cuò)的狀態(tài)是因?yàn)樵跇O冷的環(huán)境中。故選D?！?3題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Theunfortunateanimal,accordingtoGrigoriev,“couldhavedrownedafterfallingintosomekindofanaturaltrap.”可知據(jù)Grigoriev說(shuō)，這只不幸的動(dòng)物可能是“落入某種自然陷阱后被淹死的”。由此可知，這匹小馬可能是意外死亡的。故選C?！?4題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Ifwegetlivecellsfromthisancientbabyhorse,itwouldbewonderfulintermsofcloning.可知如果我們能從這匹古老的小馬駒身上獲得活細(xì)胞，那將是克隆技術(shù)的一大奇跡。由此可知，研究人員在克隆滅絕的馬之前必須從幼馬身上獲取活細(xì)胞。故選A?！?5題詳析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中Scientistsareattemptingtoextractcellsfroma40,000-year-oldhorseinhopesofusingthesampletoclonetheextinctspeciesbackintoexistence.可知科學(xué)家們正試圖從一匹4萬(wàn)年前的馬身上提取細(xì)胞，希望用這個(gè)樣本將這個(gè)滅絕的物種克隆回來(lái)。可推斷，本文報(bào)道了一項(xiàng)重要的生物考古發(fā)現(xiàn)：科學(xué)家在西伯利亞發(fā)現(xiàn)了一具保存完好的遠(yuǎn)古幼馬遺體，并試圖通過(guò)它的細(xì)胞克隆出這種已經(jīng)滅絕的“萊納馬”。故B項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家試圖克隆滅絕的馬”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，共12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Foodsafetyisaprobleminallplacesaroundtheworldandpeopleindifferentareasoftheworldpreparefoodsindifferentways.TheWHOreleasedfivesimplerulesforpreparingfoodinasafeway._____16_____Key1:KeepcleanThefirstkeytellsabouttheimportanceofwashing.Peopleshouldwashtheirhandsoften—beforetouchingfood,whiletheyarepreparingfood,andanytimeaftertheygotothetoiletPeopleshouldwashallsurfacesandequipmentusedforpreparingfood.____17____Key2:SeparaterawandcookedPeopleshouldseparateraw,oruncookedfoodfromfoodsthatarealreadycookedandfoodsthatwillnotbecooked.Peopleshouldstorerawmeat,chicken,andfishincontainers,orinseparateareasRawfoodsshouldnottouchpreparedfoods.Key3:Cookcompletely.Peopleshouldcookeggsandmeat,likebirds,seafood,andanimals,especiallycarefully.Thesefoodsmaycarrymoremicro-organismsthanotherfoods.____18____Itisalsoimportantthatpeoplere-heatcookedfoodcompletely.Key4:____19____Whenpeoplearefinishedwitheating,theyshouldkeeptheleftover(吃剩的食物)inarefrigeratorbelow5℃andshouldn'tstoreitfortoolong.Atroomtemperature,about20℃,theamountofmicro-organismscanincreaseveryquickly.Buttemperaturesabove60℃orbelow5℃controlthegrowthofmicro-organisms.____20____Key5:Usesafewaterandrawmaterials.Peopleshouldusesafewaterandchoosefreshfoods.Damagedoroldfoodmaydevelopharmfulchemicalsasitgetsolder.A.Keepfoodatsafetemperatures.B.Eatcookedfoodimmediately,whileitisstillhot.C.Theycalltheserulesthe“FiveKeystoSaferFood.”D.Keepingeverythingcleanhelpspeopletoavoidmicro-organisms.E.Theycannotgrowsoquicklyinaveryhotorverycoldenvironment.F.Peopleshouldalsoprotectcookingareasandfoodfrominsectsandanimals.G.Foodlikesoupmustbeboiledforatleastaminutetomakeitbecookedcompletely.〖答案〗16.C17.D18.G19.A20.E〖祥解〗這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講述了食品安全問(wèn)題是全世界的共同問(wèn)題，世界上不同區(qū)域的人們以不同方式準(zhǔn)備食物的。此外，文章介紹了安全食品五大要點(diǎn)：1、保持干凈；2、將生的食物和熟的分開(kāi)；3、煮食物要完全煮熟；4、安全的溫度保存食物；5、使用安全的水和原材料。〖16題詳析〗根據(jù)上文“TheWHOreleasedfivesimplerulesforpreparingfoodinasafeway.

”（世界衛(wèi)生組織發(fā)布了五條食品安全的原則）可知，句中fivesimplerules和preparingfoodinasafeway分別與C選項(xiàng)的FiveKeys和SaferFood前后相一致，句意連貫。故選C?！?7題詳析〗根據(jù)上文“Peopleshouldwashallsurfacesandequipmentusedforpreparingfood.”（人們應(yīng)該清洗所有用于制備食品的表面和設(shè)備）可知，句中的washallsurfacesandequipment與D項(xiàng)的Keepingeverythingclean意思相一致，且選項(xiàng)D中用toavoidmicro-organisms進(jìn)一步闡釋了需要全面清潔的原因。故選D?！?8題詳析〗根據(jù)段落總結(jié)Key3:Cookcompletely以及下文“Itisalsoimportantthatpeoplere-heatcookedfoodcompletely.”（人們完全重新加熱熟食也是很重要的）可知，本段內(nèi)容重點(diǎn)是煮熟食物，且由also可知設(shè)空處也應(yīng)在講需要完全煮熟的食物。選項(xiàng)G中的tomakeitbecookedcompletely剛好與本段主題和前后句意相一致。故選G?！?9題詳析〗根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，Key4是對(duì)本段內(nèi)容的概括性總結(jié)，本段重點(diǎn)講述食物在冰箱保存的合適溫度及微生物在不同溫度下的生長(zhǎng)速度。選項(xiàng)A中的safetemperatures與段落中的

below5℃，about20℃以及temperaturesabove60℃

orbelow5℃相一致，且符合段落主題。故選A?！?0題詳析〗根據(jù)上文“Buttemperaturesabove60℃

orbelow5℃

controlthegrowthofmicro-organisms.”（溫度高于60℃或者低于5℃都可控制微生物的生長(zhǎng)。）可知，句中的temperaturesabove60℃

orbelow5℃

和controlthegrowthofmicro-organisms分別與E項(xiàng)的inaveryhotorverycoldenvironment和Theycannotgrowsoquickly相一致，且句意相符。故選E。第二部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共二節(jié);滿分30分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Recently,ourschoolhasheldanactivitycalled“UsAfterTenYears”,wherethespeakerspresentedwhattheywouldbecomeinthefuture.Atfirst,Ididn’tcareaboutthe____21____,butjustfourdaysbeforetheceremony,myheadteacheraskedmeto____22____onestudentwhogotill.Therewerethreedifficultiesduringmy____23____.Firstly,Ididn’thaveaclearcareerpathatthattime.Luckily,myclassmates____24____thatIchoosetobeadiplomat(外交官),whoiseloquent(善辯的),____25____,andenjoyscriticalthinking,likeme.Secondly,Ihadtochoosearepresentativescenetoshowmycareer.Myfirst____26____wastoholdapressconference.However,thatwouldhavetaken____27____thanthescheduledtime.Ultimately,Idecidedtogiveaspeechtothecurrentstudentsaboutmyjob.Finally,Ihadtodecidethepresentation____28____.Duringmyfirsttwopractices,Itriedto____29____thepresentChineseForeignMinistryspokesmen.ButIcouldn’tfindmyselflikethemwhenspeaking.Itoldmyself:“Youare_____30_____,sobeyourselfandcreateyourownstyle.”Thencamemytime.Itookadeepbreathandwalked____31____ontothestage,____32____tomyaudience.Thebrightlightsandscreamsfromtheauditoriumsuddenlysurroundedmetightly.Fortunately,everythingwentasexpected.Whenthelastspeechconcluded,theheavyburden____33____intoawholesenseofreliefsuddenly,thenasenseofpride.I’mproudthatIhave____34____thementalfears.I’malsoproudofChinesediplomats,whomeetallkindsofquestionsand____35____butmanagetokeepshowingChinesewisdom.That’sthekindofpersonIwanttobe.21.A.career B.ambition C.belief D.activity22.A.hitthespot B.taketheplaceof C.takechargeof D.getridof23.A.investigation B.commitment C.preparation D.examination24.A.suggested B.requested C.urged D.demanded25.A.unselfish B.ambitious C.stubborn D.hardworking26.A.impression B.behavior C.arrangement D.display27.A.longer B.shorter C.harder D.faster28.A.innovation B.highlight C.purpose D.style29.A.interpret B.imitate C.lead D.persuade30.A.tolerant B.optimistic C.unique D.outgoing31.A.steadily B.impatiently C.constantly D.gradually32.A.whispering B.greeting C.shouting D.waving33.A.wasadapted B.wastranslated C.wastransformed D.wasadjusted34.A.stimulated B.overcome C.formed D.impressed35.A.emergencies B.rewards C.solutions D.measures〖答案〗21.D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.D33.C34.B35.A〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者克服心理障礙成功地完成表演的故事。〖21題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，我并不關(guān)心這個(gè)活動(dòng)，但就在典禮前四天，我的班主任讓我代替一個(gè)生病的學(xué)生。A.career職業(yè)；B.ambition雄心；C.belief信念；D.activity活動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文“Recently,ourschoolhasheldanactivitycalled“UsAfterTenYears”,wherethespeakerspresentedwhattheywouldbecomeinthefuture.(最近，我們學(xué)校舉辦了一個(gè)名為“十年后的我們”的活動(dòng)，演講嘉賓介紹了他們未來(lái)會(huì)成為什么。)”可知，上文此處指作者不關(guān)心這個(gè)“活動(dòng)”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：同上。A.hitthespot正合需要；B.taketheplaceof代替；C.takechargeof接管；D.getridof擺脫。分析句意再根據(jù)空格后的“studentwhogotill(生病的學(xué)生)”可知，此處是指“代替”生病的學(xué)生。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我的準(zhǔn)備過(guò)程中有三個(gè)困難。A.investigation調(diào)查；B.commitment承諾；C.preparation準(zhǔn)備；D.examination考試。根據(jù)上文“Therewerethreedifficulties(有三個(gè)困難)”可知，此處是指在“準(zhǔn)備”過(guò)程中有三個(gè)困難。故選C項(xiàng)。〖24題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我的同學(xué)建議我選擇成為一名外交官，他口才好，勤奮，喜歡批判性思維，就像我一樣。A.suggested建議；B.requested要求；C.urged敦促；D.demanded要求。根據(jù)下文“thatIchoosetobeadiplomat(我選擇成為一名外交官)”可知，此處是指同學(xué)“建議”我這樣做。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.unselfish無(wú)私的；B.ambitious有抱負(fù)的；C.stubborn固執(zhí)的；D.hardworking努力工作的。根據(jù)上文的diplomat可知，此處是指“努力工作的”外交官。故選D項(xiàng)。〖26題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的第一個(gè)安排是召開(kāi)新聞發(fā)布會(huì)。然而，這將花費(fèi)比預(yù)定時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。最后，我決定給現(xiàn)在的學(xué)生做一個(gè)關(guān)于我工作的演講。A.impression印象；B.behavior行為；C.arrangement安排；D.display展示。根據(jù)下文“holdapressconference(召開(kāi)新聞發(fā)布會(huì))”可知，這是作者的第一個(gè)“安排”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.longer更長(zhǎng)的；B.shorter更短的；C.harder更難的；D.faster更快的。根據(jù)上文的However可知，此處指比預(yù)定時(shí)間“更長(zhǎng)”。故選A項(xiàng)。〖28題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我必須決定展示的風(fēng)格。A.innovation革新；B.highlight最好的部分；C.purpose目的；D.style風(fēng)格。根據(jù)空格前的presentation可知，此處是指展示的“風(fēng)格”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我的前兩次練習(xí)中，我試圖模仿現(xiàn)在的中國(guó)外交部發(fā)言人。A.interpret解釋；B.imitate模仿；C.lead引領(lǐng)；D.persuade說(shuō)服。根據(jù)下文“ButIcouldn’tfindmyselflikethemwhenspeaking(但當(dāng)我說(shuō)話時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不像他們)”可知，此處指作者試圖“模仿”外交部發(fā)言人。故選B項(xiàng)。〖30題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我告訴自己：“你是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的，所以做你自己，創(chuàng)造你自己的風(fēng)格?！盇.tolerant寬容的；B.optimistic樂(lè)觀的；C.unique獨(dú)特的；D.outgoing外向的。根據(jù)下文“sobeyourselfandcreateyourownstyle(所以做你自己，創(chuàng)造你自己的風(fēng)格)”可知，此處是指你是“獨(dú)一無(wú)二的”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我的時(shí)代來(lái)了。我深吸了一口氣，穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地走上舞臺(tái)，向觀眾揮手致意。A.steadily穩(wěn)步地；B.impatiently不耐煩地；C.constantly不斷地；D.gradually逐漸地。根據(jù)上文“Itookadeepbreath(我深吸了一口氣)”可知，此處指“穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地”走上舞臺(tái)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析〗考查動(dòng)名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.whispering低語(yǔ)；B.greeting問(wèn)候；C.shouting呼喊；D.waving揮手。根據(jù)空格后的audience可知，此處指向觀眾“揮手”致意。故選D項(xiàng)。〖33題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)最后一次演講結(jié)束時(shí)，沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)突然變成了一種完整的解脫感，然后是一種自豪感。A.wasadapted被改編；B.wastranslated被翻譯；C.wastransformed被轉(zhuǎn)化；D.wasadjusted被調(diào)節(jié)。根據(jù)空格前的burden和空格后的relief可知，此處指“負(fù)擔(dān)”變成了“解脫”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我很自豪我已經(jīng)克服了心理上的恐懼。A.stimulated刺激；B.overcome克服；C.formed形成；D.impressed留下印象。根據(jù)上文的“Fortunately,everythingwentasexpected.Whenthelastspeechconcluded,theheavyburdenintoawholesenseofreliefsuddenly,thenasenseofpride.”可知，此處指“克服”了心里恐懼而自豪。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我也為中國(guó)外交官感到驕傲，他們面對(duì)各種各樣的問(wèn)題和緊急情況，但仍然保持著中國(guó)智慧。A.emergencies緊急事件；B.rewards獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；C.solutions解決方法；D.measures措施。分析句意再根據(jù)and前的questions可知，此處用emergencies表示“緊急事件”和questions呼應(yīng)。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié):(共10小題，每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WorldTaiChi&QigongDayfallingonthelastSaturdayofAprilisanannualeventorganized____36____(promote)TaiChiandQigongacrosstheworld.Sinceitstartedin1999,the

movement____37____(witness)peopleinover80countriestakingpartinitscelebrations.ThefirstformofTaiChiasapracticaltradition____38____(document)inNorthernChinain

the17thcentury,____39____themostwidely____40____(recognize)formwasthe“Yangstyle”spreadbyYangLuchaninthe19thcentury.Inthe20thcentury,TaiChi’svariousmethodswerestandardized,helpingit

gain____41____(wide)recognition.Theevent____42____inspiredWorldTaiChi&QigongDaytookplace

inKansasCity,Missouriin1998,wherethelocalTaiChiclubheldapublicexhibition____43____(aim)tospreadtheChinesemartialarts(武術(shù)).Gradually,theeventcaughtpeople’sinterest,beginninginotherAmericancitiesandeventuallyspreadingworldwideby1999.Thegoalsoftheeventtodayaretoeducatetheworldaboutthemedicalandspiritual____44____(benefit)botharts

offer,andthebenefitsofincludingtraditionalChineseideasinhealth,educationetc.Thesearetaughtthrougheventsrangingfromeducationalseminars(研討課)toexhibitions.Bydoing

so,themovementhelpsencourage____45____(cooperate)thatgoesbeyondgeopoliticalborders.〖答案〗36.topromote37.haswitnessed38.wasdocumented39.but40.recognized41.wider42.that##which43.aiming44.benefits45.cooperation〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了太極運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展歷史和“世界太極氣功日”這一年度活動(dòng)的由來(lái)、目標(biāo)及意義?！?6題詳析〗考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：每年四月的最后一個(gè)星期六是“世界太極氣功日”，這是一年一度的活動(dòng)，旨在在全世界推廣太極和氣功。由句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“is”可知，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，作目的狀語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。故填topromote?！?7題詳析〗考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：自1999年開(kāi)始以來(lái)，這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)見(jiàn)證了80多個(gè)國(guó)家的人們參加慶?；顒?dòng)。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句“Sinceitstartedin1999”可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語(yǔ)為“themovement”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故填haswitnessed。〖38題詳析〗考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：太極拳作為一種實(shí)用傳統(tǒng)的第一種形式，是在17世紀(jì)的中國(guó)北方被記錄下來(lái)的，但最被廣泛認(rèn)可的形式是19世紀(jì)楊路蟬傳播的“楊體”。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“inthe17thcentury”可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；主語(yǔ)為“ThefirstformofTaiChi”，與“document”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)。故填wasdocumented?！?9題詳析〗考查連詞。句意：太極拳作為一種實(shí)用傳統(tǒng)的第一種形式，是在17世紀(jì)的中國(guó)北方被記錄下來(lái)的，但最被廣泛認(rèn)可的形式是19世紀(jì)楊路蟬傳播的“楊體”。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為連詞，連接兩個(gè)并列句；根據(jù)句意，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but?！?0題詳析〗考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：太極拳作為一種實(shí)用傳統(tǒng)的第一種形式，是在17世紀(jì)的中國(guó)北方被記錄下來(lái)的，但最被廣泛認(rèn)可的形式是19世紀(jì)楊路蟬傳播的“楊體”。由句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“was”可知，此處應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與名詞“form”之間形成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，作定語(yǔ)修飾“form”，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填recognized?！?1題詳析〗考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：在20世紀(jì)，太極拳的各種方法被標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，幫助它獲得更廣泛的認(rèn)可。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為形容詞，作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞“recognition”，根據(jù)上一句中的“themostwidelyrecognizedform”及句意可知，應(yīng)用比較級(jí)形式。故填wider?！?2題詳析