廣東省2022年中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案-專題九動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)

專題九動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)廣東省卷近5年中考統(tǒng)計(jì)情況20172018201920202021被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)√√√√√1.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí),這時(shí)不用by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者短語(yǔ)Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.這些書(shū)是為兒童寫(xiě)的。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者,這時(shí)應(yīng)用by短語(yǔ)ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.這個(gè)杯子被大衛(wèi)打碎了。作客觀說(shuō)明時(shí),常采用一種被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句型:Itwassaid/believed/reported/+that...據(jù)說(shuō)/據(jù)信/據(jù)報(bào)道……It’sreportedthataboutthreehundredpeoplewerekilledinthisearthquake.據(jù)報(bào)道,大約有300人在地震中喪生。2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成句式句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句主語(yǔ)+be+過(guò)去分詞(+by...).Heisoftenaskedtodothiswork(byhisboss).他經(jīng)常被(老板)要求做這項(xiàng)工作。否定句主語(yǔ)+benot+過(guò)去分詞(+by...).Iamnotinvitedtotheparty(byhim).我沒(méi)有被(他)邀請(qǐng)參加宴會(huì)。一般疑問(wèn)句Be+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞(+by...)?Areyourclotheswashedbyyourself?你自己洗衣服嗎?特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞(+by...)?Whatisthissweatermadeof?這件毛衣是由什么制成的?3.由主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法(1)主動(dòng)句里的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句里的主語(yǔ)。(2)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)形式,即“be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”。要注意be動(dòng)詞既保持主動(dòng)句的時(shí)態(tài),又要與被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。(3)主動(dòng)句里的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語(yǔ),再把整個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后,有時(shí)該短語(yǔ)可以省略。例如:各種時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday.我們的教室每天都打掃。一般過(guò)去時(shí)主語(yǔ)+was/were+過(guò)去分詞ThecarwasmadeinGermanyin2003.這輛車2003年產(chǎn)自德國(guó)。一般將來(lái)時(shí)主語(yǔ)+will+be+過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)+begoingto+be+過(guò)去分詞Thesportsmeetingwill/isgoingtobeheldinOctober.運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將于10月舉行。含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞ShouldteenagersbeallowedtosurftheInternet?青少年應(yīng)該被允許上網(wǎng)嗎?(A)1.DrBethune_______still_______inbothChinaandCanadatoday.

A.is;remembered B.is;remembering C.will;remember D.has;remembered(B)2.Ababy’sfirstmonthbirthdayisaspecialeventinChinaand_______withaspecialparty.

A.celebrates B.iscelebrated C.wascelebrated D.willcelebrate(D)3.Theboythinksheshouldn’t_______whattodobecauseheis18now.

A.tell B.tells C.telling D.betold(C)4.Twobridges_______overtheriverfiveyearsagoinourcity.

A.build B.built C.werebuilt D.arebuilt特殊形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)(直接賓語(yǔ)、間接賓語(yǔ))的句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)常見(jiàn)的接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive,teach,pay,tell,buy,show,lend,write,pass等。通常這種句子可以改為以“人”作主語(yǔ)和以“物”作主語(yǔ)的兩種被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Hegavemeabook.他給了我一本書(shū)。—Iwasgivenabookbyhim.(以I作主語(yǔ))—Abookwasgiventomebyhim.(以book作主語(yǔ))feel,hear,listento,have,make,let(讓;使),lookat,watch,see,notice在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中,其后的動(dòng)詞不定式不加to,但在變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)必須加toIsawhimgointotheofficebuilding.我看到他走進(jìn)辦公樓。Hewasseentogointotheofficebuilding.他被看見(jiàn)走進(jìn)辦公樓。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),不能去掉構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的介詞或副詞。這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有:lookafter,lookat,takecareof,putup,takeaway,goover,payattentionto,cutdown,laughat等Theytookgoodcareofmychild.(主動(dòng))他們照顧好我的孩子。Mychildwastakengoodcareof(bythem).(被動(dòng))我的孩子被(他們)照顧得很好。有些動(dòng)詞表被動(dòng)意義,不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作,特別是主語(yǔ)為物時(shí)。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有sell,write,wash等Thesenovelswon’tsellwell.這些小說(shuō)不好賣。Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.這種布容易洗。不及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))happen,takeplace沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinDongguaninthelastfewyears.過(guò)去的幾年里,東莞發(fā)生了很大的變化?！皐ant/need/require+動(dòng)名詞”用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)Thedoorisbroken.Itneedsrepairing/toberepaired.門(mén)壞了,需要修理。(A)Intheolddays,they_______inthefactoryfrommorningtonight.

A.weremadetowork B.askedtoworkC.madetowork D.wereaskedwork(B)1.(2020·安順中考)—Krystal,doyouknowhowteaisproduced?—Yes.Whentealeavesareready,theyarepickedbyhandandthen_______forprocessing.

A.send B.aresent C.weresent D.sending(B)2.(2020·黔南州中考)WiththedevelopmentofChina,Chinese_______bymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.

A.speaks B.isspoken C.speak D.isspeaking(A)3.(2020·黔西南州中考)Anumberofvolunteerswill_______forthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames.

A.beneeded B.areneeded C.areneeding D.beneeding(A)4.(2020·哈爾濱中考)—Whatlanguage_______inCanada?

—BothEnglishandFrench.A.isspoken B.speaks C.isspeaking D.spoke(C)5.(2020·綏化中考)Theoldlady_______thehospitalintimeatlast.

A.istakento B.tookto C.wastakento D.istaken(D)6.(2020·瀘州中考)Ourplantohaveagraduationceremony_______inthenextclassmeeting.

A.wasdiscussed B.willdiscuss C.isdiscussed D.willbediscussed(B)7.(2020·牡丹江中考)Accordingtothenewcityrules,we_______toshowourgreenhealthcodes(健康碼)whenwegotopublicplaces.

A.ask B.areasked C.wereasked D.asked(A)8.(2020·湘西中考)AizhaiGreatBridge_______inMarch2012anditisoneofthehighestbridgesinAsia.

A.wasbuilt B.built C.isbuilt D.isbuild(C)9.(2020·丹東中考)Basketball_______in1891.Thenin1936inBerlin,itbecameaneventattheOlympics.

A.plays B.isplayed C.wasplayed D.played(C)10.(2020·銅仁中考)—Chinaisgettingstrongerandstronger.—Yes.SoChinese_______bymoreandmoreforeigners.

A.learn B.learned C.islearned D.waslearned(A)11.(2020·新疆中考)Mostoftheearth’ssurface_______bywater.

A.iscovered B.covers C.isgrown D.grows(C)12.(2020·濱州中考)—WillyougotoLisa’shousewarmingpartynextSunday?—Well,ifI_______,Iwillgoontime.

A.invite B.willinvite C.aminvited D.willbeinvited(D)13.(2020·重慶中考A卷)AnotherbridgeovertheJialingRiver_______lastyear.

A.builds B.built C.isbuilt D.wasbuilt(D)14.(2020·重慶中考B卷)WhenIwasyoung,I_______bymygrandparents.

A.lookafter B.lookedafter C.amlookedafter D.waslookedafter(C)15.(2021·大連中考)The2022AsianGames_______inHangzhou.

A.hold B.held C.willbeheld D.haveheld(A)16.(2021·重慶中考)Alotoftrees_______inourcityinspringeveryyear.

A.areplanted B.wereplanted C.plant D.planted(C)17.(2021·天津中考)TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecartoonhero.Today,he_______bypeopleofallages.

A.willlove B.wasloved C.isloved D.willbeloved(C)18.(2021·瀘州中考)“I’mstillworkingbecauseI’mstillcapableandhopetoguidemoreyoungpeople,”saidWuMengchaowhenhe_______.

A.isinterviewed B.isinterviewingC.wasinterviewed D.wasinterviewing(D)19.(2021·遂寧中考)Tocelebratethe100thbirthdayoftheCommunistPartyofChina,aspeechcompetition_______inourschoollastweek.

A.hold B.held C.isheld D.washeld(C)20.(2021·昆明中考)Alotofteenagersthinkastheyareolderandwiser,they_______tomaketheirowndecisions.

A.shouldallow B.shouldn’tallowC.shouldbeallowed D.shouldn’tbeallowed語(yǔ)法選擇Haveyoueverhadadaywheneverythinggoeswrong?Nottoolongago,Iwashavingoneofthosedays.Inlowspirits,Iwas1.Iwasthinkingaboutmyproblemsalone.Afterall,nooneelse2thesameproblemsasIwas.

Iexpressedmysadnesstomymother,hopingforsomepity.3shesaid,“IheardLilywasalsohavingadifficultday.Whynotmakehersomecookiesandtakethemtoherthisafternoon?”Ididn’treallywantto,butdecidedthatIdidn’twant4backtomyownproblemsyet.Imadethecookiesandplaced5onaplate.ThenImadeacardwithasunfloweronitandwroteasmallwarmandsweetnote.

Thatafternoon,wedroppedinatmyfriend’shouse.Iwenttothedoorandrangthebell.Soon,Lilycametothedoor.Shedidn’texpectourvisit.Soshelookedatus6surprise.Beforeshe7saysomething,Irushed,“Iheardthatyouwerehavingabaddayanddecidedtobringyousomething.Ihopeyourdaygoes8.”ThelookonLily’sfacewasgettingbrightinthatsmallact.Itwasasifadarkskysu