外研版高中英語必修三 （Disaster and hope）SectionA 新課件

Unit6Disasterandhope

SectionAThe

Science

of

EarthquakesWhatisanearthquake?Thesurfaceoftheearthisdividedintodifferentpieces.Thesearecalledtectonic

plates①.Whentwoplatessuddenlyslippastoneanother,anearthquakehappens.Thisshakesthegroundandeverythingonit.Whatcauseearthquakesandwheredotheyhappen?Theearthhasfourmainlayers②.Theyareinnercore,outercore,mantle③andtheearth’scrust④.Thecrustandthetopofthemantlemakeupathinskinonthesurfaceoftheplanet.Butthisskinisnotallinonepiece.Itisactuallymadeupofmanytectonicplates.Theyarelikepuzzlepieces.Thesepiecesarealwaysslidingaroundandbumpingintoeachother.Sometimestheiredgesgetstucktogether.Whenthishappens,therestoftheplatekeepsmoving.Eventuallytheedgescomeunstuck.Thatiswhenanearthquakehappens.Whydoestheearthshakewhenthereisanearthquake?Earthquakessendoutwavesinalldirections.Whentheyreachtheearth’ssurface,theyshaketheground.Therearedifferenttypesofearthquakewaves.ThePwavesqueezesandstretchestheearth.TheSwaveshakeitupanddown.Howareearthquakesrecorded?Scientistsusespecialtoolstorecordandmeasureearthquakes.Thesetoolsarecalledseismographs⑤.Recordingsfromseismographstellscientistswhenandwhereanearthquaketookplace.Theycanalsotellscientiststhesizeofanearthquake.

詞海拾貝①tectonicplate構造板塊②layern.層③mantlen.地幔④crustn.地殼⑤seismographn.地震儀典句欣賞Recordingsfromseismographstellscientistswhenandwhereanearthquaketookplace.譯文:地震儀的記錄告訴科學家地震發(fā)生的時間和地點。分析:該句子中Recordings為主語,fromseismographs為介詞短語作后置定語,修飾Recordings;tell為謂語,scientists作tell的間接賓語;whenandwhereanearthquaketookplace為賓語從句。理解誘思1.Whatsignsbeforeanearthquake?答案:Brightlightflashinthesky.Thewaterinthewellrisesandfalls.Chickensareflyinganddogsarebarking,andpigsandcowsaretoonervous.Fishjumpoutofthepond,andmicerunwildlyoutofthefields.2.Whatshouldwedoincasethereisanearthquake?答案:Besuretostaycalmanddoeverythingtheteachertellsyou.Ifyouareinclass,takecoverunderdeskquicklyanddonotmoveuntilthefloorstopsshaking.Ifyouareontheplayground,staywhereyouare,crouchandprotectyourhead.Don’tstandnearhighbuildingsthatmayfalldownanddon’tjumpoffthebuilding.Helpyourclassmatesifyoucanandtrytogothroughthedisastertogether.

Startingout&UnderstandingideasⅠ.知識體系圖解

disastertubepluseruptimmediatelyhurricaneoccurannouncement對……做出回應,反應面臨,面對應對,解決撿起當然與……比起來成功瀏覽由于而且,除此之外Ⅱ.詞匯拓展1.eruptv.→

(n.)

2.immediatelyadv.&conj.→

(adj.)

3.occurv.→

(n.)→

(過去式/過去分詞)

4.announcementn.→

(v.)

eruptionimmediateoccurrenceoccurredannounceⅢ.閱讀導學根據(jù)pp.62-63課文內容,回答下列問題。1.Whereistheauthor?2.Wheredoestheauthorprobablyworkin?3.WhydoestheauthorwanttogotoBankstation?4.Whatplansdoestheauthormakeforthefuture?5.Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenheseesthephotosinthenewspaper?答案:1.Inthetube/subway.2.Inabank.3.Toavoidthebadfeelingbythinkingaboutwork.4.Heplanstoputhisflatonthemarketandbuyaboat;speakwithmymanageraboutmovingtothetopfloor;learntoswimandjoinabeginner’sswimmingclassimmediately.5.Hefeelsnervous.重點詞匯重點句式1.pick

up

拿起;卷起;掀起【課文原句】Picking

upafreenewspaperattheTubestation,Iseethetitle“Hot!Hot!Hot”.在地鐵站撿到一份免費報紙,我看到標題是“熱!熱!很熱”?！驹~匯精講】pickup在該句子中表示“拿起”,同時,它還有“拾起;接收(信號);(偶然)學會;整理;接載;情況好轉”等含義。Hepicked

upsomeFrenchwordswhilelivingwithaFrenchman.他和一個法國人住在一起時學會了一些法語單詞。Theschoolbuspicks

upthechildrenthreetimeseveryday.校車每天接送孩子們三次。Theequipmentpicked

upthesignalfromthesatellite.設備接收到衛(wèi)星發(fā)出的信號。重點詞匯重點句式【巧學助記】

重點詞匯重點句式【詞匯拓展】pickoneselfup跌倒后站起來pickupspeed加速pickon挑剔;捉弄;選中pickoff摘下pickout挑選;辨認出重點詞匯重點句式2.average

adj.平均的;普通的;正(平)常的【課文原句】TheaveragehightemperatureinJulyisonly22degrees,soover30isnotusualforLondon.7月份的平均高溫只有22度,因此倫敦的氣溫通常不會超過30度?！驹~匯精講】average在該句子中為形容詞,表示“平均的”。它還有名詞的詞性,表示“平均數(shù);平均水平;一般水準”;還可以作動詞,表示“平均為;計算出……的平均數(shù)”。Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord,withglobaltemperature0.68℃abovetheaverage.去年是有記錄以來最熱的一年,比全球平均氣溫高了0.68度。重點詞匯重點句式【詞匯拓展】anaverageof平均有on(the)average平均起來aboveaverage在平均水平以上belowaverage在平均水平以下uptoaverage達到平均水平averageout算出平均數(shù)Lastyearthenumberofstudentswhograduatedwithadrivinglicensereached200,000,an

average

of40,000peryear.去年畢業(yè)時就有駕照的學生數(shù)量已達到二十萬,平均每年四萬。On

average,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.美國平均每年有800場龍卷風,導致約80人死亡,1500人受傷。重點詞匯重點句式重點詞匯重點句式重點詞匯重點句式3

pare

v.

比較;匹敵;比喻;相比n.比較【課文原句】This,however,isnothingcomparedtothetrain.然而,這與火車比起來不算什么?！驹~匯精講】compare為動詞,在該句子中表示“比較,相比”。Don’tcompareyourstrengthwithothers’weakness,whichismeaningless.不要拿自己的長處和別人的短處做比較,這是沒有意義的。重點詞匯重點句式【詞匯拓展】compare...with...把……和……相比較compare...to...把……比作……comparedto/with...和……相比(通常作狀語)beyond/withoutcompare無與倫比,舉世無雙comparisonn.比較;對照;比喻incomparisonwith與……相比Ateacherisoftencompared

toacandle.That’sbecausetheirdevotiontoworkisbeyond/without

compare.老師常被比作蠟燭。那是因為他們對工作的投入是無與倫比的。Compared

toyourcontributionsourscountforlittle.與你們的貢獻比較起來,我們的算不了什么。重點詞匯重點句式重點詞匯重點句式4.immediately

adv.即刻,馬上【課文原句】I’lljoinabeginner’sswimmingclassimmediately.我馬上就要參加一個游泳初學者班?！驹~匯精講】在該句子中immediately為副詞,修飾動詞join,表示“立即,馬上”。

同時immediately還可以用作連詞,意為“一……就”,引導時間狀語從句。Thetelephonerang,andheanswereditimmediately.電話鈴響了,他馬上去接?！驹~匯拓展】immediateadj.立即的;直接的AsfarasIcansee,immediateactionshouldbetaken.依我看,必須立即采取措施。重點詞匯重點句式【名師點津】immediately表示“一……就”,相當于directly,instantly和assoonas,在它們所引導的時間狀語從句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。Immediatelyyoubegintospeak,hegivesyouhisfullattention.你只要一開始說話,他就會全神貫注地聽。重點詞匯重點句式重點詞匯重點句式5.cause

n.原因,起因;理由,緣故v.導致,使發(fā)生【課文原句】What’smore,heavyraininEasternEuropehascausedlandslidesandtheheatacrossSouthernEuropehascausedforestfires.此外,東歐的大雨導致了山體滑坡,整個南歐的高溫導致了森林火災?！驹~匯精講】cause在該句子中為動詞,表示“導致,使發(fā)生”,相當于leadto。同時,cause還可用作名詞,表示“……的原因”。Joe’sabsencefromschoolwascausedbyillness.因為生病,喬沒有上學。重點詞匯重點句式【詞匯拓展】causesbsth給某人造成某種結果causesb/sthtodosth導致某人做某事;引起某物……causedamage/lossto對……造成損失、損壞thecauseof...……的原因causeandeffect因果Thepoorharvestcaused

prices

to

risesharply.收成不好導致價格急劇上漲。Drunkdrivingisoneofthemostcommoncauses

oftrafficaccidents.酒后駕駛是交通事故最普遍的原因之一。重點詞匯重點句式重點詞匯重點句式6.occur

v.

發(fā)生【課文原句】Expertssaythisbadweatherhasoccurredduetoclimatechange.專家說由于氣候變化,這種糟糕的天氣已經發(fā)生了?！驹~匯精講】occur為不及物動詞,表示“發(fā)生”。occur的過去式和過去分詞形式要雙寫最后一個輔音字母,即occurred。Agoodideaoccurred

tomewhenIwokeupthismorning.今天早上醒來我突然想到一個好主意。重點詞匯重點句式【詞匯拓展】sthoccurstosb某人突然想起某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssbthat...某人突然想起……Itoccurstosbtodosth某人突然想起做某事Itsuddenlyoccurred

tomethatwhilewetriedtoteachourchildrenallaboutlife,theyactuallytaughtuswhatlifewasallabout.我突然想起,當我們試圖教我們的孩子們關于生活的一切時,他們實際上卻教會了我們什么是生活的全部。Thepossibilitythatshemightbewrongneverevenoccurred

toher.她根本沒有想到她可能會錯?！久麕燑c津】表達“發(fā)生”時,occur與happen可以互換;另外occur,happen,takeplace,breakout,comeabout等表示“發(fā)生”的短語都不能用于被動語態(tài)以及進行時態(tài)。重點詞匯重點句式重點詞匯重點句式Looking

through

my

newspaper,I’m

shocked

by

photos

showing

that

a

hurricane

in

Asia

has

destroyed

a

town.瀏覽報紙時我被一些照片所震驚,照片上顯示亞洲的一場颶風已經毀壞了一座城鎮(zhèn)?！揪涫狡饰觥縧ookingthroughmynewspaper為動詞-ing形式作伴隨狀語,showing為動詞-ing形式作photos的后置定語。ThefilmwillbeshownthisSundayafternoon,lasting2hours,from4:00to6:00.這部影片將在本周日下午放映,持續(xù)兩個小時,從4:00到6:00。Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.近期這個醫(yī)院得到了新的醫(yī)療設備,使得更多的病人得到治療。重點詞匯重點句式【句式拓展】(1)動詞-ing形式(短語)作狀語可以表示時間、原因、結果、方式或伴隨情況等,可相當于一個狀語從句。Findingthecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.=As/Becauseshefoundthecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.發(fā)現(xiàn)這門課很難,她決定調低一級。(2)動詞-ing形式(短語)作狀語,含有一般式(doing),完成式(havingdone)以及完成被動式(havingbeendone)。如果表示否定,not放在動詞-ing形式前面。Isatattheback,neverdaringtospeak.我坐在后面,從不敢吭聲。Havingwrittendownournamesandaddresses,thepolicemanletusgo.那警察把我們的姓名和地址記下之后就讓我們走了。重點詞匯重點句式【名師點津】判斷用動詞-ing形式還是過去分詞作狀語的關鍵是要分清其與邏輯主語之間的關系,是主動還是被動,其次就是分清楚其動作和謂語動詞動作的先后關系。重點詞匯重點句式重點詞匯重點句式ⅠⅡⅢ單詞拼寫1.Theearthquakewasoneoftheworstnaturald

thecountryhaseversuffered.

答案:disasters2.Observecarefullyifanychangeo

whendoingexperimentsinthelab.

答案:occurs3.Thesuppliesweresenttothelocalpeoplei

theearthquakehappened.

答案:immediately4.Hewitnessedavolcanic

(爆發(fā)).

答案:eruptionⅠⅡⅢ5.Wehaddinneratapizzaplacethathadbeendestroyedbythe

(颶風).

答案:hurricane6.Theministermadethe

(通告)atanewsconference.

答案:announcement7.Heattheglass

(管子)tothepointthatitcanbend.

答案:tube8.Hereyouaretencopiesofthenewspaper,

(外加)threedictionaries.

答案:plusⅠⅡⅢ翻譯句子1.雖然廣告有很大的幫助,但我認為我們