上外全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程講義-book4-unit2

./Unit2"Future",isapuzzlingwordforallthepeopleinthisworld,includingthescientistsandthecommon.Whatwilltheworldbelikeinfivehundredyear’stime?Athousandyears’time?Ormore?Somepeoplearepessimistic,andfearthatthingscanonlygetworebecausepeoplemaybeslavesofthedevelopedscienceandtechnology.Othersareoptimistic,lookingforwardtoabetterworldandahappylifewiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.InthisUnit,wearegiventwotextsabout"smartcars",akindofintelligentproductsthatbringsomuchconveniencetopeopleinthefuture.Thenlet’scometoUnit2andlearnsomethingabout"smartcars"inabout7classes..ObjectivesinUnit2:⒈wordsandphrases:alertapplicationcapabilityconvertcorrelatedecrease<increase>drasticallyeliminateexpansionprototypemanufacturingintheairtakecontrolofget/bestuckinturn<sth.>into/becomearealityappropriateimplementoutlinepermanenttherebyatthestartofbymeansofincooperationwith⒉structure:doubleprepositionsV.+it+adj.+todo"P.P"<presentorpast>isusedasadjectivetomodifynoun.⒊learnsometechniquesinexpositorywriting<definition,quote,amixtureoffactsandopinions,etc.>4.writing:howtowritearesume<needexplainingindetail>forhomeworktointroducenextunit.Forthefirstperiod:<1st,2ndclass>havearevisionofUnit1andcometoUnit2<wordsandphrases>TextASmartCarsⅠSOMEQUESTIONSforgroupdiscussion:<30minutes>Whatwilltheworldbelikeinthefuture?<worseorbetter>Whataspectdoyouthinkintheworldwillchangemost?Worse:destroyedbythepeoplethemselves,war,dependexcessivelyonadvancedscienceandtechnologytobecomelazy,indifferent,lacklovebetweenpeopleandpeople,theJudgeDay.Better:makegooduseofscienceandtechnologytoimprovetheworld,aworldgarden,asocietylikeCommunistSociety,happylife,shareAspect:people’slife,<wayofthinking,custom>Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,whatwillhappentocars?Whatcanbecalled"smartcars"?—Inthefilm"007",a"smartcar"isdescribed.ItwasatransportationforBondandthenamewas"thevanish".Itwasacarof"adoptedcamouflage.Tinycamerasonallsides…projecttheimagetheyseeontoalight-emitting…polymerskinontheoppositeside.Forthecasualeyes,it’sasgoodasinvisible.Plusalltheusualrefinements,ejectorseat…"Wouldyouliketodriveasmartcar?Whyorwhynot?Like—convenient,comfortable,avehicleavoidingtrafficaccidents,safe,withmanyfunctionsthatwecanimagineDonotlike—cannotenjoythepleasureofdrivingacar,toocomplex④Freewriting:<Finishitintenminutes>*Youmaybeginwiththesentences:A.IfIcouldaffordacar,Iwillbuyonewithouthesitationbecause…….B.EvenifIcouldaffordacar,Imaynotactuallywanttodriveonebecause…...*StateyourviewpointstotheotherstudentsinyourgroupⅡBackgroundinformation<IntroductionofCars>:<10minutes>Theinventionofcars─Thefirstself-propelledcarwasbuiltbyNicolasCugnotin1769whichcouldattainspeedsofupto6kms/hour.In1771heagaindesignedanothersteam-drivenenginewhichransofastthatitrammedintoawall,recordingtheworldsfirstaccident.Somefamousbrandsofcars─GeneralMotorsFordMotorCompany<FordLincolnMercuryMazdaVolvoJaguarLandRoverAstonMartin>DaimlerChrysler〔戴姆勒-克萊斯勒<DaimlerChryslers’passengercarbrandsincludeMaybach,Mercedes-Benz,Chrysler,Jeep?,Dodgeandsmart.CommercialvehiclebrandsincludeMercedes-Benz,Freightliner,Sterling,Western,StarandSetra>Toyota<Toyotaisaworldfamousbrandofcars.ThecompanyisinJapan>Mercedes-Benz<Thisbrandhasstoodformorethan100years.ItisaGermancompany.>Fromthequestionswediscussedintheabove,wecangetageneralimpressiononthefutureworldandthesmartcarsinthefuture.Smartcarsthatcansee,hear,feel,smell,talk,anddriveontheirown…allthatsoundslikeadreammaybebecomearealitywiththehelpofcomputerrevolutionandwiththeappearanceofsmartcars,themodernscienceandtechnologywillbringsomeeffectsonmaninthefuturepossibly.Thereby,let’slookatthefirsttext"SmartCars".ⅢTEXTORGANIZATION:<15minutes>Partoneparas1—3Newtechnologywillhaveadramaticimpactoncarsandhighwaysinthe21stcentury.Parttwoparas4—9Withtheaidofadvancedtechnology,smartcarswillbedesignedthattheycanhelpeliminatetrafficaccidents,determinetheirownpreciselocationsandwarnoftrafficjams.Smartcarsaresuperiortotheordinarycarsinmanyways:<letthestudentsfindanswersinthispart>Smartcarscansee,hear,feel,smell,talk,andact.Theycaneliminatemostcaraccidents.Theycanalertthepoliceandprovidepreciselocationifstolen.Theycanmonitorone’sdrivingandthedrivingconditionsnearby.Theycanalertthedriverwhofeelsdrowsy.Theycanlocateyourcarpreciselyandwarnoftrafficjams.Partthreeparas10—13GPSand"telematics"willmakeitpossibletobuildsmarthighways,whichwillbenefitusinmorethanoneway.ⅣKEYPOINTSinthetext:<30minutes>Partone⒈questions:—Whataretheeffectsofthecomputerrevolution?Itbringsthedevelopmentofautomobileindustryandtheappearanceofthesmartcarsbecomepossible.⒉languagepoints:①turninto/becomeareality─Herdreamsofbeingacollegestudenthasturnedintoareality.②para1phrase"remainunchanged"保持一種狀態(tài)Keepwarmremainuntouchedremainsilentpara2rankas:put…inaclass被列為…TheyallagreetorankAddisonasagreatessayist.…asamong…<doublepreposition.Exercise1forstructure>para3key<to>:sth.thatprovidesananswer<toaproblemoramystery>GeneralMotorsCorporation通用汽車公司ITSprogram:智能運輸系統(tǒng)IntelligentTransportationSystemprogramITSimprovestransportationsafetyandmobilityandenhancesproductivitythroughtheuseofadvancedcommunicationstechnologies.Intelligenttransportationsystems<ITS>encompassabroadrangeofwirelessandwirelinecommunications-basedinformationandelectronicstechnologies.

Whenintegratedintothetransportationsystem'sinfrastructure,andinvehiclesthemselves,thesetechnologiesrelievecongestion,improvesafetyandenhanceAmericanproductivity.

Homework:①reviewthekeypointswehaveleanedinthepartone.②previewthefollowingtext,findthedifficultsentences,trytomemorizethewordsandexpressionsinthevocabulary.Forthesecondperiod:<3rd,4thclass>Parttwo⒈questions:①─Inwhataspectsarethesmartcarssuperiortotheordinarycars?<textorganization2>②─Whatnewtechnologyhavealreadybeenadoptedindevelopingthecars?─Wehavehadthecarsthatcanmonitorone’sdrivingandthedrivingconditionsnearby;Wehavehadthecarsthatcandeterminehowsleepyyouareasyoudrive;andinJapancarswithnavigationalcapabilityhavebeenbuilt.⒉languagepoints:para4①don’tbothertodo:taketrouble麻煩 Don’tbothertogetdinnerformetoday;I’lleatatarestaurantintown.②via<prep.>通過bywayofintheair:uncertain—Myplanarestillquiteintheair.Thereisapeculiarsmellintheair.Para5①scanfor②Shouldyoumakeaseriousmistake,…<subjunctivemood>Ifyoushouldmakeaseriousmistake,…Para6①MIT:麻省理工學(xué)院MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,oneoftheworld’sleadingresearchuniversities,inCambridge,Massachusetts.In1865,theschoolwasopenedinBostonbygeologistWilliamBartonRogerswhobecameitsfirstpresident.ThroughoutitshistoryMIThasheldaworldwidereputationforteachingandreach.②underestimated/overestimatedPara7question:whatarethetwoofthemostfrustratingthingsaboutdrivingacar?Andhowtoovercomeit?<>tunetoTheymakeitpossibletodetermineyourlocation…V.+it+adj.+todoExercise2forstructurePara8convert<to>─changefromoneformorusetoanother<followedbyinto/to>Thesignalwillbeconvertedintodigitalcode.Para9correlate─haveamutualrelationshiporconnection,inwhichonethingaffectsordependsonanother<followedbywith/to>Amotherssmokinginpregnancycorrelateswithlowbirthweightinherbaby.Partthree:⒈questions:HowtouseGPSand"telematics"inautomobileindustryinthefuture?Whatarethebenefits?—BlindindividualscoulduseGPS…thelistofpotentialusesisendless;putthesmartcarsonsmarthighways—Thiscouldprovetobeanenvironmentalboonaswell,savingfuel,reducingtrafficjams,decreasingairpollution,asservingasanalternativetohighwayexpansion.⒉languagepoints:①bepoisedtodo:<bereadytodo>Theautomobilecompanyispoisedtolaunchitsnewadvertisingcampaign.②…asthepriceofmicrochipsdropstobelowapennyapiece…doublepreposition<exerciseonpage52>③GPS:全球性定位系統(tǒng)TheGlobalPositioningSystem<GPS>isasatellite-basednavigationsystemmadeupofanetworkof24satellitesplacedintoorbitbytheU.S.DepartmentofDefense.GPSwasoriginallyintendedformilitaryapplications,butinthe1980s,thegovernmentmadethesystemavailableforcivilianuse.GPSworksinanyweatherconditions,anywhereintheworld,24hoursaday.TherearenosubscriptionfeesorsetupchargestouseGPS.Homework:①reviewthewholetext,especiallythekeypoints.Learntoanalysisandtranslatesomelongsentencesifnecessary.②finishtheexercises.Forthethirdperiod:<5thclass>HaveadictationandexplaintherestexercisesoftextA,especiallythewords,phrasesandtranslation,helpthestudentsmemorizeallthelanguagepoints.Dictation:turnitintorealityautomobileindustrymanufacturingindustrystartuptheenginealertthepolicegetstuckintrafficaprecisefrequencydecreasingairpollutionhighwayexpansionsendputaradiosignalapplicationapproximatelyeliminatelucrativeconvert______changedtheworldduringthe20thcentury,_______intheUnitedStatesandotherindustrializednations.Theyareindeedofgreatusetous,buttheyhavebroughtsome______aswell,suchasnoiseandair______,andhighway______.Itisreportedthatautomobileaccidents_____amongtheleadingcausesofdeathorinjurythroughouttheworld.Fortunatelymoderninnovatorsarereinventingtheautomobile.Newpropulsionsystems,fuels,designs,andmeansof______carshavealldevelopedrapidlyinthepastdecade.Forexample,byusingthe_____-aidedglobalpositioningsystem<GPS>,acomputerintheautomobilecan_____thevehicle’spreciseposition,andwiththeapplicationofsensors,smartcarscan_____mostcarsaccidents.<Automobiles,particularly,hazards,pollution,fatalities,rank,manufacturing,satellite,locate,eliminate>Explaintheexercisestogether,especiallyvocabulary,structure,cloze.<6thclass>cometotextBTextBIntelligentvehiclesObjectives:Thistextisusedasafastreadingtopracticestudent’sabilityforreadingcomprehension.Trytograspthenewwordsandphraselistedinthebox.learntocomprehendthesentencesandtranslatethemintoChinese.Stepone:givestudents15minutestoreadthetextandatthesametimefinishthefollowingquestions<forfirstsevenN,YandNG,thenextthreebriefanswers>Weonlyeliminatethemorethattenpercentofthetrafficcrashesthatarecausedbyhumanerrorsbydrivingtheintelligentcar.<N>Wecaninferthattheauthorbelievesthathumandriverscannottravelclosebehindothervehicles.<Y>TheauthormentionstheFuturamaasanexampletoexplainafailedattemptatautomation.<N>Visualsystemsforobservingtheroadarebetterthanmagneticsystemsbecausetheydonotneedspecialequipmentburiedintheroad.<Y>Forobservingothervehicles,lasersystemsarepreferredintheUSA.<NG>Onboardcomputersarebetterthanroadsidecomputersforsettinglanespeed.<N>Theauthor’attitudetowardsthefuturedevelopmentofautomatictransportsystemispositive.<Y>Thedistancesandclosingratestoprecedingvehiclescanbemeasuredbya_____ora_________.Radar,laserrangefinderThe_______ofthesedrivermusclefunctionsareelectromechanicaldevicesinstalledintheautomatedvehicle.EquivalentsTheluxuryofbeingchauffeuredtoyourdestinationmightbeenjoyedbyall,notjustthe__________.WealthiestindividualsSteptwo:TextOrganization─Partone<1—2>thebenefittobegainedfromtheintelligentvehicles─eliminatethetrafficcrashes,reduceantisocialdrivingbehavior,theentirepopulationcanenjoyit,reducethepollutionandfuelconsumptionParttwo<3—15>thewayintelligentcarsworkandtheremainingchangesastotheirapplication.itisarealisticprospecttohaveintelligentcarsinthenearfuture.itispossibletodetermineaccuratelyavehicle’spositionandorientationrelativetothelane’scenter.Thedistancesandclosingratestoprecedingvehiclescanbemeasuredbyaradaroralaserrangefinder.theelectromechanicaldevicescontrolthecarcompletely.Computersinthevehiclesandthoseattheroadsidedecidewhenandwheretochangethecourse.Thereremainsanumberofdifficultiestobeovercome,technicalonesespecially.Partthree<16>thepromisingfutureofintelligentcars.Homework：previewthetext；readthetextindetailFortheforthperiod:Stepthree:keypoints─outline/deadline/headline/online/underlineimplication─n.implicationforsb./sth.Thenewreporthasfar-reachingimplicationsforthefutureofbroadcasting.這一新報告對廣播業(yè)的前途有些意味深長的暗示。V.implyHissilenceimpliedagreement.3.feasible:possibleItisnotfeasibletofollowyourproposals.feasibilityWeshoulddoafeasibilitystudybeforeadoptingthenewproposals.4.incooperationwith:ThisreportisproducedbytheGovernmentincooperationwiththechemicalindustry.V.cooperateadj.cooperative5.diverse:ondifferentkinds,variedpeoplefromdiverseculturesV.diversifydiversifyone’sskillsn.diversityawidediversityofopinions6.permanent:lasting/everlasting/durable/enduringimpermanent/temporary7.appropriate:adj.~for/tosth.Hisformalstyleofspeakingwasappropriatetotheoccasion.Youwillbeinformedofthedetailsattheappropriatetime.takesth.forone’sownuse,withoutothers’permission挪用,竊用Hewasaccusedofappropriatingclubfunds.8.means:way,methodAllpossiblemeanshavebeentried.Bymeansof─lifttheloadbymeansofcraneByallmeans─yes,ofcourse,certainlyBynomeans─notatallSheisbynomeanspoor.9.perceive:becomeawareof,notice,observeThepatientwasperceivedtohavedifficultyinstandingandwalking.~sth.assth.Iperceivedhiscommentasachallenge.我認為他的批評是對我的激勵。Somesentencesthatneedspayingattention:①Thesearevulnerabletoweatherproblemsandprovidelessaccuratemeasurement,buttheydonotrequirespecialroadwayinstallations,otherthanwell-maintainedlanemarkings."bevulnerableto"易受影響的,"otherthan"除了,Heneverspeakstomeotherthantoaskforsomething.這類系統(tǒng)易受氣候變化的影響,提供的信息將不夠準確,但它們不需要特別的道路設(shè)置,只需將路面標(biāo)志維護好就行了。②However,itshouldnottakelongforthecoststobecomeaffordabletoawiderangeofvehicleownersandoperators,especiallywithmanyoftheenablingtechnologiesalreadybeingcommercializedforvolumeproductiontoday."ittakessometimeforsb.todosth."句型affordable:sth.thatcanbeabletoafford然而,不用多久,其成本就能為廣大車輛擁有者和駕駛者所接受,尤其是目前不少可以應(yīng)用的技術(shù)已經(jīng)走向市場,開始了批量生產(chǎn)。③Thelargestimpedimenttointrodu