大學(xué)英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試語(yǔ)法總結(jié)課件

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試語(yǔ)法總結(jié)12019-2-20語(yǔ)法考題的涉及面寬近年考題出現(xiàn)頻率最高的：幾乎所有詞類，三種動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式，名詞從句，形容詞從句，副詞從句，獨(dú)立主格，主謂一致，倒裝，強(qiáng)調(diào)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣等基本語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。22023/12/4語(yǔ)法考試的重點(diǎn)突出語(yǔ)法考試的重點(diǎn)為內(nèi)容龐雜較難掌握的項(xiàng)目，這些項(xiàng)目有時(shí)還會(huì)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)如：虛擬語(yǔ)氣，狀語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句，獨(dú)立主格，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。32023/12/41.虛擬語(yǔ)氣4.時(shí)態(tài)14.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換2.定語(yǔ)從句3.狀語(yǔ)從句11.倒裝句12.強(qiáng)調(diào)句8.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)6.分詞作狀語(yǔ)7.分詞作定語(yǔ)10.同位語(yǔ)9.先行詞it

15.詞組5.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)13.動(dòng)詞+-ing/-todo42023/12/4虛擬語(yǔ)氣概念：虛擬語(yǔ)氣用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望或假想，所說(shuō)的是一個(gè)條件，不一定是事實(shí)，或與事實(shí)相反?？键c(diǎn)：1.由if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句

If從句主句表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)

過(guò)去式did(*be動(dòng)詞用were)should/woulddo

*表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的假設(shè)had

doneshould/would/might/couldhave

done52023/12/4注意點(diǎn)：條件從句中省略if采用倒裝語(yǔ)序的情況在if引導(dǎo)的表示虛擬的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，有時(shí)可以把含有助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、be或have的虛擬條件句中的連詞if省去，而將had，should，were等詞提到主語(yǔ)之前，即用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。62023/12/4練習(xí)題：1.Ifhehadtaken

thelawyer’sadvice,he(save)__________himselfagreatdealoftrouble.2.Hemighthavebeenkilledinthatcaraccidentyesterdayifhe(take)__________partinthatactivitywiththeteam.72023/12/43.__________lastFriday,hewouldhavegottoParis.A.WouldheleaveB.HadheleftC.IfheistoleaveD.Ifhewasleaving4.IfI(be)______you,Iwouldnotmissthejobinterviewtomorrowmorning.82023/12/4考點(diǎn)：2.在表示命令、決定、建議等詞語(yǔ)之后的that-分句中,分句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”或直接用動(dòng)詞原型。（1）用在demand,insist（堅(jiān)持）,order,propose,recommend,request,require,suggest等動(dòng)詞之后的that-分句中。Be-型虛擬語(yǔ)氣92023/12/4（2）用在advisable（可取的、明智的）,desirable（稱心合意的）,essential（必要的、必不可少的）,important,impossible,necessary,proper等形容詞后的that-分句中。（3）用在decision,demand,order,requirement（需要）等名詞后的that-分句中。102023/12/4練習(xí)題：1.Therepresentativeofthecompanydemandedthatpartoftheagreement______revised.A.willbeB.isC.tobeD.be2.ItissuggestedthatthepresidentoftheUnion(make)______aspeechonbehalfofalltheworkers.3.Itisimportantthathe(be)_______calledbackimmediately.112023/12/4考點(diǎn)：3.“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)態(tài)”的不同用法（1）*shouldhavedone

表示“應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事（但是沒(méi)有做）”

shouldn’thavedonesth

表示“本不應(yīng)該做某事（而做了）”（2）musthavedone

對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，表示“一定做了某事”。否定形式是“couldn’thavedone”（3)needn’thavedonesth

表示“本沒(méi)必要做某事（卻做了）”（4)wouldliketohavedonesth

表示“本打算做某事（卻沒(méi)做）”122023/12/41.ThisATMhasbeenoutofserviceforafewdays.Itshould__________lastweek.A.fixB.befixedC.havefixedD.havebeenfixed2.Jackmust__________(go)away---wecannotfindhimanywhereinthefactory.練習(xí)題：132023/12/43．Tom______thepartyasnoonesawhimthereyesterdaymorning.A.cannotattendB.mustn’tattendC.won’thaveattendedD.couldn’thaveattended表示“嚴(yán)禁”142023/12/4考點(diǎn)：4、其他特殊句式（1）在Itis(about/high)time+that定語(yǔ)從句中需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示“該做……的時(shí)候了”，其動(dòng)詞形式用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或should+動(dòng)詞原形。練習(xí)題：Ithinkitishightimewe_______(take)strictmeasurestostoppollution.152023/12/4（2）wish,wouldrather(sooner)后的賓語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

動(dòng)詞形式用法a.過(guò)去式(did)表示當(dāng)時(shí)未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望b.過(guò)去完成時(shí)(haddone)表示過(guò)去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望c.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(woulddo)表示將來(lái)不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望162023/12/4一、形容詞性從句概要定義：形容詞性從句一般稱為定語(yǔ)從句，在句子中起定語(yǔ)作用，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，有時(shí)可修飾一個(gè)句子。結(jié)構(gòu)：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句必須放在先行詞的后面，由關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)。先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語(yǔ)從句形容詞性從句

定語(yǔ)從句172023/12/41.Hereisaboy,andhedamagedthevase.Hereistheboy(whodamagedthevase).先行詞關(guān)系代詞（作主語(yǔ)）

2.Mycousinisanengineer,andhewenttoEuropelastweek.

Mycousin,whoisanengineer,wenttoEuropelastweek.先行詞關(guān)系代詞（作主語(yǔ)）182023/12/4二、定語(yǔ)從句的分類限制性關(guān)系分句非限制性關(guān)系分句1限制性關(guān)系分句和它的先行項(xiàng)的所指意義有著不可分割的聯(lián)系，缺少了它，作為先行項(xiàng)的名詞（詞組）便不能明確表示其所指對(duì)象。非限制性關(guān)系分句和它的先行項(xiàng)之間只有比較松散的聯(lián)系，因此，如果省略一個(gè)非限制性關(guān)系分句，并不影響先行項(xiàng)的所指意義。2在口語(yǔ)中前后沒(méi)有停頓，在書(shū)寫(xiě)中通常不用逗號(hào)。在口語(yǔ)中有停頓，在書(shū)寫(xiě)中常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。

3Hereistheboywhodamagedthevase.Mycousin,whoisanengineer,wenttoEuropelastweek.192023/12/4限制性關(guān)系分句非限制性關(guān)系分句指人指物指人指物作主語(yǔ)whothatwhichthatwho/whom/whosewhich作賓語(yǔ)whom/who/that/zerowhich/that/zero作介詞補(bǔ)足成分whomwhich定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞的選擇

成分關(guān)系代詞202023/12/4定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞的選擇

1.when表示時(shí)間2.where表示地點(diǎn)3.why表示原因它們?cè)诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中都充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)成分。212023/12/41.Theadvertisingcompanyrecentlyhiredadesigner____hadoncewonaprizeinanationalcontest.A.whoseB.whichC.whomD.who2.Itisimportanttoprovideanenvironment______peopleareencouragedtomakesuggestionsatalllevelsofthecompany.A.fromwhichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.forwhich練習(xí)題：222023/12/43.OncemoreIhavetoleaveBeijing,____Ihavebeenlivingforeightyears.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.as4.Thereisnoevidence____oilpricewillcomedowninthenearfuture.（同位語(yǔ)）A.whichB.thatC.whereD.as232023/12/45.Itwasnotsuchagoodjob____shehadreadaboutintheadvertisement.A.likeB.whichC.asD.what242023/12/4狀語(yǔ)從句1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)…時(shí)候when,while,as在…之前before在…之后after一…就…assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant直到直到…才until/tillnot…until/till詞例含義252023/12/41.Thenewstaffdidn’tknowhowtousethesystem______Iexplainedittohimyesterday.A.untilB.becauseC.ifD.since2.Theyhadtalkedonlyforafewminutes______theyfoundtheywereofdifferentopinions.A.unlessB.whileC.beforeD.once3.IwillaskMr.Smithtoringyouup_______hecomesbacktotheoffice.A.whenB.whereC.becauseD.although262023/12/44.Theywillnotstarttheprojectuntiltheboardchairman______backfromSouthAfrica.A.willcomeB.iscomingC.cameD.comes272023/12/4類別詞例2條件狀語(yǔ)從句if如果unless除非，若不3原因狀語(yǔ)從句because因?yàn)閟ince既然4讓步狀語(yǔ)從句though/although雖然evenif/though即使5結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句so+a./ad.+that如此…以至于6目的狀語(yǔ)從句sothat

inorderthatincase以免、以防萬(wàn)一lest免得目的是…282023/12/45.Hewasattendingameeting,______hewouldhavecometoyourpartyyesterday.A.unlessB.whenC.butD.or6.Shedidnotgotothepartylastnight,______shehadtofinishhertermpaper.A.ifB.thoughC.tillD.because7.Young______heis,hehasprovedtobeanablesalesman.A.thatB.whoC.asD.whichas構(gòu)成的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：名詞詞組/形容詞+as+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)盡管他是個(gè)孩子，他對(duì)軟件編程卻知道很多。Childasheis,heknowsmuchaboutsoftwareprogramming.292023/12/4一般時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在writewritesamisarehashavehashave過(guò)去wrotewaswere

hadwritten

hadbeenwriting將來(lái)shallwillshallwillshallwillshallwill過(guò)去將來(lái)shouldwouldshouldwouldshouldwouldshouldwouldwritingwrittenbeenwritingwritingwritebewritinghavewritten

havebeenwriting

writebewritinghavewritten

havebeenwriting

302023/12/4

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)has/havedone用法已完成未完成動(dòng)作或過(guò)程發(fā)生在說(shuō)話之前某個(gè)沒(méi)有明確說(shuō)出的過(guò)去時(shí)間，現(xiàn)在已完成并和現(xiàn)在情況聯(lián)系。是指動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能繼續(xù)下去.例句e.g.He’sturnedoffthelight.e.g.He’slivedheresince1960.注釋燈在一個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)間被關(guān)掉，說(shuō)話時(shí)仍然關(guān)著。他從1960年來(lái)到這里居住，至今還住在這里。312023/12/4過(guò)去完成時(shí)把時(shí)間推移到過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前，與現(xiàn)在時(shí)間不發(fā)生聯(lián)系---表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去。e.g.ShetoldmehernameafterIhadasked(ask)hertwice.過(guò)去完成時(shí)haddone現(xiàn)在她告訴我她的名字我問(wèn)她的名字dodidhaddone322023/12/4

現(xiàn)在完成（進(jìn)行）時(shí)經(jīng)常與since-詞組或since-分句連用，表示“自某時(shí)以來(lái)”一直進(jìn)行或者未進(jìn)行某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。主句（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)/現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)），since-從句（一般過(guò)去時(shí)）

e.g.Ihavelivedinthedormitory,sinceIarrivedhere.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)自從我來(lái)這兒，就住在學(xué)生公寓。Since-結(jié)構(gòu)332023/12/4bytheendofbythetime

BytheendofBythetime到……時(shí)候?yàn)橹贡硎緦?lái)時(shí)間的詞組或分句，主句時(shí)態(tài)（will

have

done)1.Bytheendofnextmonth,we(find)_______agoodsolutiontothetechnicalproblem.2.Bythetimeyoucometoseemenextmonth,I______mytermpaper.A.havecompletedB.completeC.amcompletingD.willhavecompleted342023/12/4Itis/willbe+thefirsttimethat–分句

（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）e.g.Isthisthefirsttimeyou’vecometoChina?Itwasthefirsttimethat–分句（過(guò)去完成體）e.g.ItwasthesecondtimeIhadbeen(be)abroad.“Itisthefirsttime+that–分句”中的使用Back這是你第一次來(lái)中國(guó)嗎？這是我第二次出國(guó)．352023/12/4１．不定式作狀語(yǔ)*（１）表示目的e.g.Wewillgototheclinictomorrowtobeexaminedbythedoctor.

（２）表示結(jié)果e.g.Hehurriedhomeonlytofindthathisgrandfatherwasdead.（３）表示原因e.g.Hewasluckytohavefoundthelostchild.分詞作狀語(yǔ)362023/12/4２．-ing分詞作狀語(yǔ)（１）作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)e.g.（Whenwewere)Climbingtothetopofthetower,wesawamagnificentview.（２）*作原因狀語(yǔ)e.g.Havingworkedhardallday,Iwasreadyforbed.（３）*作伴隨狀語(yǔ)e.g.Heranuptoher,breathingheavily.表示主動(dòng)372023/12/4３．-ed分詞作狀語(yǔ)(1)*作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)e.g.(Whenitis)Heated,themetalexpands.(2)*作原因狀語(yǔ)e.g.(Becausehewas)Deeplymoved,hethankedheragainandagain.表示被動(dòng)382023/12/41.Theautoindustryspendslargeamountsofmoneyonmarketingcampaigns_______youngadultcustomers.A.attractB.attractedC.toattractD.attracts2.______bythefailureoftheproject,themanagercouldhardlysayaword.A.TobeshockedB.ShockedC.BeshockedD.Shocking練習(xí)題：392023/12/43.______thatIwasnotgoingtogetmuchchanceforpromotion,Isoonbecameboredwithmywork.A.Torealize

B.RealizingC.BeingrealizedD.Realized4.______upattheclockonthewall,thesecretaryfounditwasalreadymidnight.A.LookingB.LookC.TolookD.Looked402023/12/45.______tofindtheproperjob,hedecidedtogiveupjob-huntinginthiscity.A.FailedB.BeingfailedC.Tofail

D.Havingfailed6.Theresearchgrouphassubmittedareport,(suggest)______reformstobemade.7.When(ask)______abouttheadvertisingcampaignofthenewproduct,themanagersaiditwasagreatsuccess.412023/12/4分詞作定語(yǔ)-ing（現(xiàn)在）分詞和-ed（過(guò)去）分詞作定語(yǔ)的主要差別在于：1.現(xiàn)在分詞表示“主動(dòng)（現(xiàn)在分詞修飾的是發(fā)出該動(dòng)作的名詞，即與名詞有主謂關(guān)系)和進(jìn)行”。e.g.Therearealotoffanshopingforaglimpseofthemoviestars.422023/12/42.過(guò)去分詞表示“被動(dòng)(過(guò)去分詞修飾的是承受該動(dòng)作的名詞,即與名詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系）和完成（不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞不表示被動(dòng)，只表示完成）“。e.g.Computersimportedfromabroadareusuallymoreexpensive.e.g.Alostopportunityneverreturns.注：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)分詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之前，分詞短語(yǔ)一般置于所修飾的中心詞后面.432023/12/4不定式作定語(yǔ)442023/12/41.Thefirsttextbook______forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.Writing

B.writtenC.towriteD.tobewritten2.Theconference_______inBeijingnextweekisboundtobeagreatsuccess.A.holdingB.beingheldC.tohold

D.tobeheld練習(xí)題：452023/12/43.Withthehelpofthepolice,thewomanfinallyfoundher(lose)______childafterasleeplessnight.4.Itwasinhischildhoodthathereadmostofthebooks(write)_______byMarkTwain.5.Thetallbuilding(complete)_______lastmonthisournewclassroombuilding.462023/12/4形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的規(guī)則變化kindkinderkindestclearclearerclearestcomplicatedmorecomplicatedmostcomplicatedclevercleverermoreclevercleverestmostcleverhappyhappierhappiestnarrownarrowernarrowestfastfasterfastestclearlymoreclearlymostclearlywiselymorewiselymostwisely472023/12/4bad/badlyworseworstgood/wellbetterbestoldolder/elderoldest/eldestfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestmuch/manymoremostlittlelessleast形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的不規(guī)則變化482023/12/41.Successfulcompaniesconcentrate(much)______onsellingtheirproductstotheirexistingcustomersthantotheirnewones.2.Theguestpaid(little)______moneythanheshouldfortheroom.3.Thepriceofpetrolismuch(high)______nowthanitwasthistimelastyear.

填空題：492023/12/4先行詞it

it充當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)，后面的真正主語(yǔ)或真正賓語(yǔ)通常是不定式結(jié)構(gòu)、-ing分詞或名詞性分句。形式主語(yǔ)1.______isreportedinthenewspapersthatthetalksbetweenthetwocompanieshavenotmadeanyprogress.A.ThatB.WhatC.ItD.As502023/12/4練習(xí)題：3.Theyregard_____astheirdutytoprovidethebestservicefortheircustomers.A.thisB.whatC.itD.that形式賓語(yǔ)2.Itismygreathonor______togiveaspeechattheopeningceremony.A.toinviteB.invitingC.havinginvitedD.tobeinvited512023/12/44.Idonotthinkitnecessary(discuss)______thematterwithhimbeforetheproblemissettled.522023/12/4同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句通常用that引導(dǎo)，且that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，是對(duì)名詞的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明.

可用同位語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞有：news,fact,idea,promise,question,doubt,hope,evidence,suggestion,thought,message等。532023/12/41.Themessage______Mr.Blackwaselectedchairmanofthecommitteearrivedjustintime.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how2.Newscamefromthesalesmanager______thenewproducthadbeensellingwellinthelocalmarketforthreemonths.A.whoseB.whatC.whichD.that練習(xí)題：542023/12/4倒裝（Inversion）

概念例句部分倒裝操作詞（即助動(dòng)詞e.g.have/has/had,

did/do/does等）置于主語(yǔ)之前。我認(rèn)為這幾乎是不可能的。Ihardlythoughtitpossible.HardlydidIthinkitpossible.全部倒裝是指主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的位置完全顛倒，即整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)置于主語(yǔ)之前。Underthetreeweresittingagroupofchildren.552023/12/4

I.部分倒裝(PartialInversion)(1)當(dāng)句首為否定詞或帶有否定意義的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般引起部分倒裝e.g.few,little,never,hardly,rarely,scarcely,seldom,nosooner…than…,Hardly…when…,notonly…butalso…,*notuntil…,bynomeans等.應(yīng)用：562023/12/41.Littletheyrealizedthattheyhadmadeagreatdiscoveryinchemistry.2.Rarelywehaveseenapersonwithsuchbadtemper.Little

didtheyrealizethattheyhadmadeagreatdiscoveryinchemistry.Rarely

haveweseenapersonwithsuchbadtemper.改錯(cuò)題：572023/12/4(2)句首狀語(yǔ)若由“only+副詞”、“only+介詞詞組”?！皁nly+狀語(yǔ)分句”構(gòu)成，也引起部分倒裝。只有當(dāng)你親自去做的時(shí)候，才能明白這項(xiàng)工作是多么艱苦。

Onlywhenyoudoityourselfcanyouunderstandhowhardtheworkis.翻譯題：582023/12/4（3).“So+副詞…that…（部分倒裝）”“So+形容詞…that…（全部倒裝）”選擇題：So______aftershelearnedthegoodnewsthatshecouldhardlyfallasleepthatnight.A.excitedthemotherwasB.wasthemotherexcitedC.themotherwasexcitedD.excitedwasthemother592023/12/4Theworkmenfinishedtheirworksoquicklythattheyweregivenabonus.Soquicklydidtheworkmenfinishtheirworkthattheyweregivenabonus.句型轉(zhuǎn)換：602023/12/4句型結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis(was)+強(qiáng)調(diào)成分(除謂語(yǔ)成分）+that(who)+句子（原句中的剩余部分）.

當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分指“人”時(shí)，that可換作who。句子的開(kāi)頭用itis還是itwas，通常取決于其后從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)還是過(guò)去時(shí)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句:612023/12/4她建議我們?nèi)D書(shū)館。是她建議我去圖書(shū)館。Shesuggestedwegotothelibrary.Itwasshethat/whosuggestedwegotothelibrary.

1.強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)622023/12/4我們的英語(yǔ)老師送給我一本字典。我們的英語(yǔ)老師送給我的是這本字典。

OurEnglishgavemeadictionary.ItwasthisdictionarythatourEnglishgaveme.2.強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)632023/12/4我上周接到通知。我是在上周接到通知的。Igotthenoticelastweek.ItwaslastweekthatIgotthenotice.3.強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)642023/12/4Itwasnotuntiltheaccidenthappened____.A.whenIrealizedmycarelessnessB.thatIrealizedmycarelessnessC.asIrealizedmycarelessnessD.whenmycarelessnesshasbeenrealized選擇題：652023/12/4Youworkedveryhardyesterday.Youdidworkveryhardyesterday.662023/12/4動(dòng)詞+-ing/-todo

1.*只能帶-ing分詞的動(dòng)詞這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：avoid,admit,can’thelp,consider,dislike,don’tmind,imagine,include,(enjoy,finish,giveup).2.只能帶不定式的動(dòng)詞這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：agree,choose,decide,demand,determine,expect,prepare,promise,refuse.672023/12/43.既能直接帶-ing又能帶-todo的動(dòng)詞（1）意義無(wú)甚區(qū)別這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：attempt,begin,continue,hate,intend,like,love,plan,prefer,require,start.682023/12/4(2)意義有區(qū)別表一：remembertodosth記得去做某事rememberdoingsth記得曾經(jīng)做過(guò)的事forgettodosth忘記去做某事forgetdoingsth忘記曾經(jīng)做過(guò)的事regrettodosth對(duì)即將要做的事情感到遺憾regretdoingsth后悔曾經(jīng)做過(guò)的事情692023/12/4stoptodosth停下來(lái)做另外一件事情stopdoingsth停止做某事goontodosth繼續(xù)做另外一件事情goondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事表二：702023/12/4meantodosth表示“打算”meandoingsth表示“意味著”trytodosth表示“努力、設(shè)法”trydoingsth表示“試著”表三：712023/12/41.Mr.Smithconsidered(sell)______hiscarandhishousebeforemovingtoBeijing.2.Iwonderedwhytheboyoftenavoided______(talk)withhisclassmates.3.Idon’tmind(have)______adoginthehousesolongit’scleananditdoesn’tsmell.練習(xí)題：722023/12/44.Theystopped(search)______forthemissingplaneastheweatherwasveryrough.5.Idonotregret_______herwhatIthoughtaboutherproposal,evenifitupsether.A.tellB.totellC.toldD.telling732023/12/4(1)動(dòng)詞---名詞

-mentinvest---investment-encediffer---difference-tionsolve---solution-siondecide---decision-ioncreate---creation(2)形容詞---名詞–nesshappy---happinesslarge---largeness詞型轉(zhuǎn)換742023/12/4(3)名詞---形容詞

-fulsuccess-successful;-alnation-national(4)形容詞---副詞

-lyeffective---effectivelycalm---calmly(5)名詞---動(dòng)詞

belief---believe752023/12/4Exercise:*“冠詞+(形容詞)+名詞”、“形容詞+名詞（不可數(shù)/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)）”I.動(dòng)詞--->名詞

1.Iamsurethesecretarywhohasjustbeenhiredwillprovetobeanefficient(employ)2.IcannotgoshoppingwithyoubecauseIhavean(appoint)

withmydentistthisafternoon.II.形容詞--->名詞3.Theyfullyrecognizedtheenormous(strong)andinfluenceoftheunion.762023/12/4III.名詞--->名詞4.Mysisterhasrecentlygotajobasa(reception)inahotel.IV.名詞--->形容詞5.Followingthe(success)settlementofthestrike,thetrainserviceisnowbacktonormal.6.Theorganizationstarteda(nation)campaignagainstcigarettesmokinginpublicplaces.772023/12/4*系動(dòng)詞后需要形容詞7.Itis(reason)forparentstopayfortheirchildren’seducation.V.形容詞--->動(dòng)詞8.Weshouldreadmoreandseemoreinorderto(wide)

ourhorizons.782023/12/4*副詞是用來(lái)修飾形容詞、動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子的。

9.TheydecidednottovisittheGreatWallbecauseitwasraining(heavy).10.Applicationforthistrainingcourseshouldbesent(direct)totheadmissionoffice.11.Thelittlegirlgavean(extreme)wonderfulperformancelastnight.792023/12/41.beworthdoing值得做…2.lookforwardtodoingsth期盼做…3.besurprisedat驚訝于…4.toone’ssurprise讓某人驚奇的是…5.behappywithsth對(duì)…感到滿意6.insistondoingsth堅(jiān)持做…802023/12/47.Beyondone’sability超出某人的能力范圍8.Spend(時(shí)間）indoingsth花費(fèi)時(shí)間做…9.Keepone’seyesfixedonsth一直盯著…看10.succeedindoingsth成功做成…11.cannot/couldn’tdoanythingbutdo…“不能做…只能做…”12.wouldratherdosth.thandosth.“情愿做…而不愿做另外一件事情”812023/12/4Thequestionis________meandIhavenoideaofit.

A)beyond

B)over

C)beside

D)above822023/12/4【答案】A【譯文】我不懂這個(gè)問(wèn)題，一點(diǎn)兒也不知道。【考點(diǎn)】固定搭配【解析】“beyondsb．”意為“為某人所不能理解，超出某人的能力范圍”，其他詞均無(wú)此搭配，故選A。832023/12/4Theoutputofourcompanythismonthis_______thatoflastmonth.

A)twiceasmuchas

B)twiceasmuch

C)twicemanyas

D)twiceasmanyas842023/12/4【答案】A【譯文】我們工廠這月的產(chǎn)量是上月的兩倍?！究键c(diǎn)】倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法【解析】倍數(shù)+asmuch/manyas，用much還是many由主語(yǔ)的形式?jīng)Q定。852023/12/4HardlyhadIgothome________thetelephonerang.

A)then

B)when

C)as

D)than862023/12/4【答案】B【譯文】我一到家電話鈴就響了?！究键c(diǎn)】固定搭配【解析】hardly...when是固定關(guān)聯(lián)詞組，意為“一…就…”，類似的詞組還有“scarcely…when…”，“nosooner…than…”等。872023/12/4Bythetimeyougetback,I________allthework.

A)wouldfinish

B)willhavefinished

C)hasfinished

D)hadfinished882023/12/4【答案】B【譯文】到你回來(lái)的時(shí)候，我將已完成所有的工作?！究键c(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)【解析】by引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)通常和完成時(shí)態(tài)連用。“bythetimeyougetback”表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間，因此主句應(yīng)用將來(lái)完成時(shí)態(tài)，故選B。892023/12/4It'srequiredthatthestudents________thetermpapertomorrow.

A)finished

B)finish

C)willfinish

D)mayfinish902023/12/4【答案】B【譯文】要求學(xué)生們明天完成學(xué)期論文。

【考點(diǎn)】虛擬語(yǔ)氣【解析】本題考查的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣在主語(yǔ)從句中的用法。其結(jié)構(gòu)為it+形容詞或過(guò)去分詞+主語(yǔ)從句，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should+動(dòng)詞原形”(should可以省略)。類似的詞有“essential，urgent，natural，important，desirable，necessary，ordered”等。912023/12/4______thefinalexaminationisover,wecangooutsideforapicnic.

A)Eventhough

B)Nowthat

C)For

D)With922023/12/4【答案】B【譯文】既然期末考試已經(jīng)結(jié)束，那么我們可以外出野餐了?！究键c(diǎn)】狀語(yǔ)從句【解析】eventhough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表“似乎，好像”；nowthat引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，表“既然”。932023/12/4

Tomwastheonlyoneofthestudentswho________namedOutstandingStudent.

A)is

B)are

C)was

D)were942023/12/4【答案】C【譯文】湯姆是這些學(xué)生中唯一一名被授予優(yōu)秀學(xué)生稱號(hào)的人?！究键c(diǎn)】主謂一致【解析】theonlyoneof+名詞，后面的定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，但oneof+名詞后面的定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，又因題中主句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故此題選C。

952023/12/4Thereissomethingwrongwithmycar.Itwilltakemeonehourtohaveit______.

A)fix

B)fixing

C)tofix

D)fixed962023/12/4【答集】D

【譯文】我的車(chē)出問(wèn)題了，得花費(fèi)我一小時(shí)時(shí)間找人修理。

【考點(diǎn)】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

【解析】本題考查的是使役動(dòng)詞have后接過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)的用法。此類動(dòng)詞還有：keep．find，leave，make，get等。972023/12/4Seldom________hiswifepunishesherchildrenforspeakingouttheirownideasfreely.

A)Isaw

B)Ihaveseen

C)haveIseen

D)doIsee982023/12/4【答案】C

【譯文】我很少看到他妻子因?yàn)楹⒆幼杂傻卣f(shuō)出自己的想法而懲罰孩子。

【考點(diǎn)】倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)及時(shí)態(tài)

【解析】具有否定意義或否定形式的詞或詞組位于句首時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。其他具有否定意義的詞還有：never，little，scarcely，hardly，notonly等。另外，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。992023/12/4It'shightimethegovernment_________somemeasurestoraisepeople'sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.

A)willtake

B)take

C)took

D)takes1002023/12/4【答案】C

【譯文】現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候政府采取措施提高人們的環(huán)保意識(shí)了。

【考點(diǎn)】虛擬語(yǔ)氣

【解析】當(dāng)It’s(high/about)time…后接從句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)，意為“早該干某事而現(xiàn)在做已經(jīng)有些晚了”。1012023/12/4We‘llneverforget______inNewYorklastyear.

A)ustomeetafewfriends

B)ourmeetingafewfriends

C)afewfriendstomeet

D)afewfriendsmeeting1022023/12/4【答案】B

【譯文】我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記去年那次在紐約與幾個(gè)朋友的會(huì)面?！究键c(diǎn)】固定用法

【解析】forget后面既可以接不定式，即forgettodosth，意為“忘記要做某事”；又可以接動(dòng)名詞，即forgetdoingsth，意為“忘記做過(guò)某事”。根據(jù)句意，故選B。1032023/12/4Isthereanyhopeof______thegoldmedal?

A)Johntowin

B)Johnwin

C)winningJohn

D)John'swinning1042023/12/4【答案】D

【譯文】約翰有希望贏得金牌嗎?【考點(diǎn)】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞【解析】如果動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者不是句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，則需要有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，其形式為：物主代詞+動(dòng)名詞；名詞或人稱代詞賓格+動(dòng)名詞；名詞’s+動(dòng)名詞。根據(jù)題意，故選D。1052023/12/4

ThereisamanatthereceptiondeskwhoseemsveryangryandIthinkhemeans_______trouble.

A)making

B)tomake

C)tohavemade

D)havingmade1062023/12/4答案】B

【譯文】接待處有個(gè)男人看起來(lái)非常生氣，我想他要找麻煩?！究键c(diǎn)】固定用法

【解析】meantodo意為“打算做某事”；meandoing意為“意味著…”。根據(jù)句意，故選B。1072023/12/4_______hersurprise,MissWangfoundnobodyintheclassroom.

A)At

B)To

C)For

D)With1082023/12/4【答案】B

【譯文】令王老師驚訝的是，她發(fā)現(xiàn)教室里一個(gè)人也沒(méi)有?！究键c(diǎn)】固定搭配

【解析】toone'ssurprise為固定搭配，意為“令某人驚訝的是”。故選B。1092023/12/4Andersonisoneofthose_______appearfriendlybutinfactarehardtodealwith.

A)who

B)they

C)that

D)which1102023/12/4【答案】A

【譯文】安得森是外表和藹而實(shí)際上卻很難相處的人中的一個(gè)。【考點(diǎn)】定語(yǔ)從句

【解新】這里需要一個(gè)表示人的關(guān)系代詞，四個(gè)詞中，只有who最合適。故選A。1112023/12/4Iwishthey_______intheirballgame.

A)willbesucceeded

B)succeeded

C)wouldbesuccessful

D)weresuccess1122023/12/4【答案】B

【譯文】我希望他們?cè)谇蛸愔腥〉贸晒Α！究键c(diǎn)】虛擬語(yǔ)氣【解析】wish后面的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，這里是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以從句要用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，故選B。1132023/12/4

Itisdifficultforhertomakethefinaldecisionnow,_______sheisinadelicatesituation.

A)if

B)unless

C)until

D)since1142023/12/4【答案】D

【譯文】因?yàn)樗幘澄⒚睿袁F(xiàn)在很難作最后的決定。【考點(diǎn)】狀語(yǔ)從句

【解析】四個(gè)詞中，只有since可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“由于，因?yàn)椤钡囊馑?，故選D。1152023/12/4InoldChinawomenused_______.

A)tolookdown

B)tolookdownupon

C)tobelookeddown

D)tobelookeddownupon1162023/12/4答案】D

【譯文】在舊中國(guó)婦女常常被人瞧不起。

【考點(diǎn)】被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

【解析】usedtodosth表示“過(guò)去常常做某事”，而根據(jù)句意可知，women與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，lookdownupon表示“瞧不起”，這里應(yīng)該用它的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選D。1172023/12/4Isupposeyouknoweverythingaboutthatevent,________?

A)don'tyou

B)doI

C)doyou

D)don'tI1182023/12/4【答案】A

【譯文】我想你了解事件的一切，是嗎?

【考點(diǎn)】反意疑問(wèn)句

【解析】當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)是think，believe，expect，suppose，imagine等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分應(yīng)與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句。所以應(yīng)忽略主句Isuppose，根據(jù)從句來(lái)選擇。從句是肯定句，主語(yǔ)是you，故選A。1192023/12/4Wemustfindawaytocutprices________reducingourprofitstoomuch.

A)without

B)despite

C)with

D)forA1202023/12/4

Shedidn’tknow________toexpressherideasinEnglishclearlyinpublic.

A)which

B)why

C)what

D)how

D

1212023/12/4________theweatherimproves,wewillsufferahugelossinthetouristindustry.

A)As

B)Since

C)While

D)UnlessD1222023/12/4Wearehappyatthegoodnews________Mr.BlackhasbeenawardedtheBestManager.

A)that

B)which

C)what

D)whetherA1232023/12/4Itisimportantthatwe________thetaskaheadoftime.

A)willfish

B)finished

C)finish

D)shallfinishC1242023/12/4

________inthecompanyforthreeyears,Markhasbecomeexperiencedinbusinessnegotiations.

A)Havingworked

B)Havebeenworking

C)Haveworked

D)WorkedA1252023/12/4Wouldyoupleasepassmethebook________coverisblack?

A)which

B)whose

C)that

D)itsB1262023/12/4Notuntilshearrivedatthemeetingroom________shehadforgottentobringthedocument.

A)sherealized

B)didsherealize

C)shedidrealize

D)doessherealizeB1272023/12/4Johnhadneverbeenabroadbefore,________hefoundthebusinesstripveryexciting.

A)because

B)though

C)so

D)whileC1282023/12/4________somestudentsareabletofindemploymentaftergraduation,otherswillhavetoreturntoschoolandearnanadvanceddegree.

A)Since

B)While

C)Because

D)IfB1292023/12/4BytheendofthisyearMr.Smith________inourcompanyforexactlythreeyears.

A)isworking

B)hasworked

C)willwork

D)willhaveworkedD1302023/12/4

IthinkthattheGreatWallisworth____________hundredsofmilestovisit.

A)totravel

B)traveling

C)traveled

D)travelB1312023/12/4Thenewstaffdidn’tknowhowtousethesystem_________Iexplainedittohimyesterday.

A)until

B)because

C)if

D)sinceA1322023/12/4_____________isreportedinthenewspapersthatthetalksbetweenthetwocompanieshavenotmadeanyprogress.

A)That

B)What

C)It

D)AsC1332023/12/4Enclosedyou________anapplicationformthatyouareaskedtofillout.

A)willfind

B)find

C)found

D)arefindingA1342023/12/4_________，Gloriastartedlookingforwork.

A)Allthemoneybeingspent

B)Allthemoneyhavingbeenspent

C)Allthemoneyspend

D)SpendingallthemoneyB1352023/12/4【譯文】錢(qián)全部花光之后，格洛麗婭開(kāi)始找工作。

【考點(diǎn)】獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

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