2021年中考英語(yǔ)(全國(guó)通用)3

沖刺2021年中考英語(yǔ)題型預(yù)測(cè)與滿分挑戰(zhàn)專練07

序號(hào)題型主題語(yǔ)境話題

1閱讀理解人與社會(huì)音樂對(duì)工作效率的影響

2閱讀理解人與自我如何合理地控制打噴嚏或咳嗽對(duì)他人的影響

3閱讀理解人與自我養(yǎng)成獨(dú)立思考的重要性

4完型填空人與自我熱帶雨林旅游的經(jīng)歷

5書面表達(dá)人與社會(huì)如何確保游泳時(shí)的安全

一、閱讀理解

?

Musicplaysanimportantroleinlife.Somepeoplemightliketolistentomusicwhilestudying.Whatkindof

musicisyourfavorite?Whatkindofmusiccouldbehelpful?AnexperimentdonewithBritishworkersfoundthat

listeningtoclassicalmusicatworkcanimproveone'sefficiency（效率）by15percent.

Aprevioussurveyof2,000Britishworkersfoundthathalfofthemusuallylistentomusiconthejob.Someof

theirbossesencouragethemtodoso,whileothersareagainstit,believingithurtsworkperformance.British

psychologist（心理家）BeckySpelmandidanexperimenttofindoutifbackgroundmusichurtsorimproves

efficiency.

Intheexperiment,fourofficeworkerswereaskedtocopytwo600-wordsetsofsonglyrics.Thegroup

workedonthefirstsetwithnomusicplayingandworkedonthesecondsetwithclassicalmusicplayinginthe

background.

Ittookthemanaverage（平均）timeof20minutesand59secondstofinishthefirstset.Theaveragetimefor

thesecondsetwas17minutesand42seconds.Thedifferencewasthreeminutesand17seconds,or15percent.

Classicalmusiccanworkasakindofwhitenoise,accordingtoSpelman.Whitenoiseisamixtureofsounds

withdifferentfrequencies（頻率）.Itcanhelppeoplestayfocused（精力集中的）.

Infact,aslongasthemusichasaregularbeat,itcanhelpusslowourheartrateandstaycalm.Thismakesit

easierforustofocusonwhatwe*redoing,Spelmansaid.

1.HowmanyBritishworkersinthesurveylikelisteningtomusiconthejob?

A.59.B.2000.C.1000.D.600.

2.WhatdidBeckySpelman'sexperimentfindout?

A.Popmusicismorehelpfulthanclassicalmusic.

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B.Classicalmusiccouldimproveefficiencyonthejob.

C.Backgroundmusichasnoeffectontheworkingteam.

D.Thereisnodifferencebetweentwoteamsintheexperiment.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofmusiccanhelppeoplestaycalm?

A.Themusicwhichhasaregularbeat.B.Themusicwhichisloudandnoisy.

C.Themusicwhichhasthesamebeat.D.Themusicwhichischeerfulandsoulful.

4.Whatistheoveralltoneofthispassage?

A.Upsetandpersonal.B.Personalandscientific.

C.Informativebutsilly.D.Scientificandinformative.

【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.D

【解析】音樂在生活中扮演著重要的角色。英國(guó)心理學(xué)家BeckySpelman做了一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，證明工作時(shí)聽音樂

可以提高工作效率。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Aprevioussurveyof2,000Britishworkersfoundthathalfofthemusuallylistentomusic

onthejob”可知，有2000名英國(guó)工人參加了調(diào)查，其中一半的人，也就是1000人經(jīng)常在工作中聽音樂，故

選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，聽音樂小組完成工作用了17分42秒，沒聽音樂小組完成工作用了

20分鐘59秒，聽音樂小組效率比不聽音樂的小組高，這就是BeckySpelman的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，故選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Infact,aslongasthemusichasaregularbeat,itcanhelpusslowourheartrateandstay

calm.”可知，有規(guī)律節(jié)拍的音樂能幫助人們保持冷靜，故選A。

4.推理判斷題。本文給出了實(shí)驗(yàn)證明過(guò)程來(lái)說(shuō)明，工作時(shí)聽音樂可以提高工作效率。所以全文是充滿科學(xué)

性和信息性的，故選D。

Whenyoufeelasneezeorcoughcomingon,coveringyourmouthpreventsthespreadofgerms（細(xì)菌）.You

probablyknewthat.Buthowtocoveryourmouthisveryimportant.Youmightusetissues（紙巾），andputyour

usedtissuesintothebin."Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourelbow,notyourhandevenifyou

areusedtodoingthat."Thedoctorsadvised."Ifsomebodysneezesintohishands,thosegermswillbepassedonto

otherpeople,orotherobjectsthatpeopletouch,"saidDr.Hill.

Germsaremostcommonlyspreadbysneezingandcoughing.Whentheylandonyourhands,theyarepassed

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fromhandstothingslikemoney,doorknobs（扶手），elevatorbuttons（電梯按鈕）andothersurfaces.Atthesame

time,thepeoplearoundyoucantouchthem.

Thisisn'tnagging（嘮叨），theCentersforDiseaseControlalsosuggestthatsneezingandcoughingintoyour

elbowisnecessary.EventheNewYorkCitysubwayofficersaskthepassengersto"coughorsneezeintoelbowor

useatissue".

"Thesuggestionwastakenseriouslyabout10yearsago.However,mostpeopledidn'tpaymuchattentiontoit.

Thatmeanstheadultsmayhavemissedtheadvice.Butchildrenareoftentaughtinschooltherightwaytocoughor

sneeze.nDr.Benjaminsaid.

Tobeclear,peoplecan'tkeepawayfromalltherisksinthisway,butit'sthebestchoice.Atthesametime,

we'dbetterwearmasks（口罩）andoftenwashourhands.nHandwashingisoneofthemostimportantthingspeople

candotokeephealthy."Dr.Hillsaid.

5.Accordingtothispassage,whensneezingorcoughing,you'dbetternot.

A.sneezeintoyourelbowB.coveryourmouthwithtissues

C.useyourhandtocovermouthD.puttheusedtissuesinthebin

6.Ifyousneezeorcoughintohands,germscanspreadthroughthefollowingactivitiesEXCEPT.

A.pushtheelevatorbuttonsB.shakehandswitheachother

C.touchdoorknobsD.washourhands

7.Accordingtothepassage,thewrongstatementisthat.

A.theNewYorkCitysubwayofficersaskpassengerstouseatissue

B.theadultmaybeusedtosneezingintotheirelbows

C.thechildrenareoftentaughtinschooltherightwaytocoughorsneeze

D.wearingmasksisagoodwaytokeepawayfromgerms

8.Themainpurposeofthearticleis.

A.totellusthecorrectwaytocovermouthwhensneezingorcoughing

B.totellushowtopreventthespreadofgerms

C.totellusit'snecessarytosneezeorcoughintoelbow

D.totellushowtokeepawayfromallrisks

9.Inwhichlayout（版面）ofthenewspapercanwefindthiskindofpassage?

A.Health.B.Sports.C.Business.D.Education.

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【答案】5.C6.D7.B8.B9.A

【解析】本文介紹了打噴嚏或咳嗽時(shí)捂嘴的正確方式——用紙巾或?qū)χ种?，這樣才能防止細(xì)菌的傳播，

同時(shí)最好戴口罩和勤洗手，這樣才能保持健康。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourelbow,notyourhandevenifyouare

usedtodoingthat,可知，當(dāng)打噴嚏或咳嗽時(shí)，不要用手捂住嘴巴，故選C。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whentheylandonyourhands,theyarepassedfromhandstothingslikemoney,doorknobs

（扶手）,elevatorbuttons（電梯按鈕）andothersurfaces,可知，當(dāng)細(xì)菌落在手上時(shí)，它們會(huì)通過(guò)錢、扶手、電

梯按鈕或其他物體表面?zhèn)鞑ソo其他人，結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)“洗我們的手”不包含在內(nèi)，故選D。

7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)However,mostpeopledidn'tpaymuchattentiontoit.Thatmeanstheadultsmayhave

missedtheadvice,可知，成年人并沒有習(xí)慣朝著手肘打噴嚏，所以B選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的，故選B。

8.主旨大意題。根據(jù)Whenyoufeelasneezeorcoughcomingon,coveringyourmouthpreventsthespreadof

germs（細(xì)菌）….notyourhandevenifyouareusedtodoingthat,可知，本文的目的是告訴我們?nèi)绾晤A(yù)防細(xì)菌的

傳播,故選Be

9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Whenyoufeelasneezeorcoughcomingon,coveringyourmouthpreventsthespreadof

germs（細(xì)菌）….notyourhandevenifyouareusedtodoingthat,可知，本文的目的是告訴我們?nèi)绾晤A(yù)防細(xì)菌的

傳播，這是與人的健康有關(guān)，所以我們會(huì)在健康版面的報(bào)紙上看到此文章，故選A。

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“Let'sbrainstormtogether!”Youmightoftenhearyourteachersaskyoutohaveagroupdiscussiontosolvea

problem.Butisbrainstormingreallyagoodwaytodealwithproblems,especiallycreativeones?

DutchcompanyWeTransferconducted（進(jìn)行）asurveyof20,000peoplefrom197countriesandregions.Most

oftheparticipantshavecreativejobs.Theyarewriters,musicians,photographers,andpodcasters（播客博主）.The

surveyresultssuggestedthatbrainstormingislargelyunhelpfulforsolvingacreativechallenge.

“Itseemsthatwhileworkingtogetherisimportanttobringanideatolife,it'snotthatgoodforshapingideas

inthefirstplace,“saidRobAlderson,WeTransfer^formereditorinchief.

Ifwegivepeopleenoughtimeandspacetothinkproperly,theywillcomeupwithbetterideas,Alderson

added.EvenAlexOsborn,thefatherofbrainstorming,seesspendingtimealonetothinkaspartofhisowncreative

process.

However,mostcompaniesfailtogivetheiremployeesachancetoprepareandformtheirthoughts.Theyoften

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havemanymeetingsscheduled,whichisakillerofcreativity,accordingtothesurvey.Morethan40percentof

participantsseemeetingsasabarrier（障礙）togoodthinking.

Spendingtimealonetothinkwillhelpyoucomeupwithyourownideasanddevelopindependentthinking.

Thisisimportantwhenyou'remakingdecisions.Nearly80percentofparticipantsinWeTransfer^surveysaythey

trusttheirowninstincts（直覺）andresearchwhentheyconsideranidea.

10.Whatwastheresultofthesurvey?

A.Peoplewastetoomuchtimebrainstorming.

B.Brainstormingdestroyspeople'screativity.

C.Brainstormingisneededtosolvecreativeproblems.

D.Brainstonningisn'tgoodfbrsolvingcreativechallenges.

11.RobAldersonprobablyagreesthat.

A.spendingtimealoneisgoodforshapingideas

B.workingtogetherisimportantforshapingideas

C.everyonehashisorherownwaytoshapeideas

D.manypeopledon'thaveenoughtimetothemselves

12.FromParagraph5,wecanlearnthat.

A.mostcompaniesdon'tliketheiremployeestothinkcreatively

B.mostemployeeshavenorighttospeakout

C.meetingsareseenasabarriertocreativity

D.mostpeoplehatemeetings

13.Accordingtothestory,.

A.wecanonlybecreativebybeingalone

B.weshouldn'tworktogetherononetask

C.weshouldn'tholdmeetings

D.thinkingalonecanhelpusbecreative

【答案】10.D11.A12.C13.D

【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文認(rèn)為頭腦風(fēng)暴不?定是很好的解決問(wèn)題的方法，花時(shí)間獨(dú)自思考，養(yǎng)成

獨(dú)立思考的能力也很重要。

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10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的"Thesurveyresultssuggestedthatbrainstormingislargelyunhelpfulfor

solvingacreativechallenge”可知，調(diào)查結(jié)果表示頭腦風(fēng)暴對(duì)于解決創(chuàng)造性的問(wèn)題不是一個(gè)好的方法，故選D。

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“EvenAlexOsborn,thefatherofbrainstorming,seesspendingtimealone

tothinkaspartofhisowncreativeprocess"uj知，AlexOsborn可能認(rèn)同的觀點(diǎn)是：獨(dú)立思考有利于形成觀點(diǎn)，

故選Ao

12.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第五段中的"Morethan40percentofparticipantsseemeetingsasabarrier（障礙）to

goodthinking”可知，很多人認(rèn)為會(huì)議是良好思考的阻礙，故選C。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Spendingtimealonetothinkwillhelpyoucomeupwithyourown

ideasanddevelopindependentthinking”可知，獨(dú)立思考能夠幫助我們形成創(chuàng)造性的想法，故選D。

二、完型填空

LastsummerwewentonanexcitingtriptoSarawakinMalaysia,apartoftheislandofBorneo（婆羅洲）.

Borneoisfamousforitsrainforest,which14,500squarekilometersoftheisland.Thisrainforestis130

millionyearsold,makingitoneofthe15rainforestsintheworld.

WhenwewereinSarawak,wewereluckyenoughtogohiking16thejungle.Inthejunglewecame

acrossmanywild17Ourfavoriteanimalswereorangutans（猩猩）.Wewatchedthemswing18treeto

tree.Thegracefulandgentleanimalsmadeusfeelevencloserto19

The20toldusmanystoriesoffantasticspittingcobras（碎毒眼鏡蛇）.Hesaidthattheyweremore

21ofusthanwewereofthem!AnotherinterestingfeatureofSarawakisthattherearemanytribes（部落）,

whichstill22intherainforesttoday,wevisitedoneofthesetribes,peopletheretoldusabouttheirlong

history.Wewerereally23intheirstoriesandtraditions.Besides,wealsoenjoyedtheir24suchas

pansoh,whichwaschickencookedinbamboo.

InSarawak,therearealsoriversandmanydifferentbirds25wedidn'thavetimetovisitTurtleIsland.

It'sawonderfulplace26youcanswiminwiththeturtles.

Thisholidayhasbeenalife-changing27thatwewillneverforget.

14.A.standsB.comesC.coversD.turns

15.A.largestB.oldestC.longestD.biggest

16.A.toB.onC.throughD.above

17.A.plantsB.animalsC.flowersD.insects

18.A.fromB.betweenC.underD.in

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19.A.treesB.lifeC.natureD.people

20.A.teacherB.driverC.guideD.girl

21.A.fond（喜歡的）B.tiredC.scaredD.worried

22.A.liveB.workC.studyD.lives

23.A.IfB.WhyC.WhenD.Whether

24.A.boredB.surprisedC.interestedD.interesting

25.A.foodB.clothesC.housesD.fruit.

26.A.LuckilyB.SadlyC.HappilyD.Sad

27.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.inthat

28.A.storyB.placeC.experienceD.visiting

【答案】14.C15.B16.C17.B18.A19.C20.C21.C22.A23.C24.C25.A26.B27.B28.C

【解析】試題分析：本文講述了一次去馬來(lái)西亞婆羅洲的旅行。那里最著名的是它的雨林，我們有機(jī)會(huì)在

雨林中穿行，遇見了許多動(dòng)物，我最喜歡的是大猩猩。我們還聽人介紹了關(guān)于眼鏡蛇的知識(shí)。還參觀了住

在那里的三個(gè)部落，聽他們介紹他們的悠久歷史和傳統(tǒng)。這是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。

14.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：婆羅洲因它的南林而著名，這片雨林覆蓋了這個(gè)島427500平方千米。

A.stands.站立，位于：B.comes來(lái)，開始，出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生；C.covers覆蓋，代替；D.turns轉(zhuǎn)向，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，變

化。由該空后面的面積單位可知，這里介紹這片雨林的面積，故選C。

15.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：這片雨林有1.3億年的歷史了，這使它成為世界上最古老的雨林之一。

A.largest最大的；B.oldest最老的；C.longest最長(zhǎng)的；D.biggest最大的。前文說(shuō)的是這片雨林的年齡，

故選B。

16.考查介詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：當(dāng)我們?cè)赟arawak時(shí)，我們很幸運(yùn)能夠在從林中穿行。A.to至心向，

表示方向；B.on關(guān)于，在...之上，在....時(shí)候；C.through通過(guò)，穿過(guò)，憑借：D.above超過(guò)，在....

之上。因?yàn)槭窃趨擦种型讲?，所以?yīng)該是穿過(guò)，故選C。

17.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：在叢林里我們能經(jīng)過(guò)很多野生動(dòng)物。A.plants植物B.animals動(dòng)物；

C.flowers花；D.insects昆蟲。后文接著提到我最喜歡的動(dòng)物是猩猩，由此推斷這里應(yīng)該說(shuō)的是動(dòng)物。故選

Bo

18.考查介詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。我們看著它們?cè)跇渑c樹之間跳躍。A.from從，來(lái)自；B.between在……之間；

C.under低于，少于，在……之下；D.in在……里面。本句是說(shuō)猩猩在樹和樹之間來(lái)回跳躍，從……到……

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用介詞from。

19.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：那些優(yōu)雅溫順的動(dòng)物讓我們覺得和大自然更近了。A.trees樹；B.life生

活；C.nature自然：D.people人們。由語(yǔ)境可知，作者在從林里和動(dòng)物們親近，一定是覺得和大自然更近

了，故選C。

20.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。導(dǎo)游告訴我們?cè)S多關(guān)于眸毒眼鏡蛇的故事。A.teacher老師；B.driver司機(jī)；

C.guide導(dǎo)游；D.girl女孩。因?yàn)槲覀兪窃诼糜?，所以告訴我們這些的只能是導(dǎo)游才符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。

21.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：她說(shuō)比起我們害怕它們，它們更害怕我們。A.fond（喜歡的）B.tired

厭倦；C.scared害怕；D.worried擔(dān)心。這里是在說(shuō)蛇，通常講到蛇都是我們比較害怕的動(dòng)物，故選C。

22.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：Sarawak另一個(gè)有趣的特色是這里有許多的部落，至今仍住在雨林里。

A.live居?。籅.work工作；C.study學(xué)習(xí)；D.lives居?。ǖ谌朔Q單數(shù)）。部落當(dāng)然是住在雨林里，復(fù)數(shù)

形式，故選Ao

23.考查引導(dǎo)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：當(dāng)我們拜訪其中一個(gè)部落時(shí)，那里的人們給我們講述了他們悠久的歷

史。A.If如果，是否，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。B.Why為什么，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句；C.When當(dāng)……時(shí)，引

導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；D.Whether是否，不論；引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。由句意可知，這里是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故選

Co

24.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：我們對(duì)他們的故事和傳統(tǒng)實(shí)在很感興趣。A.bored厭煩的；B.surprised

驚訝的；C.interested感興趣的；D.interesting有趣的。interestedin固定搭配，對(duì)...感興趣。故選C。

25.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：我們也很喜歡他們的食物，像是潘森，一種用竹子做的雞。A.food食

物；B.clothes衣服;C.houses房子;D.fruit.水果。因?yàn)楹笪慕榻B的雞是-一種食物,故選A。

26.考查副詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：難過(guò)的是，我們沒有時(shí)間去參觀龜島。A.Luckily幸運(yùn)地；B.Sadly難

過(guò)地；C.H叩pily開心地；D.Sad難過(guò)的。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)知，這里需要填一個(gè)副詞，由語(yǔ)境判斷應(yīng)該是難過(guò)地,

故選B。

27.考查引導(dǎo)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：這是一個(gè)很奇妙的地方，在那里你可以和海龜一起游泳。這里是一個(gè)

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，用which來(lái)引導(dǎo)。

28.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：這個(gè)假期已經(jīng)成為我終生難忘的改變?nèi)松慕?jīng)歷。A.story故事：B.place

地方：C.experience經(jīng)歷；D.visiting訪問(wèn)，參觀。由語(yǔ)境可知，這個(gè)假期我有了終身難忘的經(jīng)歷，故選C.

三、書面表達(dá)

暑假即將來(lái)臨，許多學(xué)生喜歡去河里、湖泊和游泳池游泳。但是一旦發(fā)生溺亡事故，將會(huì)讓父母悲痛

欲絕。為預(yù)防游泳溺水事故的發(fā)生，你們學(xué)校將舉行以“珍愛生命，預(yù)防溺水