高三英語復(fù)習(xí)知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)5篇分享

高三英語復(fù)習(xí)知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)5篇篇一：高中英語必背知識點(diǎn)歸納1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與助動(dòng)詞1、can能，可以，表說話人同意，許可還可表客觀條件許可，如:Youcangonow.提建議或請求時(shí)可用canI,canyou表客氣，如CanIbuyyouadrink?can和beableto表能力時(shí)的區(qū)別。can表一般具有的能力，beableto表在特定條件下的能力，如:Althoughthedriverwasbadlyhurt,hewasabletoexplainwhathadhappened.2、may(1)可以，表說話人同意，許可或請求對方許可。Youmaygo.(2)(現(xiàn)在和將來)可能，也許，只用于肯定句和否定句中，如Hemaynotberight.3、must,havetomust表主觀上的必須，haveto表客觀上的必須，如:It'sgettinglate.Ihavetogo.-MustIgonow.-Yes,youmust.(No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.)4、need,dare這二詞有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞兩種詞性，如用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞不定式todo，如用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞原形。NeedIgonow?--Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't.)5、shall用于第一人稱疑問句中表說話人征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埱?，如，Shallwebeginourlesson?用于二、三人稱陳述句，表說話人命令、警告、允諾、威脅等口吻，如:Youshallfailifyoudon'tworkharder.6、should表應(yīng)該，意為有責(zé)任，有義務(wù)。如:Weshouldtryourbesttomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.7、will表有做某事的意志、意愿、安心、打算，如"Willyoulendmeyourbook?""Yes,Iwill."8、shouldhavedone表應(yīng)該做而未做musthavedone表對過去事實(shí)的肯定推測couldhavedone表本可以做某事9、判斷句：肯定句用must,否定句用can't,不太肯定用may,mightHemustbeintheofficenow.Hemusthavegonetobed,forthelightisout.Hecan'tbeintheoffice.Heisathome.Hecouldn'thavecleanedtheclassroom,becausehedidn'tcomeheretoday.Hemightbeintheoffice,Iamnotsure.Hemighthavecleanedtheroom,Isuppose.2讓步狀語從句1、though,although,as的區(qū)別A、Though,although的主句中可以用yet,still,nevertheless,但不可使用but。B、though引導(dǎo)的從句可以倒裝，也可以不倒裝;as引導(dǎo)的從句必須倒裝;although引導(dǎo)的從句不能倒裝。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：形容詞/分詞/副詞/動(dòng)詞原形/名詞(無冠詞)+as/though+主語+謂語……2、though可用作副詞，放在句末，意為“不過，但是”。Although無此用法。3、某些短語也引導(dǎo)讓步的從句或短語，意為“盡管”，如：inspiteofthefactthat,despitethefactthat,regardlessof(thefactthat)句子種類1、陳述句的否定(1)在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是think,expect,believe,suppose,guess,fancy,imagine等，且主句主語是第一人稱時(shí)，賓語從句謂語的否定習(xí)慣上要移到主句謂語上，如:Idon'tthinkheisright.(2)含有否定意義的副詞never,seldom,hardly,scarcely,rarely,barely的句子應(yīng)視為否定句，如:Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.2、反意疑問句(1)need和dare既可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，又可作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，在反問部分須加以區(qū)別，如Weneedn'tleave,needwe?Wedon'tneedtoleave,dowe?(2)陳述部分出現(xiàn)否定意義的副詞或代詞如never,seldom,few,hardly,little等時(shí)，反問部分須用肯定形式，如：Heseldomcomes,doeshe?(3)陳述部分用不定代詞作主語時(shí)，反問部分的主語用it，如：Nothingcanstopme,canit?陳述部分用everybody,everyone,somebody,someone，等作主語時(shí)，反問部分常用it，有時(shí)也用they，如:Everybodyknowsthat,don'tthey?(4)陳述部分包括usedto時(shí)，反問部分可有兩種形式，如:Youusedtogetupearly,usedn't(didn't)you?(5)陳述部分是"there+be"結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，反問部分用there，如:There'ssomethingwrongwithyou,isn'tthere?(6)陳述部分是含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句時(shí)，反問部分的主語和謂語應(yīng)和主句保持一致，如:Henevertoldotherswhathethought,didhe?但，如果是Ithink,Ibelieve等+賓語從句時(shí)，反問部分須和從句的動(dòng)詞保持一致，如，Idon'tthinkheisright,ishe?Idon'tbelievehedoesthat,doeshe?3、感嘆句用what或how,Whatabeautifulparkitis.Howbeautifulaparkitis.Howbeautifultheparkis.Howweworked!4、祈使句Takecare!Don'tstandthere.Pleaseopenthedoorfortheoldlady.3不定式的構(gòu)成1、不定式的一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作通常與主要謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，或是在它之后發(fā)生。如：Theyinvitedustogotherethissummer.他們邀請我們今年夏天去那兒。Hestoodasideformetopass.他站到一邊讓我通過。2、不定式的完成式：不定式的完成式所表示的動(dòng)作在謂語所表示的動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生，它在句中可作表語、狀語、賓語，有時(shí)也可作主語、定語等。如：Sheseemedtohaveheardaboutthismatter.她似乎已聽說過這件事。Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.我很抱歉讓你等了這么久。Imeanttohavetoldyouaboutit,butIhappenedtohaveanimportantthingtodo.我本來想告訴你這件事的，但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。Ithasbeenanhonorformetohavetraveledsomuchinyourcountry.對我來說，在你們國家旅行這么多地方是一件很榮幸的事情。3、不定式的進(jìn)行式：不定式的進(jìn)行式表示正在進(jìn)行的與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。它在句中可以用作除謂語以外的所有成分。如：It’sniceofyoutobehelpingusthesedays.你真好，這些天一直幫我們。Hepretendedtobelisteningtotheteachercarefully.他假裝在認(rèn)真地聽老師講課。Wedidn’texpectyoutobewaitingforushere.我們沒料到你一直在這兒等我們。4、不定式的完成進(jìn)行式：如果不定式表示的.動(dòng)作是謂語所表示5、動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是由not或never加不定式構(gòu)成。如：Trynottobelateagainnexttime.盡量下次不要再遲到。Hewishedusnevertomeetheragain.他希望我們永遠(yuǎn)不要再見到她。6、疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式：不定式和疑問詞whether,what,which,whom,where,when,how,why等連用可以在句中起名詞的作用，通常跟在tell,know,show,decide,learn,wonder,explain,advise,teach,discuss,findout等動(dòng)詞后面作賓語，有時(shí)也可以充當(dāng)主語、表語等。如：Onhearingthenews,hedidn'tknowwhethertolaughortocry.聽到這個(gè)消息，他不知道該哭還是該笑。Whentoholdthemeetinghasnotdecided.什么時(shí)候開會還沒有決定。Themostimportantproblemishowtogetsomuchmoney.最重要的事情是如何搞到這么多錢。介詞后一般不直接接不定式，但可以接疑問詞+不定式短語作賓語。如：MarygavesomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.瑪麗提了一些如何學(xué)習(xí)英語的建議。Ihavenoideaofhowtodoit.我不知道該怎么做。英語高考重要的知識點(diǎn)一、不定冠詞的用法冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨(dú)使用，也沒有詞義，它用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名詞的含義。英語中的冠詞有三種，一種是定冠詞(theDefiniteArticle)，另一種是不定冠詞(theIndefiniteArticle)，還有一種是零冠詞(ZeroArticle)。不定冠詞a(an)與數(shù)詞one同源，是"一個(gè)"的意思。a用于輔音音素前，一般讀作[e]，而an則用于元音音素前，一般讀做[en]。1)表示"一個(gè)"，意為one;指某人或某物，意為acertain。AMr.Lingiswaitingforyou.2)代表一類人或物。Aknifeisatoolforcuttingwith.Mr.Smithisanengineer.3)詞組或成語。alittle/afew/alot/atypeof/apile/agreatmany/manya/asarule/inahurry/inaminute/inaword/inashortwhile/haveacold/haveatry/keepaneyeon/allofasudden二、定冠詞的用法定冠詞the與指示代詞this，that同源，有"那(這)個(gè)"的意思，但較弱，可以和一個(gè)名詞連用，來表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或東西。1)特指雙方都明白的人或物：Takethemedicine.把藥吃了。2)上文提到過的人或事：Heboughtahouse.I'vebeentothehouse.他買了幢房子。我去過那幢房子。3)指世上獨(dú)一物二的事物：thesun，thesky，themoon，theearth4)單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類事物，如：thedollar美元;thefox狐貍;或與形容詞或分詞連用，表示一類人：therich富人5)用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級，及形容詞only，very，same等前面：Wheredoyoulive?Iliveonthesecondfloor.That'stheverythingI'vebeenlookingfor.高中英語語法知識重點(diǎn)1、主語主語表示句子主要說明的人或事物，一般由名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，不定式等充當(dāng)。HelikeswatchingTV.他喜歡看電視。2、謂語謂語說明主語的動(dòng)作，狀態(tài)或特征。一般可分為兩類：1)，簡單謂語由動(dòng)詞(或短語動(dòng)詞)構(gòu)成。可以有不同的時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)和語氣。Westudyforthepeople.我們?yōu)槿嗣駥W(xué)習(xí)。2)，復(fù)合謂語：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+不定式IcanspeakalittleEnglish.我可以說一點(diǎn)英語。3、表語表語是謂語的一部分，它位于系動(dòng)詞如be之后，說明主語身份，特征，屬性或狀態(tài)。一般由名詞，代詞，形容詞，副詞，不定式，介詞短語等充當(dāng)。Mysisterisanurse.我姐姐是護(hù)士。4、賓語賓語表示動(dòng)作行為的對象，跟在及物動(dòng)詞之后，能作賓語的有名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，動(dòng)詞不定式等。WelikeEnglish.我們喜歡英語。有些及物動(dòng)詞可以帶兩個(gè)賓語，往往一個(gè)指人，一個(gè)指物，指人的.叫間接賓語，指物的叫直接賓語。Hegavemesomeink.他給了我一點(diǎn)墨水。有些及物動(dòng)詞的賓語后面還需要有一個(gè)補(bǔ)足語，意思才完整，賓語和它的補(bǔ)足語構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。如：Wemakehimourmonitor.我們選他當(dāng)班長。5、定語在句中修飾名詞或代詞的成分叫定語。用作定語的主要是形容詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，名詞，副詞，動(dòng)詞不定式，介詞短語等。形容詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，名詞等作定語時(shí)，通常放在被修飾的詞前面。Heisanewstudent.他是個(gè)新生。但副詞，動(dòng)詞不定式，介詞短語等作定語時(shí)，則放在被修飾的詞之后。Thebikeintheroomismine.房間里的自行車是我的。6、狀語修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞以及全句的句子成分，叫做狀語。用作狀語的通常是副詞，介詞短語，不定式和從句等。狀語一般放在被修飾的詞之后或放在句尾。副詞作狀語時(shí)可放在被修飾的詞前或句首。HelivesinLondon.他住在倫敦。

篇二：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與usually,always,sometimes,often,everyday/week/month/year等時(shí)間狀語連用。[例句]Heoftendoeshishomeworkinhisstudy.2.表示主語現(xiàn)在的特征、性格和狀態(tài)。[例句]Thedictionarybelongstome.3.表示客觀規(guī)律或科學(xué)真理、格言,以及其他不受時(shí)間限制的客觀存在。[例句]Themoongoesaroundthesun.4.在有連詞if,unless,before,assoonas,when,once,however等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間、條件和讓步狀語從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。[例句]Ifyouworkhard,youwon’tfailintheexam.2.高三英語知識點(diǎn)歸納筆記不定代詞的用法不定代詞大都可代替名詞和形容詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語和定語。如：1.用作主語Iseverybodyhere?人都到了嗎?2.用作賓語Iknowlittleaboutthenovel關(guān)于這本小說我知道的很少。Iamspeakingformyself，notforothers.我只代表自己，不代表別人發(fā)言。Iwasinterestedineverythingthattheoldmantoldme.我對于這位老人告訴我的一切都感興趣。3.用作表語That'sallfortoday.classisdismissed.今天就講這一些?，F(xiàn)在下課。Thisbookistoomuchforme.這本書對我說太難了。4.用作定語Studywellandmakeprogresseveryday.好好學(xué)習(xí)，天天向上。HehassomeEnglishbooks.他有一些英文書。3.高三英語知識點(diǎn)歸納筆記be/get/becomeusedto習(xí)慣于begivento喜歡;癖好berelatedto與…有關(guān)系beaddictedto沉溺于beopposedto反對devoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于;專心于bedevotedto致力于;忠誠于beadmittedto被…錄取;準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入bereducedto淪為reduce…to…使…淪為beattachedto附屬于;喜歡;依戀beadjustedto適應(yīng)beknownto為…所知bemarriedto和…結(jié)婚besentencedto被判處beconnectedto和…連在一起beexposedto暴露于;遭受becomparedto被比喻成compare…to…把…比作…beengagedto與…訂婚be/become/getaccustomedto/accustomedto慣于;有…習(xí)慣beengagedto與…訂婚4.高三英語知識點(diǎn)歸納筆記語法一致原則1.由and連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語(1)“a/the+名詞單數(shù)+and+名詞單數(shù)”表示一個(gè)人(雙重身份)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Theteacherandpoetoftengiveslecturesaroundthecity.(2)“a/the+名詞單數(shù)+and+a/the+名詞單數(shù)”表示兩個(gè)人，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Theteacherandthepoethavejustarrived.(3)“every+名詞單數(shù)+and+every+名詞單數(shù)”表示每一個(gè)人，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Everyboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducationinourcountry.(4)通常由兩個(gè)部件組成的物品如：aknifeandfork(一副刀叉)等作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Breadandbutterisnottohistaste.2.表示時(shí)間、數(shù)量、長度及價(jià)格的名詞，盡管有時(shí)是復(fù)數(shù)形式但常被看作是一個(gè)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Isfiftypoundsenough?3.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)of后的名詞的形式來定，如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;如果名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Two-thirdsofthebooksareaboutscience.Only30%oftheworkwasdoneyesterday.

5.高三英語知識點(diǎn)歸納筆記名詞性從句的幾個(gè)難點(diǎn)(一)that不可省略的情況1、主語從句，that從句置于句首時(shí);2、當(dāng)一個(gè)句子有兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列的賓語從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)第二和以后幾個(gè)從句的that不可省略;3、由it作形式賓語時(shí)，that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，that不可以省略。(二)wh-ever與nomatterwh-的用法區(qū)別Wh-ever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，又可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句;而nomatterwh-只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。(三)asif/though,because,why可以引導(dǎo)表語從句注意：because引導(dǎo)的表語從句，主語不能是reason或cause,而且since,as不能引導(dǎo)表語從句。(四)that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句與關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別That引導(dǎo)的同位語從句成分是完整的，that在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何成分;that引導(dǎo)的定語從句成分是殘缺的，that在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語或表語。6.高三英語知識點(diǎn)歸納筆記地點(diǎn)狀語從句1、地點(diǎn)狀語從句由where,wherever引導(dǎo)。注意：where與where的區(qū)別：Where表特定的地點(diǎn)，而wherever表示非特定的地點(diǎn)。Wherever=to/atanyplacewhere2、地點(diǎn)狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別Where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，從句前應(yīng)有一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞;而狀語從句前則無先行詞。原因狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞：because,since,as,nowthat,notthat…,butthat…,seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat注意：for也可以表示原因，屬并列連詞，但不是說明直接原因，而是對某種情況加以推斷，用于表示補(bǔ)充說明理由。目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞：so,sothat,inorderthat,that,totheendthat(以便，為了)，incase,forfearthat,lest(以免，以防)，目的狀語從句中通常有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,could,may,might,should,would等。

篇三：一、詞匯詞匯手冊二、語法1、重點(diǎn)語法專題：定語從句、名詞性從句、狀語從句、時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)、倒裝句、非謂語（優(yōu)先復(fù)習(xí)）2、其他語法專題：強(qiáng)調(diào)句、形容詞副詞以及比較級最高級、代詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、定冠詞/不定冠詞三、閱讀技巧（一）閱讀細(xì)節(jié)題方法解析細(xì)節(jié)題是針對文中某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)、某句話或某部分具體內(nèi)容設(shè)置問題，正確答案的根據(jù)一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改寫往往成為正確選項(xiàng)。通常細(xì)節(jié)題的正確選項(xiàng)有以下特征：1、對原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行替換。把原文中的一些詞換成意義相近的詞，成為正確選項(xiàng)。2、詞性或者語態(tài)的變化。把原文中的一些詞變換一下詞性，或者改變原文句子的語態(tài)，給考生制造障礙。3、語言簡化。把原文中的復(fù)雜語言現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行簡化，成為正確答案。4、正話反說。把原文中的意思反過來表達(dá)而成為正確選項(xiàng)(適用于尋找錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的題目)。干擾項(xiàng)也是以文章中的某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)題，若不仔細(xì)辨別，很容易把它當(dāng)成正確選項(xiàng)。干擾項(xiàng)有以下特征：1、將原文內(nèi)容擴(kuò)大或縮小。把原文中的限定詞去掉或替換，使該選項(xiàng)看似正確，實(shí)際上卻是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。2、把未然當(dāng)已然。改變文中某句話的時(shí)態(tài)，如把將來時(shí)變成現(xiàn)在時(shí)，把未發(fā)生的事情當(dāng)成已發(fā)生的事情。3、無中生有。即選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是根據(jù)主觀想象或推測得出的結(jié)論，而文中并未涉及。4、偷換概念。把原來做該事的“張三”換成“李四”，所述細(xì)節(jié)確實(shí)與原文一致，一不小心就會誤選。5、文不對題。這類題最不容易辨別，選項(xiàng)中的描述與原文完全一致，確屬原文中的一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，這時(shí)要回到題干，看該選項(xiàng)是否能回答題干所提的問題。下面結(jié)合最新高考試題，對細(xì)節(jié)題的不同類型加以解讀。真題解析：1.Babyhoatzinshaveaclawontheleadingedgeofeachwingandanotherattheendofeachwingtip.Usingthesefourclaws,togetherwiththebeak(喙),theycanclimbaboutinthebushes,lookingverymuchlikewhatprimitivebirdsmusthavedone.Whentheyounghoatzinshavelearnedtofly,theylosetheirclaws.Younghoatzinsaredifferentfromtheirparentsinthat_________

.A.theylooklikeyoungcuckoos

B.theyhaveclawsonthewingsC.theyeatalotlikeacowD.theyliveonriverbanks【難度】:☆【Keys】:B【解析】:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句Babyhoatzinshaveaclawontheleadingedgeofeachwingandanotherattheendofeachwingtip.與此段的最后一句Whentheyounghoatzinshavelearnedtofly,theylosetheirclaws.可知幼鳥有爪子而老一些的鳥沒有。故選B。2.DuringthedriermonthsbetweenDecemberandMarchhoatzinsflyabouttheforestingroupsof20to30birds,butinApril,whentherainyseasonbegins,theycollecttogetherinsmallerlivingunitsoftwotosevenbirdsforproducingpurposes.Whydohoatzinscollecttogetherinsmallergroupswhentherainyseasoncomes?A.Tofindmorefood.B.Toprotectthemselvesbetter.C.Tokeepthemselveswarm.D.Toproducetheiryoung.【難度】:☆【Keys】:D【解析】:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的whentherainyseasonbegins,theycollecttogetherinsmallerlivingunitsoftwotosevenbirdsforproducingpurposes.可知。(二)

閱讀猜詞題方法解析技巧一、根據(jù)下文解釋詞義1.

根據(jù)定義猜測詞義定義解釋形式多樣，常由be,mean,dealwith,beconsidered,tobe,referto,becalled,beknownas,define,represent,or,thatistosay,inotherwords,becalled等詞匯或破折號來表示。A

mosquito

isasmallflyingpestthatthrusttheskinandthendrinkblood.

蚊子2.

根據(jù)復(fù)述猜測詞義Semantics,thestudyofthemeaningofwords,isnecessaryifyouaretospeakandreadintelligently.

語義學(xué)；詞義學(xué)3.

根據(jù)舉例猜測詞義Youcantakeanyofthe

periodicals:TheWorldofEnglish,ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchools,orEnglishLearning.

期刊技巧二、根據(jù)文章內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系1.

根據(jù)對比關(guān)系猜測義表示對比關(guān)系的詞匯和短語主要是while,not,but,however,yet,otherwise,though,despite,inspiteof,incontrast和while引導(dǎo)的并列句等。在這些表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的連詞出現(xiàn)的句子中，其前后的詞有明顯的對比關(guān)系。根據(jù)已知的內(nèi)容，通過這種對比關(guān)系，就很容易猜出生詞的詞義的。Andrewisoneofthemost

supercilious

menIknow.Hisbrother,incontrast,isquitehumbleandmodest.

傲慢的2.

根據(jù)比較關(guān)系猜測詞義同對比關(guān)系相反，比較關(guān)系表示意義上的相似關(guān)系，Greenlovestotalk,andhisbrothersaresimilarly

loquacious.

能言善辯的3.

根據(jù)因果關(guān)系猜測詞義Tomisconsideredan

autocratic

administratorbecausehemakesdecisionswithoutseekingtheopinionsofothers.

獨(dú)裁的4.

根據(jù)同義詞的替代關(guān)系猜測詞義在句子或段落中，我們可以利用熟悉的詞語，根據(jù)語言環(huán)境推斷生詞詞義。Althoughheoftenhadtheopportunity,Mr.Trittwasneverabletostealmoneyfromacustomer.Thiswouldhaveendangeredhispositionatthebank,andhedidnotwantto

jeopardize

hisfuture.

破壞技巧三、根據(jù)常識及構(gòu)詞法猜詞義1.

根據(jù)前綴猜測詞義Hefellintoaditchandlayhere,

semiconscious,forafewminutes.

半昏迷的2.

根據(jù)后綴猜測詞義Insecticide

isappliedwhereitisneeded.

殺蟲劑3.

根據(jù)復(fù)合詞的各部分猜測詞義Growingeconomicproblemswere

highlighted

byaslowdowninoiloutput.

強(qiáng)調(diào)4.

利用普通常識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)Intheolddays,whengirlsfromrichfamiliesweremarriedtotheir

husbands,they

expectedtobringwiththemselvesplentyof

dowry.

嫁妝(三)

閱讀推斷題方法解析高考英語閱讀理解中的推斷題，要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，作出一定的判斷和推理，從而得出文章的隱含意義和深層意義。1)推斷隱含意義的提問方式：Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat________.Accordingto…,wecaninferthat________.Fromthetextweknowthat…ismostlikely________.Whenthewritertalksabout…,whatthewriterreallymeansis________.Thewritersuggeststhat________.Thestoryimpliesthat________.Wecaninfer[conclude]fromthepassagethat

________.2)干擾項(xiàng)主要特點(diǎn)：a)文章中直接用于表達(dá)細(xì)節(jié)的信息;b)文章中無關(guān)緊要或片面推出的結(jié)論;c)與文章內(nèi)容完全相反的結(jié)論;d)不合常理或不合邏輯的結(jié)論等。答題誤區(qū)同學(xué)們在做類題目時(shí)，很容易誤選文段中直接用于表達(dá)信息的選項(xiàng)或表示片面結(jié)論的選項(xiàng)。切記一是要全面分析所有相關(guān)信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面結(jié)論；二是要忠實(shí)原文，切忌脫離原文，憑空臆斷；三是注意不要選擇表層信息答案，應(yīng)該立足由已知推斷未知?！菊骖}解析1】Astrongerargumentcomesfromresearchintoschoolresults.Girlsgrowupearlierthanboys,tendtobemoreorderlyandarelikelytobebetteratlanguages.Inamixedclass,boyswhomightdowellinasingle-sexclassbecomediscouragedandtakeontheruleoftroublemaker.CertainlyintheUKthissituationhasgreatlyalarmed(驚動(dòng))thegovernmentforittobeencouragingco-educationalschoolstohavesomesingle-sexclasses.IntheUKthebestschoolsareallsingle-sex,stronglysuggestingthatco-educationisnotthebestanswer.Thismay,however,notbeassimpleasitlooks.Itmaysimplybethatthefamousoldschoolsthatattractthebeststudentshappentobesingle-sex,ratherthanthatbeingsingle-sexmakesthembetterschools.1.Attheendofthepassagethewritersuggeststhat________.A.single-sexschoolsarethebestschoolsintheUKB.beingsingle-sexdoesnotnecessarilymakeaschoolbetterC.co-educationalschoolsarebetterforbothsexesinpersonaldevelopmentD.becauseboyscannotcompetewithgirlsinstudy,theygotosingle-sexschools【難度】:☆【Keys】:B【解析】:作者在羅列Inamixedclass,boyswhomightdowellinasingle-sexclassbecomediscouragedandtakeontheruleoftroublemaker和IntheUKthebestschoolsareallsingle-sex等事實(shí)后，得出了Itmaysimplybethatthefamousoldschoolsthatattractthebeststudentshappentobesingle-sex,ratherthanthatbeingsingle-sexmakesthembetterschools這個(gè)結(jié)論。要做對上面這道題，正確理解文章末尾這句結(jié)論性的句子至關(guān)重要。這里尤其要注意句中的ratherthan這個(gè)關(guān)鍵性詞語，它的意思是“而不是”，用于否定或排除其后引出的內(nèi)容。故只有選項(xiàng)B最合適?！菊骖}解析2】Whenwewalkthroughthecity,weallexperienceakindofinformationoverloadbutwepayattentiononlytothosethatareimportanttous.Wedon’tstop,wekeepourfacesexpressionlessandeyesstraightahead,andindoingso,wearenotjustprotectingourselvesbutareavoidingoverloadingotherpeopleaswell.Wemakeuseofstereotypes(刻板的模式)asconvenientwaystomakequickjudgmentsaboutsituationsandpeoplearoundus.Theymaynotalwaysbeaccurate,andtheycanoftenbedangerouslywrong,buttheyareusedregularly.Theproblemwiththestereotypesisthattheyrestrictexperience.Byusinglimitedcluetoprovideuswitharapidopinionofotherpeopleorplaceswemaychoosetolimitourcommunication.Wemaydecidenottogotocertainplacesbecausewebelievetheywillnotoffersomethingweenjoy.Inthecity,stylesofdressareparticularlyimportantwithregardtoself-presentation.Differentgroupsoftenuseclearlyidentifiablestylesofclothessothattheycanbeeasilyrecognized.Itisbecomingincreasinglycommonforbrandnamestobeplacedontheoutsideofclothes,

andthislabelingmakesiteasytosendoutinformationaboutfashionandpriceinstantly,

andletsotherstellatadistancewhetheranindividualhassimilartastesandisasuitablepersontoassociatewith.InEngland,

wheresocialgroupingorclasscontinuestomakesocialdistinctions(區(qū)分),clothes,

hairstyles,people’spronunciationandthemannerofspeakingareallcluestooursocialgroup.Classdistinctionstendtoberelativelyfixed,althoughinthecitywheregreatervarietyispermitted,theyaremorelikelytobesecondarydeterminingfactorsoffriendshipandassociation.1.Peoplewalkingincitiesignorethesurroundingsbecause

________.A.theydonotwishtotalktootherpeopleB.everyoneelseisexpressionlessC.theenvironmentisalreadyfamiliartothemD.thereistoomuchinformationtotakein2.Fromthepassagewemayconcludethat________.A.stereotypescanhelptounderstandpeoplefullyB.peoplearebecomingmoreinterestedinfashionC.dressingcansendmessagesaboutindividualsD.stereotypescandomoreharmthangoodtopeople3.ItwouldappearthatinEngland,aperson’sclass

________.A.mightbelessimportantinmakingfriendsinacityB.ismainlydeterminedbyhispronunciationC.playslessofarolethanitdidinthepastD.issomethingthatcanbechangedeasily【難度】:☆☆【Keys】:DCA【解析】:1.推理題。根據(jù)第一段第一行weallexperienceakindofinformationoverloadbutwepayattentiononlytothosethatareimportanttous.可知人們在街上只關(guān)注自己感興趣的東西，對于別的那些不感興趣的不予理睬，是因?yàn)樾畔⒌妮斎胩蟆?.推理題。根據(jù)第四段1,2行stylesofdressareparticularlyimportantwithregardtoself-presentation.Differentgroupsoftenuseclearlyidentifiablestylesofclothessothattheycanbeeasilyrecognized.可以推斷出服裝可以傳遞出個(gè)人的信息。3.推理題。根據(jù)最后一句,Classdistinctionstendtoberelativelyfixed,althoughinthecitywheregreatervarietyispermitted,theyaremorelikelytobesecondarydeterminingfactorsoffriendshipandassociation.可以知道aperson’sclass并不是決定因素。三、閱讀技巧(四)閱讀主旨題方法解析主旨大意題旨在考查考生把握全文主題和理解中心思想的能力，亦即考查考生的歸納概括能力。這類試題包括要求考生選出短文的標(biāo)題(title,headline)、短文或段落的主題(subject)、中心思想(mainidea)、作者的寫作目的(purpose或?yàn)閭鬟f信息、或?yàn)橛鋹傋x者、或?yàn)殛U述某一道理)等。1)主旨題提問方式：Thepassageismainlyabout_______.Themainideaofthepassageisthat_______.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.Whatisthesubjectofthepassage?Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizes/reflectsthemainideaofthepassage?Themainpurposeofthispassageisto________.2)解題思路：a)關(guān)注文章首尾句;b)關(guān)注文章高頻詞;c)干擾項(xiàng)特征：以偏概全；主觀臆斷；無關(guān)信息。真題解析：1.主題句在文首這類文章寫法上的特點(diǎn)是：文章的第一句起著點(diǎn)題的作用，概括了文章的主要內(nèi)容或信息，下文接著對主題句所涉及的話題進(jìn)行具體的闡述。如：AJINTAN,JIANGSU:The20students--18boysand2girls--hadathousandreasonstobeproudofthemselves.Theyhadjustclimbedtheirwaytothetoprung(階梯)outof4millionstudentstakingpartintheFifthNationalHuaLuogengGoldCupMathematicsContest(競賽)onTuesdayevening.The20goldmedalwinnersareallprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsundertheageof14."Manyoftheproblemsareofcollegelevelandthesepupilscanfigurethemout.Itisjustunbelievable!"saidateacherfromGuangdongprovince.NamedafterChina'smostfamousmathematician,HuaLuogeng,theconteststartedin1986,oneyearafterhisdeath.Inlessthan10years,ithasbeenrecognizedbytheStateEducationCommission(國家教委)asthecountry'sbiggestandbestcontestofitskind.Thisnewsstoryismainlyabout_______.A.whentheconteststartedB.howthecontestgotitsnameC.the20pupilswhohavewongoldmedalsinthecontestD.the5thNationalHuaLuogengGoldCupMathematicsContest【難度】:☆【Keys】:D【解析】:這是一篇報(bào)道，文章的第一段只有兩句話：“20個(gè)學(xué)生(2女18男)有充分的理由為自己感到自豪，因?yàn)樗麄儕Z得了第五屆華羅庚杯數(shù)學(xué)競賽的金獎(jiǎng)，是4百萬參賽學(xué)生中的佼佼者”，下文接著對競賽的有關(guān)情況進(jìn)行報(bào)道，因此，第一段實(shí)際上就是這篇報(bào)道的主題句。A、B、C分別只包含了報(bào)道的部分信息，顯然不合題意；D選項(xiàng)與主題句的意思完全一致，因此是正確答案。2.主題句在文中這類文章寫法上的特點(diǎn)是：開始部分是引題，接著是點(diǎn)題，最后是對主題進(jìn)行敘述，主題句常常起著承上啟下的作用。如：Fatonhumanbeingsisdistributedindifferentways.Somefatpeoplehavealargestomachandnowaistline--whichmakesthemlookround,ratherlikeapples.Othersarefatterbelowthewaist,whichmakesthemappearpear-shaped.Therearetwotypesoffat:externalfat(fatundertheskin)andinternalfat(fatinsidethebodywall).Doctors,whohavebeenexaminingtherelationshipbetweenhealthandfatness,havefoundthatthe'pears'havelessinternalfat,butthe'apples'havemoreinternalfatthanexternalfat.Thisseemstobewhatcausesthehealthproblems.Thebesttreatmentforfatnessistoreducetheinternalfat.Butunfortunatelyitseemsthatdieting(節(jié)食)simplymakesanapple-shapedpersonintoasmallerappleandapear-shapedpersonintoasmallerpear.Atthemomentthereisnoknownwayofreducingtheinternalratherthanexternalfat.Thetextismainlyabout______.A.fatnessandhealthB.waystoloseweighC.people'sfiguresD.distributionoffat【難度】:☆【Keys】:A【解析】:該文的第一段交代了脂肪在體內(nèi)的分布狀況；第二段交代了脂肪的種類及不同種類的脂肪與健康之間的關(guān)系；第三段講的是減肥應(yīng)該減掉哪一類脂肪以及節(jié)食存在的問題。很明顯，第二段，特別是第二段的第二句，起著承上啟下的作用，是該文的主題句。A選項(xiàng)符合主題句的意思，應(yīng)該是正確答案；B選項(xiàng)與文章的意思無關(guān)；可以排除；C、D選項(xiàng)分別只與文章的部分信息有關(guān)，也可以排除。3.主題句在文末這種寫法的特點(diǎn)是：在敘述完某件事情或某個(gè)話題之后，用一句話交代事情的結(jié)果或?qū)η懊娴臄⑹鲞M(jìn)行歸納。如：In1901,H.G.Wells,anEnglishwriter,wroteabookdescribingatriptothemoon.Whentheexplorers(探險(xiǎn)者)landedonthemoon,theydiscoveredthatthemoonwasfullofundergroundcities.Theyexpressedtheirsurprisetothe"moonpeople"theymet.Inturn,the"moonpeople"expressedtheirsurprise."Why,"theyasked,"areyoutravelingtoouterspacewhenyoudon'tevenuseyourinnerspace?"H.G.Wellscouldonlyimaginetraveltothemoon.In1969,humanbeingsreallydidlandonthemoon.Peopletodayknowthattherearenoundergroundcitiesonthemoon.However,thequestionthatthe"moonpeople"askedisstillaninterestingone.Agrowingnumberofscientistsareseriouslythinkingaboutit.Undergroundsystemsarealreadyinplace.Manycitieshaveundergroundcarparks.Insomecities,suchasTokyo,SeoulandMontreal,therearelargeundergroundshoppingareas.The'Chunnel",atunnel(隧道)connectingEnglandandFrance,isnowcomplete.Butwhataboutundergroundcities?Japan'sTaiseiCorporationisdesigninganetworkofundergroundsystem,called"AliceCities."Thedesignersimagineusingsurfacespaceforpublicparksandusingundergroundspaceforflats,offices,shopping,andsoon.Asolardome(太陽能穹頂)wouldcoverthewholecity.Supportersofundergrounddevelopmentsaythatbuildingdownratherthanbuildingupisagoodwaytousetheearth'sspace.Thesurface,theysay,canbeusedforfarms,parks,gardens,andwilderness.H.G.Wells'"moonpeople"wouldagree.Wouldyou?Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AliceCities--citiesofthefutureB.SpacetravelwithH.G.WellsC.EnjoylivingundergroundD.Buildingdown,notup【難度】:☆【Keys】:D【解析】:文章以月球人的問題Whyareyoutravelingtoouterspacewhenyoudon'tevenuseyourinnerspace?引起話題，接著講敘了人類目前對地下空間的利用現(xiàn)狀，結(jié)尾以地下空間開發(fā)的支持者的話點(diǎn)題buildingdownratherthanbuildingupisagoodwaytousetheearth’sspace。A選項(xiàng)只是本文話題的部分意思，不是主要話題；B選項(xiàng)與文章的意思無關(guān)；文章主要是講地下空間的開發(fā)利用，而不是講如何享受地下生活，因此C選項(xiàng)與文章的主題也無關(guān)；D選項(xiàng)符合文章的主要內(nèi)容，與主題句的意思一致，因此，D是該題的正確答案。4.主題句以首尾呼應(yīng)的形式出現(xiàn)在文首和文末這種寫法的特點(diǎn)是：文章一開始就點(diǎn)題，接著舉例，最后回歸主題。如：ShuPulonghashelpedatleast1000peoplebittenbysnakes."Itwasseeingpeoplewithsnakebitesthatledmetothiscareer,"hesaid.In1963,afterhisarmyservice,ShuenteredamedicalschoolandlaterbecameadoctorofChinesemedicine.Aspartofhisstudieshehadtoworkinthemountains.Thereheoftenheardofpeoplewhohadtheirarmsandlegscutoffafterasnakebiteinordertosavetheirlives."IwasgreatlyupsetbythestoryofanoldfarmerImet.Itwasaveryhotafternoon.Theoldmanwaspullinggrassinhisfieldswhenhefeltapaininhislefthand.Heatoncerealizedhehadbeenbittenbyapoisonoussnake.Innotimehewrappedaclothtightlyaroundhisarmtostopthepoisonspreadingtohisheart.Rushinghomeheshouted'Bringmetheknife!'Minuteslaterthemanlosthisarmforever.""ThesadstorytouchedmesomuchthatIdecidedtodevotemyselftohelpingpeoplebittenbysnakes,"Shusaid.Thebestheadlineforthisnewspaperarticleis______.A.AstonishingMedicineB.FarmerLosesArmsC.DangerousBitesD.SnakeDoctor【難度】:☆【Keys】:D【解析】:文章的第一段就兩句話，第一句點(diǎn)題，第二交代了ShuPulong成為蛇醫(yī)的原因；第二、第三段舉例說明ShuPulong如何了解到農(nóng)民被蛇咬的情況；第四段回歸主題，強(qiáng)調(diào)是由于第二、第三段中所交代的事例促使ShuPulong決心成為蛇醫(yī)。題目的A選項(xiàng)與文章中的信息無關(guān)；B、C兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)只涉及到文章所舉的例子的某個(gè)方面；D選項(xiàng)能涵蓋首位兩個(gè)自然段，即主題句的信息，因此是正確答案。5.文章中沒有明顯的主題句有的文章沒有明顯的主題句，如果在閱讀這類文章的時(shí)候碰到判斷文章的主題、話題、中心思想之類的題目，我們的注意力主要放在兩個(gè)方面：1.文章的主要內(nèi)容；2.選項(xiàng)之間的區(qū)別。也就是說能涵蓋文章的全部或主要內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng)才是正確答案。如：JamesClevelandOwenswasthesonofafarmerandthegrandsonofblackslaves.HisfamilymovedtoClevelandwhenhewas9.There,aschoolteacheraskedtheyouthhisname."J.C.",hereplied.Shethoughthehadsaid"Jesse",andhehadanewname.Owensranhisfirstraceatage13.Afterhighschool,hewenttoOhioStateUniversity.Hehadtoworkparttimesoastopayforhiseducation.Asasecond-yearstudent,intheBigTengamesin1935,hesetevenmorerecordsthanhewouldintheOlympicGamesayearlater.AweekbeforetheBigTenmeet,Owensaccidentallyfelldownaflightofstairs.Hisbackhurtsomuchthathecouldnotexerciseallweek,andhehadtobehelpedinandoutofthecarthatdrovehimtothemeet.Herefusedtolistentothesuggestionsthathegiveupandsaidhewouldtry,eventbyevent.Hedidtry,andtheresultsareintherecordbook.ThestagewassetforOwens'victoryattheOlympicGamesinBerlinthenextyear,andhissuccesswouldcometoberegardedasnotonlyathleticbutalsopolitical.HitlerdidnotcongratulateanyoftheAfrican-Americanwinners."Itwasallrightwithme,"hesaidyearslater."Ididn'tgotoBerlintoshakehandswithhim,anyway."HavingreturnedfromBerlin.Hereceivednotelephonecallfromthepresidentofhisowncountry,either.Infact,hewasnothonoredbytheUnitedStatesuntil1976,fouryearsbeforehisdeath.Owens'Olympicvictoriesmadelittledifferencetohim.Heearnedhislivingbylookingafteraschoolplayground,andacceptedmoneytoraceagainstcars,trucks,motorcycles,anddogs."Sure,itbotheredme,"hesaidlater."Butatleastitwasanhonestliving.Ihadtoeat."Intime,however,hisgoldmedalschangedhislife."Theyhavekeptmealiveovertheyears,"heoncesaid."Timehasstoodstillforme.Thatgoldenmomentdieshard."Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.JesseOwens,aGreatAmericanAthleteB.GoldenMoment--aLife-timeStruggleC.MakingaLivingasaSportsmanD.HowtoBeaSuccessfulAthlete?【難度】:☆【Keys】:D【解析】:這篇文章簡明扼要地介紹了奧林匹克金牌得主，美國黑人運(yùn)動(dòng)員JamesClevelandOwens輝煌而又坎坷的人生，但文章側(cè)重介紹的是他人生的坎坷，而不是他人生的輝煌。B選項(xiàng)側(cè)重的是他人生的輝煌，而不是他人生的坎坷，不能涵蓋文章的主要意思，因而不合題意；C、D選項(xiàng)與文章的內(nèi)容無關(guān)，也不合題意；JamesClevelandOwens在獲得奧林匹克金牌后雖然沒有立即得到美國社會的重視，但獲得金牌奠定了他作為一名偉大的運(yùn)動(dòng)員在美國田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)史上的重要地位卻是不爭的事實(shí)，