湖北省恩施鄂西南三校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期9月月考英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省恩施鄂西南三校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期9月月考英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）AFirstreleasedinthelate1950s,Legohasbecomeaniconictoy,whichislovedandappreciatedbymillionsaroundtheworld.Here,we’veputtogethersomeoftheLegosetsthatmayappealtoyou.DarthMaulLegoHeadCost:$1,255Ifyoudon’tknowwhoheis,thenIsuggestyouwatchStarWars:EpisodeI-ThePhantomMenace.ThisLegosetcontainsover1,800smallindividualpieces,makingonehellofasettocomplete.Ifyouhavethetime,patienceanddesiretoputtogetherasetlikethis,youcanearnyourselfsomeseriousbragging(吹噓)rightsinyourLegosocialcircle!RebelBlockadeRunnerCost:$1,330OneofthebiggestLegosetsonthelististheRebelBlockadeRunner.It’sprettygiant,tosaytheleast,andismadeupofover1,700piecesandisfromStarWars:EpisodeIV-ANewHope.Ifyou’realsoaStarWarsfan,youshouldseriouslythinkaboutaddingthistoyourcollection!EiffelTowerCost:$1,455BreakingoutoftheStarWarsistheEiffelTower,releasedin2007.With3,428pieces,thisisthetallestLegosetonthemarketandshouldonlybeattemptedifyouhavethedeterminationandpatiencetoseeitthrough!Itwasbuiltto1:300scale(比例尺)fromtherealtower.LECAAutomobile(LEGOInsideTourExclusive2005Edition)Cost:$2,350Asoneofthetop5mostexpensiveLegosetsintheworld,it’snotthecoolestormostprettylookingLegoset.However,it’sdifferentandrare,andincludes4,060pieces.So,ifcarsareyourthing,pleaseclickheretoknowmoreaboutit.1.WhatdotheDarthMaulLegoHeadandRebelBlockadeRunnerhaveincommon?A.Theyaresoldatthesameprice. B.Theycontainthesamepieces.C.Theyrelatetothesamemovie. D.Theywerereleasedinthesameyear.2.WhatdoweknowabouttheEiffelTower?A.ItisthemostexpensiveLegoset. B.Itisaminiversionoftherealtower.C.Itisrelativelyeasytoputittogether. D.ItisthebiggestLegosetintheworld.3.Wherecanweprobablyreadthetext?A.Inasciencereport. B.Inanewspaper. C.Inafashionmagazine. D.Onawebsite.〖答案〗1.C2.B3.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四款不同的樂高套裝。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DarthMaulLegoHead中的“Ifyoudon’tknowwhoheis,thenIsuggestyouwatchStarWars:EpisodeI-ThePhantomMenace.(如果你不知道他是誰，那么我建議你看《星球大戰(zhàn)前傳1：幽靈的威脅》。)”和RebelBlockadeRunner中的“It’sprettygiant,tosaytheleast,andismadeupofover1,700piecesandisfromStarWars:EpisodeIV-ANewHope.(至少可以這么說，它相當(dāng)巨大，由1700多塊碎片組成，來自《星球大戰(zhàn)4：新希望》。)”可知，它們與同一部電影《星球大戰(zhàn)》有關(guān)。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EiffelTower中的“Itwasbuiltto1:300scale(比例尺)fromtherealtower’soriginalblueprints.(它是按照真塔的1：300比例建造的。)”可知，這是按真塔的比例縮小的。故選B。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“So,ifcarsareyourthing,pleaseclickheretoknowmoreaboutit.(所以，如果你對(duì)汽車感興趣，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊這里了解更多。)”可推斷，這篇文章來自于網(wǎng)站。故選D。BToday,theoriginalBeetlehaslargelydisappearedfromtheworld’sroadssinceVolkswagenstoppedproducingitinGermanyin1978.Buttheinstantlyrecognizablecarwasonceeverywhere.Fromthe1970stothe1990s,morethan21millionBeetleswereproducedworldwide.Manyadultsintheir40sorabovehaveastoryabouttheBeetle,oratleastamemory.Partofitsuniversalappealisitsuniquelook.There’ssomethingaboutthecarthatjustmakespeoplesmile:itshappyshape,itscheerfulcolors,andperhapsitssmallsize.However,thesmilesthatbeetlesevoke,inpeoplearenotsimplyduetotheirdesign.Ithasacharacteralmost.Ithasasortofsoulinaway.It’sbeyondamachine.Forthebetterpartofacenturythiscarhasbeenapartinpeople’slives.Seeingthesecarsontheroadislikeatimecapsule.Itopenspeopletomemoriesandstoriesthatmightotherwisegountold.Byallowingustotravelbackintime,theyremindusofwhat’simportant.Intoday’sworld,thiscarrepresentssomethingverybasicandearthyandgenuine.Exactlythekindoftravelweneedrightnow.“Myparentshadthree,awhiteone,thenaredone,andthenanorangeone.ItwasthecarIgrewupwith,”saidactorEwanMcGregor.“TheywouldputusinthebackoftheBeetleinScotlandanddrivetoFranceforcampingholidaysinsummer.Myfirstcarwasa1978BeetleandnowIowntwo,parkedatmyhomeinLosAngeles.”McGregorthinksthecar’sfutureiselectric.Hehasrecentlyturnedhis1978modelintoafullyelectriccar.“Movingforward,maybewe’lljusthavetothink;smallercars,lowemissions(排放),andsomethingthatmakesusfeelhappy,”hesays.4.WhenwastheproductionofBeetlesstoppedinGermany?A.Inthe1990s. B.Inthe1980s. C.Inthelate1970s. D.Intheearly1960s.5.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“evoke”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Tokeepanunpleasantfeelinginone’smind.B.Tofindoutinformationaboutone’scharacter.C.Tobringafeelingoramemoryintoone’smind.D.Toasksomebodytodosomethinginarudeway.6.WhydoesEwanMcGregorowntwoBeetles?A.Hewantstoberemindedofhischildhood.B.Theyareusedtodecoratehisnewhome.C.Hehastoomanychildrenforjustonecar.D.Hisparentshaveleftoneoftheircarstohim.7.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperdoesthistextmostprobablyappear?A.Advertisement. B.Lifestyle. C.Environment. D.Economy.〖答案〗4.C5.C6.A7.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了曾暢銷全球的甲殼蟲汽車早已超越了代步的工具，而是升華為幾代人情感與記憶的載體?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“Today,theoriginalBeetlehaslargelydisappearedfromtheworld’sroadssinceVolkswagenstoppedproducingitinGermanyin1978.”（如今，自1978年大眾汽車停止在德國生產(chǎn)甲殼蟲以來，最初的甲殼蟲基本上已經(jīng)從世界道路上消失了。）可知，大眾汽車自1978年停止在德國生產(chǎn)甲殼蟲，由此可知，德國在20世紀(jì)70年代末停止生產(chǎn)甲殼蟲。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線單詞下文“Seeingthesecarsontheroadislikeatimecapsule.Itopenspeopletomemoriesandstoriesthatmightotherwisegountold.”（在路上看到這些汽車就像一個(gè)時(shí)間膠囊。它讓人們想起了那些原本可能無法描述的記憶和故事。）可知，甲殼蟲能夠讓人們想起之前的記憶和生活中曾發(fā)生的故事，由此可知，甲殼蟲喚起了人們的記憶，“obringafeelingoramemoryintoone’smind”意為“把一種感覺或記憶帶入腦海”，選項(xiàng)能夠表達(dá)畫線單詞在句中所要表達(dá)的意思。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容““Myparentshadthree,awhiteone,thenaredone,andthenanorangeone.ItwasthecarIgrewupwith,”saidactorEwanMcGregor.“TheywouldputusinthebackoftheBeetleinScotlandanddrivetoFranceforcampingholidaysinsummer.Myfirstcarwasa1978BeetleandnowIowntwo,parkedatmyhomeinLosAngeles.””（演員伊萬·麥格雷戈說：“我父母有三輛車，一輛白色的，一輛紅色的，然后一輛橙色的。這是伴隨我長(zhǎng)大的車?！薄霸谔K格蘭，他們會(huì)把我們放在甲殼蟲的后座上，夏天開車去法國露營(yíng)度假。我的第一輛車是1978年的甲殼蟲，現(xiàn)在我有兩輛，停在洛杉磯的家里?！保┛芍讱はx是伴隨伊萬·麥格雷戈長(zhǎng)大的車，他小時(shí)候曾坐在甲殼蟲的后座上，和家人一起去度假，由此可知，伊萬·麥格雷戈擁有兩輛甲殼蟲是因?yàn)榧讱はx會(huì)讓他回想起他的童年。故選A項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容“McGregorthinksthecar’sfutureiselectric.Hehasrecentlyturnedhis1978modelintoafullyelectriccar.“Movingforward,maybewe’lljusthavetothink;smallercars,lowemissions(排放),andsomethingthatmakesusfeelhappy,”hesays.”（麥格雷戈認(rèn)為汽車的未來是電動(dòng)的。他最近將1978年的車型改為全電動(dòng)汽車。“向前看，也許我們只需要思考；更小的汽車，低排放,還有一些讓我們感到快樂的東西，”他說。）可知，本文主要介紹了曾暢銷全球的甲殼蟲汽車是幾代人記憶的載體，現(xiàn)在的甲殼蟲汽車順應(yīng)時(shí)代要求，發(fā)展成更小、更環(huán)保的汽車，這是一種生活方式的變化，由此可知，這篇文章講述的是人們的生活方式，最可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的生活方式部分。故選B項(xiàng)。COurcityisinasorrystate.Outdoorpollutionkills4.2millionpeopleayear,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Concreteandtarmac(柏油碎石材料)absorbthesun’sraysratherthanreflectingthembackintospace,andalsoreplaceplantswhichwouldotherwisecoolthingsdown.Thecontinuousspreadofbuildingsandroadsthusturnsurbanareasintoheatislands,discomfortingresidentsandworseningdangerousheatwaves.Apossibleansweristrees.Theirleavesmaydestroyatleastsomechemicalpollutants(污染物)andprovideshade.In2019,researchersattheUniversityofWisconsinfoundthatAmericancitiesneed40%treecoveragetocuturbanheatbackmeaningfully.Unfortunately,notallcities—andespeciallynotthosespringingupintheworld’spoorcountries—areblessedwithparks,privategardensorevenstreettreesinsufficientnumbers.MiyawakiAkira,aplantecologistatYorkhamaNationalUniversity,inJapan,hasdevelopedanewwaytoincreaseunbangreening.Itistoplantminiaturesimulacra(微型仿制品)ofnaturalforestsintheunpromisingabandonedareas.DrMiyawakihasorganisedtheplantingofmorethan1,500oftheseminiatureforests,firstinJapan,theninotherpartsoftheworld.Othersarefollowinginhisfootsteps.Indiaisparticularlykeen.InMumbai,morethan200,000treesarefoundinMiyawakiforeststhroughoutthecity.Hyderabadstartedgrowingthelargestindividualforestofthelotin2020.TheMiyawakimethodwillneverworkoutonalargescale.Relyingonnatureandthepassageoftimeisprobablythebestforreplantingextensiveareasofdamagedwoodlands.Butifyourgoalistobetteryourimmediateneighborhood,ratherthantosavetheplanetfromglobalwarming,thenDr.Miyawakimightwellbeyourman.8.WhatdoweknowfromParagraph1?A.Plantsarereplacedtocoolthingsdown.B.Urbanareasarebecomingpollutionhotspots.C.Buildingsandroadsmakeresidentscomfortable.D.Concreteandtarmacreflectheatbackintospace.9.Whatdoestheresearchin2019imply?A.Plantsprovideshadeforurbanresidents. B.Treecoverageneedstobefurtherexpanded.C.Thesituationinurbanareasgetssteadilyworse. D.Treescutdownchemicalpollutionfromfactories.10.WhatcanwelearnabouttheMiyawakimethod?A.ItoriginatedfromIndia. B.Ittakeseffectasexpected.C.ItmakesnodifferencetoMumbai. D.Itisfindingincreasingfavour.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Apracticalstrategytosaveourplanet. B.Aflexiblescheduletosettleachallenge.C.Apartialsolutiontothelackofurbangreening. D.Aneffectivemeasuretopreventglobalwarming.〖答案〗8.B9.B10.D11.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了植物生態(tài)學(xué)家宮崎明開發(fā)了一種增加城市綠化的新方法——種植微型模擬天然林，但此方法不適用于大規(guī)模的重新造林，所以微型模擬天然林只能部分解決城市綠化不足的問題。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ourcityisinasorrystate.Outdoorpollutionkills4.2millionpeopleayear,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Concreteandtarmac(柏油碎石材料)absorbthesun’sraysratherthanreflectingthembackintospace,andalsoreplaceplantswhichwouldotherwisecoolthingsdown.Thecontinuousspreadofbuildingsandroadsthusturnsurbanareasintoheatislands,discomfortingresidentsandworseningdangerousheatwaves.(我們的城市狀況很糟糕。根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的數(shù)據(jù)，室外污染每年導(dǎo)致420萬人死亡?；炷梁桶赜吐访嫖仗柟舛皇菍⑵浞瓷浠靥?，同時(shí)也取代了原本可以降溫的植物。建筑物和道路的不斷擴(kuò)張使城市地區(qū)變成了熱島，使居民感到不安，并加劇了危險(xiǎn)的熱浪。)”可知，城市地區(qū)正在成為污染熱點(diǎn)。故選B。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“In2019,researchersattheUniversityofWisconsinfoundthatAmericancitiesneed40%treecoveragetocuturbanheatbackmeaningfully.Unfortunately,notallcities-andespeciallynotthosespringingupintheworld’spoorcountries-areblessedwithparks,privategardensorevenstreettreesinsufficientnumbers.(2019年，威斯康星大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國城市需要40%的樹木覆蓋率才能有效地減少城市熱量。不幸的是，并不是所有的城市——尤其是那些在世界上貧窮國家興起的城市——都有幸擁有足夠數(shù)量的公園、私人花園甚至行道樹。)”可推斷，森林覆蓋率需要進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。故選B?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“DrMiyawakihasorganisedtheplantingofmorethan1,500oftheseminiatureforests,firstinJapan,theninotherpartsoftheworld.Othersarefollowinginhisfootsteps.Indiaisparticularlykeen.InMumbai,morethan200,000treesarefoundinMiyawakiforeststhroughoutthecity.Hyderabadstartedgrowingthelargestindividualforestofthelotin2020.(宮崎博士已經(jīng)組織種植了超過1500個(gè)這樣的微型森林，首先在日本，然后在世界其他地方。其他人也在追隨他的腳步。印度尤其熱衷于此。在孟買，整個(gè)城市的宮崎森林里有20多萬棵樹。2020年，海德拉巴開始種植該地區(qū)最大的單個(gè)森林。)”可推斷，這個(gè)方法受到越來越多的青睞。故選D。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“MiyawakiAkira,aplantecologistatYorkhamaNationalUniversity,inJapan,hasdevelopedanewwaytoincreaseunbangreening.(日本約克馬國立大學(xué)的植物生態(tài)學(xué)家宮崎明(MiyawakiAkira)開發(fā)了一種增加城市綠化的新方法。)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了植物生態(tài)學(xué)家宮崎明開發(fā)了一種增加城市綠化的新方法——種植微型模擬天然林，但此方法不適用于大規(guī)模的重新造林，所以微型模擬天然林只能部分解決城市綠化不足的問題。故選C。DPeople’sfirstmemoriesareallautobiograpbical(自傳式的),ormemoriesofsignificantexperiencesintheirlives,andtheseeventstypicallydidn’thappenbeforetheageof2or3.Infact,mostpeoplecan’trememberthingsfromthefirstfewyearsoftheirlivesaphenomenonresearchershavecalledinfantileamnesia.However,researchsuggeststhatinfants(嬰兒)canformotherkindsofmemories.Withinthefirstfewdaysoflife,infantscanrecalltheirownmother’sfaceandtellitfromthefaceofastranger.Afewmonthslater,infantscanshowthattheyrememberlotsoffamiliarfacesbysmilingmostattheonestheyseemostoften.Butifso,whydopeopleexperienceinfantileamnesia?Thoughitstillisn’tclearwhetherit’sbecausewecan’tformautobiographicalmemories,orwhetherwehavenowaytoretrieve(找回)them,scientistshaveafewguesses.Oneisthatautobiographicalmemoriesrequireyoutohavesomesenseofself.Researchershavetestedthisabilityusingamirrorrecognitiontaskcalledtherougetest.Itinvolvesmarkingababy’snosewithaspotofredlipstick.Researchersthenplacetheinfantinfrontofamirror.Infantsyoungerthan18monthsjustsmileatthebabyinthereflection,notshowinganyevidenceofrecognizingthemselvesortheredmarkontheirface.Between18and24months,infantstouchtheirownnose,evenlookingembarrassed,suggestingthattheyconnectthereddotinthemirrorwiththeirownfaceandstarttoformsomesenseofself.Anotherpossibleexplanationisthatbecauseinfantsdon’thavelanguageuntillaterinthesecondyearoflife,theycan’tformdescriptionsabouttheirownlivesthattheycanlaterrecall.Finally,thehippocampus,whichistheregionofthebrainthat’slargelyresponsibleformemory,isn’tfullydevelopedintheinfancyperiod.Scientistswillcontinuetoinvestigatehowthesefactorsmightcontributetoinfantileamnesia.12.Whatcaninfantsdointheirfirstfewmonths?A.Recognizefamiliarfaces.B.Rememberaseriesofevents.C.Identifytheirownreflections.D.Memorizetheirfamilymembers.13.Whatdoestherougetestshowaboutbabiesbetween18and24months?A.Theylikelookinginthemirror.B.Theyignorethemarksontheirfaces.C.Theyseetheirreflectionsasthemselves.D.Theyenjoyplayingwiththeirreflections.14.Whatcouldbeacauseofinfantileamnesiaaccordingtothetext?A.Infants’lackofsocialskills.B.Infants’undevelopedhippocampus.C.Infants’inabilitytorecallmemories.D.Infants’unusualautobiographicalmemories,15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Howdokidsformtheirmemories?B.Whendobabiesstartremembering?C.Howcanweretrievelostmemories?D.Whycan’twerememberbeingababy?〖答案〗12.A13.C14.B15.D【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。研究表明嬰兒可以形成其他類型的記憶，但是大多數(shù)人都不記得生命最初幾年的事情，這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“嬰兒健忘癥”，文章介紹了科學(xué)家們對(duì)導(dǎo)致嬰兒健忘癥的因素的猜測(cè)結(jié)果。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Afewmonthslater,infantscanshowthattheyrememberlotsoffamiliarfacesbysmilingmostattheonestheyseemostoften.(幾個(gè)月后，嬰兒可以通過對(duì)他們最?？吹降娜诵Φ米疃鄟肀砻魉麄冇浀迷S多熟悉的面孔)”可知，幾個(gè)月齡的嬰兒已經(jīng)可以認(rèn)出最?？吹降哪槪?huì)對(duì)這些熟悉的臉有更多的笑。故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Oneisthatautobiographicalmemoriesrequireyoutohavesomesenseofself.Researchershavetestedthisabilityusingamirrorrecognitiontaskcalledtherougetest.Itinvolvesmarkingababy’snosewithaspotofredlipstick.(其一，自傳式記憶要求你有某種自我意識(shí)。研究人員通過一項(xiàng)名為’胭脂測(cè)試’的鏡像識(shí)別任務(wù)來測(cè)試這種能力。它包括在嬰兒的鼻子上涂上一點(diǎn)紅色的口紅。)”，第五段“Between18and24months,infantstouchtheirownnose,evenlookingembarrassed,suggestingthattheyconnectthereddotinthemirrorwiththeirownfaceandstarttoformsomesenseofself.(在18到24個(gè)月之間，嬰兒摸自己的鼻子，甚至看起來很尷尬，這表明他們把鏡子里的紅點(diǎn)和自己的臉聯(lián)系起來，開始形成某種自我意識(shí)。)”可知，18-24個(gè)月的嬰兒看到鏡子中的影像的鼻子上有紅色的印記，會(huì)摸自己的鼻子，說明他們知道鏡子里的影像和自己有關(guān)，故選C項(xiàng)。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第二句“Finally,thehippocampus,whichistheregionofthebrainthat’slargelyresponsibleformemory,isn’tfullydevelopedintheinfancyperiod.(最后，海馬體是大腦中主要負(fù)責(zé)記憶的區(qū)域，在嬰兒時(shí)期并沒有完全發(fā)育。)”可知，導(dǎo)致嬰兒健忘癥是因?yàn)樵趮雰簳r(shí)期，負(fù)責(zé)記憶區(qū)域的海馬體還沒有完全發(fā)育，故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Butifso,whydopeopleexperienceinfantileamnesia?Thoughitstillisn’tclearwhetherit’sbecausewecan’tformautobiographicalmemories,orwhetherweinsthavenowaytoretrieve(找回)them,scientistshaveafewguesses.(但如果是這樣，為什么人們會(huì)經(jīng)歷嬰兒健忘癥呢？雖然目前還不清楚這是因?yàn)槲覀儫o法形成自傳式記憶，還是因?yàn)槲覀儧]有辦法檢索它們，但科學(xué)家們有一些猜測(cè)。)”可知，本文圍繞嬰兒健忘癥這個(gè)現(xiàn)象展開，介紹了科學(xué)家們對(duì)導(dǎo)致嬰兒健忘癥de因素的猜測(cè)結(jié)果，“Whycan’twerememberbeingababy?(作為一個(gè)嬰兒，為什么我們記不住事情？)”適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everyday,wefaceaseriesofopportunitiestodotherightthing.Sometimesweseize(抓住)thosemoments;othertimes,wedon’t.____16____Andwhatdrivessomepeopletotakethemoralhighground?JessieSuninterviewed952peopleaboutthemotivations(動(dòng)機(jī))formoralbehaviorandthechangestheywishedtomakeintheirlivesinordertobecomemoremorallygood.Whenwethinkaboutmorals,weoftenthinkaboutmaking“personalsacrifices(犧牲)”forthegreatergood.InSun’sstudy,shefoundthatnearlyhalfoftheparticipantssaidtheyweremostencouragedtobecomemoremoralforthemselves.____17____Andfewerparticipantssaidthattheymostwantedtobenefitfriendsandpeopleingeneral.Moreover,manypeoplebelievethatactingmoremorally—forexample,beingmorethoughtful,moreopen-minded—wouldincreasetheirownwell-being.Themoretheybelievedthattheirmoralchangewouldhavepositiveresultsforthemselves,themoretheyreportedbeingencouragedtomakethatchange.____18____Thatwasthemostsurprisingfindinginthestudy.____19____Interestingly,participantsgenerallyexpectedpossibleharmstothemselvesandothersiftheywerehonest.Youcanimaginethatsomepeopleregularlytellwhiteliestosaveotherpeople’sfeelings,andtheybelieveitwouldbehurtfuliftheywerehonest.Researchersalsoaskedpeopleaboutthethingsthey’dliketoimproveaboutthemselves.Ifthey’reextremelyshy,theyusuallywanttobecomemorecomfortableinsocialsituations.Butiftheyaren’tespeciallyhonestorthoughtful,theyusuallywon’timprovethoseaspectsoftheirlivesonpurpose.____20____A.Howcanwebecomemoremoral?B.So,whydowemakethesechoices?C.Beingmoraljustisn’twhatmostpeopleconsiderfirst.D.Beingmoralmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.E.Butpeopleseesomedisadvantagesofbeingmoral,too.F.Inshort,manypeoplewanttobecomemoremoralfortheirownbenefits.G.Sixteenpercentsaidthattheymostwantedtobecomemoremoralfortheirfamily.〖答案〗16.B17.G18.F19.E20.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們決定變得有道德背后的動(dòng)機(jī)?！?6題詳析】前文“Everyday,wefaceaseriesofopportunitiestodotherightthing.Sometimesweseize(抓住)thosemoments;othertimes,wedon’t.(每天，我們都面臨著一系列做正確事情的機(jī)會(huì)。有時(shí)我們會(huì)抓住這些時(shí)刻；其他時(shí)候，我們不會(huì)。)”提到了有的時(shí)候我們會(huì)抓住機(jī)會(huì)做正確的事情，而有的時(shí)候則不會(huì)。后文“Andwhatdrivessomepeopletotakethemoralhighground?(是什么驅(qū)使一些人走上道德高地？)”提出了對(duì)這種情況的另一個(gè)疑問。由此可知，空處應(yīng)是對(duì)前文所述情況提出的疑問，B項(xiàng)“那么，我們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)做出這些決定？”符合題意。故選B?！?7題詳析】前文“InSun’sstudy,shefoundthatnearlyhalfoftheparticipantssaidtheyweremostencouragedtobecomemoremoralforthemselves.(在孫的研究中，她發(fā)現(xiàn)近一半的參與者表示，他們最受鼓勵(lì)的是為自己變得更有道德。)”講述了近一半?yún)⑴c者想為自己變得有道德。后文“Andfewerparticipantssaidthattheymostwantedtobenefitfriendsandpeopleingeneral.(更少的參與者表示，他們最想讓朋友和普通人受益。)”講述了較少的參與者想為朋友和普通人變得有道德?？仗帒?yīng)承上啟下，講述參與者為其他原因而變得有道德，G項(xiàng)“16%的人表示，他們最想為自己的家庭變得更有道德?！狈项}意。故選G?！?8題詳析】前文“Themoretheybelievedthattheirmoralchangewouldhavepositiveresultsforthemselves,themoretheyreportedbeingencouragedtomakethatchange.(他們?cè)绞窍嘈抛约旱牡赖赂淖儠?huì)給自己帶來積極的結(jié)果，他們就越是被鼓勵(lì)做出這種改變。)”講述了相信道德上的改變會(huì)給自己帶來積極的結(jié)果會(huì)讓人們有動(dòng)力去改變，空處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步對(duì)這種行為進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“簡(jiǎn)言之，許多人想要為了讓自己受益而變得更有道德?！狈项}意。故選F。【19題詳析】空處是本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文中的“Interestingly,participantsgenerallyexpectedpossibleharmstothemselvesandothersiftheywerehonest.(有趣的是，參與者通常認(rèn)為，如果他們誠實(shí)的話，可能會(huì)對(duì)自己和他人造成傷害。)”可知，有道德可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生傷害，所以E項(xiàng)“但人們也看到了道德的一些弊端?！狈项}意。故選E?！?0題詳析】前文“Butiftheyaren’tespeciallyhonestorthoughtful,theyusuallywon’timprovethoseaspectsoftheirlivesonpurpose.(但如果他們不是特別誠實(shí)或體貼，他們通常不會(huì)故意改善生活的這些方面。)”可知，人們不會(huì)有意去改善自己道德上的不足，空處應(yīng)承接上文，對(duì)上文進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行說明，C項(xiàng)“道德并不是大多數(shù)人首先考慮的。”符合題意。故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Idon’tusuallykeephouseplants.Theygeteitheroverwateredorunderwatered.ButafterIgotaterminal(晚期)braincancerandneededamajoroperation,I____21____theideaofhavingsomethinggreenaround.Myfriendgavemealuckybambooplant,whichItoldmywifeIwantedto____22____myself.Caringfortheplantgavemeasenseof____23____whenIfeltuseless.Thedisease____24____myabilitytowalk.Asadoctor,Iwasusedtobeingtheonewhooffered____25____,nottheonewhoreceivedit.____26____theplant,assmallanactasitwas,connectedmetoamainpartofmyoldidentity.Overthenextfewmonths,Irecoveredfrommy____27____andreturnedtowork.Andtheplanthaddoubledinheightanditsleaveswere____28____andhealthy.BoththetreeandIwerethriving(旺盛).Then,____29____,whateverIdid,theleaveskeptbrowninganddropping.Igrewmoreandmore____30____.“Ifmyluckybamboodies,Imightdietoo.”Icouldn’tshakethefeelingthattheplanthadbecomea(n)____31____ofmyhealthuntilIrealizedIhad____32____connectedmygoodcarefortheplantwithmyownsurvival.Whenmycancerunavoidably____33____,Inolongerthoughtitwasanyfailureonmypart.Andasmyanxiety____34____,Ibegantolearnhowtobettercareformyplant.Iputittoalargerpot(花盆),givingit____35____togrow.Gradually,webothbegantothriveagain.21.A.doubted B.fearedC.loved D.introduced22.A.lookafter B.checkout C.showoff D.putaway23.A.emptiness B.belonging C.freedom D.achievement24.A.proved B.limited C.tested D.strengthened25.A.patience B.trust C.comfort D.care26.A.Sharing B.Watering C.Observing D.Decorating27.A.injury B.operation C.stress D.loss28.A.shiny B.strange C.dusty D.colorful29.A.normally B.consequently C.mysteriously D.undoubtedly30.A.bored B.annoyed C.lonely D.anxious31.A.example B.result C.gift D.symbol32.A.slightly B.secretly C.wrongly D.hardly33.A.returned B.changed C.disappeared D.started34.A.increased B.lessened C.spread D.exploded35.A.energy B.nutrition C.room D.time〖答案〗21.C22.A23.D24.B25.D26.B27.B28.A29.C30.D31.D32.C33.A34.B35.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者在得了癌癥后養(yǎng)了一盆植物，把它視為自己健康的象征，后來作者開始學(xué)習(xí)如何照顧植物，漸漸地，作者和植物都開始茁壯成長(zhǎng)起來。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但在我得了晚期腦癌，需要做一次大手術(shù)之后，我喜歡周圍有一些綠色的東西的想法。A.doubted懷疑；B.feared害怕；C.loved愛；D.introduced介紹。根據(jù)最后一段的“Ibegantolearnhowtobettercareformyplant”可知，作者在一次大手術(shù)之后，喜歡周圍有一些綠色的東西的想法。故選C。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我的朋友給了我一株幸運(yùn)的竹子，我告訴我的妻子我要自己照顧它。A.lookafter照顧；B.checkout查看；C.showoff炫耀；D.putaway收起，放好。根據(jù)下文“Caringfortheplantgavemeasenseof”可知，作者自己照顧竹子。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我覺得自己一無是處的時(shí)候，照顧這株植物給了我一種成就感。A.emptiness空虛；B.belonging所有物；C.freedom自由；D.achievement成就。根據(jù)最后一段的“Ibegantolearnhowtobettercareformyplant”可知，句子表示“照顧這株植物給了我一種成就感”。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這種病限制了我行走的能力。A.proved證明；B.limited限制；C.tested測(cè)試；D.strengthened加強(qiáng)。根據(jù)第一段的“Igotaterminal(晚期)braincancer”可知，作者有癌癥，這種病限制了作者行走的能力。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名醫(yī)生，我習(xí)慣了成為提供治療的人，而不是接受治療的人。A.patience耐心；B.trust信任；C.comfort安慰；D.care關(guān)心。根據(jù)上文“Asadoctor”可知，作為一名醫(yī)生，作者習(xí)慣了成為提供治療的人。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：給植物澆水，盡管是一件小事，卻把我和我過去身份的一個(gè)主要部分聯(lián)系起來。A.Sharing分享；B.Watering澆水；C.Observing觀察；D.Decorating裝飾。根據(jù)下文“theplant,assmallanactasitwas”可知，句子表示“給植物澆水，盡管是一件小事，卻把我和我過去身份的一個(gè)主要部分聯(lián)系起來”。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的幾個(gè)月里，我從手術(shù)中恢復(fù)過來，回到了工作崗位。A.injury受傷；B.operation手術(shù)；C.stress壓力；D.loss損失。根據(jù)第一段的“neededamajoroperation”和下文“returnedtowork”可知，作者從手術(shù)中恢復(fù)過來，回到了工作崗位。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這株植物長(zhǎng)了一倍高，葉子又亮又健康。A.shiny光滑發(fā)亮的；B.strange奇怪的；C.dusty布滿灰塵的；D.colorful富有色彩的。根據(jù)下文“andhealthy”可知，這株植物長(zhǎng)了一倍高，葉子又亮又健康。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，不可思議的是，不管我怎么做，樹葉總是不停地變黃、掉落。A.normally通常，平常；B.consequently因此，結(jié)果；C.mysteriously難以理解地；D.undoubtedly無疑，肯定。根據(jù)下文“whateverIdid,theleaveskeptbrowninganddropping”可知，句子表示“不可思議的是，不管我怎么做，樹葉總是不停地變黃、掉落”。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我變得越來越焦慮。A.bored感到無聊的；B.annoyed生氣的；C.lonely孤單的；D.anxious焦慮的。根據(jù)上文“whateverIdid,theleaveskeptbrowninganddropping”可知，樹葉總是不停地變黃、掉落，所以作者感到焦慮。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我無法擺脫這種感覺，這棵植物已經(jīng)成為我健康的象征，直到我意識(shí)到我錯(cuò)誤地將我對(duì)植物的照顧與我自己的生存聯(lián)系在一起。A.example例子；B.result結(jié)果；C.gift禮物；D.symbol象征。根據(jù)上文“Ifmyluckybamboodies,Imightdietoo”可知，作者把這棵植物當(dāng)作自己健康的象征。故選D。【32題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我無法擺脫這種感覺，這棵植物已經(jīng)成為我健康的象征，直到我意識(shí)到我錯(cuò)誤地將我對(duì)植物的照顧與我自己的生存聯(lián)系在一起。A.slightly稍微；B.secretly秘密地；C.wrongly錯(cuò)誤地；D.hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)下文“connectedmygoodcarefortheplantwithmyownsurvival”可知，此處表示“我意識(shí)到我錯(cuò)誤地將我對(duì)植物的照顧與我自己的生存聯(lián)系在一起”。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我的癌癥不可避免地復(fù)發(fā)時(shí)，我不再認(rèn)為這是我的失敗。A.returned重新出現(xiàn)；B.changed改變；C.disappeared消失；D.started開始。根據(jù)上文“theleaveskeptbrowninganddropping”和“Ifmyluckybamboodies,Imightdietoo”可知，作者的癌癥復(fù)發(fā)，故選A。【34題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著我的焦慮減輕，我開始學(xué)習(xí)如何更好地照顧我的植物。A.increased增加；B.lessened減少；C.spread傳播；D.exploded爆炸。根據(jù)上文“Inolongerthoughtitwasanyfailureonmypart”可知，作者的焦慮減輕了。故選B。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把它放在一個(gè)更大的花盆里，給它生長(zhǎng)的空間。A.energy能量；B.nutrition營(yíng)養(yǎng)；C.room空間；D.time時(shí)間。根據(jù)上文“Iputittoalargerpot”可知，作者把植物放在一個(gè)更大的花盆里，給它生長(zhǎng)的空間。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Kunming,thecapitalofYunnanprovince,istheeconomicand____36____(culture)centerofsouthwestChina.ItislinkedbyrailwithallofChina‘smajorcities.ItsraillinkwithHanoi（河內(nèi)）___37___(establish)in1901.Kunming‘smildclimatemakesit___38___goodplacetovisitanytimeoftheyear._____39_____itcanbehotandhumidinsummer,ithascool,drywinters.Theclimatehereisgreatforflowers,withmorethan400varieties___40___(plant)here.Thecamellia(山茶花)isthecity‘sofficialflower.Thecityisalsoknownforitsgreenparks,suchasCuihu(GreenLake)Parkwithitswaterwaysandwindingpaths.Younger___41___(tourist)mayenjoyavisittoDaguanParkbecauseofitsfoodstalls.Inadditiontoitsowncharms,Kunmingserves___42___abasefromwhichpeoplecanexplorethecultureofethnicgroupsinthearea.Thebestknown____43____(be）theDai,BaiandNaxi.PeoplecanalsovisittheYunnanStoneForest,whichhasbeen___44___(universal)knownas“thefirstwonderoftheworld”sincetheMingDynasty.Thestoneforestislocated120kmfromKunming,____45____(feature）impressiverockformations.〖答案〗36.cultural37.wasestablished38.a39.Although##While##Though40.planted41.tourists42.as43.are44.universally45.featuring【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了昆明作為云南省的首府，是中國西南地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化中心。昆明以其溫和的氣候而聞名，全年都是一個(gè)好地方可以參觀。此外，昆明還擁有眾多的花卉和綠色公園，以及其他少數(shù)民族文化的探索基地。同時(shí)，人們還可以參觀云南石林，這是一座自明代以來就被譽(yù)為“世界第一奇觀”的景點(diǎn)，距離昆明120公里?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：昆明是云南省的省會(huì)，是中國西南地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)文化中心。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用culture的形容詞cultural作定語，修飾名詞center，意為“文化的”。故填cultural。【37題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：它與河內(nèi)的鐵路連接于1901年建成。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用動(dòng)詞作謂語，根據(jù)in1901可知，句子表述過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故使用一般過去時(shí)。同時(shí)raillink與establish之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填wasestablished?！?8題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：昆明溫和的氣候使它成為一年中任何時(shí)候游覽的好地方。分析句子，句中place為可數(shù)名詞，空前使用冠詞，此處表示泛指，故使用不定冠詞。good首字母發(fā)音為輔音。故填a?！?9題詳析】考查連詞。句意：雖然夏天炎熱潮濕，但冬天涼爽干燥。分析句子，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是