考研《英語一》甘肅省隴南地區(qū)康縣2023年巔峰沖刺試卷含解析

考研《英語一》甘肅省隴南地區(qū)康縣2023年巔峰沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Fifteenyearsago,ItookasummervacationinLecceinItaly.Afterclimbingupahillforafullviewofthebluesea,Ipausedtocatchmy1andthenpositionedmyselftotakeaphoto.Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehindand2herselfrightinfrontofmy3.Likeme,shewasheretostop,sighandappreciatethescenery.4asIwas,afterabout15minutes,mycamerascanningthesunandreviewingtheshotIwould5take,Iwasupset.ShouldIaskherto6sothatIcouldtakejustonepictureofthelandscape?Sure,Icouldhaveaskedher,butsomething7medoingso.Sheseemedso8inherobservation.Ididn’twanttomesswiththat.Another15minutespassedandIgrewmore9.Thewomanwasstillthere.Idecidedtotakethephoto10.AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkher11inthephotoiswhatmakestheimage12.Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowcomestolifeandbreathes13thiswomanisengagingwithit.Thisphoto,withthe14beautythatunfoldedbeforemeandthewomanwho15it,nowhangsonthewallinmybedroom.Whatwouldshethinkifsheknewthatherfigureiscaptured(捕捉)and16onastrangersbedroomwall?Abedroom,afterall,isaveryprivatespace,inwhichawomanIdon’tevenknowhasbeenkeptforever.Insomeways,shehasbeen17inmyhouse.Perhapsweallliveineachother’sspace.Perhapsthisiswhatphotosarefor:to18usthatweallappreciatebeauty,andthatweallshareacommon19forpleasureandconnection.Thisphotoisareminder,acapturedmoment,anunspoken20betweentwowomen,separatedonlybyathinsquareofglass.1、A．sightB．breathC．wayD．a(chǎn)ttention2、A．plantedB．foundC．lostD．enjoyed3、A．concernB．photoC．viewD．direction4、A．CautiousB．CuriousC．CasualD．Patient5、A．eventuallyB．randomlyC．extremelyD．hurriedly6、A．backawayB．gooverC．movealongD．stayout7、A．caughtB．sentC．gotD．prevented8、A．a(chǎn)nxiousB．contentC．quietD．confident9、A．excitedB．a(chǎn)nnoyedC．worriedD．confused10、A．a(chǎn)nywayB．somehowC．insteadD．indeed11、A．beautyB．behaviorC．determinationD．presence12、A．puzzlingB．disappointingC．interestingD．boring13、A．unlessB．becauseC．a(chǎn)lthoughD．until14、A．strangeB．regrettableC．distantD．unique15、A．ruinedB．createdC．missedD．discovered16、A．protectedB．observedC．frozenD．drawn17、A．hangingB．livingC．shiningD．wandering18、A．promiseB．tellC．convinceD．remind19、A．respectB．planC．desireD．sense20、A．conversationB．resultC．trustD．loveSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Itsoundsalmosttoogoodtobetrue，butanewstudyonsleepingbrainssuggeststhatlisteningtolanguageswhileyousleepcanactuallyhelpyoutolearnthem．Forthestudy，researchersplayedrecordingsofforeignwordsandtheirtranslationstosubjectsenjoyingslow-wavesleep，astagewhenapersonhas1ittleconsciousnessoftheirenvironment．Toensurethattheresultswerenotcompromisedbyforeignlanguagewordsthatsubjectsmayhavehadsomecontactwithatsomepointintheirwakinglives，researchersmadeuptotallynonexistentforeignwords．Whenthesubjectswokeup，theywerepresentedwiththemade-upwordsagainwithouttheirtranslations．Thesubjectswerethenaskedtoimaginewhetherthismade-upwordindicatedanobjectthatwaseithersmallerorlarger．Thisvague(模糊的)wayoftestingtheirunderstandingofthewordsisanapproachthatissupposedtotapintotheunconsciousmemory．Unbelievably，thesubjectswereabletocorrectlyclassifythewordsinthiswayatanaccuracyratethatwas10percenthigherthanrandomchance．That’snotaratehighenoughtohavethemsuddenlycommunicatinginaforeigntongue，butitisenoughtosuggestthatthebrainisstillabsorbinginformationonsomelevel，evenduringsleep．Researchershavelongknownthatsleepisimportantformemory，butpreviouslyitsroleinmemorywasthoughttorelateonlytothepreservationandorganizationofmemoriesacquiredduringwakefulness．Thisisthefirsttimethatmemoryformationhasbeenshowntobeactiveduringsleep．Inotherwords，ourbrainsarelisteningtotheworld，andlearningaboutit，evenwhenourconsciousselvesarenotpresent．Thenextstepforresearcherswillbetoseeifnewinformationcanbe1earnedquickerduringwakefulnessifitwasalreadypresentedduringsleep．Ifso，itcouldforeverchangehowwetrainourbrainstolearnnewthings．Sleeplearningmightbecomeawidespreadpractice．1、Whydidresearchersusesomemade-upwordsinthestudy?A．Toguaranteetheaccuracyofthetestresult．B．Toincreasethedifficultyoftestinginformation．C．Toavoidthesubjectscheatingintheexperiment．D．Totestifourbrainaregoodatlearningsomethingnew．2、Whatwerethesubjectsaskedtodointhestudy?A．Classifywhattheyheardbysize．B．Makeupawordtorepresent“l(fā)arge”or“small”．C．Repeatthewordstheyheardinthesleep．D．Imaginethemeaningsofthemade-upwords．3、Whatconclusiondidresearchersdrawfromthisstudy?A．Sleepisnecessaryforagoodmemory．B．Memoryformationgoesonduringsleep．C．Listeningduringsleepisgoodforourbrain．D．Learninglanguagesinsleephasbettereffects．4、Whatwillbetheresearchers’nextplan?A．Totrainpeoplehowtolearnduringsleep．B．Toprovetheexistenceofunconsciousmemory．C．Todigoutthereasonforunconsciouslearning．D．Tostudytheeffectofsleeplearningonconsciouslearning．Text2AreCoralReefs(珊瑚礁)AdaptingtoClimateChange?Scientistsreportedthatclimatechangemightactuallybehelpingancienttreesthrive(長得健壯).Nowthereseemstobemorepositivenews—thistimeaboutthecoralinouroceanswhosepopulationhasbeenseverelyaffectedinlastfewdecadesbyrisingtemperatures,diseaseandhumancarelessness.Coralreefsasyouprobablyknowarenotjustcolorfulcalciumcarbonate(鈣碳酸鹽)structuresthatprovidesheltertoawonderfulnumberoffish,butalsoacloserelationshiporpartnershipbetweencoralpolyps(珊瑚蟲)andsinglecelledlivingthingscalledzooxanthellae(蟲黃藻).Thecoralpolypsgivethezooxanthellaeahomeandinreturnthelaterprovidethecoralpolypswiththeirvividcolorandfood.Theysupporteachotherinafantasticbalance,onethatisgettingseverelydamagedbytherisingtemperatureswhicharecausingthecoralpolypstorejecttheirzooxanthellaefriends,removingtheircolorandfoodsource.Scientistsestimatethephenomenonofrisingtemperaturescombinedwithdiseasehasdestroyedthecoralreefpopulationbymorethan80%.Itisthereforenowonderthatscientistsallovertheworldarelookingforsolutionstotrytorestorethisallimportantlinktosealife.However,whilehumaneffortslikeplantingthecoralagainhavebeensomewhatsuccessful,theyarenotenoughtoreplaceallthecoralthathasbeendyingduetoclimatechange.Thatisprobablywhyreportsbyvariousresearchersaboutcertaintypesofcoralbeingabletonotonlysurvivethechangingoceanconditions,butalsothriveinit,arebeingmetwithsuchenthusiasm.Themostrecentfindingsshowthatdespitehighertemperaturesthecoralreefsseemtobethriving.Thesefindingsareconsistentwiththelabresearchconductedbythescientistswhotriedgrowingdifferentvarietiesofcoralinwaterswithhighertemperaturetoseehowtheywouldreact.Theyweresurprisedtodiscoverthatmostofthemsurvivedandsomeseemedtoadaptandgrownormally.Encouragedbytheseandothersimilarfindings,moreenergeticspecieshavebeenintroducedtoseeifcoralreefscanberestoredtotheirformerglory.Aprogramisbusyanalyzingtheworld'soceanstofindmorevarietiesthatcanbeusedforthissamepurpose．However,wearenotoutofthewoodsyet!Scientistsarestillnotsurehowtheywouldintroducethesevarietiestoareaswheretheyarenotabundantandmoreimportantlywhattheconsequenceswouldbeonthesurroundingsealife.Hopefully,thecombinationofnewscientificresearchandfewerhumanmistakeswillallowourbeautifulcoraltothriveagain!1、Whichwordcanbeusedtocompletethefollowingrelationship?Coralreefsareabridgebetweencoralpolypsandzooxanthellae.→Coralpolypsandzooxanthellaedependononeanother.→The________betweencoralpolypsandzooxanthellaeissufferingfromseveredamage.A．home B．structureC．balance D．color2、TheunderlinedwordsinParagraph4mean________.A．toallowcoralreefstothriveagainB．tofindmorevarietiesofcoralC．tosurvivethechangingoceanconditionsD．toseehowcoralreactsinhighertemperature3、Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．climatechangehasthesameeffectonbothancienttreesandcoralB．re-plantingthecoralcansolvetheproblemofcoralreefs'decreaseC．variousresearchersareinterestedinthereportsonthechangingoceanconditionsD．thelabresearchhasencouragedscientiststorestorecoralreefstotheirformergloryText3Areportreleasedthismonthfoundthatgroupingchildrenbyabilityisontheriseagain—teachingstudentsingroupsofsimilarabilityhasimprovedachievementsforfastandslowlearnersalike—andwhowouldn’twantbrightkidstobeabletomoveahead?Butformostkids,labels(標(biāo)簽)appliedearlyinlifetendtostick,eveniftheyarewrong.Sortingschoolchildrenbyabilityhaslongbeencontroversial.Insomecountries,especiallyinAsia,school-widetracking(分流)remainsnormal.Childrenaretestedandplacedindifferentschoolsthatdirectthemtowardprofessionalorvocationalcareers.Movementbetweenthetracksisrare.School-widetrackingdecreasedinUSschoolsinthe1960sand1970s.Itneverdiedout,though.Sortingstudentsintoseparatetracksformathataboutjuniorhighschoolagecontinuestobecommon,andotherformsoftrackingpersistaswell.Unliketracking,whichmeanssortingstudentsintoseparateclassrooms,abilitygroupinghappenswithinclassrooms.Whendoneaccordingtothelatestresearch,ithasproventopromoteachievements.Abilitygroupingischangeableandtemporary.Withinclassrooms,studentsmightbedividedintodifferentlearninggroupsdealingwithmaterialsofdifferentlevels.Anystudentswhomasterconceptscanmoveupwardbetweengroups,andthestudentgroupsmightlookdifferentfromsubjecttosubjectandunittounit.Forinstance,astudentwhostandsoutinlanguageartsmightbeatanaverageorslowerlevelinmath.Astudentwhofliesthroughmultiplicationtablesmightneedextrahelpwithfractions.Studentswholaginreadingcanbepulledoutoftheclassroominsmallgroupsforpracticewithatutoruntiltheirreadingimproves.Researchshowsabilitygroupingwithinclasseshasmorepositivebenefitsthantracking.However,thatmustbeweighedagainstthechallengesinvolved.Inmanyregularclassrooms,thedifferencesbetweenstudentabilitylevelsareverybig.Thatpresentschallengesforteachersandlow-performingstudentstoconstantlycomparethemselveswithstudentswhoseemtoflythroughschoolwithease.Therigidabilitygroupsandtrackingofthepastarestillwithusinmanyschools.Likely,labelsareappliedwithmorecautionthaninthebadolddayswhensometeachersgavereadinggroupsnot-so-secretcodenameslike“Bluebirds”,“Robins”,“Crows”and“Buzzards”.Butkidsstillknow.1、Whyisgroupingchildrenbyabilitybecomingpopularagain?A．Becausemostteachersdonotlikeslowerlearners.B．Becausegroupingchildrenshouldbedoneearlyinlife.C．Becauseitisacademicallybeneficialtodifferentlearners.D．Becausefastlearnerscanmoveaheadwithoutteachers’help.2、Bysaying“Movementbetweenthetracksisrare.”inparagraph3,thewriterreallymeans.A．trackingchildrenisnormalinAsiaB．school-widetrackinghasdecreasedinUSC．professionalandvocationalcareersareunrelatedD．sortedstudentscanhardlychangeschools3、Theexamplesinparagraph5areusedmainlytoillustrate.A．a(chǎn)goodlanguagelearnerpromisestobegoodatmathB．a(chǎn)studentmightjoindifferentgroupsfordifferentcoursesC．a(chǎn)bilitygroupingbenefitsgiftedstudentsmorethanslowonesD．a(chǎn)bilitygroupingpresentsnochallengeforthoseslowstudents4、Whatmightbethechallengeinregularclassroomsforteachers?A．Students’differentlevels. B．Students’lowperformance.C．Constantself-comparison. D．Applicationofnot-so-secretcode.Text4TEENSGIVINGisanexcitingyearlyeventwherehundredsofNewYorkCityteensgathertogetherannuallyforaremarkabledayofcommunityservice.Thisyear,TEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016participantswillonceagainbetterNewYorkCityandinfluencethousandsoflives!WhenisTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016?Sunday,April20,2016WhereisTEENSGIVING?AlloverNewYorkCity.Everyonewillmeetatthe92ndStreetY(92ndandLexington)at9:00AMfortheeventkick-off.Then,allTEENSGIVINGvolunteerswillgoacrossthecitytoworkwithourpartneringagencieswheretheywillmakeaHUGEdifferenceandhavefun!WhoparticipatesinTEENSGIVING?Hundredsofteenagersfromaroundthecity.Teenscomefromthe92ndStreetY,variouscityschools,youthgroups,andorganizationsinthearea.Inaddition,manyadultvolunteers(aged21andolder)willdonatetheirtimetoTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016.Whatprojectsdoparticipantsdoattheagencies?Sampleprojectsincludepaintingparkbenches,plantinggardens,visitingandplayingwithpooranddisabledchildren,assistingatanimalshelters,workingatsoupkitchens,deliveringmealsandcelebratingwithfamiliesathomelessshelters.DoIgetanythingforparticipatinginTEENSGIV1NG?Yes!Everybodybenefits!Teenvolunteerswillreceive“6hours”ofcommunityservicecredit,goodtowardshonorsociety,highschoolgraduationandcollegeapplicationrequirements.Adultvolunteerswillbethankedwithalightbreakfast,agiftcertificatefortheirtroubles,andthesatisfactionofhelpingourcity’syouthcontributetotheircommunity.Inaddition,allteenandadultvolunteerswillreceiveacoolTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016T-shirt.Thissoundsawesome!HowdoIregisterforTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016?Interestedteensand/oradultsshoulde-mailtheTEENSGIVINGCoordinatorJoshHymanatjhyman@92Y.org<mailto:jhyman@92Y.org>(subject:TEENSGIVING)toreceivemoreinformationandtoregisterforthisfantasticevent!Teenscanalsocontacttheirschool’sCommunityServiceAdvisor.TEENSGIVINGissponsoredbythe92ndStreetY.1、TEENSGVINGisaneventwhichisheld.A．twiceeveryyearB．everytwoyearsC．onceeveryyearD．fromtimetotime2、Whatcantheteenagersdointhisevent?A．Givethankstotheadults.B．Takegoodcareofanimals.C．CleanthestreetsofNewYork.D．Workforhighschoolsand!colleges.3、AnadultvolunteermaygetforhistimedevotedtoTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016.A．a(chǎn)T-shirtandagiftcertificateB．communityservicecreditandaT-shirtC．a(chǎn)highschoolcertificateandalightbreakfastD．a(chǎn)giftcertificateandcommunityservicecredit4、Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthispassageisto.A．a(chǎn)skreaderstodonatetheiradvicetoTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016B．encouragereaderstoaskmorequestionsaboutTEENSGIVINGC．introduceTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016toreadersD．informreadersofsomefrequentlyaskedquestionsPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)TracyWongisawell-knownChinese-AmericanwriterButherwritingskillwassomethingshepicked1．byherselfShebecameapart-timewriterforIBMafter2．(graduate)fromcollegeThen,writingstorieswas3．(simple)apersonalinterestTracysentthreeofherstoriestoapublisher4．(interest),theyimmediatelysuggestedthatsheputthemtogether5．(make)asingleonelongstoryandpaidTracy$50,000inadvance,whichwasaprettymoneyforanunknownwriterEventhoughTracy’s6．(character)areinteresting,herstoriessometimesleavereadersuneasy:thoseaboutthesupernatural“MymotherbelievedIcouldconnectwiththeafterlifeworld,”shetoldaclosefriend“Sheusedtohavemespeakwithmygrandmother,7．diedmanyyearsago”“CanI?Idon’tthinkIcan,”Tracysaidwithalaugh“ButIdohavemomentswhenthingscometomefornoreason”O(jiān)nce,she8．(wonder)howtocompleteascenesetinancientChinawhenthedoorbellsuddenlyrangItwasaFedExdeliveryman,withacopyofabookonChinesehistory9．camewithoutherhavingorderedit!Thoughshehaspublished10books,TracyhasremainedunchangedbyherfameShelivesinthesamewayshelived27yearsago—althoughina10．(big)houseThere’smoreroomforjoyinherlife—anditwasn’tjustwritingIntheageofthesmartphone,thereseemsnoreasontoaskquestionsabout:theweatherforecast,abusiness’sphonenumberordirections,whichcanallbe1．(easy)foundonGoogle,butveryoftenpeople2．(actual)askthesethingsby3．(make)acallYouranswermayberepliedtowithathank-youe-mailThisisn’tthefirsttimethatgreatchanges4．(take)placeinourmannersduetotechnologyIn5．late1870s,whenthetelephone6．(invent),peopledidn’tknowhow7．(greet)acallerOftenthereisjust8．(silent)AlexanderGrahamBell,theinventor,suggestedthatpeople9．(say)“Ahoy”,butfinally“Hello”wentout,thegreetingusedineverydayface-to-facecommunicationsnowTrytoberespectfulnomatter10．youcommunicatewithJustkeepitinmindthatpolitenessnevergoesoutoffashionSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)RisingthroughstagestorealizeourselvesManymodernpeoplehavetheproblemthattheydon’tknowwhotheyareandwhattheirpurposeis.1、Oncehighschoolseniorsgraduate,theyseemtolosetheiridentity.Theyoncestudiedhard.Butaftertheystopworking,theybegintolosetheirway.InthetheoryoftheHierarchyofNeeds（需求理論）,AbrahamMaslo,putforwardasimilarsituation,whichconsistsofthefivelevelsofaperson’sneed.Thefifthandfinallevelisself-realization,whichiswhereourfinalachievementlies.2、Ithinkself-realizationhasthreemajoraspects.Thefirststageisacceptance,thesecondstageisdiscoveryandthelaststageisperseverance.Acceptanceisthefirststage.Weshouldberemindedthatweareallbornunique,soweallhaveourownstrengthsandweaknesses.Onlywhenweunderstandthese,canwepursuethemorchangethem.3、Oncewe’veacceptedourselves,wecandiscoverwhatweareinterestedinandwhatwewanttobe.4、butindeedweshouldliveforourselves.Sobeforewestartworkingtowardsapurpose,weshouldaskourselves“Isthiswhatwetrulydesire?”and“Isthisgoingtochangethesituationwe’rein?”Thelaststageisperseverance.5、Thosewhocanself-realizearepeoplewhofocusonthethingstheywanttochange.Throughthethreestages,wecouldgainrecognitionofourselves.Andbythispoint,whateverourliveswerelike,wewouldbeabletostandtall,confidentofourselves.A．It’snothingtoamanofperseveranceB．OnlybyacceptanceofthepastcanwechangeitC．ThisisespeciallycommonamongcollegestudentsD．ManypeopletendtogoalongwithsocialexpectationsE.BeingobjectiveandyettolerantisthekeytoacceptanceF.ItistheprocessofknowingourselvesandfindingapurposeG.Exploringourpotentialisn’tgoingtobedoneinashorttimeLoveandFriendshipTheyarebothsomuchrelatedtoeachother.Andbotharesodissi