2019年成人高考專升本-學(xué)士學(xué)位英語(三級(jí))真題解析1

第頁2019年成人高考專升本-學(xué)士學(xué)位英語（三級(jí)）真題解析12019年真題解析〔二〕

PartⅡ

11、Accordingtothepassage，Trautwein'sBostonneighborhood.

A.hadtoovercomeauniqueproblem

B.sufferedfromalong-termproblem

C.createdanewproblemwithoutknowingit

D.sharedaproblemwithothercommunities

12、FreshTruckservesas.

A.aschoolbus

B.agrocerystore

C.asupermarket

D.arestaurant

13、AccordingtoMorgan，theterm“fooddeserts〞.

A.referstoasupplyoffood

B.helpstoidentifytheareasinneed

C.givesaninaccuratedescription

D.failstoincludepracticalsolutions

14、Palmer'sgroupintendsto.

A.educatepeopleonavailablefreshproduce

B.pushformorefavorablefoodpolicies

C.providehealthyfoodataffordableprices

D.opennewgrocerystoresforlocalcommunities

15、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AnOasisonWheels

B.ANutritionWar

C.FoodasaTool

D.FoodDesertsorNot

PassageOne

〔1〕In2011，JoshTrautweinwasworkingasanutritioneducatorinBoston.Helearnedthattheneighborhood'sonlygrocerystorewasclosingforayearofrepair.Thefamilieswerehavingatoughtimefindinganothernearbymarketthatsoldfreshproduce.

〔2〕ResidentsofTrautwein'sBostoncommunityarenotalonewhenitcomestolackingsupermarketsthatsellfreshandhealthyfood.AccordingtotheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture〔USDA〕，17%ofAmericanslivedmorethanhalfamilefromasupermarketin2017.TheUSDAusestheterm“fooddeserts〞todescribeneighborhoodsthatlackaccesstonutritiousfood.

〔3〕Trautweinbegantoimagineanewkindofmarket，anoasis〔綠洲〕forcommunitiesinneed.In2013，heteamedupwithAnnikaMorgantolaunchFreshTruck，aschoolbusthatfunctionsasagrocerystoreonwheels.Now，withtwomobilemarketsontheroad，F(xiàn)reshTruckprovidescommunitiesintheBostonareawithyear-roundaccesstofreshproducesuchasapples，carrotsandeggplantsat17locations.

〔4〕ButMorgansaystheterm“fooddeserts〞doesn'tpaintafullpicture.“Theideaoffooddesertsimpliesthatthereisnofoodaround〞atall，shesays，“wheninrealitytherearealotofbarriersthatpreventaccess."Thesebarriersincludethehighcostoffreshproduceandpeople'slackoffamiliaritywiththeproducethatisavailable.

〔5〕Gettingstateandlocalofficialsenthusiasticaboutfoodissuesisonewaytoremovethesebarriers，saysAnnePalmer.Hergroupcampaignsfortheneedforpoliciesthatconnectpeoplewithhealthyfood.“It'sbeenfuntowatchcommunitiesusefoodasatooltoorganize,〞Palmersays.“Thebestthingaboutanissuelikethisisthatyoucandosomethingaboutit."

11、Accordingtothepassage，Trautwein'sBostonneighborhood.

A.hadtoovercomeauniqueproblem

B.sufferedfromalong-termproblem

C.createdanewproblemwithoutknowingit

D.sharedaproblemwithothercommunities

網(wǎng)校答案：D

網(wǎng)校解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)文章第二段第一句可知，缺乏出售新鮮健康農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的超市并不只是特勞特文所在的波士頓社區(qū)獨(dú)有的問題，其他社區(qū)也有這個(gè)問題，故答案為D。選項(xiàng)A〔必須克服一個(gè)獨(dú)特的問題〕與原文不符，故排除。選項(xiàng)B〔遭受著一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期問題〕屬于無中生有，文中沒有提及是長(zhǎng)期還是短期，故排除。選項(xiàng)C〔制造了一個(gè)新問題，卻對(duì)此毫不知情〕錯(cuò)誤，這個(gè)問題不是社區(qū)制造的，而且居民們知道這個(gè)問題的存在，故排除。

12、FreshTruckservesas.

A.aschoolbus

B.agrocerystore

C.asupermarket

D.arestaurant

網(wǎng)校答案：B

網(wǎng)校解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)文章第三段第二句可知，“鮮貨車〞是由一輛校車改造成的一家位于車輪上的商店，為人們提供新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。故答案為B。

13、AccordingtoMorgan，theterm“fooddeserts〞.

A.referstoasupplyoffood

B.helpstoidentifytheareasinneed

C.givesaninaccuratedescription

D.failstoincludepracticalsolutions

網(wǎng)校答案：C

網(wǎng)校解析：推理題。依據(jù)文章第四段可知，在摩根看來，“食物沙漠〞一詞并沒有描述出全部的情形，也就是不能準(zhǔn)確描述新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品缺乏的狀況，所以“食物沙漠〞這個(gè)詞用得不準(zhǔn)確。故答案為C。

14、Palmer'sgroupintendsto.

A.educatepeopleonavailablefreshproduce

B.pushformorefavorablefoodpolicies

C.providehealthyfoodataffordableprices

D.opennewgrocerystoresforlocalcommunities

網(wǎng)校答案：B

網(wǎng)校解析：推理題。依據(jù)文章最后一段第二句可知，帕爾默的組織倡導(dǎo)制定相關(guān)的政策，使人們能夠獲得健康的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。選項(xiàng)B〔推動(dòng)政府實(shí)施更多有利的食物供應(yīng)政策〕符合文義，故答案為B。選項(xiàng)A〔教育人們多了解可獲得的新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品〕是摩根的觀點(diǎn)，選項(xiàng)C〔提供人們買得起的健康食品〕和選項(xiàng)D〔在當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)新建一些商店〕文中均未提及，故排除。

15、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AnOasisonWheels

B.ANutritionWar

C.FoodasaTool

D.FoodDesertsorNot

網(wǎng)校答案：A

網(wǎng)校解析：主旨題。通讀全文可知，文章開頭提出社區(qū)新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品缺乏的問題，接著引出“鮮貨車〞這一解決方法，隨之講述了不同的人對(duì)這一問題的看法。選項(xiàng)A〔輪子上的綠洲〕

指的是“鮮貨車〞，既可指具體的“鮮貨車〞，又可指代解決問題的辦法，緊扣文章主題。故答案為A。選項(xiàng)B〔一場(chǎng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)之戰(zhàn)〕文中沒有提及，且“War〞夸大了問題，故排除。

選項(xiàng)C〔政策工具——食物〕只是在最后一段提及，作為標(biāo)題則以偏概全，故排除。選項(xiàng)D〔食物沙漠？〕只是對(duì)一個(gè)名詞概念的爭(zhēng)論，不是文章主要內(nèi)容，故排除。

16、Fungiaremostlikelyfoundin.

A.forests

B.labs

C.plants

D.animals

17、Accordingtothepassage，fungiproducetoxicchemicalsinorderto.

A.haveabetterchanceofsurvival

B.radiateunderharshconditions

C.reduceoxidativestress

D.stophumansfrompickingthem

18、Whichofthefollowingisthoroughlystudiedinthelab?

A.Thechemicalreactionsinsidethebottle.

B.Themineralsreleasedbyfungi.

C.Theliquidinsidethebottle.

D.Theproteinsproducedbyfungi.

19、Theexpression“stumbleupon〞〔Para.5〕isclosestinmeaningto“".

A.select

B.discover

C.estimate

D.emphasize

20、Bya“l(fā)otteryticket〞，theauthormostprobablymeans.

A.findingfungidependsonluck

B.usefulfungicanmaketheworldbetter

C.studyingfungiistime-consuming

D.fungiresearchcanbringfinancialreturns

PassageTwo

〔1〕Fungi〔真菌〕aresodifferentfromplantsandanimalsthattheyareuniquebeings.Theyaretheirownkingdom.Theevolutionoffungihasradiatedintosomanydifferentdirections.Thebestestimateisthatthereareasmanyas3.8millionspeciesoffungiworldwide--thoughonlyabout144,000havebeendiscovered，accordingtothisyear'sStateoftheWorld'sFungireport.Newonesarefoundbysearchingforestedareas，collectingsoilsamplesandbringingthesamplesbacktothelabtobestudied.

〔2〕Fungihaveanabundanceofapplicationsthatcanbenefithumankindintheproductionoffoodandalcohol，drugs，biofuels，andsurprisinglythefamouschildhoodtoy：LEGO.Fungicouldevensolveworld'splasticcrisis，scientistssay.Theirnutritionalvalueshouldn'tbeoverlooked，either.Thereareabout350speciesofeatablefungi.WithvitaminDandothernutrients，theycanreduceoxidativestress〔氧化應(yīng)激〕linkedtodiseasessuchascancerandheartdisease.

〔3〕Inthewild，fungiarenotabletomove，sotheycompeteagainstotherfungiorbacteriaforresourcesand，indoingso，producetoxicchemicals.Insomecases，thesechemicalshavebeenusefultohumans.

〔4〕Oncesamplesreachthelaboratory，theyaregrowninsideadishandcutintopieces，whicharethenputintoabottlewithaliquidofnutrientssuchasmineralsandvitaminsandacarbonsourcetohelpthefungigrow.Fungigrowbyreleasingproteinsthatspeedupchemicalreactions，whicharecapturedbytheliquidinsidethebottle，allowingthemtobestudiedindepth.

〔5〕Thousandsoffungiarestudiedbeforeresearchersstumbleupononethatcouldhaveanapplication.It'slikea“l(fā)otteryticket〞，aseachdiscoverycouldturnupsomethingthatcanmakeadifferenceintheworld，somethingthatcanmakeagreenerindustrypossible，andsoon.

16、Fungiaremostlikelyfoundin.

A.forests

B.labs

C.plants

D.animals

網(wǎng)校答案：A

網(wǎng)校解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)文章第一段最后一句可知，新的真菌品種是在搜索林區(qū)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)的，因此真菌最有可能在森林里被發(fā)現(xiàn)，故答案為A。

17、Accordingtothepassage，fungiproducetoxicchemicalsinorderto.

A.haveabetterchanceofsurvival

B.radiateunderharshconditions

C.reduceoxidativestress

D.stophumansfrompickingthem

網(wǎng)校答案：A

網(wǎng)校解析：推理題。依據(jù)文章第三段可知，真菌為了和其他真菌或細(xì)菌爭(zhēng)奪資源，會(huì)釋放有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)，而爭(zhēng)奪資源是為了生存，故答案為A。

18、Whichofthefollowingisthoroughlystudiedinthelab?

A.Thechemicalreactionsinsidethebottle.

B.Themineralsreleasedbyfungi.

C.Theliquidinsidethebottle.

D.Theproteinsproducedbyfungi.

網(wǎng)校答案：D

網(wǎng)校解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，真菌通過釋放加速化學(xué)反應(yīng)的蛋白質(zhì)來生長(zhǎng)，這些蛋白質(zhì)被瓶子里的液體汲取，人們可以對(duì)它們進(jìn)行深入研究。所以被徹底研究的是真菌釋放的蛋白質(zhì)。故答案為D。

19、Theexpression“stumbleupon〞〔Para.5〕isclosestinmeaningto“".

A.select

B.discover

C.estimate

D.emphasize

網(wǎng)校答案：B

網(wǎng)校解析：語義題。此處表示“研究人員在一種可能有應(yīng)用價(jià)值的真菌之前已經(jīng)研究了數(shù)千種真菌〞。研究的目的就是要找到一種有應(yīng)用價(jià)值的真菌，stumbleupon意為“偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)〞。select意為“選擇〞；discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)〞；estimate意為“估計(jì)〞；emphasize意為“強(qiáng)調(diào)〞。故答案為B。

20、Bya“l(fā)otteryticket〞，theauthormostprobablymeans.

A.findingfungidependsonluck

B.usefulfungicanmaketheworldbetter

C.studyingfungiistime-consuming

D.fungiresearchcanbringfinancialreturns

網(wǎng)校答案：A

網(wǎng)校解析：推理題。依據(jù)文章最后一段可知，研究人員在偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)一種可能有應(yīng)用價(jià)值的真菌之前已經(jīng)研究了數(shù)千種真菌。這就像“彩票〔lotteryticket〕〞?？梢娗耙痪渚褪菍?duì)“l(fā)otteryticket〞的解釋，所以這個(gè)“彩票〞指的就是發(fā)現(xiàn)真菌全憑運(yùn)氣。故答案為A。

21、WhodidthemosttomakeCooper'ssecondbirthdaypartyagreatsuccess?

A.FirefightersfromBeaufortFireDepartment.

B.Menfromthebikergroup.

C.Communitymembers.

D.Cooper'sparents.

22、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.About75kidsshowedupatCooper'ssecondbirthdayparty.

B.Cooper'smotherandbrotherwereathissecondbirthdayparty.

C.Thosejoiningthesecondbirthdaypartydidsomebowling.

D.CoopergotaT-shirtfromthefiredepartmentathissecondbirthdayparty.

23、Thephrase“havehimup〞inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto.

A.invitehimasaguest

B.meethimbychance

C.takecareofhim

D.makefriendswithhim

24、OnlyonekidwenttoCooper'sfirstbirthdaypartybecause.

A.Cooperwasnotgoodatmakingfriends

B.otherkidswerebusywiththeirclassesthen

C.Cooperlikedtoplaywithgrown-ups

D.Cooperdidn'tinvitehisclassmates

25、WelearnfromthepassagethatCooperwasthesecondbirthdayparty.

A.disappointedwith

B.satisfiedwith

C.frightenedby

D.angryabout

PassageThree

〔1〕AlittleboyinSouthCarolinagottocelebratehisbirthdaytwice.Afteronlyonefriendshoweduptohisbirthdayparty，thelocalfiredepartmentdecidedtothrowhimanotheron.

〔2〕TheCityofBeaufortFireDepartmentsharedthestoryofapartythefiredepartmentheldforalocalboynamedCooper，whowasdisappointedwhenonlyoneofhisclassmatesshoweduptohis6thbirthdayparty.Butafteracommunitymembergavethelocalfiredepartmentacall，thememberswerequicktocometohisrescue.

〔3〕"Wejumpedonboardandsaidwe'lldowhateverwecantomakesurehehasagreatbirthdayandthatmorethanonechildshowsup,"BeaufortfirefighterRossVezinsays.“Wemadearrangementstopickhimupfromschoolalongwithhismomandbrother，andwebroughthimtoabowlingalley〔保齡球場(chǎng)〕alongwithabikergroup.〞

〔4〕Thefiredepartmentwasalsoabletobringnearly75otherkidsfromschooltocelebratealongsideCooper，whosemother，NicoalaShiflet，saidhehasdifficultymakingfriendsbecausehesuffersfromautism〔自閉癥〕.“Theyhadcakeandpresentsandgottodosomebowling，〞Vezincontinues，addingthatthepartycametobeknownas“CoopersBirthday2.0〞.

〔5〕Fromridinginafiretrucktoseeingthemotorcyclesfromthebikergroupandeveningwelcomedbysomanynewfriends，Cooperlovedhiscelebration.Anditwon'tbethelasttimethatthelittleboygetstohangoutwiththefiredepartmentresponsibleforit.

〔6〕“We'realsogoingtohavehimupnextweek,"Vezinsays.“We'regoingtogivehimafiredepartmentT-shirtandatourofourfirestation."

21、WhodidthemosttomakeCooper'ssecondbirthdaypartyagreatsuccess?

A.FirefightersfromBeaufortFireDepartment.

B.Menfromthebikergroup.

C.Communitymembers.

D.Cooper'sparents.

網(wǎng)校答案：A

網(wǎng)校解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)文章第一段可知，當(dāng)?shù)叵啦块T決定給庫珀舉辦第二次生日派對(duì)，第二段第一句也提到消防局為庫珀舉辦生日派對(duì)。由此可知，消防隊(duì)員們?yōu)閹扃甑牡诙紊张蓪?duì)的成功舉辦付出得最多，故答案為A。選項(xiàng)B〔摩托車車隊(duì)隊(duì)員〕、選項(xiàng)C〔社區(qū)居民〕和選項(xiàng)D〔庫珀的父母〕這三項(xiàng)雖在文章中有所體現(xiàn)，但都沒有消防隊(duì)員們付出得多，故排除。

22、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.About75kidsshowedupatCooper'ssecondbirthdayparty.

B.Cooper'smotherandbrotherwereathissecondbirthdayparty.

C.Thosejoiningthesecondbirthdaypartydidsomebowling.

D.CoopergotaT-shirtfromthefiredepartmentathissecondbirthdayparty.

網(wǎng)校答案：D

網(wǎng)校解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)文章最后一段可知，消防隊(duì)員們準(zhǔn)備下周請(qǐng)庫珀來做客，并且送他一件消防隊(duì)的T恤衫。由此可知，庫珀在他的第二次生日聚會(huì)上并沒有收到消防隊(duì)員送的T恤衫，故答案為D。選項(xiàng)A〔大約75個(gè)孩子參加了庫珀的第二次生日派對(duì)〕、選項(xiàng)B〔庫珀的媽媽和哥哥都參加了他的第二次生日派對(duì)〕和選項(xiàng)C〔那些參加庫珀第二次生日派對(duì)的人打了保齡球〕均與文章內(nèi)容一致，故排除。

23、Thephrase“havehimup〞inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto.

A.invitehimasaguest

B.meethimbychance

C.takecareofhim

D.makefriendswithhim

網(wǎng)校答案：A

網(wǎng)校解析：語義題。依據(jù)文章最后一段可知，消防隊(duì)員們要帶著庫珀參觀消防站。由此可知，消防隊(duì)員準(zhǔn)備邀請(qǐng)庫珀去消防站做客，havehimup意為“邀請(qǐng)他做客〞，故答案為A。選項(xiàng)B〔偶然遇見他〕、選項(xiàng)C〔照顧他〕和選項(xiàng)D〔與他交朋友〕均不符合文章語境，故排除。

24、OnlyonekidwenttoCooper'sfirstbirthdaypartybecause.

A.Cooperwasnotgoodatmakingfriends

B.otherkidswerebusywiththeirclassesthen

C.Cooperlikedtoplaywithgrown-ups

D.Cooperdidn'tinvitehisclassmates

網(wǎng)校答案：A

網(wǎng)校解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)文章第四段第一句可知，庫珀的媽媽說庫珀有自閉癥，因此不善于交朋友，這是導(dǎo)致只有一個(gè)孩子去參加他的第一次生日派對(duì)的原因，故答案為A〔庫珀不善于交朋友〕。選項(xiàng)B〔那時(shí)其他孩子正在上課〕、選項(xiàng)C〔庫珀喜愛和成年人一起玩〕和選項(xiàng)D〔庫珀沒有