高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit2Growingpains課件1

Module1

Unit2

Growingpains1.defendvt.辯解,辯白;防御,保護(hù)教材原句①Theyneverevengavemeachancetodefend

(defend)myself.重點(diǎn)單詞◆單句填空②WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefending

(defend)anindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbag.(2018浙江改編)③Thefemalehormonesalsohelpthebodydefenditself

against/from

somekindsofinfections.(2016四川改編)◆完成句子④Wedon'tknowhowmanypeoplegavetheirlivesin

defence

of

(捍衛(wèi))freedom.⑤Thetravellermayfireatawildbeasttodefend

himself

(保護(hù)

自己)incaseheisattacked.⑥It'snaturalforacountryto

defenditselffrom

against

(保護(hù)自

己免受)othercountries.點(diǎn)撥(1)defendoneself自衛(wèi),為自己辯護(hù)defend...from/against...保護(hù)……免受……的傷害(2)defencen.防御;防護(hù);保衛(wèi)indefenceof為了保護(hù)……[點(diǎn)津]與defend...from...類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)還有:keep/prevent/stop...from...阻止……做……protect...from...保護(hù)……免受……的傷害2.deservevt.值得;應(yīng)得;應(yīng)受教材原句①Theydon'tdeserve

an

explanation

(應(yīng)該得到解釋).◆單句填空②Ithinkyoursuggestiondeservestrying/tobetried

(try).③Theydidn'tdeservetowin

(win).◆句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Weshouldkeepinmindthateveryone'sideasdeserveconsideration.→Weshouldkeepinmindthateveryone'sideasdeserveconsidering

.→Weshouldkeepinmindthateveryone'sideasdeserveto

be

considered

.◆完成句子⑤唐詩(shī)永遠(yuǎn)值得反復(fù)閱讀。TangPoemsdeservereading/deservetoberead

againandagainallthe

time.⑥我認(rèn)為任何好的建議都值得考慮。Ithinkanygoodsuggestiondeservesconsideration/considering/tobe

considered

.點(diǎn)撥deservetodosth.值得做某事deservetobedone/deservedoing值得被做deserveconsideration值得考慮deserveone'srespect值得某人的尊敬[點(diǎn)津]當(dāng)物作主語(yǔ)時(shí),deserve后接doing,主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,相當(dāng)于接動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。need,want,require作“需要”講時(shí)也有類(lèi)似用法。3.insistvi.堅(jiān)持;堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為;堅(jiān)決要求教材原句①Recently,hehasbeenrefusingtodohishomework,andinsteadinsists

on

wastinghistimewatchingDVDsandlisteningtoforeignmusic.◆單句改錯(cuò)②Theyinsistedgoingtothemovieswithus.

在insisted后面加on③Theoldmaninsistedthathecouldbetreatedequally.

去掉could或could→should④Heinsistedthathebethebeststudentinhisclass.

be→was◆單句填空⑤AnassumptionbehindUKinsurancefordriverlesscars,introducedear-lierthisyear,insiststhatahuman“(should)be

(be)watchfulandmon-

itoringtheroad”ateverymoment.(2017天津改編)⑥Hepersistsin

hisbadhabit.點(diǎn)撥insiston(doing)sth.堅(jiān)持(做)某事insistthat...堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為……,堅(jiān)決要求……[聯(lián)想]后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有:一堅(jiān)持(insist),二命令

(order,command),三建議(advise,suggest,propose),四要求(demand,re-

quire,request,ask),外加一個(gè)敦促(urge)。[點(diǎn)津]insistthat:表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí),從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣;表示“堅(jiān)決要求”時(shí),

從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,謂語(yǔ)用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”。[辨析]insist與persist

4.harmvt.&n.傷害教材原句①HowcanIhelpmysonwithoutharming

(harm)ourrelationship?◆用harm,injure,hurt和destroy的適當(dāng)形式填空②Theschoolwascompletelydestroyed

byfire.③Thecourtcasewilldoseriousharm

tomybusiness.④You'llhurt

herfeelingsifyouforgetherbirthday.⑤Beinginjured

inthelegmadeitimpossibleformetowalkasfastas

usual.◆單句填空⑥Herpopular1962bookSilent

Springraisedawarenessofthedangersof

pollutionandtheharmful

(harm)effectsofchemicalsonhumansand

ontheworld'slakesandoceans.(2016課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ改編)⑦Youneedn'tworryandthisexperimentwasharmless

(harm)tothe

animals.點(diǎn)撥

對(duì)某人/物有害;傷害某人/物thereisnoharmindoingsth.=itdoesnoharmtodosth.做某事沒(méi)有什么

壞處harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.無(wú)害的beharmlesstosb./sth.對(duì)某人/物無(wú)害【辨析】damage,destroy,injure,harm和hurt(1)damage可指不同程度的損害、破壞,通常指那種使價(jià)值、有用性和有效性減少的損害;(2)destroy常指毀滅性的破壞;(3)injure可以指對(duì)健康、外表、前景或生活的舒適帶來(lái)反面影響;(4)harm與hurt主要指帶來(lái)痛苦、悲傷、損失或損害。5.forbidvt.禁止(forbade,forbidden)教材原句①Heevenforbidsme

from

chattingwithmyfriendsintheInternet

cafe!◆句型轉(zhuǎn)換考慮到他的學(xué)習(xí),他的爸爸禁止他在微信上聊天。Inviewofhisstudy,hisfatherforbadehim/hischattingonWeChat.②=Inviewofhisstudy,hisfatherforbade

him

to

chat

onWeChat.③=Inviewofhisstudy,hisfatherforbade

him

from

chatting

onWeChat.◆句式升級(jí)④Weareforbiddentoplayonthelawnbelongingtohim.(用it作形式主語(yǔ)

改寫(xiě))It'sforbiddenforustoplay

onthelawnbelongingtohim.點(diǎn)撥forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事It'sforbidden(forsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事是禁止的。[點(diǎn)津]forbid的近義詞是ban和prohibit,ban/prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人

做某事。forbid后常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),這類(lèi)?？紕?dòng)詞還有admit(承認(rèn))、avoid(避

免)、consider(考慮)、deny(否認(rèn))、imagine(想象)、mind(介意)、escape

(避免)等。6.limitn.界限;限制vt.限制教材原句①M(fèi)anyboysbecomerisk-takers—theywanttofindtheirownlimitsand

thelimits

(limit)oftheworldaroundthem,butmaynothavethewis-

domtomakegoodchoicesintheirbehaviour.◆單句填空②Topeoplewhoareusedtothe

limited

(limit)choiceofapplessuch

asGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopener.(2016課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅲ改編)③Wehavehadtosetlimitson

camping,hikingandriverrunning.◆完成句子④Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimit

electronic

reading

(限制電子閱讀).(2018課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ改編)◆句型轉(zhuǎn)換⑤Youshouldlimitthelengthofthearticleto400wordsorso.(改寫(xiě)為被

動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Thelengthofthearticleshouldbelimitedto

400wordsorso.點(diǎn)撥alimitto...……的限度setalimitto/on給……設(shè)定限度limit...to...把……限定在……范圍內(nèi)limitedadj.有限的belimitedto受限于……;被限制在……范圍內(nèi)[聯(lián)想]timelimit時(shí)間限制speedlimit速度限制tothelimit到頂點(diǎn);到最大限度withinlimits在某種程度上;有一定限制upperlimit上限lowerlimit下限besupposedto應(yīng)該……,應(yīng)當(dāng)……教材原句①But,but...youweren'tsupposedtocome

(come)homeuntiltomor-

row!重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)◆單句填空②Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(決定

不參加)ofwhataresupposedto

berequired

(require)vaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.(2017北京改編)③Supposing/Suppose

(suppose)shedoesn'tcome,whatshallwedo?

◆句型轉(zhuǎn)換你本應(yīng)該昨天就把作業(yè)交上的。④Youwere

supposed

to

have

handed

inyour

homeworkyesterday.(besupposedto)⑤Youshould

have

handed

inyourhomeworkyesterday.

(should)⑥You

ought

to

have

handed

inyourhomeworkyes-

terday.(oughtto)點(diǎn)撥besupposedtodosth.應(yīng)該做某事besupposedtohavedonesth.本應(yīng)該做某事(實(shí)際上未做)besupposedtobe...被認(rèn)為是……Isupposeso.我認(rèn)為是這樣。Isupposenot.(=Idon'tsupposeso.)我認(rèn)為不是這樣。suppose/supposing(that)假設(shè);假定[聯(lián)想]表示“本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事(但未去做)”的結(jié)構(gòu)還有shouldhavedonesth.

和oughttohavedonesth.等。1.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)教材原句①Ericrunsinafterit,followed

(follow)byabigdog,walkingvery

slowly.重點(diǎn)句型◆單句填空②

Offered

(offer)animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasachance

tobecomefamous.③

Translated

(translate)intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohavean

entirelydifferentwordorder.④Though

surprised

(surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarm

welcome.⑤Theofficerwalkedoutofthehall,followed

(follow)byagroupof

reporters.◆完成句子⑥Absorbed

in

every

move

ofmine

(專(zhuān)注于我的每一個(gè)動(dòng)作),theforeignstudentswereonceagainamazedbythisuniqueculture.點(diǎn)撥教材原句中的followedbyabigdog為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ),follow

與主語(yǔ)Eric在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。過(guò)去分詞除了作伴隨狀語(yǔ)外,還可以

作方式、條件、時(shí)間和原因狀語(yǔ)等。[點(diǎn)津](1)分詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前和構(gòu)成分詞的動(dòng)詞與句子主

語(yǔ)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系這兩點(diǎn)是選用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)首先要考慮的;(2)確定狀語(yǔ)的類(lèi)型時(shí),要從分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的邏輯

關(guān)系、分詞的位置等入手;(3)過(guò)去分詞不用于作目的狀語(yǔ)和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。2.with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)教材原句①Theroomisinamess,with

pizzaboxesontheflooranddirtydish-

esinthesink.◆單句填空②Withthesemainreasons

in

mind,wecanevaluateourlevelof

angerthroughouttheday.(2018北京改編)③Withnothing

todo

(do),Tomsleepsathome.④Youshouldgotosleepwiththelight

turned

(turn)off.⑤Withwinter

coming

(come)on,it'stimetobuywarmclothes.⑥Withallthethingssheneededbought

(buy),shewenthomehappily.◆句型轉(zhuǎn)換(用with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改寫(xiě)下列句子)⑦TheCollegeEntranceExaminationisdrawingnear,sothestudentsfeel

greatpressure.WiththeCollegeEntranceExaminationdrawingnear

,thestudents

feelgreatpressure.⑧Aftershetookagreatweightoffhermind,shepassedallthetestssuc-

cessfully.

Withagreatweighttakenoffhermind

,shepassedallthetestssuc-

cessfully.點(diǎn)撥“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”有六種情況:(1)with+名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞;(2)with+名詞/代詞+形容詞;(3)with+名詞/代詞+副詞;(4)with+名詞/代詞+不定式;(5)with+名詞/代詞+過(guò)去分詞;(6)with+名詞/代詞+介詞短語(yǔ)。[點(diǎn)津]在with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中,要特別注意賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間的邏輯關(guān)系,

根據(jù)主動(dòng)(現(xiàn)在分詞)、被動(dòng)(過(guò)去分詞)、表示將來(lái)(不定式)等來(lái)選擇正確的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)形式。3.havesth.done使……被……教材原句①Danielhashisarmscrossed

(cross)andlooksupset.◆單句改錯(cuò)②IsthisTVsettheoneyouwishtohaveitrepaired?

去掉it③Whowouldyouratherhavetogotothecinemawithyou?

去掉第一個(gè)to◆單句填空④I'msorryIcan'tgowithyou.Ihavesomeclothestowash

(wash).⑤Thebosshadtheworkersworking

(work)dayandnight.⑥Ihavesomebookstobetaken

(take)tomyroom,wouldyougive

meahand?⑦I'mwritingtoyoutohavemyresumerevised

(revise).點(diǎn)撥“havesth.done”表示“使……被……”,這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)也可以表示個(gè)人遭

遇(通常為不好或不幸的遭遇)。[點(diǎn)津]havesb./sth.doing讓……一直做……h(huán)avesb./sth.do讓……做……h(huán)avesth.todo有某事要做(動(dòng)作由主語(yǔ)發(fā)出,不定式作后置定語(yǔ))havesth.tobedone有某事要做(動(dòng)作不是由主語(yǔ)發(fā)出,不定式作后置定

語(yǔ))