英語演講練習-機器人發(fā)展史(機械工程)

ThehistoryofrobotsBy:LiuYukun ThehistoryofrobotsThefirststage-Theoretical〔理論〕Development(1920-1948) 1920CzechoslovakWritersKarelCapek“LuoSamu‘suniversalrobot〞wasfirstmentionedinRobota(Czech“drudgery,servitude〞)Robotnik(Polish,intendedforthe“workers〞),createa“robot〞istheword. 1942AmericansciencefictionwriterAsimovputforwardthe"ThreeLawsofRobotics." 1948RobertWienerpublished〔發(fā)表〕"Cybernetics",Offeredtothecomputerasthecore〔核心〕ofautomated〔自動化〕factory.ThehistoryofrobotsThreeLawsofRoboticsThefirstrule

Robotmaynotinjureahuman,orsitbackanddonothinghurthumans;

Thesecondrule

Unlesscontrary〔違背〕tothefirstrule,therobotmustobeyhumanorders;

Thethirdrule

Withoutprejudice〔損害〕tothefirstandsecondlaw,therobotmustprotectthemselves. Willrobotcapturethehumanbeing?ThehistoryofrobotsThefirststage-Theoreticalevelopment(1954-1978)1954AmericanGeorgeDvorkincreatetheworld'sfirstprogrammablerobot,andregisteredpatents〔注冊專利〕.

1959DvorkinandAmericaninverntorJosephYingGeBogeinverntthefirstindustrialrobotandfoundarobotcopany-Unimation..industrialrobotThehistoryofrobotsThesecondstage-Technologydevelopment(1954-1978)1962-1963Application〔應用〕ofsensorstoimprovetheoperability〔可操作性〕oftherobot.1965JohnsHopkinsUniversityAppliedPhysicsLaboratorydevelopedtheBeast〔野獸〕robot1969Japan’sWsasedaUniversitydevelopedthefirstrobottowalkwithitsfeet.1978Unimationcompanydevelopedindustrial〔工業(yè)的〕robotPUMAwhichmeanstheindustrialrobottechnologyhasfullymatured〔成熟〕.Cornell〞iswalkingforwardThehistoryofrobotsThethirdstage-Intelligent

roboticsdevelopment

(1984-?)1999SonydemonstratedtheIntelligent

roboticsAIBOThehistoryofrobotsThethirdstage-Intelligent

roboticsdevelopment

(1984-?)2002iRobotcompanyintroducedavacuumcleanerrobotRoomba.2006-6，MicrosoftintroducedMicrosoftRoboticsStudio。Thepurposeofcreatingrobots Thousandsofyearswehumanareburdened〔背負〕byheavylabor〔勞動〕.Andtodaythereisatrend〔趨勢〕forustosolvetheproblemstepbystepsincetherobotwasinvented.ThepurposeofcreatingrobotsDefinition:Implementation〔實現(xiàn)〕oftherobotisautomatic〔自動的〕machinedevice〔設備〕.Itcanaccepthumancommand〔指揮〕,andcanrunapre-arranged〔預先安排的〕program,alsobased〔基于〕ontheprinciples〔原那么〕ofartificial〔人工〕intelligencetechniques〔技術(shù)〕todevelopprogramsofaction.Itsmission〔任務〕istoassistorreplacehumanwork,suchasmanufacturing〔制造業(yè)〕,construction〔建筑〕,ordangerouswork.Classification〔分類〕ofrobotsCivilian〔民用的〕robot:helppeoplelivebetterIndustrialrobot:increasetheefficient〔效率〕ofmanufacture〔生產(chǎn)〕military〔軍事的〕robot:avoiddeathSpecialrobot:dospecialjobsClassificationofrobotsCivilianrobot-helpusdojobineverydaylife.ClassificationofrobotsIndustrialrobot-thecarrierrobotholdLamborghiniintheproductionline.ClassificationofrobotsIndustrialrobot-thecarrierrobotholdLamborghiniintheproductionline.Classificationofrobotsmilitaryrobot:militaryrobothelpthearmytoavoiddeathinbattleandbeattheenemy〔敵人〕efficiently〔有效地〕.EDI-extremedeepinvaderClassificationofrobotsSpecialrobot:forspecialuse.Agriculture〔農(nóng)業(yè)〕.geography.Rescue.Nomanplanetosearchandrescue.ToremaintospaceshipRobotPhotoViewKINDO-KINDORobotPhotoViewAItoyfortoday’schildRobotPhotoViewHumanoid〔仿人的〕RobotbyHondaiswalkingdownstairs.