考研《英語一》甘孜藏族自治州德格縣2023年考前沖刺試題含解析

考研《英語一》甘孜藏族自治州德格縣2023年考前沖刺試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)I’mproudofmyselfforthiskindnessIdidlastnightIdidit1anddidtherightthing.However,Iwasunwillingto2,becausebysharing1amalsosharingthe3andmoreself-centeredsideofmyself.ItwaslastnightandI4myshiftatwork.ItwaslateandIwantedtogostraighthome.OnmywayoutofthedoorI5afellowstaffmemberandcolleague.Shedoesn’thavea6andusuallyeithercatchesataxihomeor7foranhourwaitingfor8staffmemberandfriendofheretofinishwork.InthepastI’ve9todriveherhomeasshe10onmysideoftown.ButlastnightIreallydidnotwantto.Iwantedto11straighthome,alone.AndIdidnothavetomake“smalltalk”.SoItriedto12her,walkingpasther,headingdown,andstealingout(偷溜)tothe13withoutlettingherseemeand14withoutofferingheralift.Yet,somethinginmyselfwasstoppingme.Somethinginmyselfmademe15herandputmyselfinhershoes.Shehadyoung16whoshewantedtogohometoattendtoand,shecouldgohomerightnow17Itookher,notanhourlaterwhentheotherstaffmemberandfriendofherswhowastakingher.SoIoffered.She18.Andofcourse,shewasextremely19.Well,Ilearnedagreat20lastnightaboutnotbeingsoself-centeredandselfish!1、A．nervouslyB．proudlyC．exactlyD．carefully2、A．shareB．remarkC．doD．consider3、A．pleasureB．respectC．honourD．selfish4、A．changedB．keptC．finishedD．missed5、A．noticedB．greetedC．followedD．helped6、A．homeB．choiceC．friendD．car7、A．hangsaroundB．hidesawayC．watchesoverD．calmsdown8、A．eachB．a(chǎn)notherC．eitherD．that9、A．hatedB．happenedC．offeredD．refused10、A．worksB．livesC．playsD．remains11、A．flyB．rideC．driveD．walk12、A．remindB．a(chǎn)voidC．a(chǎn)ttractD．please13、A．workroomB．officeC．playgroundD．park14、A．thereforeB．evenC．howeverD．instead15、A．relyonB．spyonC．lookatD．pointat16、A．neighborsB．petsC．childrenD．friends17、A．sinceB．a(chǎn)lthoughC．a(chǎn)sD．if18、A．a(chǎn)cceptedB．hesitatedC．a(chǎn)pproachedD．urged19、A．reliableB．upsetC．generousD．grateful20、A．giftB．lessonC．treasureD．methodSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Thetonsofplasticwe’redumpingintheoceansisfindinganewhome—thestomachsofourbeautifulmarineanimals.YetanotherreminderofthisfactwashedashoreinEasternIndonesiathisweek.Alargeamountofwaste,includingdrinkingcupsandflip-flops,wasfoundinthestomachofawhalethatdiedoffthecoastnearKapotaIsland.The9.5-metrespermwhale(抹香鯨)wasfoundbyrescuersfromtheWakatobiNationalPark.Thewhalehadswallowed5.9kilogramsofplasticwastecontaining115plasticcups,fourplasticbottles,25plasticbags,andmorethan1,000otherkindsofpiecesofplastic,parkchiefHeriSantosotoldthereporter.“Althoughwehavenotbeenabletodeducethecauseofdeath,thefactsthatweseearetrulyawful,”saidDwiSuprapti,amarinespeciesconservationco-ordinatoratWWFIndonesia.Shesaiditwasnotpossibletodetermineiftheplastichadcausedthewhale’sdeathbecauseoftheanimal’sadvancedstateofdecay(腐爛).Butthisisonlythelatest.FourAsiannations—Indonesia,thePhilippines,VietnamandThailand—accountfor50%oftheplasticwasteintheoceans,accordingtoareportbyenvironmentalcampaignerOceanConservancyandtheMcKinseyCenterforBusinessandEnvironment.ThePhilippinesissecondtoIndonesiawhenitcomestoputtingawayplasticwasteintheoceans,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalScienceinJanuary.Ofthe3.2millionmismanagedwasteitproduceseveryyear,1.29millionendsupintheocean.Areportreleasedearlierthisyearstatedthattheamountofplasticintheoceanislikelytoincrease.1、Whatcanweknowaboutthespermwhale?A．Itsstomachisthehomeofplasticwaste.B．Itdiedofswallowinglotsofplasticwaste.C．Itwasthefirstwhaletoeatplasticwaste.D．Ithadeatenmuchplasticwastebeforeitsdeath.2、Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“deduce”inparagraph3?A．confirm B．causeC．a(chǎn)pprove D．contain3、Whichcountrydumpsthemostplasticwasteintotheoceans?A．Thailand B．IndonesiaC．Vietnam D．Philippines4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Philippinesputsaway1.29milliontonsofplastic.B．AspermwhalewasfounddeadnearKapotaIsland.C．Muchdumpedplasticwastewasfoundinadeadwhale.D．Weshouldtakemeasurestoreducethewasteinwhales.Text2Itsoundsalmosttoogoodtobetrue，butanewstudyonsleepingbrainssuggeststhatlisteningtolanguageswhileyousleepcanactuallyhelpyoutolearnthem．Forthestudy，researchersplayedrecordingsofforeignwordsandtheirtranslationstosubjectsenjoyingslow-wavesleep，astagewhenapersonhas1ittleconsciousnessoftheirenvironment．Toensurethattheresultswerenotcompromisedbyforeignlanguagewordsthatsubjectsmayhavehadsomecontactwithatsomepointintheirwakinglives，researchersmadeuptotallynonexistentforeignwords．Whenthesubjectswokeup，theywerepresentedwiththemade-upwordsagainwithouttheirtranslations．Thesubjectswerethenaskedtoimaginewhetherthismade-upwordindicatedanobjectthatwaseithersmallerorlarger．Thisvague(模糊的)wayoftestingtheirunderstandingofthewordsisanapproachthatissupposedtotapintotheunconsciousmemory．Unbelievably，thesubjectswereabletocorrectlyclassifythewordsinthiswayatanaccuracyratethatwas10percenthigherthanrandomchance．That’snotaratehighenoughtohavethemsuddenlycommunicatinginaforeigntongue，butitisenoughtosuggestthatthebrainisstillabsorbinginformationonsomelevel，evenduringsleep．Researchershavelongknownthatsleepisimportantformemory，butpreviouslyitsroleinmemorywasthoughttorelateonlytothepreservationandorganizationofmemoriesacquiredduringwakefulness．Thisisthefirsttimethatmemoryformationhasbeenshowntobeactiveduringsleep．Inotherwords，ourbrainsarelisteningtotheworld，andlearningaboutit，evenwhenourconsciousselvesarenotpresent．Thenextstepforresearcherswillbetoseeifnewinformationcanbe1earnedquickerduringwakefulnessifitwasalreadypresentedduringsleep．Ifso，itcouldforeverchangehowwetrainourbrainstolearnnewthings．Sleeplearningmightbecomeawidespreadpractice．1、Whydidresearchersusesomemade-upwordsinthestudy?A．Toguaranteetheaccuracyofthetestresult．B．Toincreasethedifficultyoftestinginformation．C．Toavoidthesubjectscheatingintheexperiment．D．Totestifourbrainaregoodatlearningsomethingnew．2、Whatwerethesubjectsaskedtodointhestudy?A．Classifywhattheyheardbysize．B．Makeupawordtorepresent“l(fā)arge”or“small”．C．Repeatthewordstheyheardinthesleep．D．Imaginethemeaningsofthemade-upwords．3、Whatconclusiondidresearchersdrawfromthisstudy?A．Sleepisnecessaryforagoodmemory．B．Memoryformationgoesonduringsleep．C．Listeningduringsleepisgoodforourbrain．D．Learninglanguagesinsleephasbettereffects．4、Whatwillbetheresearchers’nextplan?A．Totrainpeoplehowtolearnduringsleep．B．Toprovetheexistenceofunconsciousmemory．C．Todigoutthereasonforunconsciouslearning．D．Tostudytheeffectofsleeplearningonconsciouslearning．Text3Morethanonebillionyoungpeopleriskdamagingtheirhearingthroughtheoveruseofsmartphonesandotheraudiodevices,theUNwarnedTuesday,proposingnewsafetystandardsforsafevolumelevels.Currently,aboutfivepercentoftheglobalpopulation,orsome466millionpeople,including34millionchildren,sufferfromdisablinghearingloss.Youngpeopleareparticularlylikelytodevelopsuchriskylisteninghabits.Aroundhalfofthosebetweentheagesof12and35,or1.1billionpeople,areatriskdueto“l(fā)ongandsevereexposuretoloudsounds,includingmusictheylistentothroughpersonalaudiodevices,”theUNhealthagencysaid.Inabidtosafeguardhearing,theWorldHealthOrganizationandInternationalTelecommunicationsUnionissuedaninternationalstandardforthemanufactureanduseofaudiodevices.WHOconsidersavolumeabove85decibelsforeighthoursor100decibelsfor15minutesasunsafe.Thesafelisteningdevicesandsystemsstandardcallsfora"soundallowance"softwaretobeincludedinallaudiodevices,totrackthevolumelevelanddurationofauser'sexposuretosound,andtoevaluatetheriskposedtotheirhearing.Thissystemcouldalertauseriftheyhavedangerouslisteninghabits.WHOisalsocallingforparentalaswellasautomaticvolumecontrolsonaudiodevicestopreventdangeroususe.Whilesomesmartphonesandotheraudiodevicesalreadyoffersomeofthesefeatures,theUNwouldliketoseeauniformstandardusedtohelpprotectagainstdisablinghearingloss."Thinkofitlikedrivingonahighway,butwithoutaspeedometerinyourcaroraspeedlimit,"ShellyChadhaoftheWHOtoldreportersinGeneva."Whatwe'veproposedisthatyoursmartphonescomefittedwithaspeedometer,withameasurementsystemwhichtellsyouhowmuchsoundyou'regettingandtellsyouifyouaregoingoverthelimit".1、Whatisthepurposeofproposingnewsafevolumestandards?A．Towarnpeopleofdangerouslisteninghabits.B．Tohelpprotectagainstdisablinghearingloss.C．Topromotethedevelopmentofaudiodevices.D．Topreventthemanufactureanduseofaudiodevices.2、Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“youngpeopleriskdamagingtheirhearingthroughtheoveruseofsmartphones”?A．Inparagraph2. B．Inparagraph3.C．Inparagraph4. D．Inparagraph5.3、Whatdoweknowaboutsafevolumelevelsaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Itissafetolistentomusicunderanycircumstances.B．Itisimportanttokeeptrackoftheriskfortheusers.C．Itisnecessarytohaveusersalertedbytheirparents.D．Itisacceptabletokeepthevolumeat90decibelsfor15minutes.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TurningDowntheVolume.B．MakingGoodUseofSmartphones.C．TheRiseandFallofAudioDevices.D．TheSafetyStandardsforVolumeLevels.Text4Itisquitereasonabletoblametrafficjams,thecostofgasandthegreatspeedofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadarebecominghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenwouldbecomefiercetigersbehindthewheel.Itisallrighttohaveatigerinacage,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanothermatteraltogether.Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcool-headeddriversgreatpatiencetogiveupthedesiretobeatbackwhenforcedtofacerudedriving.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsreducingthepossibilityofquarrellingandfighting.Afriendlynodorawaveofthanksinanswertoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandcalmsonecessaryinmoderntrafficcondition.Butsuchbehaviorsofpolitenessarebynomeansenough.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Typicalexamplesarethedriverwhowavesachildcrossingthestreetatawrongplaceintothepathofoncomingcarsthatmaybenotabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheywantto.Italwaysamazesmethatthehighwaysarenotcoveredwiththedeadbodiesofthesegrannies(奶奶).Anexperienceddriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifdriverslearnttocorrectlyjoinintrafficstreamwithoutcausingtotalblockagesthatgiverisetounpleasantfeelings.Unfortunately,moderndriverscan’tevenlearntodrive.Yearsago,expertswarnedusthatthefastincreaseofthecarownershipwoulddemandmore

give-and-take

fromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.1、Accordingtothepassage,troubleontheroadareoftencausedby____________.A．roadconditions B．thespeedofmodernlifeC．thelargenumberofcar D．thebehaviorofthedrivers2、Inthewriter’sopinion,___________.A．driversshouldshowroadpolitenessproperlyB．stricttrafficrulesarebadlyneededC．unskillfuldriversshouldbepunishedD．driversshouldavoidtrafficjams3、Theunderlinedword“give-and-take”inthepassagemeans__________.A．politenessandimpoliteness B．willingnesstogiveintoeachother’swishesC．offeringhelptoothersasmuchaspossible D．goodmannersandbadmanners4、Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．RoadPoliteness B．TrafficProblemsC．BadMannersontheRoad D．GoodDriversandBadDriverPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)語法填空Summervacation，althoughawelcomereliefforstudents，isaworryingtimeforparentsbecausetheyareafraidtheirchildrencouldbecome1．（addict）tovideogamesduringtheJuly-Augustholiday．The2．（extraordinary）longtimethatstudentsspendonvideogamesis3．dangertonotonlytheirhealthbutalsotheirqualityoflife．Inrecentyears，videogames4．（become）oneofthemostpopularformsof5．（entertain）forchildrenworldwide．Theyhavealsobecomeaseriousformofaddictionformanychildren．Infact，theWorldHealthOrganizationrecentlycategorizedvideogameaddiction6．a(chǎn)mentalhealthdisorder．Addictiontovideogamescanhaveserioushealtheffectsonchildren．Theycanleadtovisualproblems，pooreatingand7．（sleep）habits，socialisolation（孤立），andangerandaggressivebehaviorwhenaskedtostopplaying，8．canbedangeroustoothers．Childrenmayalsohavedifficultymaking9．（friend）．Itistheparents'responsibility10．（limit）theirchildren'saccesstovideogamesandcomputers，becauseitisthechildren'shealthandqualityoflifethatareaffected．WhenIfirstbeganexcavating（挖掘）Iwenttoasite1．hadbeenoccupiedbetween200BCand43ADbytheRomansoldiersIquicklylearnedtherewasanimportant2．(divide)oflaboron“digs”Thosewhowere3．(skill)atdrawingdidtheplansofthesiteand4．resthadtomovevastquantitiesofsoilAsIlookedahead,IrealizedthatIwouldgetvery5．(tire)ifImovedsoilalldaysoIdecidedtojointhegroupdrawingplans6．(lucky)forme,aspearwasfoundinmysectionof“dig”I7．(tell)todrawitinasystematicwayonsquaredmathematicalpaperNomatterhowmuchIwrinkledmyforeheadandconcentrated,IcouldnotgetitrightLaterthesectionleaderhandedmeasmallhammerandaskedmetoremovethesoil8．(stick)aroundametalboxWhatIfinallyexposedwasarareRomannecklaceinit,IfeltdizzywithexcitementAfterthatInevermind9．(move)soil—afterallyouneverknew10．youmightfindinitSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Informalconversationisanimportantpartofanybusinessrelationship.1、LatinAmericansenjoysharinginformationabouttheirlocalhistory,art,andcustoms.Theyexpectquestionsabouttheirfamilyandaresuretoshowpicturesoftheirchildren.TheFrenchthinkofconversationasanartform.2、Forthem,argumentscanbeinteresting---andtheycancoverprettymuchoranytopic---aslongastheyoccurinarespectfulandintelligentmanner.IntheUnitedStates,businesspeopleliketodiscussawiderangeoftopics,includingopinionsaboutwork,family,hobbies,andpolitics.3、Theydonotsharemuchabouttheirthoughts,feelings,oremotionsbecausetheyfeelthatdoingsomighttakeawayfromtheharmoniousbusinessrelationshipthey’retryingtobuild.MiddleEasternersarealsoprivateabouttheirpersonallivesandfamilymatters.Itisconsideredrude,forexample,toaskabusinessmanfromSaudiArabiaabouthiswifeorchildren.4、Thiscangetyouintotrouble,evenintheUnitedStates,wherepeopleholddifferentviews.Sportsistypicallyafriendlysubjectinmostpartsoftheworld,althoughbecarefulnottocriticizeanationalsport.5、A．Instead,befriendlyandpraiseyourhost’steam.B．YoumayfeelfreetoaskyourLatinAmericanfriendssimilarquestions.C．Beforeyoustartadiscussion,however,makesureyouunderstandwhichtopicsaresuitableinaparticularculture.D．InJapan,China,andKorea,however,peoplearemuchmoreprivate.E.Inaddition,discussingone’ssalaryisusuallyconsideredunsuitable.F.Theyenjoythevalueoflivelydiscussionsaswellasdisagreements.G.Asageneralrule,it’sbestnottotalkaboutpoliticsorreligionwithyourbusinessfriends.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtopreparefortheSATorACTPlanyourstudyYouwillneedatleast6-8weeksofpreparationtime.1、.—Therefore,itisbettertowork