2023-2024學(xué)年度北師大版選擇性必修四Unit10Connections學(xué)案

2023-2024學(xué)年度北師大版選擇性必修四Unit10Connections學(xué)案目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航重點(diǎn)詞匯1．theoryn．學(xué)說，理論2．chainn.一連串，一系列；鏈子，鏈條3．networkn.人際關(guān)系網(wǎng)，聯(lián)絡(luò)網(wǎng)；網(wǎng)絡(luò)，網(wǎng)狀系統(tǒng)4．parceln.包裹，郵包5．releasevt.&n.發(fā)表，發(fā)布；釋放6．bimonthlyadj.兩月一次的；一月兩次的7．phrasen.成語，習(xí)語，警句8．clinicn．診所，(醫(yī)院)門診部9．galleryn.美術(shù)館，畫廊10．groceryn.食品雜貨；超級市場11．stadiumn.體育場，運(yùn)動(dòng)場12．bakeryn.面包烘房，糕餅店13．cafeterian.(工廠、學(xué)校等的)自助餐廳，食堂14．canteenn.(工廠、學(xué)校等的)食堂，餐廳15．suburbn.郊區(qū)，近郊，城郊16．forumn.(互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的)論壇，討論區(qū)；討論會，電視專題討論節(jié)目17．conflictn.抵觸，沖突，矛盾18．frictionn.不和，沖突，摩擦19．disturbvt.干擾，打擾，使中斷20．closely－knitadj.緊密連結(jié)在一起的21．householdn.一家人，同住一棟房子的人22．outskirtsn.市郊，郊區(qū)，遠(yuǎn)離城市中心的地區(qū)23．bondn.紐帶，聯(lián)系24．stiffadj.挺的，硬的，不易彎曲的25．claspvt.握緊，抱緊n.緊握，緊抱26．proceedvi.繼續(xù)進(jìn)行，繼續(xù)做27．revealvt.揭示，揭露；展現(xiàn)，顯露28．tear－stainedadj.有淚痕的29．orphann.孤兒30．sighn．&vi.嘆息，嘆氣31．despairn.絕望32．daren．&vi.膽敢，敢于33．bareadj.空的，無裝飾的；赤裸的，裸露的34．shivern．&vi.顫抖，哆嗦，發(fā)抖35．bonen.骨頭；骨質(zhì)物36．sobn．&vi.&vt.抽噎，啜泣；哭訴37．pillown.枕頭38．divevi.撲向，急沖進(jìn)；跳水，潛水39．frownvi.皺眉40．republicn.共和國41．loann.貸款42．debtn.債務(wù)，欠款43．documentn.公文，文件詞匯拓展1．impressvi.&vt.使……有印象；使銘記，使記??；使感動(dòng)→impressionn．印象，感想→impressiveadj.給人深刻印象的2．sociologyn．社會學(xué)→sociologistn．社會學(xué)家3．randomadj.隨機(jī)的，隨意的→randomlyadv.任意地；隨機(jī)地；胡亂地4．intervenevi.干涉，干預(yù)→interventionn．干涉，干預(yù)5．disagreevi.不同意；不一致→disagreementn．意見不合，分歧，爭論6．envyvt.羨慕，妒忌→enviousadj.羨慕的；嫉妒的7．encouragevt.鼓勵(lì)，慫恿；激勵(lì)→encouragementn．鼓勵(lì)，鼓舞，起激勵(lì)作用的事物→encouragingadj.令人鼓舞的；鼓勵(lì)的8．a(chǎn)pologisevi.道歉，謝罪→apologyn．道歉；辯解9．a(chǎn)dditionn．相加，增加物；加，加法；增加的人或事物→additionaladj.附加的；額外的；外加的→additionallyadv.除此之外，此外10．frequentadj.頻繁的；經(jīng)常的→frequentlyadv.經(jīng)常地，頻繁地→frequencyn．頻率；頻繁11．consequencen．后果→consequentadj.隨之發(fā)生的；作為結(jié)果的→consequentlyadv.因此；結(jié)果；所以12．a(chǎn)doptvi.&vt.收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)；采取某種方法、政策、態(tài)度→adoptedadj.收養(yǎng)的，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的→adoptiveadj.采用的；有收養(yǎng)關(guān)系的→adoptionn．采用；收養(yǎng)13．freezevi.&vt.呆?。煌蝗煌Ｖ?；(使)結(jié)冰，(使)凍結(jié)→freezingadj.結(jié)冰的；極冷的→frozenadj.凍結(jié)的14．a(chǎn)mazevt.使吃驚→amazingadj.令人驚異的→amazedadj.大為驚奇的，驚訝的→amazementn．吃驚，驚奇15．investigatevi.&vt.查明，調(diào)查，偵探→investigationn．調(diào)查；調(diào)查研究16．resoluteadj.堅(jiān)決的；果斷的→resolutelyadv.堅(jiān)決地，堅(jiān)定地→resolutionn．解決；決心17．a(chǎn)ppealvi.有吸引力vi.&vt.呼吁，懇請；上訴→appealingadj.吸引人的；動(dòng)人的18．empiren．帝國；帝王統(tǒng)治，君權(quán)→emperorn．皇帝19．sorrown．悲傷，悲痛；不幸→sorrowfuladj.悲傷的，傷心的20．forgivevt.原諒，寬恕→forgivenessn．原諒，寬恕21．interruptvi.&vt.打斷(某人的)講話，中斷(某人的)行動(dòng)，打擾→interruptionn．中斷；干擾22．legaladj.法律的；法律允許的，合法的→illegaladj.非法的；違法的重點(diǎn)詞組1．referto提到；談到；查閱；參考；涉及；指的是2．beconnectedto與……有聯(lián)系，與……有關(guān)聯(lián)3．nomorethan只是；僅僅；不多于4．bebasedon根據(jù)，以……為基礎(chǔ)5．mostrecently最近6．thinkabout考慮7．dueto由于；因?yàn)?．a(chǎn)fterall畢竟；終究9．believein信仰；信任10．hangout閑待，廝混11．comeup發(fā)生；走近；發(fā)芽；被提出12．geton/alongwith與……相處13．sortout挑選出；分類14．fromthenon從那時(shí)起15．be/getinvolvedin卷入，參與16．ratherthan而不是17．consistof由……組成；由……構(gòu)成18．burstinto突然……起來；闖入19．inamazement驚訝地，吃驚地20．leave...alone不打擾；不干涉；不管，不過問21．sendoff寄出；派遣；給……送行22．decideon決定；選定23．pickup撿起；接收(信號)；(無意中)學(xué)會24．a(chǎn)widevarietyof種種，多種多樣的25．a(chǎn)ppealto呼吁；上訴；對……有吸引力26．participatein參加27．keepaneyeon照看；留意；密切注視28．setup建立29．inreturnfor作為……的報(bào)答知識精講知識精講1conflictn．抵觸，沖突，矛盾vi.抵觸，沖突Thegovernmenthasdonenothingtoresolvetheconflictovernurses'pay.政府未采取任何措施來解決護(hù)士工資問題引發(fā)的沖突。[知識拓展]inconflictwith... 與……沖突/矛盾comeintoconflictwithsb. 與某人發(fā)生矛盾/沖突conflictwith 與……沖突2disagreementn．意見不合，分歧，爭論Thereisdisagreementamongarchaeologistsastotheageofthesculpture.考古學(xué)家在這尊雕塑的年代問題上意見不一。[知識拓展](1)disagreewithsb.(on/about/oversth.) (就某事)與某人意見不合disagreewith(doing)sth. 不贊成(做)某事disagreewithsth. 與某事物不符/不一致disagreewithsb. (食物、氣候等)不適合某人(2)agreewith 同意某人的看法；(氣候、食物等) 適宜；與……一致agreeto 同意計(jì)劃、安排、建議等agreeon 就……達(dá)成一致3envyvt.&n.羨慕，嫉妒Quiteafewschoolmatesenviedandadmiredherforhergoodlookandintelligence.不少同學(xué)嫉妒她的美貌和才華。[知識拓展]envysb.sth. 羨慕某人……outofenvy 出于嫉妒betheenvyof... 成為……嫉妒/羨慕的對象withenvy 羨慕地；嫉妒地4encouragementn．鼓勵(lì)，鼓舞；起激勵(lì)作用的事物Withalittleencouragementfromhisparentsheshoulddowell.只要父母給點(diǎn)鼓勵(lì)，他應(yīng)該會干得很好。[知識拓展](1)encouragevt. 激勵(lì)，鼓舞encouragesb.todosth. 激勵(lì)某人做某事(2)encouragedadj. 受到鼓舞的encouragingadj. 令人鼓舞的5hangout閑待，廝混(教材原句P107)ThelastpersonItookaphotoofwasmysisterDaisywhenwewerehangingoutlastweekendatthepark.上個(gè)周末我們在公園閑逛的時(shí)候，我最后一個(gè)拍照片的人是我妹妹黛西。Idon'talwayswanttohangoutwiththegroup.我可不想總是和這群人混在一起。[知識拓展]hangon 緊緊抓??；稍等hangontosth. 抓住某物hangup 掛斷電話hangaround 閑逛6disturbvt.干擾，打擾，使中斷(教材原句P107)...anditwasreallydisturbingus.……這真的讓我們很不安。Idreamabouthim，dreamssovividthattheydisturbmefordays.我?guī)状螇粢娏怂?，夢境如此逼真，我好幾天都心神不寧。[知識拓展]disturbingadj. (事物等)引起煩惱的；令人不安的disturbedadj. 心煩意亂的；不安的7apologisevi.道歉，謝罪(教材原句P107)...andtheyapologisedandsaidtheywouldmakelessnoisefromthenon.……他們道歉說，從那時(shí)起他們會減少噪音。ImustapologisethatifIoffendedyouIdidn'tmeanto.我必須向您道歉，如果冒犯了您，我不是有意的。[知識拓展](1)apologisetosb.for(doing)sth.因?yàn)?做)某事向某人道歉(2)apologyn. 道歉，認(rèn)錯(cuò)，愧悔make/offeranapologytosb.for(doing)sth.為(做)某事向某人道歉8referto查閱；參考；談到；指的是(教材原句P8)“SixDegreesofSeparation”referstothetheorythatanypersononEarthcanbeconnectedtoanyotherpersonthroughachainofnomorethanfiveotherpeople.“六度分隔”理論說的是地球上任何人都可通過不超過另外五個(gè)人與一個(gè)陌生人聯(lián)系起來。Imentionthispointnowinpassingandshallrefertoitagain.這一點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在順便提一下，以后還會講到。[知識拓展](1)refersb./sth.tosb./sth. 讓找……處理；讓……找/查referto...as... 把……稱為……(2)referencen. 參考，查閱；提及9impressionn．印象，感想(教材原句P8)TheHungarianauthorFrigyesKarinthypublishedabookcalledEverythingIsDifferentin1929，inwhichheintroducedtheideaoffriendshipnetworksandhisideasinfluencedmanyofourearlyimpressionsofsocialnetworks.匈牙利作家弗里吉斯·考林蒂在1929年出版了一本名為《一切皆不同》的書，書中介紹了朋友關(guān)系網(wǎng)的概念，許多早期關(guān)于社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的構(gòu)想都受到他思想的影響。HistriptoIndiamadeastrongimpressiononhim.他的印度之行對他的觸動(dòng)很大。[知識拓展](1)haveanimpressionofsth./doingsth.對(做)某事有印象makeanimpressiononsb. 給某人留下印象makenoimpressionon 對……無影響/效果givesb.afavorableimpression 給某人留下好印象(2)impressv. 留下印象impresssth.on/uponone'smind 把……牢記在心上10強(qiáng)調(diào)句(教材原句P9)Itwasthisresearchthatinspiredthephrase“SixDegreesofSeparation”．正是這項(xiàng)研究啟發(fā)了“六度分隔”這一說法。句式分析：本句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語thisresearch。ItwasinMaythatyoucanseethiskindofflower.你在五月可以看到這種花。ItwasherEnglishteacherthatthegirlloves.這女孩愛的是她的英語老師。[知識拓展](1)強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的陳述式為“Itis(was)＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that(who)...”。該結(jié)構(gòu)可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)主語、賓語、狀語等，但不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞。該句式中用that或who的區(qū)別是：當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是指人時(shí)，用that或who均可；當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分不是指人時(shí)，則只能用that(注意不用which)。(2)一般疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)就是將be提到句首，即使用“Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who...”。特殊疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)句型為“疑問詞(Who/What/When/Where/Why/How)＋is/wasitthat...”。11additionallyadv.除此以外，此外(教材原句P108)Additionally，therewasverylittlecrime.此外，犯罪率很低。YoucanpaybillsovertheInternet.Additionally，youcancheckyourbalanceororderstatements.你可以在網(wǎng)上支付賬單。此外，你還能查對余額或訂貨結(jié)算單。[知識拓展](1)additionn． 相加；增加物；加法inaddition 另外，此外inadditionto 除……以外(2)additionaladj. 增加的，額外的；另外的12frequentlyadv.經(jīng)常地；頻繁地(教材原句P108)Theyvisitedeachotherandfrequentlyorganisedcommunitycelebrations.他們互相拜訪，經(jīng)常組織社區(qū)慶祝活動(dòng)。Bythistimeshewasinherninetiesandneededhelpmoreandmorefrequently.到這個(gè)時(shí)候她已經(jīng)90多歲了，越來越頻繁地需要幫助。[知識拓展]frequentadj. 時(shí)常發(fā)生的，頻繁的，常見的frequencyn. 頻繁，頻率13consequencen．后果(教材原句P108)Well，theconsequencesofthechangefollowedquickly.嗯，變化的結(jié)果很快就發(fā)生了。Thisdecisioncouldhaveseriousconsequencesfortheindustry.這項(xiàng)決定可能對該行業(yè)造成嚴(yán)重后果。[知識拓展](1)asaconsequence＝inconsequence 結(jié)果，因此asaconsequenceof＝inconsequenceof 由于；因?yàn)椤木壒蔭nswerfortheconsequences 對后果負(fù)責(zé)take/suffer/beartheconsequences 承擔(dān)后果beofnoconsequence(tosb.) 對……無關(guān)緊要(2)consequentadj. 結(jié)局的，由某事物引起consequentlyad 因而，所以14adoptvi.&vt.收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)；采取某種方法、政策、態(tài)度(教材原句P14)Theyapplytoadoptaboyfromanorphanageastheyneedhelpontheirfarm.他們申請領(lǐng)養(yǎng)一個(gè)孤兒院的男孩，因?yàn)樗麄兊霓r(nóng)場需要幫助。Aftermuchdeliberation，thepresidentdecidedtoadopthersuggestion.總經(jīng)理經(jīng)過再三考慮后，決定采納她的建議。[知識拓展](1)adoptanidea/aplan 采納意見/計(jì)劃adoptachild 領(lǐng)養(yǎng)孩子(2)adoptionn. 采納，采用，過繼adoptedadj. 收養(yǎng)的，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的；外來的adoptedwords 外來詞15freezevi.&vt.呆?。煌蝗煌Ｖ梗?使)結(jié)冰，(使)凍結(jié)(教材原句P14)...shefrozeinamazement.……她驚呆了。Tendegreesoffrosthadfrozenthelockonthecar.零下十?dāng)z氏度把轎車上的鎖凍住了。[知識拓展](1)freezetodeath (把某人)凍死(2)freezingadj. 冰冷的；極冷的below/abovefreezing 冰凍以下/上thefreezingpoint 冰點(diǎn)freezingcold 極冷(3)frozenadj. (河、湖等)結(jié)冰的；冷凍的，冷藏的16burstintotears突然大哭(教材原句P14)I'mgoingtoburstintotears!我馬上就要哭出來了！Sheburstintotearsandranfromthekitchen.她突然哭起來，跑出了廚房。[知識拓展](1)burstinto＋n. 突然(開始做某事)burstoutdoing 突然出現(xiàn)；突然發(fā)生burstintolaughter＝burstoutlaughing 突然大笑起來burstintotears＝burstoutcrying 突然大哭起來(2)burstforth 突然爆發(fā)，冒出burstin(on/upon) 突然插嘴，打擾，突然闖入17investigatevi.&vt.查明，調(diào)查，偵查(教材原句P15)You'llhavetostayhereuntilweinvestigatethisaffair.在我們搞清楚這件事之前，你先待在這兒。Thisisnotthefirsttimehehasbeeninvestigatedbythepoliceforfraud.這不是警方第一次調(diào)查他是否有欺詐行為。[知識拓展](1)investigatorn． 調(diào)查員(2)investigationn. 調(diào)查underinvestigation 在調(diào)查中carryoutinvestigation 開展調(diào)查makesocialinvestigation 進(jìn)行社會調(diào)查18thereisnoneedtodosth....(教材原句P14)Well，well，there'snoneedtocrysoaboutit.好啦，好啦，沒必要為這事兒哭成這樣。句式分析：本句中的thereisnoneedtodosth.屬于存現(xiàn)句。Thereisnoneedforyoutogetupearlytomorrow.你明天不必早起。Everythingisfinewithme，thereisnoneedforyoutobeconcerned.這里一切都好，不用牽掛。[知識拓展]存現(xiàn)句的?？季湫瓦€有：Thereisnodoubtthat... ……不容置疑/毫無疑問Thereisnopoint/senseindoingsth. 做某事毫無意義19with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(教材原句P15)Midwaybetweentableandbedwasthewindow，withanicywhitecurtainoverit．桌子和床的中間有一扇窗，窗上掛著一塊冰白色的窗簾。句式分析：本句中的withanicywhitecurtainoverit是“with＋n.＋介詞短語”構(gòu)成的with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。Shesaidgood-byewithtearsinhereyes.她含著眼淚說了聲再見。Themanwasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.這個(gè)人頭枕著胳膊睡著了。[知識拓展]除了“with＋n.＋介詞短語”外，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)還有以下結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)with＋n.＋形容詞(2)with＋n.＋副詞(3)with＋n.＋現(xiàn)在分詞(4)with＋n.＋過去分詞(5)with＋n.＋動(dòng)詞不定式語法語法精講過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)[觀察例句]1．Aftertheaccident，theinjuredweretakentohospital.2．Theclassroomwascleanedbyusyesterday.3．Bythetimehegottotheschool，thefirstperiodhadbeenfinished.4．Hesaidtheproductioncostshadbeenreduced.5．AnotherbridgewasbeingbuiltovertheChangjiangRiverthen.[歸納用法](一)一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1．一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成表示過去經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性被動(dòng)動(dòng)作或過去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生的被動(dòng)性動(dòng)作。主語(動(dòng)作承受者)＋was/were＋過去分詞(＋by＋施動(dòng)者)構(gòu)成。2．一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示過去經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性被動(dòng)動(dòng)作或過去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生的被動(dòng)性動(dòng)作。Thisbridgewasbuiltlastyear.這座橋是去年建的。Volleyballwasoftenplayedinthisplayground.這個(gè)操場上過去經(jīng)常有人打排球。(二)過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1．過去完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)有以下三種形式：(1)肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋hadbeendone＋其他成分(2)否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋hadnotbeendone＋其他成分(3)疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：had＋主語＋beendone＋其他成分；疑問詞＋had＋主語＋beendone＋其他成分2．過去完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法(1)表示過去某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，常與by，before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用。Theclassroomhadn'tbeencleanedbeforetheteachercame.(2)在told，said，knew，heard，thought等動(dòng)詞之后的賓語從句中，若表示過去某一被動(dòng)動(dòng)作時(shí)，用過去完成時(shí)。Theboywasremindedthathishomeworkhadnotbeenhandedin.(3)根據(jù)語意可以判斷出動(dòng)作先后的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，用過去完成時(shí)。Astheassignmenthadbeendone，hewentontosearchtheInternet.另：當(dāng)從句由after，before，when或assoonas引導(dǎo)時(shí)，主句和從句都可以用一般過去時(shí)。Theylockedthedoorbeforetheyleft.(三)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1．過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的概念表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行或者發(fā)生的被動(dòng)性的動(dòng)作。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：was/were＋being＋動(dòng)詞的過去分詞Theywereplantingtreesatthistimeyesterday.(主動(dòng)語態(tài))Treeswerebeingplantedbythematthistimeyesterday.(過去進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài))2．過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成(1)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的肯定式為：was/were＋being＋done。Computerwasbeingmajoredbyhimduringhiscollege.他那時(shí)正在大學(xué)學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)。(2)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的否定式為：was/were＋not＋being＋done。Thecarwasn'tbeingrepairedbymethen.那時(shí)這輛車不是我修理的。(3)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的一般疑問句需將was/were提到主語的前面。(回答是用yes或no)Wasanewlibrarybeingputupintheirschooljustthen？他們學(xué)校當(dāng)時(shí)正在建一座新圖書館嗎？(4)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊疑問句為：疑問詞＋was/were＋(主語)＋being＋done。Whatwasbeingdonetothemachine？對這臺機(jī)器采取了什么措施？3．過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法(1)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示過去正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。Hewasbeinginterviewedbyourheadmasterthen.那時(shí)他正在接受我們校長的采訪。(2)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般不與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語或表示次數(shù)的狀語連用，這時(shí)需要用完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Thehouseovertherehasbeenbuiltfortwomonths.(3)少數(shù)及物動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃、安排將要承受某個(gè)動(dòng)作。Somerockmusicisbeingplayedbythemnext.下面將由他們演奏一些搖滾音樂。單句語法填空①M(fèi)anytrees(plant)inourschoollastmonth，whichmadeourschoolmorebeautiful.②Manyforeignfilms(show)onTVsincelastmonth.③Shetoldmethatshe(dismiss)byherboss.④Theboy(operate)onwhenhisparentshurriedtothehospital.【答案】1.wereplanted2.havebeenshown3.hadbeendismissed4.wasbeingoperatedⅠ.單句語法填空1．Howmanybuildings(destroy)whenthehurricaneended?2．Intheearlyperiodofthe17thcentury，Chinesetea(export)toEurope.3．Themediareportedmorethan1，000people(kill)intheearthquake.4．Somenotes(pass)uptothespeaker.5．Thecollege(build)atthistimelastyear.6．Thebookwhichhadbeenlostwasfoundand(return)tothelibrary.7．Thehouse(paint)whenwearrivedathishome.8．Trees(plant)herethistimelastyear.【答案】1.hadbeendestroyed2.wasexported3.hadbeenkilled4.werepassed5.wasbeingbuilt6.wasreturned7.wasbeingpainted8.werebeingplantedⅡ.短文語法填空ItwasthenightbeforeChristmas.Thesnow1.(fall)foraweek，andtheentiretown2.(cover)withsnow.Ineveryhouse，thechildrenhadalreadygonetobed，3.theydreamedaboutnewtoys.Theirparentswerestillawake.Presents4.(take)outoftheirhidingplace，and5.(wrap)withpaperandbows.I6.(scold)fornotfinishingmyhomeworkwhenaloudnoisecame.Werushedoutofthehouseandfoundacarcrashedintoabigtree.Thedriver7.(trap)inthecar.Wecalled8.anambulanceatonceandtried9.(get)thedriveroutofthecar.Finally，theambulancearrivedandthedriver10.(sent)tothehospital.【答案】1.hadbeenfallen2.wascovered3.where4.weretaken5.werewrapped6.wasbeingscolded7.wastrapped8.for9.toget10.wassent寫作園地寫作園地故事類本單元寫作項(xiàng)目是寫一篇新聞報(bào)道，屬于記敘文寫作范疇。[基本框架]開頭(thebeginning)——引出故事主體(themiddle)——具體過程結(jié)尾(theending)——自我感受[常用詞塊]1．putonmanyperformances舉辦了許多場演出2．focusontheenvironmentprotection注重環(huán)境保護(hù)3．raisedourawarenessofprotectingourearth提高了我們保護(hù)地球的意識4．makeoursocietyaharmoniousworld使我們的社會成為一個(gè)和諧的世界5．haveaheateddiscussionabout對……進(jìn)行了熱烈討論6．contributealottoourproject對我們的項(xiàng)目有很多貢獻(xiàn)[常用語句]★精彩開頭1．Onthemorningof...，Chinasuccessfullysentup...2．Manycountriesaroundtheworldsenttheircongratulations.★豐滿主體1．Upontheirarrival，LiYueandZhangHuawerewarmlywelcomed，andrespectfully，theypresentedtheelderlywithflowersandfruits.2．Whenitwastimeforthevolunteerstoleave，theelderlypeoplethankedthemfortheirkindness.★余味結(jié)尾1．Itishightimethattheauthoritiesconcernedtookproperstepstosolve...2．Ibelievewecancertainlyovercomethedisasterwiththepublicandthegovernmentworkingtogether.例文假定你是李華，你校于上周舉辦了有關(guān)中國古典音樂的音樂節(jié)。請你為校英語報(bào)寫一篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：1．活動(dòng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及參加人員；2．活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；3．活動(dòng)反響。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。AChineseClassicalMusicFestivalLastweek，ourschoolheldaChineseclassicalmusicfestivalintheconcerthalltopromoteChinesetraditionalculture.Allthestudentsparticipatedinit.Duringthefestival，classicswereplayedbyChineseclassicalinstruments，suchaserhuandChinesezither，wereamazing，amongwhichHighMountainandFlowingWaterdrewthemostattention.Also，whatinterestedthestudentsmostwasthatanopportunitywasprovidedtolearntheseinstrumentsfromsomeexperts.Thefestivalisagreatsuccess.Alltheteachersandstudentshaverealizedthatweshouldberesponsibleforinheritingandpopularizingourtraditionalculture.練習(xí)假定你是李華，上周你校舉辦了主題為“把握今天(SeizingToday)”的英語演講比賽。請你為校英文報(bào)寫一篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：1．時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；2．參賽人員與比賽內(nèi)容；3．活動(dòng)反響。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。【參考范文】AnEnglishspeechcontestwiththethemeSeizingTodaywasheldinourschoolhalllastFridaymorning，whichdrewtheattentionofeverystudentandteacher.Twentystudentsfromdifferentclassescompetedinit.Alltheparticipantsmadewonderfulspeechesaroundthetheme.Attheendofthecontest，twoforeignteacherscommentedonseveralparticipants'speechesandgavesomehelpfulsuggestions.Finally，therewasanawardceremonyforthewinners.ItisnotonlyagoodchancetohelpthestudentsimprovetheiroralEnglishbutalsoenrichesourschoollife.分層提分分層提分題組A基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練一.單詞拼寫1．Thegovernmenthasdecidedto(釋放)someprisoners.2．Thecompetitorswillbesubjectto(隨意的)drugtesting.3．Istherealwaysa(沖突)betweenscienceandreligion?4．Thecouncilrecentlydrewfireforits(干預(yù))inthedispute.5．Goand(道歉)toherforwhatyouhavesaidtoher.6．Ifyougetupearly，trynotto(打擾)everyoneelse.7．Ialsohadfriendswhogavemeagreatdealof(鼓勵(lì))．8．I(羨慕)youhavingsuchaclosefamily.9．In(理論)，thesemachinesshouldlastfortenyearsormore.10．Thescalescanbeusedtoweighotheritemssuchas(包裹)．【答案】1.ervention5.apologise6.disturb7.encouragement8.envy9.theory10.parcels二.單句語法填空1．Wehavenothingbutpraiseforthewaytheyhandledthe(investigate)．2．Wewereforcedtoworkoutsidein(freeze)conditions.3．SheproducedaTVseriesabout(adopt)children.4．Dryhaircanbedamagedbywashingittoo(frequent)．5．Twohundredpeoplelosttheirjobsadirectconsequenceofthemerger.6．ThereisnodoubtitwasanaccidentandIbearnogrudges.7．Withtheexam(come)nextweek，Ihavenotimeforasociallife.8．Suddenlythedooropenedandthechildrenburst．9．WedrovetotheairportthenextmorningtopickSusan.10．Iwasthedepthsofdespairwhenthebabywassick.【答案】1.investigation2.freezing3.adopted4.frequently5.as6.that7.coming8.in9.up10.in題組B能力提升練語法填空BrunoMarswasbornintoaverymusicalfamilyinHawaii.Whenhewasyoung，heoftenperformedonthestagewithhisfamily，1.________gavehimfullconfidenceandexperience.Aftergraduatingfromhighschool，Bruno2.________(decide)tomovetoLosAngelestobuildhismusiccareer.Itwasn'teasy，though.Hewasusedtogivingperformances3.________(regular)asamusicianinHawaii.ButinLosAngelescompetitionwasmuch4.________(strong)，soBrunohadahardtimebreakingintothemusicindustry.5.________thedesiretogiveupwasgreat，heneverdid.Brunofoundthathecouldmakemoneyandbecomefamousbywritingsongsforfamoussingers.In2010Bruno6.________(ask)torecordoneofhissongs，whichrocketedtothetopofthecharts.Thatsameyearhereleasedhisfirstoriginalsong，“JusttheWayYouAre”.7.________alsohitnumberone.Thesong's8.________(succeed)broughtBrunoinstantfameandstarstatus.SincethenBrunoMars9.________(receive)numerousmusicawardsandhonors.Hehassoldmorethan130millionrecords，makinghimoneofthebest-sellingartistsever.Manyofhisfansandpeersconsiderhimamusicalgeniusandoneoftheworld'sbest10.________(performer)．【語篇解讀】本文講述了美國男歌手BrunoMars的成名故事。1．which考查定語從句。句意：當(dāng)他小時(shí)候，他經(jīng)常和家人在舞臺上表演，這給了他充分的信心和經(jīng)驗(yàn)?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容并在從句中作主語，故填which。2．decided考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：高中畢業(yè)后，Bruno決定搬到洛杉磯發(fā)展他的音樂事業(yè)。根據(jù)前文的“Aftergraduatingfromhighschool”可知此處描述過去發(fā)生的事情，需要用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，故填decided。3．regularly考查副詞。句意：他習(xí)慣于作為音樂家定期在夏威夷演出。修飾動(dòng)詞短語givingperformances用副詞，故填regularly。4．stronger考查比較級。句意：但在洛杉磯，競爭更加激烈，所以Bruno很難進(jìn)入音樂行業(yè)。根據(jù)句意以及前文的比較級修飾詞much可知，此處需要用形容詞比較級，比較夏威夷和洛杉磯的競爭，故填stronger。5．Although/Though/While考查讓步狀語從句。句意：雖然他很想放棄，但他從來沒有放棄過。根據(jù)句意，前后是讓步關(guān)系，Although/Though/While表示“盡管、雖然”，符合句意，故填A(yù)lthough/Though/While。6．wasasked考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：2010年，Bruno被邀請錄制他的一首歌，這首歌迅速躥升至排行榜榜首。根據(jù)“in2010”可知此處是描述過去發(fā)生的事情，需要用一般過去時(shí)，主語Bruno和謂語動(dòng)詞ask之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故填wasasked。7．It/That考查代詞。句意：它也成了第一名。此處指代hisfirstoriginalsong，“JusttheWayYouAre”。所以用表示單數(shù)的代詞it或that，故填I(lǐng)t/That。8．success考查名詞。句意：這首歌的成功迅速給Bruno帶來了名氣和明星地位。本句用名詞success在句中作主語，表示單數(shù)概念，故填success。9．hasreceived考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：從那以后，Bruno獲得了無數(shù)的音樂獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)和榮譽(yù)。由“Sincethen”可知應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語BrunoMars是單數(shù)，故填hasreceived。10．performers考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：他的許多歌迷和同行都認(rèn)為他是一個(gè)音樂天才，也是世界上最好的表演者之一。oneof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填performers。題組C培優(yōu)拔尖練Theresearcherssayapersonlosestwomonthsforeverykilogramoverweighttheyare—andsevenyearsforsmokingapacketofcigarettesaday.Unusually，theEdinburghUniversityteamfoundtheiranswersbyanalysingdifferencesinpeople’sgeneticcodeorDNA.Finallytheythinkitwillshownewwaysofhelpingustolivelonger.Thegroupusedthegeneticcodeofmorethan600，000peoplewhoaretakingpartinanaturalexperiment.Ifsomeonesmokes，drinks，dropsoutofschoolandisoverweight，itcanbedifficulttoidentifytheimpactofonespecificunhealthybehaviour.Instead，theresearchersturnedtothenaturalexperiment.Somepeoplecarrymutations(變異)intheirDNAthatincreaseappetite(食欲)ormakethemmorelikelytoputonweight，soresearcherswereabletocomparethoseprogrammedtoeatmorewiththosewhowerenot.TheresearchteamalsofoundspecificmutationsinhumanDNAthat