老高考適用2023版高考英語(yǔ)二輪總復(fù)習(xí)第1部分閱讀能力突破篇專題2閱讀七選五第3講根據(jù)行文邏輯解題

第一部分專題二第3講根據(jù)行文邏輯解題A(2022·甘肅省高三第一次高考診斷考試)ItwasJenniferWilliams?smotherwhogotherinterestedinbooks.Shereadtoherthreechildreneveryday.“Notuntilwewenttokindergarten，”Williamstold,alocalnewssite.“Untilwewenttocollege.”WhenWilliams,now54,becameanelementaryschoolteacherandtutorinDanville,shewantedherstudentstofallinlovewithreadingjustasshehad.1ToWilliams,thesolutionwassimple：Givekidsbooks.In2017shegaveaway900usedchildren?sbooksoverthreedays.2“Iwaslike,?Anybodycoulddothat，?”shesaid.“Iwantedtodosomethingbigger.”Soshesetanewgoalforherself：3Itsoundslikeanunreachablenumber,butasWilliamspostedonFacebook：“Don?tcomplainintheseatsatasportsgroundifyouaren?twillingtoworkhardoutonthefield.”Soshegottowork,firstbypersuadingfriendstodonatebooksormoneytobuybooks.4Asquicklyasthebookscomein,Williamsgivesthemtolocalschools—freeofcharge—andalsosuppliesbookstolittlefreelibraries.Inthefouryearsshe?sbeendoingallthis,theBookLady,hasgivenawaymorethan78,000books—only922,000moretoreachhergoal!5Becauseit?sextremelyimportantforkidstohavemorebookstochoosefromwhilereading.A．Andshe?snotslowingdown.B．Togiveawayonemillionbooks.C．IwasquiteproudofthebookIhadread.D．Mostpeoplewouldbesatisfiedwiththatnumber.E．Becomethepersonwhogivesawaythemostbooks.F．Then,asnewsspread,strangersstarteddonatingbookstoher.G．However,sherealizedthatsomekidshadlimitedaccesstobooks.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了小學(xué)老師JenniferWilliams為缺書的孩子們籌集書籍的故事。1．G段尾題。根據(jù)下文“ToWilliams,thesolutionwassimple：Givekidsbooks.(對(duì)威廉姆斯來(lái)說(shuō)，解決辦法很簡(jiǎn)單：給孩子們書。)”可知，空處與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，提到了孩子們閱讀時(shí)遇到的問題。G項(xiàng)：However,sherealizedthatsomekidshadlimitedaccesstobooks.(然而，她意識(shí)到一些孩子接觸書籍的機(jī)會(huì)有限。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。2．D段中題。根據(jù)上文“In2017shegaveaway900usedchildren?sbooksoverthreedays.(2017年，她在三天內(nèi)送出了900本用過(guò)的兒童書籍。)”可知，空處對(duì)上文的行為進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，D項(xiàng)中的“thatnumber”指代上文中提到的“900usedchildren?sbooks”。D項(xiàng)：Mostpeoplewouldbesatisfiedwiththatnumber.(大多數(shù)人會(huì)對(duì)這個(gè)數(shù)字感到滿意。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。3．B段中題。根據(jù)上文“Soshesetanewgoalforherself(所以她給自己設(shè)定了一個(gè)新的目標(biāo))”根據(jù)下文“Itsoundslikeanunreachablenumber,butasWilliamspostedonFacebook：?Don?tcomplainintheseatsatasportsgroundifyouaren?twillingtoworkhardoutonthefield.?(這聽起來(lái)像是一個(gè)不可達(dá)到的數(shù)字，但正如威廉姆斯在Facebook上發(fā)布的：“如果你不愿意在操場(chǎng)上努力鍛煉，就不要在操場(chǎng)的座位上抱怨?！?”可知，她的目標(biāo)是捐贈(zèng)很多書。B項(xiàng)：Togiveawayonemillionbooks.(捐贈(zèng)一百萬(wàn)本書。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。4．F段中題。根據(jù)上文“Soshegottowork,firstbypersuadingfriendstodonatebooksormoneytobuybooks.(于是她開始工作，首先說(shuō)服朋友們捐書或出錢買書。)”可知，空處進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明捐贈(zèng)書的來(lái)源，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的“Then”和上文中的“first”對(duì)應(yīng)。F項(xiàng)：Then,asnewsspread,strangersstarteddonatingbookstoher.(后來(lái)，隨著消息的傳播，陌生人開始向她捐贈(zèng)書籍。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。5．A段中題。根據(jù)下文“Becauseit?sextremelyimportantforkidstohavemorebookstochoosefromwhilereading.(因?yàn)閷?duì)于孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，在閱讀的時(shí)候有更多的書可以選擇是非常重要的。)”可知，因?yàn)楹⒆觽冃枰嗟臅鴣?lái)進(jìn)行選擇，所以她沒有放慢腳步，朝著目標(biāo)前進(jìn)，下文和空處形成因果關(guān)系，A項(xiàng)：Andshe?snotslowingdown.(而且她沒有放慢腳步。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。B(2022·陜西省榆林市高三第一次模擬考試)Volunteeringmeanstocarryoutadutyorajobwithoutexpectingrepaymentorreward.Theconceptisverypopularinadvancedorrichcountries.Butinsomecountries,manypeoplelookatvolunteeringasawasteoftimeandeffort.6.Oneisimmediatelyseenasselflessandhelpfulwhenonevolunteerstohelpoutsomeonesuchasafriend,teacherorparent.7,whenyouhelpateachertocleantheclassroomorgetinvolvedinacleanlinesscampaignattheschoollevelorothercommunityprojects.Teachersandadultswouldlookatayoungpersonwhovolunteershisorhertimeforcertainactivitiesasmature,responsibleanddeservingofrespect.Inaddition,volunteeringwithanorganizationsuchasorphanages,communitycentersandothernon-profitorganizationsallowsyoutointeractwithsocietyatlarge.Inadditiontohelpingtheseorganizationscarryouttheirduties,younotonlygainexperiencebutcanlearnavarietyofskills.8.Eventhoughtheyarenotbeingpaid,throughvolunteeringtime,effortandskills,onewouldlearnmorethanwhatmoneycanbuy.9.Forexample,ifyouvolunteeryourtimeregularlyatacharityorganization,youwouldlearnhowtheorganizationworksandtheimportanceofteamwork,andotheressentialideasrelatedtotheday-to-dayoperationsoftheorganizations.Thus,withsomanybenefits,students,inparticular,shouldbeallowedtoparticipateinvolunteeractivities.10.A．YouwillfeelyouareproudB．YourstandingwouldbeliftedC．ThisisespeciallybeneficialtostudentsD．OneshouldactivelybeinvolvedinvolunteeringE．However,onecangainmanybenefitsfromvolunteeringF．TheycanlearnusefulinterpersonalandorganizationalskillsG．Volunteeringalsoexposesonetomanyinterestingideasandissues【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文，介紹了做志愿者給學(xué)生帶來(lái)的積極益處。6．E段尾題。根據(jù)前文“Butinsomecountries,manypeoplelookatvolunteeringasawasteoftimeandeffort.(但在一些國(guó)家，許多人認(rèn)為志愿服務(wù)是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間和精力的事。)”和第三段段首句“Inaddition,volunteeringwithanorganizationsuchasorphanages,communitycentersandothernon-profitorganizationsallowsyoutointeractwithsocietyatlarge.(此外，在孤兒院、社區(qū)中心和其他非營(yíng)利性組織做志愿者，可以讓你與整個(gè)社會(huì)進(jìn)行互動(dòng)。)”可知，首段尾句應(yīng)承上啟下，反駁有些人對(duì)志愿活動(dòng)的錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)，且引出下文闡明從事志愿活動(dòng)的益處，E選項(xiàng)“However,onecangainmanybenefitsfromvolunteering(然而，一個(gè)人可以從志愿活動(dòng)中收獲良多)”符合文意，故選E。7．B段中題。根據(jù)后文“Teachersandadultswouldlookatayoungpersonwhovolunteershisorhertimeforcertainactivitiesasmature,responsibleanddeservingofrespect.(老師和成年人會(huì)認(rèn)為那些自愿花時(shí)間參加某些活動(dòng)的年輕人是成熟的、負(fù)責(zé)任的、值得尊重的。)”可知，空格處應(yīng)列舉自愿為老師及其他社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)勞動(dòng)帶來(lái)的益處，B選項(xiàng)“Yourstandingwouldbelifted(你的地位將會(huì)得到提升)”符合文意，故選B。8．C段中題。根據(jù)前文“younotonlygainexperiencebutcanlearnavarietyofskills(你不僅能獲得經(jīng)驗(yàn)，還能學(xué)到各種技能)”可知，做志愿服務(wù)能使人成長(zhǎng)，C選項(xiàng)“Thisisespeciallybeneficialtostudents(這對(duì)學(xué)生尤其有益)”承接上文語(yǔ)義，強(qiáng)調(diào)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技能提升對(duì)從事志愿服務(wù)的學(xué)生有更加重要的意義，符合文意，故選C。9．G段首題。根據(jù)前文“Inaddition,volunteeringwithanorganizationsuchasorphanages,communitycentersandothernon-profitorganizationsallowsyoutointeractwithsocietyatlarge.(此外，在孤兒院、社區(qū)中心和其他非營(yíng)利性組織做志愿者，可以讓你與整個(gè)社會(huì)進(jìn)行互動(dòng)。)”可知，該處也應(yīng)表述志愿服務(wù)帶來(lái)的益處；且根據(jù)后文“youwouldlearnhowtheorganizationworksandtheimportanceofteamwork,andotheressentialideasrelatedtotheday-to-dayoperationsoftheorganizations(你會(huì)學(xué)到組織是如何運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的，團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的重要性，以及其他與組織日常運(yùn)作相關(guān)的本質(zhì)思想)”可知，該段主要表述從事志愿服務(wù)會(huì)讓你接觸很多有趣的理念和問題，G選項(xiàng)“Volunteeringalsoexposesonetomanyinterestingideasandissues(志愿活動(dòng)也使人接觸到許多有趣的想法和問題)”符合文意，故選G。10．F段尾題。根據(jù)前文“Thus,withsomanybenefits,students,inparticular,shouldbeallowedtoparticipateinvolunteeractivities.(因此，有這么多的好處，尤其是學(xué)生，應(yīng)該被允許參加志愿者活動(dòng)。)”可知，該處建議學(xué)生群體尤其應(yīng)當(dāng)多參加志愿服務(wù)活動(dòng)。F選項(xiàng)“Theycanlearnusefulinterpersonalandorganizationalskills(他們可以學(xué)到有用的人際交往和組織方面的技能)”承接上文語(yǔ)義，闡明學(xué)生參加志愿活動(dòng)的意義，符合文意，故選F。C(2022·黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市高三第二次模擬)Weallknowatleastonepersonshowsconfidenceandgrace(優(yōu)雅)withoutworkingatit.11,makesuretoavoidthefollowingcommonbody-languageerrors.Slouching(佝背)Slouchingisahugeno-no.12.Itmaybecausedbyourhabitofsittinginfrontofcomputersforlongperiods,butassoonasyougetupfromyourchair,it?stimetostraightenoutthatback.Trysquaringoutyourchestslightlywhilekeepingyourshouldersback.WeakHandshakingIt?sprogrammedinourmindstoconsidersomebodywithaweakhandshakeasuntrustworthy.Unfortunately,there?snowayaroundit—youeitherhaveafirmhandshakeandappeartrustworthyoryoudon?t.It?snotagoodideatohaveacrushing(太用力的)handshake,either.13.RollingYourEyesThisistheclassicwayofshowingdiscomfortoranger.14,butyourpartnerwilldefinitelyfeeloffendedbyyourwayoflettingthemknowwhattheysaidisn?tworthasecondthought.Leaning(傾斜)Back15.Itshowsthatyou?renotthreatening.However,there?safinelinebetweenleaningbackrightandleaningbackwrong.Ifdoneincorrectly,you?llappeartobeuninterestedinwhatyourpartnerhastosay.It?sbettertoplayitsafeandkeepastraightback.A．SotrytostandstraightB．IfyouwantyourbodytomakethesameimpressionC．SittingbackwardabitcanbegoodforyourconversationD．AllculturesaredifferentintermsofpropersocialconductE．Butit?soneofthemostcommonlymadebody-languageerrorsF．ItcanfeelgoodtorespondtoasillystatementbyrollingyoureyesG．Youcanrespondwithsimilaramountofpressurethatyourshakingpartnergives【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講的是一些錯(cuò)誤的肢體語(yǔ)言和糾正方法。11．B段中題?？崭袂啊癢eallknowatleastonepersonshowsconfidenceandgrace(優(yōu)雅)withoutworkingatit.(我們都知道，至少有一個(gè)人不用努力就能表現(xiàn)出自信和優(yōu)雅。)”，空格后“makesuretoavoidthefollowingcommonbody-languageerrors(一定要避免以下常見的肢體語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤)”，說(shuō)明空格處應(yīng)表示如果你也想像人家那樣就按照下面的做，B選項(xiàng)“Ifyouwantyourbodytomakethesameimpression(如果你想讓你的身體給人留下同樣的印象)”承上啟下，說(shuō)明如果想讓自己也和別人一樣優(yōu)雅就要避免以下常見的肢體語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，因此B選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。12．E段中題?？崭袂啊癝louchingisahugeno-no.(佝背是絕對(duì)不可以的。)”，空格后“Itmaybecausedbyourhabitofsittinginfrontofcomputersforlongperiods,butassoonasyougetupfromyourchair,it?stimetostraightenoutthatback.(這可能是由于我們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐在電腦前的習(xí)慣造成的，但一旦你從椅子上站起來(lái)，就該把背部拉直了。)”，空格處應(yīng)說(shuō)明佝背非常常見，接下來(lái)空格后解釋原因，因此E選項(xiàng)“Butit?soneofthemostcommonlymadebody-languageerrors(但這是最常犯的肢體語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤之一)”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。13．G段尾題?？崭袂啊癐t?snotagoodideatohaveacrushing(太用力的)handshake,either.(握手時(shí)用力過(guò)猛也不是個(gè)好主意。)”，空格處應(yīng)表示正確的握手應(yīng)該是怎么做，G選項(xiàng)“Youcanrespondwithsimilaramountofpressurethatyourshakingpartnergives(你可以用和你握手的同伴相同的壓力來(lái)回應(yīng))”說(shuō)明了握手的正確的力度，因此G選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。14．F段中題。本段主題句是“RollingYourEyes(翻白眼)”，空格后“butyourpartnerwilldefinitelyfeeloffendedbyyourwayoflettingthemknowwhattheysaidisn?tworthasecondthought(但你的同伴肯定會(huì)因?yàn)槟阕屗麄冎浪麄冋f(shuō)的話不值得再想而感到被冒犯)”，but表轉(zhuǎn)折，因此空格處是和“feeloffended”相反的內(nèi)容，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Itcanfeelgoodtorespondtoasillystatementbyrollingyoureyes(用翻白眼來(lái)回應(yīng)一句愚蠢的話會(huì)讓你感覺很好)”表示的內(nèi)容和空格后的相反，翻白眼只是讓自己感覺好，但是卻給他人會(huì)有不好的感覺，因此F選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。15．C段首題。空格后“Itshowsthatyou?renotthreatening.(這表明你沒有威脅性。)”，因此空格處應(yīng)提到一種讓你看起來(lái)不那么有威脅性的動(dòng)作，C選項(xiàng)“Sittingbackwardabitcanbegoodforyourconversation(向后坐一點(diǎn)對(duì)你的談話有好處)”描述的往后坐的動(dòng)作會(huì)讓人看起來(lái)不那么有威脅性，且其中的“Sittingbackward”和小標(biāo)題的“Leaning(傾斜)Back”相呼應(yīng)，因此C選項(xiàng)引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。D(2022·新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)普通高考第一次適應(yīng)性檢測(cè))Trafficcongestionisaseriousproblemincitiesworldwide.Therearesimplytoomanyvehiclescompetingfortoolittlespace.ThecompanyTomTom,whichdoesresearchontrafficincitiesworldwide,estimatedthatin2015theaveragecommuterwasted100hoursduringtheeveningrushhouralone.Inadditiontowastingpeople?stime,trafficjamshavemanyothernegativeeffects.16.Trafficjamshavenegativeeffectsondrivers,citiesandtheenvironment.Tobeginwith,theycausestresstodrivers,whichmayleadtohealthproblemsorroadrage.17.Trafficcongestionwastesfuel,whichinturnproducesmorecarbondioxidethroughcarexhaustandcontributestothegreenhouseeffect.18,itisimportantforcitiesandgovernmentseverywheretotakestepstoreduceroadcongestion.Themostobvioussolutionsinvolveengineering.Thismeansbuildingmoreroadswithwiderlanessothatmorecarscantravelatthesametime.However,thecostsforengineeringsolutionsareextremelyhigh.Therefore,amorepopularsolutionisneeded.19.Forexample,ferries,cyclesandundergroundtrainsareincluded.Onesuggestionistoencouragepeopletocyclemore.Althoughcyclinghasobvioushealthbenefitsanddoesnotpollutetheair,itisnotpracticalineveryclimateandcanprovedangerousinheavytraffic.Overall,citiesareusingavarietyofmethodstotackletheproblemoftrafficcongestion.20.Weshouldencouragealternativeformsoftransportbecausetheyreducetheamountoftrafficontheroadsandalsohaveapositiveeffectontheenvironment.A．BecauseoftheseseriouseffectsB．OwingtoinconveniencesforsomepeopleC．ItwouldbetopromoteotherformsoftransportD．AnotherpossibilityistopersuadepeopletousebusesE．MostofthemhaveadvantagesaswellasdisadvantagesF.Moreover,trafficcongestionnegativelyaffectstheenvironmentG．Therefore,governmentseverywhereareworkinghardtofindsolutionstothisproblem【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了交通堵塞導(dǎo)致的一些消極影響以及解決交通堵塞的一些方法。16．G段尾題。根據(jù)上文“Inadditiontowastingpeople?stime,trafficjamshavemanyothernegativeeffects.(除了浪費(fèi)人們的時(shí)間，交通堵塞還有許多其他的負(fù)面影響。)”可知，交通堵塞帶來(lái)很多問題，因此需要尋找解決方法，空處和上文形成因果關(guān)系。G項(xiàng)：Therefore,governmentseverywhereareworkinghardtofindsolutionstothisproblem(因此，各國(guó)政府都在努力尋找解決這個(gè)問題的方法)符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。17．F段中題。根據(jù)上文“Tobeginwith,theycausestresstodrivers,whichmayleadtohealthproblemsorroadrage.(首先，它們給司機(jī)造成壓力，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致健康問題