2023新教材高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解題型分類練八主旨大意題-文章大意類

閱讀理解題型分類練(八)主旨大意題——文章大意類A[2022·江西五校高三聯(lián)考]DadlovedbasketballandhopedthatonedayIwouldplaythegame.Hetaughtmealot,andIwasprettygooduntiltheaccident.Wewereonthehighway.Ourlittlecarspunofftheroad,squealing(發(fā)出長(zhǎng)而尖的聲音)asDadtriedtobringitundercontrol.Theneverythingwassuddenlydark.ThenextthingIrememberedwasbeingtoldIwasn'tgoingtowalkagain.MomandIlearnedtolivewithit.Dadtookithard.“SometimesIthinkheblameshimself，”Momsaid.“Wheneverheseesyouinthewheelchairhewantstoputitoutofhismind.”O(jiān)nedayMr.Evans,anelderinourneighborhood,askedmeifIwantedtojoinawheelchairbasketballteamhewasstarting.WhenItoldMom,shewasallforit,butDadjustlookedatmeandmumbled(嘟噥)something.Ididn'tknowwhattomakeofDad'sreaction,butIknewIwantedtoplay.IbeganmyfirstpracticeonaFridayafternoon.WhatsurprisedmemostwasthatIfoundDadsittinginthestandandwatchedusgothroughourdrills.Wefinishedourregularpractice,andMr.Evansmotionedformyfathertocomedowntothecourt.“Jim,Ihappentoknowthatyouplayedprobasketball，”Mr.Evanssaid.“Ithinkyoucanshowthekidssomefundamentals.”Dadagreedhewouldliketogiveitatry.Wepracticedthewholesummer.Dadcameeveryday.“Ithoughtyouwereterribleatfirst，”hesaidoneafternoon.“ButIthinkyoucanplaywithMadison(averygoodteenwheelchairbasketballteam)now.”Dadonlycomestopracticeonceinawhilenow,buthecomestothegameswhenthey'reontheweekend.Ididn'twanttopushhimbecauseIlikedhimcomingtopractice,andMomdidn'tmindatall.“Jim,ifyouwereinawheelchair，”sheasked,“doyouthinkyoucouldplayaswellasChris？”DadwasonhislaptopandlookedoverthescreenatMomandmumbledsomething.Ifiguredhewassayingthattherewasnowayhecouldplayaswellasmeinawheelchair,butIdidn'taskhimtorepeatit.1．HowmightJimfeelabouthisson'sdisability?A．Angry.B．Sympathetic.C．Guilty.D．Confused.2．WhatwasJim'sinitialreactiontotheideaofhissonplayingwheelchairbasketball?A．Hewasallforit.B．Hearguedwithhiswife.C．HechosetoconsultMr.Evans.D．Heavoidedgivingadefiniteanswer.3．WhatdidMr.EvansaskJimtodo?A．Helptheteamgetbetter.B．Pickuphisoldhobbies.C．Lifthisson'sspirit.D．Actasajudgefortheteam.4．Whatmessagedoesthetextconvey?A．Experienceisbettergainedthroughpractice.B.Parentslearnalotfromeducatingtheirchildren.C．Childrencannotsucceedwithoutthesupportoftheirfamily.D.Difficultiesinlifecannotblockthepathtoachievingdreams.B[2022·廣東省七校高三第二次聯(lián)考]Whenwewereborn,wewereperfect.Aswegrow,wedevelopmanycomplexitiesduetomanyinfluencesinourlives.Ourbraincollectsandsavesallkindsofinformationfromthemomentwewereborn.Apartfromourbrainhavingmemory,cellsinourbodyhavetheirownmemory,meaningthatourbodystoresmemories,bothphysiologicallyandpsychologically.Wearecomplexemotionalbeingsinnaturecomparedwithanyotherlivingthing.Apparently,physiologicalandpsychologicalmemoriesstronglyinfluenceouremotions!Interestingly,wecancreate,storeandreleaseemotionslikeenergy.Moreover,ifwedonotprocessournegativeemotionsproperlyandsuppress(壓制)themforalongtime,theycanfindawayoutviolentlyandunexpectedly.Unfortunately,wecarryourguiltthroughoutourlivesputtingtheever-increasingburdenonourshoulders.Bothguiltandangerareuselessforus.Therefore,onemayask:Isthereawaytoputdowntheburdenfromourshoulders?Itispossible,indeed.Importantly,sinceourguiltandangerinsideusareneitherreleasednorgivenattentionto,theyarestored.Actually,weshouldtakeactiontoaddressournegativeemotionsinordertoremovethemfromoursystem.Wecannotjustwishthemaway.Infact,byacknowledgingtheirpresenceandprovidingachannelforthem,wecandissolveouremotionsgradually.Isthereabetterwaytounloadourburden?Luckily,wehaveanaturalgiftforprocessingourfeelingsandemotions—forgiveness.Indeed,forgivingourselvesisagreatwaytodissolvenegativeemotions.Ofcourse,weshouldalsolearntoreadilyforgiveothers,andwhenwelearntoforgiveourselves,wealsonaturallyforgiveothers.Insummary,itisnogoodcarryingouryearsofemotionalbaggage.Byforgiving,wecanthrowawaytheemotionalbaggagewecarryforyears.Forgiveyourpastmistakes.Themomentyoustartforgiving,youwillfeelrelievedandyearsofheavinesswillliftmagically!5．Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A．Humanbeingsarebornwithcomplexities.B．Ourbodyhastheabilitytomemorizeinformation.C.Ourbraincancollectandretainallinformation.D.Notalltheotherlivingthingshavecomplexemotionslikehumanbeings.6．Whydosomepeoplerelievethemselvesfromnegativeemotionsviolently?A．Humanbeingsarecomplexemotionalbeingsinnature.B．Physiologicalandpsychologicalmemoriesstronglyaffecttheiremotions.C．Bademotionsareinsidethemfortoolongandaredealtwithincorrectly.D．Theirbodystoresbothphysiologicalandpsychologicalmemories.7．Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaytheauthoragreewith?A．Drinksomewineandyoumayfeelrelieved.B.Thereisawaytodissolveyourguiltonlyifyouhavethewish.C．Trytoreleaseyourangerandguilt,ortheywillbestoredinside.D．Everycoinhastwosides,whichistrueofourguiltandanger.8．What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A．Learningtoforgivehelpspeopleunloadtheirpsychologicalburden.B．Forgivingisthebestwayforpeopletodissolvenegativeemotions.C．Forgivingourselvesisthefirststepofforgivingothers.D．Beingenergeticandoptimisticleadstoahappierlife.C[2022·河南省高三高考適應(yīng)性測(cè)試]Theyogurtthat'spastitssell-bydate.Thebananainyourlunchthatturnedbrown.Theleftoversinthefridgethatyouforgottoeat.Formostpeople,allthatfoodgoesrightintothegarbagecan.Eighttotenpercentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions(排放物)arerelatedtofoodwaste,accordingtoareportbytheUN'sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.“Whenyouthrowawayaneggorasandwich，”saysYvetteCabrera,foodwastedirectorattheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil(NRDC)，“you'realsothrowingawayalltheresourcesthatwentintoproducingthosethings.”Theyincludenotonlyallthewater,land,andfertilizer(肥料)thatwentintoproducingthatfood,butalsothemassiveamountsoffossilfuelsusedtopowerthefarms,transportthefood,andcreatethepackaging.Thenthere'stheissueofwhathappenstofoodafterit'sthrownout.MorefoodendsupinU．S.landfillsthananyothertypeoftrash.Foodrottinginlandfillsproducesmethane(甲烷),agreenhousegasthat'sroughly25timesmorepowerfulattrappingheatintheatmospherethancarbondioxide,whichisproducedbyburningfossilfuels.Foodwasteisadifficultproblemtosolve,though,inpartbecauseithappensfordifferentreasonsdependingonthecountry.Indevelopingnations,40percentoffoodislostbeforeiteverreachespeople'shomes,becausemanyofthosecountrieslackthetechnologyandtoolstopreservefood.It'sanotherstoryinwealthiercountries,wheremostofthefoodiswastedinpeople'skitchens.Americans,forexample,throwoutaquarteroftheirgrocerieseachyear,onaverage,accordingtotheNRDC.That'slikegoingtothegrocerystore,leavingwithfourbagsofgroceries,andthenthrowingoneofthemintothegarbagebeforeyougethome.9．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theproblemoffoodwaste.B．Theawarenessoffoodsaving.C．Thenecessityoffooddiversity.D．Thewaysoffoodpreservation.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inParagraph3referto?A．Theleftoversinthefridge.B．Thepackagingmaterialsofproducts.C．Thethrowneggsorsandwiches.D．Theresourcestoproducefood.11．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4?A．Provideapersuasiveexample.B．Addmorebackgroundinformation.C．Discussamoreseriousconsequence.D．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.12．Inwhatstagedoesfoodwastemainlyhappenindevelopedcountries?A．Storage.B．Transportation.C．Processing.D．Consumption.閱讀理解題型分類練(八)A語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與自我——做人與做事——坐著輪椅打籃球【語篇解讀】作者在一次事故中雙腿受傷，不能再行走，不得不坐輪椅生活。在一位社區(qū)長(zhǎng)輩的邀請(qǐng)下，作者參加了輪椅籃球隊(duì)。作者的父親曾是職業(yè)籃球選手，在他的訓(xùn)練和作者的努力下，作者的籃球技能有了很大提高，作者終于能坐著輪椅打籃球甚至參加比賽了。1．答案與解析：C推斷。根據(jù)第二段中母親所說的話可知，母親感覺到父親很自責(zé)，想忘掉這件事情。據(jù)此可以推知，對(duì)于兒子的殘疾，父親感到很內(nèi)疚，故C項(xiàng)正確。2．答案與解析：D理解具體信息。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句中的“WhenItoldMom...Dad'sreaction”可知，與母親完全贊同的反應(yīng)相反，父親只是看著作者，嘴里嘟噥著什么。據(jù)此可知，對(duì)于作者參加輪椅籃球隊(duì)的想法，父親沒有給出明確的態(tài)度。故D項(xiàng)正確。3．答案與解析：A推斷。根據(jù)第五段Evans先生所說的話，再結(jié)合下文介紹的父親訓(xùn)練輪椅籃球隊(duì)可知，Evans先生邀請(qǐng)父親培訓(xùn)輪椅籃球隊(duì)隊(duì)員，是為了讓隊(duì)伍更好，故A項(xiàng)正確。4．答案與解析：D理解文章主旨要義。通讀全文可知，文中主要講述了作者在一次事故中雙腿受傷，不能再行走，不得不坐輪椅生活。在一位社區(qū)長(zhǎng)輩的邀請(qǐng)下，他參加了輪椅籃球隊(duì)；父親曾是職業(yè)籃球選手，在他的訓(xùn)練下，作者終于能坐著輪椅打籃球甚至參加比賽了。據(jù)此可知，D項(xiàng)“生活中的困難無法阻擋實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的道路”符合本文主旨。B語篇類型：議論文主題語境：人與自我——做人與做事——學(xué)會(huì)原諒【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了負(fù)面情緒會(huì)讓人們身心負(fù)擔(dān)過重，而學(xué)會(huì)原諒會(huì)釋放這些壓力。5．答案與解析：B理解具體信息。根據(jù)第一段中的“cellsinourbody...ourbodystoresme