鐵路英語 課件 Unit-3 Railway Maintenance

Unit3RailwayMaintenanceWARMINGUPARailwayLineINTENSIVEREADINGATheOriginalIntentionandMissionofRailwayMaintenanceWorkers

UNIT3RailwayMaintenanceINTENSIVEREADINGB“RailwayDoctors”EscortUsHome

PracticalReadingRailwayTrackSigns ReadingintoChinaWuhanYangtzeRiverBridge LEARNINGOBJECTIVEAfterstudyingthisunit,you’llbeableto:?haveageneralideaofthemissionofrailwaymaintenanceworkers?explaintheresponsibilitiesofrailwaymaintenanceworkers?describethemeaningsandfunctionsofrailwaytracksigns?discoverthefunctionoftheWuhanYangtzeRiverBridgeforrailwayuse12345WarmingUpIntensive

ReadingAIntensive

ReadingBPracticalReadingReadingintoChinaElectriclocomotiveWarmingUpTask1Matchthepictureswiththecorrectnames.1()ATrack()B

Bridge()C

Tunnel()D

Trackbed2341243WarmingUpTask2Listentothedialogandfillintheblanks.11A(n)1)

canhelpatraincomeacrossariver,andatunnelcanhelpitgothrougha(n)2)

.2Thesubgradeisthelevellayerof3)

andstonesunderthetrack.Itisthe4)

ofthetrackasitbearsallthetrain’s5)

.3Arailwaylineconsistsof6)

,bridges,7)

and8)

.bridgemountainsoilfoundationweighttrackstunnelssubgradesWarmingUpKid:Littletrain,youhavenolegs.Howcanyourunsofast?Littletrain:BecauseIhavewheels.Theyrunonthesmoothsurfaceofthetrack.Kid:Littletrain,thereisariverinfront.Canyoujumpoverit?Littletrain:No,Ican’tjump,butabridgecanhelpmecrossit.Kid:Well,whatifyoucomeacrossahighmountain?Littletrain:MakeatunnelinthebellyofthemountainandI’llgothroughit.Kid:Isee.So,yourunontracks,bridgesandthroughtunnels.Andthat’swhattheycall“therailwaylines”!AmIcorrect?LittleTrain:Yes...butnot100%correct.Therearealsosubgrades.Kid:Subgrades?Wherearetheyandwhatdotheydo?Littletrain:Theyareunderthetrackandbearallmyweight.Kid:Letmeguess.Aresubgradesactuallythelevellayersofsoilandstonesunderthetrack?Littletrain:Yes,you’resosmart.Subgradesarethefoundationofthetracks.Well,doyouunderstandwhatpartsmakeuparailwaylinenow?Kid:Ithinkso.Theyaretracks,bridges,tunnels,andsubgrades.ButI’mstillcuriousaboutwhodesignsandmaintainsthoserailwaylines.Itsoundsliketheirjobsaresocool.IwanttobethatcooltoowhenIgrowup.Littletrain:Thenletmeintroducetheirdailyworktoyou...Script12345WarmingUpIntensive

ReadingAIntensive

ReadingBPracticalReadingReadingintoChinaIntensiveReadingA1Iwasbornintoafamilyofrailwayworkers.Startingfrommygrandfather,thelongrailwaylineshaveembracedandwitnessedtheyouthandsweatofthreegenerations.2Whenmygrandfatherwasarailwaymaintenanceworker,woodensleeperswerelaidontheballast

and43kg/mlightrailswereusedonthem.Atthattime,whatranalongtherailwaylinesweresteamlocomotives,andtheonlytoolsforthe

maintenanceand

repairofthelineswerepickaxes

andshovels.Thesafetyofthelineswasensuredthroughworkers’24-hourinspectiondaytodaybynoothermeansoftransportationbutonfoot.Thoughtiredafteraday’swork,mygrandfatherandhiscolleagueswerealwaysfulfilledwhenlookingatthosesmoothlines.TheOriginalIntentionandMissionofRailwayMaintenanceWorkersIntensiveReadingA3Later,myfatherinheritedmygrandfather’sjob.

Astechnologydeveloped,small-scalemechanized

maintenanceequipmentwasintroducedtorailwayworkers,andwoodensleepersandlightrailsonthelinesweregraduallytransformedintoconcretesleepersand60kg/msteelrails.However,aspassengervolumegotanupsurge

andpeople’sexpectationsofrailwaysgrewhigher,workers’workloaddidnotdecreasemuchandmyfatherandhiscolleaguesstillpaidmeticulousattentiontoeverydetail.Theykneltthreeorfourhundredtimesadayjusttocheckthetrack’sheight,gage,etc.TheOriginalIntentionandMissionofRailwayMaintenanceWorkersIntensiveReadingA4Iamalsoarailwayworkernow.Throughmydailywork,Ihavediscoveredthateverythinghasundergonerapidchanges,suchasmaintenancetools,methodsused,andthewaytheoperationisorganized:“Windowtime”formaintenancehasensuredthesafetyofusworkers;digitalrailwayengineeringhasguidedustoworkmorescientificallyandefficiently;intensiveproductionhashugelyimprovedourlivingconditionsandlifequality.Whathasnotchangedismaintenanceworkers’dedicationtotherailway,whichwasmanifestedbymygrandfather,myfather,andnumerousrailwayworkers.5Currently,Fuxingisrunningataspeedofabout350km/hacrossthevastlandofChina.Wearenotonlygloriousrailwaybuilders,butalsobeneficiariesoftheachievementsofrailwaydevelopment.I,inmysplendidyouth,shallshouldermyresponsibilityforansweringthecallforadvancementandneverforgetthespiritthatmygrandfatherandmyfatherpassedontome.TheOriginalIntentionandMissionofRailwayMaintenanceWorkers

VocabularyWordsembrace

v.

擁抱，歡迎ballast

n.

道碴pickax

n.

鎬，鶴嘴鋤shovel

n.

鏟子，鐵鍬inherit

v.

接手，繼承mechanized

adj.機(jī)械化的concrete

adj.混凝土的upsurge

n.

急劇上升，猛增meticulous

adj.一絲不茍的height

n.

高度intensive

adj.密集的，強(qiáng)化的IntensiveReadingAWordsglorious

adj.光榮的，榮耀的beneficiary

n.

受益者splendid

adj.燦爛的shoulder

v.

承擔(dān)Phrasesstartfromsth

自……開始laysthonsth

把……放在……上bymeansofsth

借助某事物，以某種方法passsthontosb將某物傳遞給某人TechnicalTermswoodensleeper

木枕，枕木concretesleeper

混凝土枕Fillintheblankswiththeproperwords.1IntensiveReadingAVocabularyandStructureembraceintensiveupsurge

heightglorious

inherit1Intermsofsleepermaterials,therearewoodensleepers,

sleepers,steelsleepers,etc.2Someofthebuildingsareover200feetin

.3Hewasproudofhisfully

assemblylineandwantedtoshowitoff.4Ourresponsibilityisunmatchedinimportance,andourmissionis

beyondcompare.5Newemployeesaresentona(n)

trainingcourse.6MrSmithhasnochildto

hisland.7Mostcountriesarewillingto

high-speedrailnetworkswithenthusiasm.8Therewasa(n)

insalesduringJuneandJuly.

concrete

mechanizedconcreteheightmechanizedgloriousintensiveinheritembraceupsurge1Fillintheblankswiththeproperprepositions.21Marywasborn

amusicalfamily.2The3:30traintoManchesterwillstart

Platform4.3Traveling

aspeedofover300km/h,thetraincancompletethe30-kilometerjourneyinsixminutes.4Shesaidshe’dpassthemessageon

theotherstudents.5Therailwaylinesaresometimeschecked

meansofpickaxesandshovels.6Dealingwithnaughtychildrencalls

greatwisdomandsensitivity.IntensiveReadingAVocabularyandStructureintofromatonbyforCompletethefollowingtableaccordingtothetext.3IntensiveReadingAReadingComprehensionGrandfather’stimesFather’stimesSleepertype14Railtype25Maintenanceandrepairequipment36woodensleeperconcretesleeper43kg/mlightrails60kg/msteelrailspickaxesandshovelssmall-scalemechanizedmaintenanceequipmentMatchthepracticeswiththeirpurposes.4IntensiveReadingAReadingComprehension1“windowtime”formaintenance2digitalrailway

engineering3intensiveproductionAtoimprovetheworkers’livingconditionsandlifequalityBtoguideworkerstoworkmore

scientificallyandefficientlyCtoensurethesafetyofworkersWorkwithapartnerandexplainthefollowingtermstoyourpartnerinEnglish.5IntensiveReadingAMini-project1Example:Ballastisalayerofbrokenstonesthatarailwaylineisbuilton.ballastsleepergagerailwindowtimeIntensiveReadingA我出生在一個鐵路工人家庭。從我的祖輩開始，長長的鐵路線便擁抱著、見證著我們?nèi)说那啻汉秃顾?。我的祖父做養(yǎng)路工時，道碴上鋪設(shè)的是木枕和每米43公斤的輕型鋼軌。那時鐵路線上行駛的是蒸汽機(jī)車，鐵路的養(yǎng)護(hù)工具也只有鎬和鍬。為了確保線路安全，在不依靠任何交通工具的情況下，工人們每天24小時步行對線路進(jìn)行巡視。雖然一天工作下來很辛苦，但看著那些平整的鐵路線，爺爺和他的同事們總是很有成就感。鐵路養(yǎng)路工的初心和使命IntensiveReadingA后來父親接下了祖父手中的接力棒。隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展，鐵路工人開始使用小型機(jī)械化維修設(shè)備，線路上的木枕和輕型鋼軌也逐漸變成了混凝土枕和每米60公斤的鋼軌。但是隨著客流量的激增，人們對鐵路的期望越來越高，工人們的工作量并沒有減少太多。父親和他的同事們?nèi)匀灰唤z不茍地對待每一個細(xì)節(jié)。為檢查軌道的高度、軌距等，他們每天要跪在地上三四百次。鐵路養(yǎng)路工的初心和使命IntensiveReadingA現(xiàn)在我也成為了一名鐵路工人。在日常工作中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)很多事物都在迅速地改變，比如維修工具、維修方法、作業(yè)組織方式等：“全天窗”維修確保了我們工人的安全；數(shù)字化鐵路工務(wù)指導(dǎo)我們更加科學(xué)高效地工作；集約化生產(chǎn)極大地改善了工人的生活條件和生活質(zhì)量。然而不變的是工人們對鐵路的奉獻(xiàn)精神，這種精神體現(xiàn)在我的祖父、我的父親以及無數(shù)的養(yǎng)路工身上。如今，復(fù)興號正以每小時約350公里的速度奔馳在廣袤的中國大地上。我們不僅是光榮的鐵路建設(shè)者，更是鐵路發(fā)展成果的受益者。風(fēng)華正茂的我，將肩負(fù)起響應(yīng)號召、砥礪前行的責(zé)任，不忘祖父和父親傳承給我的精神。鐵路養(yǎng)路工的初心和使命12345WarmingUpIntensive

ReadingAIntensive

ReadingBPracticalReadingReadingintoChinaIntensiveReadingB1TheSpringFestivalisapproaching,sotherushtogohomeisinfullswing.Theplatformswillsoonbecrowdedwithhomecomingpassengersandwarmcarriageswilltakethemtothelovedonestheyhavebeenlongpartedfrom.Toensurepassengers’safeandsoundjourneys,agroupof“railwaydoctors”fromthetrackmaintenancedepartmenthavebeenworkingdayandnight,andsometimesevenintemperaturesbelow-20℃.2Therailwaylineshavebeenexposedtonaturealltheyearround.Theyarenotonlyerodedbynaturalphenomenasuchaswind,frost,rain,snowandfreeze-thawaction,butalsorepeatedlybeartheloadofpassingtrains.Theloadcausesgeometricchangesoftrackstructures,deformationofsubgradesandtrackbeds,deteriorationofbridgesandtunnels,abrasion

andevendestructionofrails,railfastenersandsleepers.Iftheproblemsarenotdiscoveredandsolvedinatimelyfashion,passengers’safetyisnolongerguaranteed.“RailwayDoctors”EscortUsHomeIntensiveReadingB3Torailwaydoctors,theSpringFestivalmeansmoreresponsibility.Todiscoverdefectsintimeandconductasystematic“physicalexamination”oftherailwaylines,theyhavetowalksevenoreightkilometers,lookingforchangesintheshapeofthetrack—eveniftheyarejustafewmillimetersofwarping.Byhammeringoneachsleeper,thedoctorscantellwhyandhowmuchtheyhavebeenerodedandwhentoreplacethemwithnewones.Thentheywilltakecorrespondingrepairmeasurestomaintainthetrackingoodrunningconditionandtomaximizetheservicelifeofthelineequipment.“RailwayDoctors”EscortUsHomeIntensiveReadingB4Thismaintenanceandrepairworksparesnoroomforerror.Otherthanexcellentoperating

power,railwaydoctorsarerequiredtobeequippedwithfouradditionalpowers—“footpower”tohelpthemwalkfastalongtherailwayline,“eyepower”tokeenlyperceiveanddiagnose

defects,“brainpower”toaccuratelyprescribe

therightmedicineand“penpower”toquicklyrecordtheproblemstheyencounter.Countlessrailwaydoctorsareconscientiouspractitioners

ofthese“fourpowers”.Theyarealsothesilentescortswholightpassengers’wayhomeinthecoldwinter.“RailwayDoctors”EscortUsHome

VocabularyWordsescort

v.

護(hù)送，護(hù)衛(wèi)n.

護(hù)衛(wèi)者expose

v.

露出，顯露erode

v.

侵蝕，腐蝕，風(fēng)化deformation

n.

變形，畸形deterioration

n.

惡化，變壞abrasion

n.

磨損，磨蝕destruction

n.

破壞，毀壞defect

n.

毛病，缺陷conduct

v.

進(jìn)行，實施Wordssystematic

adj.細(xì)致周到的，系統(tǒng)化的corresponding

adj.相應(yīng)的，對等的diagnose

v.

診斷，判斷prescribe

v.

開（藥），給……開處方conscientious

adj.勤勉認(rèn)真的，細(xì)心負(fù)責(zé)的practitioner

n.

實踐者，從事者IntensiveReadingB

VocabularyPhrasesbeinfullswing

在熱烈進(jìn)行中beparted(fromsb)

和（某人）分離ina...fashion

以……方式intime

及時replacesthwithsth

用某物代替某物servicelife

使用壽命Technicaltermsfreeze-thawaction

凍融作用trackstructure

軌道結(jié)構(gòu)trackbed

道床IntensiveReadingBChoosethebestanswertocompleteeachsentence.1IntensiveReadingBVocabularyandStructure1Wemustcorrectour

assoonaspossible.A.defects

B.effects

C.affects2Thehurricaneleftatrailof

behindit.A.description

B.determination

C.destruction3Thoughthe

ofthebridgeincreases,itscarryingabilitygraduallydegenerates.A.servicelife

B.service

C.lifeservice4Wearesettingupanewfactorynowandtheworkonitis

fullswing.A.on

B.in

C.at5Wewillmanagetoaccomplishthetask

eventhoughitisdifficult.A.intime

B.attime

C.attimesAACBAChoosesomewordsfromtheboxesandwriteasentenceorparagraphcontainingthesewords.2IntensiveReadingBReadingComprehensionsubgradediagnoseservicelife

deteriorationtrack

abrasion

defectdestructionExample:Timelymaintenanceandrepairofdefectscanextendtheservicelifeofarailwayline.1Answerthefollowingquestions.3IntensiveReadingBReadingComprehension1Whichrailwaydepartmentdotherailwaydoctorscomefrom?2Whatnaturalphenomenamayerodetherailwaylines?3Whatwouldhappeniftherailwaydoctorsdidn’tdiscoverandsolvethe

problemsintime?4Whydotherailwaydoctorshammeroneachsleeper?Trackmaintenancedepartment.Wind,frost,rain,snowandfreeze-thawaction.Passenger’ssafetywouldnolongerbeguaranteed.Theycantellwhyandhowmuchthesleepersareerodedandwhentoreplacethemwithnewones.Whataretherailwaydoctors’“fouradditionalpowers”andhowcantheyhelpthem?Matchthetwocolumnsaccordingtothetext.4IntensiveReadingBReadingComprehension1footpowerAtorecordtheissuesimmediately2eyepower3brainpower4penpowerBtoaccuratelyidentifythedefectsCtowalkalongtherailwaylinequicklyDtokeenlyobservetheequipmentstatusTranslatethefollowingEnglishsentencesintoChinese.5IntensiveReadingBTranslationTheSpringFestivalisapproaching,sotherushtogohomeisinfullswing.Theplatformswillsoonbecrowdedwithhomecomingpassengersandwarmcarriageswilltakethemtothelovedonestheyhavebeenlongpartedfrom.春節(jié)將至，人們歸心似箭，春運(yùn)如火如荼。站臺上很快就會擠滿返鄉(xiāng)的旅客，溫暖的車廂將把他們送到闊別已久的親人身邊。IntensiveReadingB春節(jié)將至，人們歸心似箭，春運(yùn)如火如荼。站臺上很快就會擠滿返鄉(xiāng)的旅客，溫暖的車廂將把他們送到闊別已久的親人身邊。為了確保旅客安全、順利地出行，鐵路工務(wù)段的一群“鐵路醫(yī)生”夜以繼日地工作，有時甚至要面對零下20攝氏度的工作環(huán)境。鐵路線常年暴露在大自然中。它們不僅受到風(fēng)、霜、雨、雪和凍融作用等自然現(xiàn)象的侵蝕，還不斷承受著過往列車的荷載。列車荷載會導(dǎo)致軌道結(jié)構(gòu)的幾何形狀發(fā)生改變，導(dǎo)致路基和軌枕變形，橋梁和隧道老化，鋼軌、軌條扣件和枕木磨損甚至毀壞。如果不能及時發(fā)現(xiàn)并解決這些問題，旅客的安全將無法得到保障?！拌F路醫(yī)生”守護(hù)回家路IntensiveReadingB對于鐵路醫(yī)生來說，春節(jié)意味著更多的責(zé)任。為了及時發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，對鐵路線進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的“體檢”，他們要步行七八公里，尋找發(fā)生變形的軌道——哪怕只是幾毫米的翹曲變形。通過敲擊一根根枕木，醫(yī)生們可以判斷它們受到侵蝕的原因、程度以及需要換新的時間。然后醫(yī)生們會采取相應(yīng)的維修措施，以保持軌道的良好運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，最大限度地延長線路設(shè)備的使用壽命。“鐵路醫(yī)生”守護(hù)回家路IntensiveReadingB這種養(yǎng)護(hù)工作不容有失。除了過硬的業(yè)務(wù)能力，鐵路醫(yī)生還需要具備四種能力——在鐵路線上快速行走的“腳力”、敏銳感知和診斷病癥的“眼力”、準(zhǔn)確對癥下藥的“腦力”以及快速記錄問題的“筆力”。無數(shù)鐵路醫(yī)生都勤勤懇懇地踐行著這“四力”。在寒冷的冬天，他們也是默默的護(hù)航者，照亮旅客回家的路?！拌F路醫(yī)生”守護(hù)回家路12345WarmingUpIntensive

ReadingAIntensive

ReadingBPracticalReadingReadingintoChinaPracticalReadingHaveyouevernoticedthetracksignsalongtherailwaylines?Haveyouthoughtabouthowtheycanguidetraindriversandrailwaymaintenanceworkers?Throughprovidinginformationinavarietyofforms,thesesmartdesignsconciselyshowthepositionsandconditionsofrailwaybuildingsandequipment.Hereareseveralcommonrailwaytracksigns:Thissignislocatedat

theintegerkilometersoftherailwayline,indicatingacertainkilometerfromthestart.KilometerpostThissigncanoftenbediscoveredatthepointofgradientchange.Itshowsthedirection,valueandlengthofthegradesection.GradientpostRailwayTrackSignsPracticalReadingRailwayTrackSignsGenerally,thissignappearsatthebridgeheadandprovidesinformationaboutthenumberingandthecenterkilometerageofthebridge.BridgepostThecenterkilometerageandthelengthofthetunnelcanbothbeseenclearlyonthissignwhichisoftenlabeledonthesideofthetunnelportal.TunnelpostSetatthemidpointofthecurve,thissignmarksthelengthofthecurve,thetransitioncurve,theradius,etc.Curvepost

VocabularyWordsconcisely

adv.

簡潔地，簡練地integer

n.

整數(shù)indicate

v.

表明，顯示gradient

n.

坡度，斜坡radius

n.

半徑Phrasesavarietyof

各種各樣的Technicaltermscenterkilometerage

中線里程transitioncurve

緩和曲線IntensiveReadingBPutthelettersinthecorrectordertospellthewords.Thenrearrangethelettersincirclesforthefinalword.1PracticalReadingExtendedExercise1ruadis2malkieogeter3retaivy4diagenrt5onsycleicThefinalwordisradiuskilometeragevarietygradientconciselycurveWorkwithapartnerandcompletetheactivitybyfollowingthetwosteps.2PracticalReadingExtendedExerciseTrytodescribeeachtracksigninthetextinEnglishtoyourpartner.Step1Example:Thefirsttracksignindicatesthatwehavetraveled396kilometersfromthestart.Drawthetracksignthatyourpartnerdescribes.Step2PracticalReading

你注意過鐵路沿線的標(biāo)志嗎？你想過它們是怎樣為火車司機(jī)和鐵路養(yǎng)路工們提供指引的嗎？線路標(biāo)志設(shè)有各種各樣的形態(tài)，通過各種方式提供信息，鐵路建筑、設(shè)備的位置和狀況在這樣精巧的設(shè)計下一目了然。以下是幾種常見的鐵路線路標(biāo)志：該標(biāo)志位于鐵路線的整數(shù)公里處，指示距離起點的公里數(shù)。公里標(biāo)我們常?？梢栽谄露茸兓幙吹竭@種標(biāo)志。它顯示坡段的方向、數(shù)值和長度。坡度標(biāo)鐵路線路標(biāo)志PracticalReading一般來說，該標(biāo)志會在橋頭出現(xiàn)，提供有關(guān)橋梁編號和中線里程的信息。橋梁標(biāo)該標(biāo)志通常出現(xiàn)在隧道入口的一側(cè)。通過該標(biāo)志，我們可以清楚地看到中線里程和隧道長度。隧道標(biāo)該標(biāo)志設(shè)置在曲線的中點，用于標(biāo)記曲線長、緩和曲線長、曲線半徑等。曲線標(biāo)鐵路線路標(biāo)志12345WarmingUpIntensive

ReadingAIntensive

ReadingBPracticalReadingReadingintoChinaReadingintoChinaWuhanYangtzeRiverBridge1TheWuhanYangtzeRiverBridgeisthefirsthighway-railwaycombinedbridgeovertheYangtzeRiver.Itisalsoknownasthe“FirstBridgeovertheYangtzeRiver”.2Thebridgeis1,670meterslong.Theupperdeckofthebridgecarriesa4-lanehighwaywithasidewalkoneachsideforpedest