生殖內(nèi)分泌學(xué)【-】課件

生殖內(nèi)分泌學(xué)蔡永杰醫(yī)師財(cái)團(tuán)法人奇美醫(yī)院生殖醫(yī)學(xué)中心生殖內(nèi)分泌學(xué)蔡永杰醫(yī)師1內(nèi)分泌學(xué)概論外分泌腺(有管腺)汗腺、乳腺、唾液腺。內(nèi)分泌腺(無管腺)下視丘、腦下腺、甲狀腺、副甲狀腺、腎上腺、性腺、松果腺、胰臟、胸腺。內(nèi)分泌學(xué)概論外分泌腺(有管腺)2人體的內(nèi)分泌腺人體的內(nèi)分泌腺3分泌的種類分泌的種類4分泌的種類Autocrine:amodeofhormoneactioninwhichahormonebindstoreceptorsonandaffectsthefunctionofthecelltypethatproducedit.Paracrine:atypeofhormonefunctioninwhichhormonesynthesizedinandreleasedfromendocrinecells

bindstoitsreceptorinnearbycellsofadifferenttypeandaffectstheirfunction.Endocrine:appliedtoorgansandstructuresthatreleasetheirproductsintothebloodorlymph,andtosubstances(hormones)thatexertspecificeffectsonotherorgans.分泌的種類Autocrine:amodeofhormo5荷爾蒙的種類固醇類(steroid)三個(gè)六碳環(huán)與一個(gè)五碳環(huán)Cortisol,testosterone,progesterone,estrogenPolypeptides&醣蛋白類(glycoprotein)Polypeptides：ADH,insulin,oxytocinglycoprotein：TSHAminesEpinephrine,norepinephrine,T3,T4荷爾蒙的種類固醇類(steroid)6荷爾蒙的種類荷爾蒙的種類7Endocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)ReceptorvsTargetcellEndocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)ReceptorvsTar8Endocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)固醇類激素

脂溶性Receptor在細(xì)胞質(zhì)內(nèi)Estrogen-receptorcomplexEstrogen-receptorcomplex/DNADNA→RNARNA→ProteinProtein→reactionPolypeptides激素水溶性Receptor在細(xì)胞核內(nèi)T4→T3→T3-bindingproteinT3/DNADNA→RNARNA→ProteinProtein→reactionEndocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)固醇類激素Polypepti9Endocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)Endocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)10Endocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)Endocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)11Endocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)Amines類激素

水溶性Receptor在細(xì)胞膜內(nèi)Primarymessenger→secondarymessengercAMP(環(huán)單磷酸腺甘酸)cGMP(環(huán)單磷酸鳥甘酸)CalciumIP3(肌醇三磷酸)DAG(二乙硫甘油脂)secondarymessenger→ProteinkinaseAProteinkinaseA→reactionEndocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)Amines類激素12Endocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)Endocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)13Endocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)cAMP(環(huán)單磷酸腺甘酸)H+R→ATPcAMP→activatedPKAcGMP(環(huán)單磷酸鳥甘酸)H+R→GTPcGMP→activatedPKACalciumH+R→calciumchannelopen→Ca+++calmodulin(調(diào)鈣蛋白)IP3(肌醇三磷酸)H+R→G-protein→phospholipaseC(PLC)→PIP2IP3+DAGDAG(二乙硫甘油脂)Endocrine的作用機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)cAMP(環(huán)單磷酸腺甘酸)14Endocrine的回饋控制負(fù)回饋?zhàn)饔?大部份)GnRH→FSH,LHTRH→TSHCRH→ACTHSS→GH正回饋?zhàn)饔?少部份)OxytocinEndocrine的回饋控制負(fù)回饋?zhàn)饔?大部份)15生殖內(nèi)分泌學(xué)【-】課件16生殖內(nèi)分泌學(xué)【-】課件17下視丘與腦下垂體下視丘與腦下垂體18下視丘位於大腦正中底部、腦下腺上方、緊臨視丘區(qū)的下方圍繞第三腦室。可分泌調(diào)節(jié)激素經(jīng)由門脈系統(tǒng)進(jìn)入腦下腺。下視丘位於大腦正中底部、腦下腺上方、緊臨視丘區(qū)的下方圍繞第三19生殖內(nèi)分泌學(xué)【-】課件20下視丘

GnRH(性腺刺激素釋放激素)→FSH,LHTRH(甲狀腺刺激素釋放激素)→TSHCRH(腎上腺皮質(zhì)素刺激素釋放激素)→ACTHGHRH(生長(zhǎng)激素刺激素釋放激素)→GHPRH(泌乳刺激素釋放激素)PIH泌乳刺激素抑制激素)MRF(黑色素刺激素釋放因子)MIF(黑色素刺激素抑制因子)下視丘

GnRH(性腺刺激素釋放激素)→FSH,LH21GnRHGnRH的神經(jīng)元位於中底下視丘(MBH)的弓狀神經(jīng)核與前下視丘的視神經(jīng)前區(qū)GnRHGnRH的神經(jīng)元位於中底下視丘(MBH)的弓狀神經(jīng)核22GnRHGnRHisasmallpeptidewith10aminoacidswithsomevariationintheaminoacidsequenceamongvariousmammals.GnRHGnRHisasmallpeptidewi23生殖內(nèi)分泌學(xué)【-】課件24GnRH半生期2-4分鐘膜動(dòng)式分泌濾泡前期90分鐘濾泡後期60分鐘黃體前期100分鐘黃體後期200分鐘GnRH半生期2-4分鐘25下視丘-腦下腺-卵巢

Thehypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian(H-P-O)axis下視丘-腦下腺-卵巢

Thehypothalamus-26生殖內(nèi)分泌學(xué)【-】課件27生殖內(nèi)分泌學(xué)【-】課件28下視丘與腦下垂體

解剖與功能上的相關(guān)性下視丘與腦下垂體

解剖與功能上的相關(guān)性29腦下腺腦下腺又稱腦下垂體約1.3公分位於蝶鞍內(nèi)。以腦下垂體柄(漏斗)與下視丘相連。分三部份前葉75%(腦下腺腺體部)、來自為外胚層。中間部、可分泌黑色素細(xì)胞刺激素後葉25%(腦下腺神經(jīng)部neurohypophysis),含有下視丘的神經(jīng)軸突末端腦下腺腦下腺又稱腦下垂體約1.3公分位於蝶鞍內(nèi)。以腦下垂體柄30生殖內(nèi)分泌學(xué)【-】課件31腦下腺腦下腺前葉的細(xì)胞嗜酸性細(xì)胞GH、PRL嗜鹼性細(xì)胞TSH、FSH、LH無顆粒性細(xì)胞ACTH腦下腺腦下腺前葉的細(xì)胞32濾泡刺激素

(follicle-stimulatinghormone；FSH)和黃體生成素合稱性腺刺激素♂：刺激睪丸製造精子與支持細(xì)胞分泌抑制素♀：刺激濾泡的發(fā)育與動(dòng)情素的分泌濾泡刺激素

(follicle-stimulatingh33FSH/LH在男性的作用FSH/LH在男性的作用34FSH/LH在女性的作用FSH/LH在女性的作用35黃體刺激素

(Luteinizinghormone；LH)和濾泡刺激素合稱性腺刺激素♀：刺激卵巢的排卵作用、刺激黃體的生成並分泌黃體激素?！幔捍碳げG丸的間質(zhì)細(xì)胞生成與分泌睪固酮(testosterone)。黃體刺激素

(Luteinizinghormone；LH36泌乳激素(Prolactin)加強(qiáng)黃體生成素的作用。促進(jìn)乳腺的發(fā)育與分泌乳汁。平常:濃度低排卵後：濃度上升月經(jīng)時(shí)：濃度下降剛生產(chǎn)後：濃度下降哺乳時(shí)：濃度上升泌乳激素(Prolactin)加強(qiáng)黃體生成素的作用。37催產(chǎn)激素(Oxytocin)刺激子宮平滑肌的收縮促進(jìn)乳腺管平滑肌上皮的收縮將乳汁排出催產(chǎn)激素(Oxytocin)刺激子宮平滑肌的收縮38催產(chǎn)激素(Oxytocin)的作用催產(chǎn)激素(Oxytocin)的作用39RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lue-SCm6#Kue-VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7#Kue-SCm6#Kue-VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGq9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGq9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGq9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1UEo8$MAj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5Z