江蘇省2021屆新高考高三第一學(xué)期質(zhì)量檢測(cè)模擬英語試題(解析版)

江蘇省2020-2021學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期新高考質(zhì)量檢測(cè)模擬試題英語試題考生注意：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必用藍(lán)、黑色字跡的鋼筆或圓珠筆將自己的姓名、班級(jí)、學(xué)號(hào)填寫在相應(yīng)位置上．2．本次考試時(shí)間120分鐘，滿分150分．3．請(qǐng)?jiān)诿芊饩€內(nèi)作答，保持試卷清潔完整．第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillNickdotonight?A.Attendaparty.B.Gotoaconcert.C.Havearestathome.2.Whydoesthemancomehere?A.Toreporthisloss.B.Togetatrainticket.C.Tohaveadrivinglesson.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thelatestfashion.B.Avacationplan.C.Agreatmuseum.4.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Theiroffice.B.Arestaurant.C.Thecitypark.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthefilm?A.Disappointing.B.Confusing.C.Amusing.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6、7題。6.Howmanybedroomsdoestheapartmenthave?A.1.B.2.C.3.7.Forwhatdidn’tJimrenttheapartment?A.Thehighrent.B.Thedarkcarpet.C.Thesmallkitchen.聽下面一段對(duì)話,回答第8至10題。8.WhendidJasonwatchafilm?A.LastWednesday.B.LastSaturday.C.LastSunday.9.WithwhomdidJasonclimbtheGreatWall?A.Hisfriends.B.Hiscolleagues.C.Hisclassmates.10.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.GobacktotheUS.B.Uploadpicturestoherblog.C.ReadaboutJason’sexperience.聽下面一段對(duì)話,回答第11至13題。11.HowdidHelencontactthecompany?A.Byemail.B.Byphone.C.Byletter.12.Whatisthedutyofthejobinthead?A.Tolookafterchildren.B.Toworkforanewspaper.C.Toserveinaphonecompany.13.OnwhatconditionswouldHelenacceptthejob?A.Theplaceisfun.B.Thepayisgood.C.Theworkiseasy.聽下面一段對(duì)話,回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Doingasurvey.B.Hostingaprogram.C.Forecastingtheweather.15.Whichplaceexperiencedmanythunderstormslastmonth?A.England.B.Wales.C.America.16.WhatshouldthenormaltemperaturebeinIndiaatthistimeofyear?A.42degrees.B.45degrees.C.48degrees.17.WhatistheweatherlikeinSwitzerland?A.Itisextremelyhot.B.Ithasstrongwinds.C.Itrainsheavily.聽下面一段獨(dú)白,回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeaker?A.Anenvironmentalofficial.B.Aprogramproducer.C.Ascientist.19.Wheredidthespeakerdothetask?A.Inaboat.B.Atauniversity.C.AtaTVstation.20.Whyarethesharksreturning?A.Thereismorefoodtoeat.B.Thewaterqualityisbetter.C.Huntingisforbidden.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIdecidedtoskitotheNorthPole.ItwasafterIsawanadvertisementinanewspaperlookingforpeopletojoinateamtoski350milestotheNorthPole.Backin1996，therehadneverbeenawomanfromtheUKwhohadaccomplishedthischallenge.Iwonderedwhatitwouldbeliketosurviveintemperaturescoldenoughtofreezeyourfleshinseconds，soIsentofftheapplicationform.Theapplicationformfullofpicturesofmaleexplorersarrived.Thewords“Areyoumanenoughfortheultimate(極限的)challenge？”mademeangryandevenmoredeterminedtogetontheteam.Over500individualsappliedforaplaceintheteam，andtheselectionprocessincludedphysicalandpsychologicaltestsdesignedtopickthebestgroup.Inonetest，therewasahugeropeladderwehadtoclimb，andIfrozeatthetopbecauseIhaveafearofheights.Ithoughtmyhopeswerefadingasmostotherapplicantssailedpast，leavingmebehind.Buttwoothershelpedmeover，andlaterIfoundoutthattheorganizerswerenotlookingforamazingindividuals，butgreatteamplayers，andthismomenthadshownthemwhowouldtakecareofothersintheteam.Ihadrevealed(顯示)myweakness，andinaplaceliketheArctic，youhavetobeyourself，asthereisnowheretohide.Thesepersonalitiesofaskingforhelpandshowingweaknessarenecessaryforwomentomaster.Irealizedthatbybeingmyself，Icouldsucceed.Iwasselectedfortheteam.IrealizedthatIcouldachievemorethanIeverimagined—moreimportantly，bysharingmystorywithothers，Icouldinspirethemtotakeastepintothenewworldandrevealmoreoftheirabilities.1.Howdidtheauthorreacttoseeingtheadvertisement?A.Shegotcross. B.Shewasdetermined.C.Shegotfrightened. D.Shewashesitating.2.Whatdidtheorganizersviewasthemostimportantintheselectionofnewhands?A.Personalquality. B.Individualability.C.Spiritofteamwork. D.Couragetochallenge.3.What’stheintentionoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?A.Toinspireustoprepareforourfuturegoal.B.Toadvisewomenhowtoturntoothers.C.Tomakesuggestionstoherteammembers.D.Toencouragepeopletoexploretheunknown.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文，作者通過介紹自己參加北極滑雪隊(duì)選拔測(cè)試的經(jīng)歷激勵(lì)人們探索新世界，多展示自己的能力?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句“IdecidedtoskitotheNorthPole.ItwasafterIsawanadvertisementinanewspaperlookingforpeopletojoinateamtoski350milestotheNorthPole.Backin1996，therehadneverbeenawomanfromtheUKwhohadaccomplishedthischallenge.（我在報(bào)紙上看到一則招聘參加滑行350英里去北極的滑雪隊(duì)的廣告后，我決定滑雪去北極。早在1996年，還沒有一個(gè)英國(guó)女性能完成這項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)）”可知，作者在讀到廣告之后，下決心去申請(qǐng)參加這項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“andlaterIfoundoutthattheorganizerswerenotlookingforamazingindividuals，butgreatteamplayers，andthismomenthadshownthemwhowouldtakecareofothersintheteam.”（后來我發(fā)現(xiàn)組織者尋找的不是優(yōu)秀的個(gè)人，而是優(yōu)秀的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員，這一時(shí)刻向他們展示誰會(huì)在團(tuán)隊(duì)中照顧其他人）”可知，組織者認(rèn)為新人選拔中團(tuán)隊(duì)精神是最重要的，故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)作者對(duì)自己申請(qǐng)?zhí)魬?zhàn)和參加北極探險(xiǎn)選拔測(cè)試的描述，尤其最后一段中““.Iwasselectedfortheteam.IrealizedthatIcouldachievemorethanIeverimagined—moreimportantly，bysharingmystorywithothers，Icouldinspirethemtotakeastepintothenewworldandrevealmoreoftheirabilities.”（我被選入了這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，我意識(shí)到我可以取得比我想象中更多的成就。更重要的是，通過與他人分享我的故事，我可以激勵(lì)他們向新世界邁出一步，展示出更多的能力）”可知，作者旨在通過與他人分享該故事，激勵(lì)他們邁出一步，進(jìn)入新的世界，展示他們更多隱藏的能力，故選D。BFormanyofus，summertimemeansroadtripstothebeachormountains，orattheveryleastsomeadditionaldustandbirdpoopontheexteriorofourvehicles.Theextradirtleadsustodooneoftwothings：washourcarinthedrivewayorheadtothecarwash.Butwhichchoiceisbetterfortheenvironment?Themainconcernswitheitherchoicearetheamountoffreshwaterbeingusedandthetypesofchemicalsusedtoremovethedirt.Bothoftheseconcernscanbecloselymonitoredwhenwashingthecarathome，saysKatyGresh，spokeswomanfortheSouthwestRegionofthePennsylvaniaDepartmentofEnvironmentalProtection.Sheadvisescarownerstoputasideasetamountofwaterfortheentirewash.“It’sjustlikebrushingyourteeth，”shesays.“Youdon’twanttoleavethewaterrunningorusemorethanyouneedforthejob.”Butevenfollowingthisadvicecomeswithanenvironmentalrisk：Washingyourcarinthedrivewayorstreetflushesthedirtywaterintostormdrains.JohnSchombertisexecutivedirectorof3RiversWetWeather.Hisorganizationworkstoeducatethepublicaboutstormsewers(下水道)andwaterrunoff，keepingthisuntreatedwaterfromenteringtheAlleghenyregion’swaterways.“Weaskpeopletoconsiderwashingtheircarsonlawnsorotherpermeable(透水的)surfaceswherethewatergetsabsorbed，”Schombertsays.“Soilcanbreakdownandhelpfilter(過濾)thosethings，”Schombertsays.“Stormsewersarenotmadeforwastedisposal.”Evenwhencarownersusenaturalsoapstowashtheircars，whichSchombertsaysareprobablyineffectiveatbreakingdowngreaseanyway.Thecommercialcarwashdownthestreetknowsfullwelltherulesregardingwastewaterinstormsewers.AccordingtotheInternationalCarwashAssociation(ICA)，professionalcarwashesmustusewaterreclamationsystems.Thesemandatedprocessesnotonlykeepthedirtywateroutofstormsewersandregularwatertreatmentsystems，buttheyalsoworktoreducewaterusageatcommercialfacilities.4.Whatworriespeoplewhentheyhavetheircarswashed?A.Thedirtcannotberemovedeasily.B.Largequantitiesofwaterarewasted.C.Thewashingwaysdonogoodtotheircars.DTheusedchemicalsareharmlesstotheenvironment.5.What’sthedisadvantageofwashingcarsathome?A.Itisnoteasytodealwith.B.Itcannotcleanthedirtcompletely.C.Itconsumesalargeramountofwater.D.Itdoesmuchdamagetotheenvironment.6.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.DoYouPutCarwashingatRisk?B.WhichIsBetter：CarWashorDIY?C.WhyDishwashersAreBetterthanHandWashing?D.DoAmericansUseLessWaterthanTheyDidYearsAgo?【答案】4.B5.D6.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了哪一種洗車方法對(duì)環(huán)境更有益處：在家還是去洗車公司。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Themainconcernswitheitherchoicearetheamountoffreshwaterbeingusedandthetypesofchemicalsusedtoremovethedirt.(這兩種選擇的主要問題是所使用的淡水量和用于清除污垢的化學(xué)物質(zhì)的類型。)”和“Sheadvisescarownerstoputasideasetamountofwaterfortheentirewash.(她建議車主在整個(gè)清洗過程中預(yù)留一定數(shù)量的水。)”可推斷，在外邊洗車時(shí)，人們擔(dān)心會(huì)浪費(fèi)掉更多的水。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Butevenfollowingthisadvicecomeswithanenvironmentalrisk：Washingyourcarinthedrivewayorstreetflushesthedirtywaterintostormdrains.(但即使遵循這一建議，也會(huì)帶來環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：在車道或街道上洗車會(huì)將臟水沖進(jìn)雨水溝)”可知，在家洗車對(duì)環(huán)境造成很大的破壞。故選D。6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后兩句“Theextradirtleadsustodooneoftwothings：washourcarinthedrivewayorheadtothecarwash.Butwhichchoiceisbetterfortheenvironment?(這些額外的臟東西會(huì)使我們做以下兩件事之一：在私人車道上洗車，還是去洗車處洗車。但是哪種選擇對(duì)環(huán)境更好呢？)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了在專業(yè)洗車店里洗車和自己動(dòng)手洗車，到底哪個(gè)對(duì)環(huán)境更有益處。所以“WhichIsBetter：CarWashorDIY?”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。CClassifyingthingsiscriticalforourdailylives.Forexample,wehavetodetectspammail(垃圾郵件),falsepoliticalnews.WhenweuseAI,suchtasksarebasedon“classificationtechnology”inmachinelearning—havingthecomputerlearn,usingtheboundaryseparatingpositiveandnegativedata.Forexample,“positive”datawouldbephotosincludingahappyface,and“negative”dataphotosthatincludeasadface.Onceaclassificationboundaryislearned,thecomputercandeterminewhetheracertaindataispositiveornegative.However,thedifficultywiththistechnologyisthatitrequiresbothpositiveandnegativedataforthelearningprocess,andnegativedataarenotavailableinmanycases.Forinstance,whenaretailer(零售商)istryingtopredictwhowillmakeapurchase,theycaneasilyfinddataoncustomerswhohavepurchasedfromthem(positivedata),butitisbasicallyimpossibletoobtaindataoncustomerswhohaveneverpurchasedfromthem(negativedata),sincetheydonothaveaccesstotheircompetitors’data.AccordingtoleadauthorTakashiIshidafromRIKENAIP,“Previousclassificationmethodscouldnotcopewiththesituationwherenegativedatawerenotavailable,butwehavemadeitpossibleforcomputerstolearnwithonlypositivedata,aslongaswehaveaconfidencescoreforourpositivedata,constructedfrominformationsuchasbuyingintentionortheactiverateofappusers.Usingournewmethod,wecanletcomputerslearnaclassifieronlyfrompositivedataequippedwithconfidence.”AccordingtoIshida,“Thisdiscoverycouldexpandtherangeofapplicationswhereclassificationtechnologycanbeused.Eveninfieldswheremachinelearninghasbeenactivelyused,ourclassificationtechnologycouldbeusedinnewsituationswhereonlypositivedatacanbegatheredduetodataregulationorbusinessconstraints(限制).Inthenearfuture,wehopetoputourtechnologytouseinvariousresearchfields,suchasnaturallanguageprocessing,computervision,robotics,andbioinformatics.”7.Howcanthecomputerdistinguishthepositivedatafromthenegativedata?A.Bylearningtheclassificationboundary.B.Byupdatingthedatacollectedregularly.C.Byseparatinghappyfacesandsadones.D.Byintroducingclassificationtechnology.8.WhyistheexamplementionedinParagraph2?A.Toprovehowimportantthepositivedataare.B.Toconfirmthatdataoncustomersarecomplete.C.Toarguethatretailersgettheircompetitors’data.D.Toexplainwhynegativedataarehardtoacquire.9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“newmethod”inParagraph3referto?A.Analyzingbuyingintention.B.Buildingaconfidencescore.C.Assessingtheactiverateofappusers.D.Equippingthecomputerwithconfidence.10.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheHistoryofClassificationTechnologyB.SmarterAI:MachineLeaningwithoutNegativeDataC.BiggerData:ComputersAssistingLanguageProcessingD.TheComparisonbetweenPositiveDataandNegativeData【答案】7.A8.D9.B10.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。分類對(duì)我們的日常生活至關(guān)重要，計(jì)算機(jī)一旦學(xué)會(huì)了分類邊界，計(jì)算機(jī)就可以確定某個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)是正的還是負(fù)的。這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的困難之處在于，在學(xué)習(xí)過程中，它既需要正的數(shù)據(jù)，也需要負(fù)的數(shù)據(jù)，而負(fù)的數(shù)據(jù)在很多情況下是不可用的。但是一項(xiàng)研究表明，在沒有負(fù)數(shù)據(jù)的情況下，只要我們對(duì)正數(shù)據(jù)有一個(gè)信心評(píng)分，我們就可以讓計(jì)算機(jī)只使用正數(shù)據(jù)來學(xué)習(xí)從而進(jìn)行分類。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“.Onceaclassificationboundaryislearned,thecomputercandeterminewhetheracertaindataispositiveornegative.”可知，一旦學(xué)習(xí)了分類邊界，計(jì)算機(jī)就可以確定某項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)是正的還是負(fù)的。所以計(jì)算機(jī)通過學(xué)習(xí)分類界限區(qū)分正負(fù)數(shù)據(jù)。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段“Forinstance,whenaretailer(零售商)istryingtopredictwhowillmakeapurchase,theycaneasilyfinddataoncustomerswhohavepurchasedfromthem(positivedata),butitisbasicallyimpossibletoobtaindataoncustomerswhohaveneverpurchasedfromthem(negativedata),sincetheydonothaveaccesstotheircompetitors’data.”可知，例如，當(dāng)零售商試圖預(yù)測(cè)誰將購(gòu)買商品時(shí)，他們可以很容易從購(gòu)買他們的商品的客戶那里獲得數(shù)據(jù)（正數(shù)據(jù)），但基本上不可能從未從他們那里購(gòu)買過的商品的客戶那里獲得數(shù)據(jù)（負(fù)數(shù)據(jù)），因?yàn)樗麄儫o法訪問競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的數(shù)據(jù)。所以為什么提到第2段中的例子是為了解釋為什么很難獲得負(fù)數(shù)據(jù)。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。由第三段“aslongaswehaveaconfidencescoreforourpositivedata,constructedfrominformationsuchasbuyingintentionortheactiverateofappusers.Usingournewmethod,wecanletcomputerslearnaclassifieronlyfrompositivedataequippedwithconfidence.”可知，只要我們對(duì)我們的正數(shù)據(jù)有一個(gè)信心評(píng)分，這個(gè)得分是由購(gòu)買意向或應(yīng)用程序用戶的活躍率等信息構(gòu)成的。使用我們的新方法，我們可以讓計(jì)算機(jī)只從有信心的正數(shù)據(jù)中學(xué)習(xí)分類。第3段下劃線的"newmethod"指的是Buildingaconfidencescore“建立信心評(píng)分”。故B選項(xiàng)正確。【10題詳解】標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文尤其是第三段“butwehavemadeitpossibleforcomputerstolearnwithonlypositivedata,aslongaswehaveaconfidencescoreforourpositivedata…”可知，分類對(duì)我們的日常生活至關(guān)重要，計(jì)算機(jī)一旦學(xué)會(huì)了分類邊界，計(jì)算機(jī)就可以確定某個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)是正的還是負(fù)的。這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的困難之處在于，在學(xué)習(xí)過程中，它既需要正的數(shù)據(jù)，也需要負(fù)的數(shù)據(jù)，而負(fù)的數(shù)據(jù)在很多情況下是不可用的。但是一項(xiàng)研究表明，在沒有負(fù)數(shù)據(jù)的情況下，只要我們對(duì)正數(shù)據(jù)有一個(gè)信心評(píng)分，我們就可以讓計(jì)算機(jī)只使用正數(shù)據(jù)來學(xué)習(xí)從而進(jìn)行分類。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“聰明的人工智能：“在沒有負(fù)數(shù)據(jù)的情況下，機(jī)器也能夠?qū)W習(xí)從而進(jìn)行分類”。故B選項(xiàng)正確。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyou'regoingabroadforcollege,youmightbethinkingabouthowtogetyourselfasafeandcozyhomefortheyearsahead.Ofcourse,dormitoriesarealwaysagoodplacetostart,butsomelargestatecollegesrequirejuniorstoliveoffcampusduetothelimitednumberofdormrooms.___11___Howtofindahouse___12___.Ifyouarejustafreshmanordon'tknowmanypeople,don'thesitatetoapproachsomeupperclassmeninyourclassesorclubs.Moreoftenthannot,upperclassmenhavemoreexperiencewithrentingandaremorefamiliarwiththeareayourschoolisin.Anothergoodideaistotalktoseniorswhoarecurrentlylivingoff-campus.Theseseniors'landlordswillmostlikelybelookingfornewtenants(房客)aftergraduation.Also,registeredrealtors（房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人）mightbeabletofindyouaplaceforafee.Inaddition,Facebookgroupscanalsoprovidesomeusefulinformation.___13___.RoommatesHavingroommatescannotonlysaveussomemoney,butalsogiveusvaluablecom-panionship.However,rememberthatfindingtherightroommatesforyouisthemostimportantthing,otherthansafetyconcerns.___14___,definitelydonotlieaboutyourpreferences,schedule,orhabits,eveniftalkingaboutthemcouldmakeyouuncomfortable.Ontheotherside,alsoremembertoaskyourpotentialroommatestotellyouaboutthemselvesindetail.___15___,pleasedoeverybodyafavorbybeingupfrontaboutit.Constantlyrunningintoconflictswithyourquietroommateisdefinitelythelastthingyouwant.A.IfyouareapartyanimalB.WhilelookingforroommatesC.GetalongwellwithyourroommatesD.WhenhavingachatwithyourroommateE.First,youcanaskyourfriendswhoarealreadylivingoffcampusF.However,bereallycarefulifyougetintouchwithstrangersthroughtheinternetG.Nonetheless,rentinganapartmentcangiveyousomehands-onexperiencewithliving【答案】11.G12.E13.F14.B15.A【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。如果你要出國(guó)讀大學(xué)，你可能會(huì)考慮如何在未來幾年給自己找一個(gè)安全舒適的家。當(dāng)然，宿舍總是一個(gè)好的開始。但一些大型州立大學(xué)由于宿舍數(shù)量有限，要求大三學(xué)生住在校外。文章就如何租到合適的公寓給出了幾點(diǎn)建議?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)上文butsomelargestatecollegesrequirejuniorstoliveoffcampusduetothelimitednumberofdormrooms.（但一些大型州立大學(xué)由于宿舍數(shù)量有限，要求大三學(xué)生住在校外）下文Howtofindahouse（如何找到一個(gè)房子）可知，G項(xiàng)“盡管如此，租一套公寓可以給你一些實(shí)際的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)”符合此處語境。故G選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)下文Ifyouarejustafreshmanordon'tknowmanypeople,don'thesitatetoapproachsomeupperclassmeninyourclassesorclubs.（如果你只是一個(gè)大一新生，或者不認(rèn)識(shí)很多人，不要猶豫，在你的班級(jí)或俱樂部里找一些高年級(jí)的同學(xué)）及上文somelargestatecollegesrequirejuniorstoliveoffcampus（一些大型州立大學(xué)要求大三學(xué)生住在校外）可知，E項(xiàng)“首先，你可以問問已經(jīng)住在校外的朋友”符合此處語境。故E選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)上文Inaddition,Facebookgroupscanalsoprovidesomeusefulinformation.（此外，F(xiàn)acebook群組還可以提供一些有用的信息）可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“然而，如果你通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與陌生人聯(lián)系，一定要小心”符合此處語境。故F選項(xiàng)正確。【14題詳解】根據(jù)本段主旨Roommates（室友）可知，B項(xiàng)“找室友的時(shí)候”符合此處語境，意為“在找室友的時(shí)候，絕對(duì)不要謊報(bào)你的喜好、時(shí)間表或習(xí)慣，即使談?wù)撨@些會(huì)讓你感到不舒服”。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)下文Constantlyrunningintoconflictswithyourquietroommateisdefinitelythelastthingyouwant.（和安靜的室友經(jīng)常發(fā)生沖突絕對(duì)是你最不想看到的事情）可知，此處指“如果你是聚會(huì)迷，請(qǐng)大家開誠(chéng)布公，把問題擺到桌面上談清楚”，由此可知，A項(xiàng)“如果你是聚會(huì)迷”符合此處語境。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】七選五題型主要考查上下文的理解與推斷，雖然文章整體難度一般低于閱讀理解，但是卻給很多同學(xué)造成了很大的心理障礙。七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選五個(gè)，比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選一個(gè)，感覺干擾性更大，很大同學(xué)在做這個(gè)題目時(shí)，總有一種眼花繚亂、心煩氣躁的感覺，致使往往正確率不高。在這里提醒同學(xué)們，首先要克服心理障礙，同時(shí)要注意方式方法。其次，注意設(shè)空前后的句子，因?yàn)檫@些句子之間是順承和聯(lián)系的，所有一定要聯(lián)系和理解上下文的語境。例如第4小題，根據(jù)本段主旨Roommates（室友）再根據(jù)后文Ontheotherside,alsoremembertoaskyourpotentialroommatestotellyouaboutthemselvesindetail.可知，找室友時(shí)彼此開誠(chéng)布公地交流，B項(xiàng)“找室友的時(shí)候”符合此處語境，意為“在找室友的時(shí)候，絕對(duì)不要謊報(bào)你的喜好、時(shí)間表或習(xí)慣，即使談?wù)撨@些會(huì)讓你感到不舒服”。符合提議。其中B項(xiàng)中的roommates與本段主旨Roommates（室友）項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)。故B選項(xiàng)正確。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IfeelthatIwasblessedbyanAngelnotlongago.Iwasoutintownwithmyhusband.Weliveina___16___town.Becauseofthecold，my___17___shrunk，causingmyanniversaryringto___18___.Ididn’tnoticethisuntilwegothome.Ibecame___19___illachedallover.Ithoughtmyhusbandwasgoingtohaveaheartattack.Althoughitisamaterialitem,itisyetvery___20___.Hewentoutandretracedour___21___towherewecameback．Icalledthestoreswewereinandnoone___22___itin.Ithoughtitwas___23___forsure．Well，ataroundmidnightlastnight，ourdogswentmad.Wehaveasunroom___24___toourhome．Thedoortothatisusually___25___.Butthatnight,weleftitunlocked．Myall-terrainmotorscooter(小型摩托車)was___26___outthere．Initsbasketwasaringbox…h(huán)oldingmyring!Alongwiththeringwasadiamondcircle．Therewasalsoa___27___thattoldthestoryofthisstranger___28___theringandrecognizingtheworkasitisapiecemadeparticularly.Thepersonthenwenttothejewelerand___29___aboutfindingthering.Thejewelerisafriendofminesoshegavehermy___30___andthetownissosmall，weare___31___tofind．Thestrangerwhofoundthering___32___theribbon(絲線)inthestoreinordertokeeptheringaroundthefingerwhenitis___33___out.AndthenalsoleftagiftcardforustotakeourfamilyouttothemoviesasaChristmasgift.Thenotewas___34___“Santa’sElf(小精靈)”.Myfriendiskeepingherlips___35___aboutwhomitwas．16A.modern B.small C.big D.developed17.A.ring B.hand C.brain D.finger18.A.falloff B.1eavebehind C.breakdown D.goaway19.A.firmly B.formally C.identically D.physically20.A.valuable B.challenging C.memorable D.beneficial21.A.footprints B.steps C.streets D.directions22.A.took B.pressed C.turned D.counted23.A.gone B.stolen C.changed D.transformed24.A.adapted B.attached C.exposed D.held25.A.open B.abandoned C.closed D.locked26.A.made B.parked C.repaired D.destroyed27.A.slogan B.advertisement C.note D.announcement28.A.handling B.exploring C.finding D.chasing29.A.explained B.complained C.wondered D.argued30.A.phonenumber B.photo C.mailbox D.name31.A.difficult B.easy C.incredible D.complex32.A.purchased B.tore C.sold D.borrowed33.A.warm B.rainy C.foggy D.cold34.A.called B.written C.signed D.noticed35.A.tight B.painted C.secret D.clear【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.D20.C21.B22.C23.A24.B25.D26.B27.C28.C29.A30.D31.B32.A33.D34.C35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者不小心弄丟了戒指，撿到戒指的好心人找到了戒指的主人也就是作者，將戒指放在她的車?yán)锊⒏缴狭艘粋€(gè)紙條寫著找尋戒指主人的經(jīng)過。【16題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.modern現(xiàn)代的；B.small小的；C.big大的；D.developed發(fā)達(dá)的。根據(jù)最后一段的“thetownissosmall”可知作者所在的城鎮(zhèn)很小（small），故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.ring戒指；B.hand手；C.brain大腦；D.finger手指。根據(jù)后文可知作者的周年紀(jì)念戒指丟了，戒指是戴在手指（finger）的，因?yàn)楹?，手指收縮了戒指才會(huì)掉，故選D。【18題詳解】考查詞組辨析。A.falloff脫落；B.leavebehind留下；C.breakdown（機(jī)器等）損壞；D.goaway離開。因?yàn)楹洌渲笍氖种干厦撀淞?，A項(xiàng)符合邏輯，故選A項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.firmly堅(jiān)定地；B.formally正式地；C.identically相同地；D.physically身體上地。根據(jù)后文“Ithoughtmyhusbandwasgoingtohaveaheartattack.”可知在發(fā)現(xiàn)戒指不見后，作者覺得丈夫的心臟病要發(fā)了，這是身體上的反應(yīng)，所以作者也應(yīng)該是身體上（physically）渾身疼痛，選D?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.valuable有價(jià)值的；B.challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)性的；C.memorable值得紀(jì)念的；D.beneficial有益的。根據(jù)前文.Ididn'tnoticethisuntilwegothome.Ibecame___4___illachedallover.Ithoughtmyhusbandwasgoingtohaveaheartattack.可知作者夫婦知道戒指不見之后，反應(yīng)很大，說明這枚戒指應(yīng)該是很有意義的，故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.footprints腳?。籅.steps步子；步伐；C.streets壓力；D.directions方向。作者的丈夫又出去，沿著他們之前的步子（step）尋找戒指，選B。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義和詞組辨析。A.took拿；B.pressed按壓；C.turned翻轉(zhuǎn)；D.counted數(shù)數(shù)，計(jì)算。本題要注意各個(gè)選項(xiàng)是與后面的itin搭配的，takesthin意為“接受；接納”，turnsthin意為“上交，返還”，countin意為“把…..算進(jìn)去”。根據(jù)“Icalledthestoreswewerein”可知作者給他們之前去過的商店打了電話，打電話肯定是詢問有沒有撿到戒指，但是沒有人撿到返還（turnin），C項(xiàng)最符合語境，故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.(be)gone不見了；B.stolen偷竊；C.changed改變；D.transformed轉(zhuǎn)變；轉(zhuǎn)換。sthbegone是固定用法，意為“某物不見了，消失了”。根據(jù)前文Icalledthestoreswewereinandnooneturneditin.”可知作者給去過的商店打電話，但是沒有返還戒指。這時(shí)候作者認(rèn)為她的戒指沒了（wasgone），選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.adapted適應(yīng)；B.attached把…….附在……上；C.exposed暴露；D.held舉行。sunroom意為“日光浴室”，在這里人可以沐浴到陽光。作者家里有一間附屬于（attachedto）房子的日光浴室，選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.open打開；B.abandoned遺棄；C.closed關(guān)閉；D.locked把……鎖起來。根據(jù)后文“Butthatnight,weleftitunlocked.”可知那天晚上，作者沒鎖日光浴室的門。作者平常都會(huì)把門鎖上（lock），但是那天晚上沒鎖。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.made做；制造；B.parked停放（車輛）；C.repaired修復(fù)；修理；D.destroyed破壞。句意：我的小摩托車停放在那兒。根據(jù)句意，小摩托車停放（park）在日光浴室，而不是被修理（repair），破壞(destroyed)或者制作(made)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.slogan標(biāo)語；B.advertisement廣告；C.note紙條；D.announcement宣言。根據(jù)后文“Thenotewas___19___"Santa'sElf(小精靈)”可知車籃里除了戒指，還有一張紙條(note),故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.handling處理；B.exploring探索；C.finding發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.chasing追逐。這位好心人發(fā)現(xiàn)了（finding）作者的戒指，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.explained解釋；B.complained抱怨；C.wondered想知道；D.argued爭(zhēng)論。句意：那個(gè)人找到了寶石匠，解釋到他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一枚戒指。根據(jù)句意，A項(xiàng)切題，故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.phonenumber電話號(hào)碼；B.photo照片；C.mailbox郵箱；D.name名字。根據(jù)前文可知好心人將戒指直接放在了車籃里，如果知道的是作者的電話號(hào)碼或者郵箱應(yīng)該會(huì)直接聯(lián)系作者去拿，不會(huì)就放在籃子里。根據(jù)“Thejewelerisafriendofmine”可知寶石匠是作者的朋友，所以寶石匠應(yīng)該是給了那位好心人作者的名字（name）。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.difficult困難的；B.easy容易的；C.incredible難以置信的；D.complex復(fù)雜的。根據(jù)前文“thetownissosmall,”可知城鎮(zhèn)很小，所以找到作者一家很容易。選B。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.purchased購(gòu)買；B.tore撕裂；C.sold售賣；D.borrowed借。根據(jù)inthestore可知那人是在商店里，肯定是購(gòu)買（purchased）絲線，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.warm溫暖的；B.rainy多雨的；C.foggy有霧的；D.cold寒冷的。根據(jù)前文“Becauseofthecold”可知現(xiàn)在天氣很冷，故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.called給……打電話；B.written寫；C.signed署名；D.noticed察覺。句意：紙條的署名為“圣誕老人的小精靈”。根據(jù)句意，Santa'sElf(小精靈)是那位好心人的名字，所以是署名為“"Santa'sElf(小精靈)”，故選C。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.tight緊的；牢固的；B.painted被描繪的；C.secret秘密的；D.clear清晰的。根據(jù)前文可知那人將自己稱為圣誕老人的小精靈，說明他不想讓作者知道自己是誰。所以作者的朋友緊緊（tight）地閉著嘴，不告訴作者那個(gè)人到底是誰。選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據(jù)上下文來學(xué)會(huì)“推理”出最佳選項(xiàng)。同學(xué)們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來查找信息。比如第1小題，根據(jù)文章最后的thetownissosmall可以推斷出作者這里想表達(dá)的是城鎮(zhèn)很?。╯mall），故選B項(xiàng)small。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填人適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MoreandmorepublicschoolsinAmericamakeitarulethatstudentsmustfinishacertainamountofcommunityservice___36___theyareallowedtograduatefromhighschool.Theyworkonprojectslikemakingtheenvironmentbetteror___37___(feed)homelesspeople.ManyschoolsystemsintheUnitedStatesnowaskstudents___38___(do)somekindsofcommunityserviceaspartoftheirstudies.Studentsinvolvedinserviceprojectshelp___39___(they)aswellastheircommunities.Theylearnabouttheneedsofpeopleandaid___40___(organize).Forthisreason,holidays___41___(become)theprimeperiodforvolunteerworksofar.Volunteersgetnopay,butexpertspointoutthatitis___42___excellentopportunitytolearnandpracticenewskills.Accordingtothestatistics,morethan60%ofyoungAmericanshaveparticipated___43___differentkindsofcommunityservice,suchascookingforhomelesspeople,orpaintingoldbuildings,etc.Somestudentsliketodotheirvolunteerworkin___44___(centre)partsofAmerica,butthemajorityofteensprefertodoitintheirhometowns.Tom,a16-year-oldmiddleschoolstudentinCalifornia,often___45___(do)communityserviceinalocalhospital.Heworks16hourseveryweekeitherreceivingcallsattheinformationdesk,orhelpingpushpatientsbacktotheirwards(病房).【答案】36.before37.feeding38.todo39.themselves40.organizations41.havebecome42.an43.in44.central45.does【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要說明了美國(guó)的公立大學(xué)規(guī)定，在學(xué)生從高中畢業(yè)之前必須完成一定數(shù)量的社區(qū)服務(wù)，并講了社區(qū)服務(wù)對(duì)于學(xué)生自身和社區(qū)的好處。【36題詳解】考查狀語從句。根據(jù)句意，要求學(xué)生在從高中畢業(yè)之前，一定完成一定數(shù)量的社區(qū)服務(wù)。表示之前用before引導(dǎo)狀語從句。故填before?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。or前后連接兩個(gè)并列成分，應(yīng)保持相同的形式。or前面的動(dòng)詞用了-ing形式，所以之后的動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用-ing形式。故填feeding。【38題詳解】考查固定搭配。asksb.todosth.是固定搭配，表示要求某人做某事。故填todo。【39題詳解】考查反身代詞。對(duì)他們自身有幫助，前后在描述一類人，用反身代詞。故填themselves。【40題詳解】考查名詞。aidsth./sb.意為幫助某事或某人，其后應(yīng)用名詞，而此處不僅指一個(gè)組織。故填organizations。【41題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)后面的sofar可知此句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填havebecome。【42題詳解】考查冠詞。一個(gè)非常好的機(jī)會(huì)，元音前的不定冠詞應(yīng)用an。故填an?！?3題詳解】考查介詞。participatein為固定搭配，意為參加，參加不同的社區(qū)服務(wù)。故填in?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞。形容詞修飾名詞，故此處應(yīng)用centre的形容詞形式。故填central。【45題詳解】考查主謂一致。根據(jù)Heworks得知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。該句主語為Tom為第三人稱，謂語是做，用do的第三人稱形式，為does。故填does。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)46.假定你是紅星中學(xué)的高三學(xué)生李華。今年寒假你參加了學(xué)校組織的赴美游學(xué)活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)給接待你的Smith夫婦寫一封感謝信，內(nèi)容包括：1．感謝對(duì)你的照顧；2．感謝帶你體驗(yàn)西方文化；3．邀請(qǐng)他們來中國(guó)游玩。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearMrandMrsSmith，_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua【答案】參考范文DearMrandMrsSmith，How’severythinggoing？It’sbeenalmostaweeksinceIleftAmericaandImissyouverymuch.Duringthewinterholiday，youtookgoodcareofme.Yourlovemademefeelathome.Besides，youshowedmearoundNewYorkandthevisittoTimesSquarewasgreat，whichleftmeagoodmemoryandhelpedmelearnmor