2010年高考英語試題-江蘇卷

2010年江蘇高考英語試題第二部分：基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)應(yīng)用第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)選擇Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthat peoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor newJiangsu./;aB./;theC.the;aD.the;theThedoctorisskilledattreatinghearttroubleandneveracceptsanygiftfromhispatients,sohehasaverygood .expectationB.reputationC.contributionD.civilization---Why,Jack,youlooksotired!---Well,I thehouseandImustfinishtheworktomorrow.waspaintingB.willbepaintingC.havepaintedD.havebeenpaintingThousandsofforeignerswere totheShanghaiWorldExpothedayitopened.attendedB.attainedC.attractedC.attached---Ihaven'tgotthereferencebookyet,butI'llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.---Don'tworry.You haveitbyFriday.A.couldB.shallC.mustD.mayTheexperimenthas thepossibilityoftheexistenceofanylifeonthatplanet,butitdoesnotmeanthereisnolifeonotherplanets.A.foundoutB.pointedoutC.ruledoutD.carriedout---DoyouthinktheirtabletennisteamwillwinthefirstplaceatthecomingAsianGames?--- .Oursismuchstrongerthantheirs.A.OfcourseB.ItdependsC.Don'tmentionit D.BynomeansTheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu, thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.A.enablingB.havingenabledC.toenableD.tohaveenabledSofarwehavedonealottobuildalow-carboneconomy,butitis ideal.Wehavetoworkstillharder.A.nexttoB.farfromC.outofD.dueto---Peter,wheredidyouguysgoforthesummervacation?---We busywithourworkformonths,sowewenttothebeachtorelaxourselves.A.wereB.havebeenC.hadbeenD.willbe---Ihavetriedveryhardtofindasolutiontotheproblem,butinvain.---WhynotconsultwithFrank?Yousee, .A.greatmindsthinkaliketwoheadsarebetterthanoneabirdinthehandisworthtwointhebushit'sbettertothinktwicebeforedoingsomethingThenewly-builtcaf,thew<allsof arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especiallyafterhardwork.A.that B.it C.what D.which---Iseveryonehere?---Notyet…Look,there therestofoureB.comes C.iscoming D.arecomingGeorgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI'dratherhe moreonitsculture.A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused---IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSunday.---That's Idon'tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.A.whereB.howC.whenD.what第二節(jié)：完形填空Anotherperson'senthusiasmwaswhatsetmemovingtowardthesuccessIhaveachieved.Thatpersonwasmystepmother.IwasnineyearsoldwhensheenteredourhomeinruralVirginia.Myfather__36__metoherwiththesewords:“Iwouldlikeyoutomeetthefellowwhois__37__forbeingtheworstboyinthiscountyandwillprobablystartthrowingrocksatyouno__38__thantomorrowmorning.”Mystepmotherwalkedovertome,__39__myheadslightlyupward,andlookedmerightintheeye.Thenshelookedatmyfatherandreplied,“Youare__40__.Thisisnottheworstboyatall,__41__thesmartestonewhohasn'tyetfoundanoutlet（釋放的途徑）forhisenthusiasm.”Thatstatementbegana（n）betweenus.Noonehadevercalledmesmart.Myfamilyandneighborshadbuiltmeupinmy__43__asabadboy.Mystepmotherchangedallthat.Shechangedmanythings.She__44__myfathertogotoadentalschool,fromwhichhegraduatedwithhonors.Shemovedourfamilyintothecountyseat,wheremyfather'scareercouldbemore__45__andmybrothersandIcouldbebetter__46__.WhenIturnedfourteen,heboughtmeasecondhand__47__andtoldmethatshebelievedthatIcouldbecomeawriter.Iknewherenthusiasm,I__48__it,andIsawhowithadalreadyimprovedourlives.Iacceptedher__49__andbegantowriteforlocalnewspapers.Iwasdoingthesamekindof__50__thatgreatdayIwenttointerviewAndrewCarnegieandreceivedthetaskwhichbecamemylife'sworklater.Iwasn'tthe__51__beneficiary（受益者）.Myfatherbecamethe__52__manintown.Mybrothersandstepbrothersbecameaphysician,adentist,alawyer,andacollegepresident.Whatpower__53__has!Whenthatpowerisreleasedtosupportthecertaintyofone'spurposeandis__54__strengthenedbyfaith,itbecomesanirresistible（不可抗拒的）forcewhichpovertyandtemporarydefeatcannever__55__.Youcancommunicatethatpowertoanyonewhoneedsit.Thisisprobablythegreatestworkyoucandowithyourenthusiasm.36.A.rushedB.sentC.carriedD.introduced37.A.distinguishedB.favoredC.mistakenD.rewarded38.A.soonerB.laterC.longerD.earlier39.A.draggedB.shookC.raisedD.bent40.A.perfectB.rightC.wrongD.impolite41.A.butB.soC.andD.or42.A.agreementB.friendshipC.gapD.relationship43.A.opinionB.imageC.expectationD.mind44.A.beggedB.persuadedC.orderedD.invited45.A.successfulB.meaningfulC.helpfulD.useful46.A.treatedB.entertainedC.educatedD.respected47.A.cameraB.radioC.bicycleD.typewriter48.A.consideredB.suspectedC.ignoredD.appreciated49.A.beliefB.requestC.criticismD.description50.A.teachingB.writingC.studyingD.reading51.A.nextB.sameC.onlyD.real52.A.cleverestB.wealthiestC.strongestD.healthiest53.A.enthusiasmB.sympathyC.fortuneD.confidenee54.A.deliberatelyB.happilyC.traditionallyD.constantly55.A.winB.matchC.reachD.doubt第三部分：閱讀理解AUsually,whenyourteacherasksaquestion,thereisonlyonecorrectanswer.Butthereisonequestionthathasmillionsofcorrectanswers.ThatquestionisWhat'yourname?'Everyonegivesadifferentanswer,buteveryoneiscorrect.Haveyoueverwonderedaboutpeoples'names?Wheredotheycomefrom?Whatdotheymean?People"sfirstnames,orgivennames,arechosenbytheirparents.Sometimesthenameofagrandparentorothermemberofthefamilyisused.Someparentschoosethenameofawell-knownperson.AboycouldbenamedGorgeWashingtonSmith;agirlcouldbenamedHelenKellerJones.Somepeoplegivetheirchildrennamesthatmeangoodthings.Clarameansbright'Beatricemeansdnewhogiveshappiness";Donaldmeansworldruler”；Leonardmeansasbraveasalion'.Theearliestlastnames,orsurnames,weretakenfromplacenames.AfamilywiththenameBrookorBrooksprobablylivednearabrook（小溪）;someonewhowascalledLongstreetprobablylivedonalong,pavedroad.TheGreenwoodfamilylivedinornearaleafyforest.Otherearlysurnamescamefrompeople'occupations.ThemostcommonoccupationalnameisSmith,whichmeansapersonwhomakesthingswithironorothermetals.Inthepast,smithswereveryimportantworkersineverytownandvillage.Someotheroccupationalnamesare:Carter---apersonwhoownedordroveacart:Potter---apersonwhomadepotsandpans.TheancestorsoftheBakerfamilyprobablybakedbreadfortheirneighborsintheirnativevillage.TheCarpenter'great-great-great-grandfatherprobablybuilthousesandfurniture.Sometimespeoplewereknownforthecoloroftheirhairorskin,ortheirsize,ortheirspecialabilities.WhenthereweretwomenwhowerenamedJohninthesamevillage,theJohnwiththegrayhairprobablybecameJohnGray.OrtheJohnwhowasverytallcouldcallhimselfJohnTallman.JohnFishwasprobablyanexcellentswimmerandJohnLightfootwasprobablyafastrunneroragooddancer.Somefamilynamesweremadebyaddingsomethingtothefather'name.English-speakingPeopleadded—or-son.TheJohnsonsaredescendantsofJohn;theRobertsfamily"sancestorwasRobert.IrishandScottishpeopleaddedMacorMcorO.PerhapsalloftheMacDonnellsandtheMcDonnellsandtheO'DonnellsaredescendantsofthesameDonnell.WhichofthefollowingaspectsdothesurnamesinthepassageNOTcover?Placeswherepeoplelived. B.People'scharacters.C.Talentsthatpeoplepossessed. D.Peoplesoccupations.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zAccordingtothepassage,theancestorsofthePotterfamilymostprobably .A.ownedordroveacart B.madethinswithmetalsC.madekitchentoolsorcontainers D.builthousesandfurnitureSupposeanEnglishcouplewhoseancestorslivednearaleafyforestwantedtheirnew-bornsontobecomeaworldleader,thebabymightbenamed .A.BeatriceSmith B.LeonardCarterC.GeorgeLongstreetD.DonaldGreenwoodTheunderlinedword“descendants”inthelastparagraphmeansaperson's .A.latergenerations B.friendsandrelativesC.colleaguesandpartnersD.latersponsorsBItisreportedthatconservationgroupsinNorthAmericahavebeenarguingaboutthebenefitsanddangersofwolves.Somegroupsbelievewolvesshouldbekilled.Otherpeoplebelievewolvesmustbeprotectedsothattheywillnotdisappearfromthewilderness（荒野）.ForKillingWolvesInAlaska,thewolfalmostdisappearedafewyearsago,becausehunterswerekillinghundredsofthemforsport.However,lawswereestablishedtoprotectthewolvesfromsportsmenandpeoplewhocatchtheanimalsfortheirfur.Sothewolfpopulationhasgreatlyincrease.Nowtherearesomanywolvesthattheyaredestroyingtheirownfoodsupply.Awolfnaturallyeatsanimalsinthedeerfamily.Peopleinthewildernessalsohuntdeerforfood.Manyoftheanimalshavebeendestroyedbytheverycoldwintersrecentlyandbychangesinthewildernessplantlife.Whenthedeercan'tfindenoughfood,theydie.Ifthewolvescontinuetokilllargenumbersofdeer,theirprey（獵物）willdisappearsomeday.Andthewolveswill,too.Sowemustchangethecycleoflifein thewildernesstobalancetheecology.Ifwekilledmorewolves,wewouldsavethemandtheirpreyfromdyingout.We 'dalsosavesomefarmanimals.Inanothernorthernstate,wolvesattackcowsandchickensforfood.Farmerswantthegovernmenttosendbiologiststostudytheproblem.Theybelieveitnecessarytokillwolvesinsomeareasandtoprotecttheminplaceswherethereisasmallwolfpopulation.AgainstKillingWolvesIfyouhadlivedlongago,youwouldhaveheardmanydifferentstoriesaboutthedangerouswolf.Accordingtomoststorieshungrywolvesoftenkillpeopleforfood.Eventoday,thestoriesofthe“bigbadwolf”willnotdisappear.Butthefactiswolvesareafraidofpeople,andtheyseldomtravelinareaswherethereisahumansmell.Whenwolveseatotheranimals,theyusuallykillthevery young,orthesickandinjured.Thestrongestsurvive.Nokindofanimalwouldhavesurvivedthroughthecenturiesiftheweakmembershadlived.Thathasalwaysbeenalawofnature.Althoughsomepeoplesayitisgoodsensetokillwolves,wesayitisnonsense!Researchershavefoundwolvesandtheirpreylivinginbalance.Thewolveskeepthedeerpopulationformbecomingtoolarge,andthatkeepsabalanceinthewildernessplantlife.Therealproblemisthattheareaswherewolvescanlivearebeingusedbypeople.Evenifwildernesslandisnotuseddirectlyforhumanneeds,thewolvescan'talwaysfindenoughfood.Sotheytraveltothenearestsource,whichisoftenafarm.Thenthereisdanger.The“bigbadwolf”hasarrived!Andeveryoneknowswhathappensnext.Accordingtothepassage,somepeopleinNorthAmericafavorkillingwolvesforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat .A.therearetoomanywolves B.theykilllargenumbersofdeerC.theyattackcowsandchickensforfood D.theydestroythewildernessplantlifeSomepeopleareagainstkillingwolvesbecause .wolveshelptokeeptheecologicalbalaneeinthewildernessthereistoosmallawolfpopulationinthewildernesstherearetoomanydeerinthewildernesswolvesareafraidofpeopleandneverattackpeopleAccordingtothoseagainstkillingwolves,whenwolveseatotheranimals, .theynevereatstrongandhealthyonestheyalwaysgoagainstthelawofnaturetheymighthelpthiskindofanimalssurviveinnaturetheydisturbtheecologicalbalanceinthewildernessThelastsentenceAndeveryoneknowswhathappensnext”impliesthatinsuchcasesfarmanimalswillbeindangerandhavetobeshippedawaywolveswillkillpeopleandpeoplewillinturnkillthemwolveswillfindenoughfoodsourcesonfarmspeoplewillleavetheareaswherewolvescanliveCBORDERCROSSINGSWhiletherearenorestrictionsontheamountofmoneythatyoucanbringacrosstheborder,youmustreporttoboththeUSandCanadianborderservicesamountsequaltoorgreaterthan$10,000.PERSONALEXEMPTIONS。ONPURCHASESAMERICANSRETURNINGTOTHEUSLessthan48hours: $200US48hoursormore: $800USduty-freepersonalexemption,next$1,000USat3%Includingupto100cigarsand100cigarettesCANADIANSRETURNINGTOCANADALessthan24hours:$50CAN48hoursormore: $400CANIncludingupto100cigarsand200cigarettes.7daysormore: $750CANIncludingupto100cigarsand200cigarettes.DOCUMENTATIONNEEDEDFORBORDERCORSSINGSLANDORSEATOTHEUS(INCLUDINGFREEIES)Avalidpassportorpassportcard,oraNEXUScard.(ANEXUScardisaTrustedTravelerProgramthatprovidesquicktravelforpre-approved,lowrisktravelersthroughspeciallanes.)ArecentWashingtonState,NewYorkorBCdriver'license.Note:Children15yearsofageandyoungerrequireonlyabirthcertificateorcopy.（Certifiedcopiesarenotrequiredbutareadvised.）AIRTRAVELTOTHEUSAvalidpassport,anAirNEXUScard,oraU.S.CoastGuardMerchantMarineDocument.IfaCanadianwhoisona7-daytriptoNewYorkbuys$800CANworthofgoods,howmuchshouldhepaytaxonwhenreturninghome?A.$800CAN B.$750CAN C.$800CAN D.$50CANForanAmericancitizenona2-daytourofCanada,howmuchtaxdoeshehavetopayon$1,600USworthofpurchaseswhenreturningtotheUS?A.$24US. B.$48US. C.$52US. D.$200US.Whatdocumentationshouldacouplewitha7-year-oldchildcarrywhentheydriveacarfromCanadatoAmerica?ABCdriver'slicense,anAirNEXUScard,andbirthcertificate.AnAirNEXUScard,aU.S.CoastGuardMerchantMarineDocument,andabirthcertificate.Twovalidpassportcardsandcertifiedcopyofabirthcertificate.ANEXUScard,aU.S.CoastGuardMerchantMarineDocument,andcertifiedcopyofabirthcertificate.DImagine,oneday,gettingoutofbedinBeijingandbeingatyourofficeinShanghaiinonlyacoupleofhours,andthen,afterafulldayofwork,goingbackhometoBeijingandhavingdinnerthere.Soundsunusual,doesn'tit?Butit'notthatunrealistic,withthedevelopmentofChina'highspeedrailwaysystem.Andthat'notall.Chinahasanevengreaterhigh-speedrailwayplan---toconnectthecountrywithSoutheastAsia,andeventuallyEasternEurope.Chinahasproposedthreesuchprojects.ThefirstwouldpossiblyconnectKunmingwithSingaporeviaVietnamandMalaysia.AnothercouldstartinUrumqiandgothroughKazakhstanandUzbekistan,andpossiblytoGermany.ThethirdwouldstartinthenortheastandgonorththroughRussiaandthenintoWesternEurope.IfChina'planforthehigh-speedrailwaygoesforward,peoplecouldzipoverfromLondontoBeijinginundertwodays.Thenewsystemwouldstillfollowchina'high-speedrailwaystandard.Andthetrainswouldbeabletogo346kilometersanhour,almostasfastassomeairplanes.China'bullettrain（高速客車）,theoneconnectingWuhantoGuangzhou,alreadyhastheworld'fastestaveragespeed.Itcovers1,069kilometersinaboutthreehours.Ofcourse,therearesometechnicalchallengestoovercome.Therearesomanyissuesthatneedtobesettled,suchassafety,railgauge（車距）,maintenanceofrailwaytracks.So,it'importanttopayattentiontoeverydetail.Butthekeyissueisreallymoney.Chinaisalreadyspendinghundredsofbillionsofyuanondomesticrailwayexpansion.Chinaprefersthattheothercountriespayinnaturalresourcesratherthanwithcapitalinvestment.ResourcesfromthosecountriescouldstreamintoChinatosustaindevelopment.It'llbeawin-winproject.Forothercountries,therailwaynetworkwilldefinitelycreatemoreopportunitiesforbusiness,tourismandsoon,nottomentionthebettercommunicationamongthosecountries.ForChina,suchaprojectwouldnotonlyconnectitwiththerestofAsiaandbringsomemuch-neededresources,butwouldalsohelpdevelopChina'sfarwest.Weforeseethatinthecomingdecades,millionsofpeoplewillmigratetothewesternregions,wherethelandisemptyandresourcesunused.Withhigh-speedtrains,peoplewillsetupfactoriesandbusinesscentersinthewestonceandforall.Andthey'lltradewithCentralAsianandEasternEuropeancountries.China'snewhigh-speedrailwayplanwillbeawin-winprojectbecause .A.Chinawillgetmuch-neededresourcesanddevelopitswesternregionsChinaandthecountriesinvolvedwillbenefitfromtheprojectinvariouswaysChinawilldevelopitsrailwaysystemandcommunicationwithothercountriestheforeigncountriesinvolvedwilldeveloptheirrailwaytransportation,businessandtourismAccordingtothepassage,thegreatestchallengetothenewhigh-speedrailwayplanisA.technicalissuesB.safetyofthesystemC.financialproblemsD.maintenanceofrailwaytracksWhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetowardsChina'shigh-speedrailwayplan?A.Critical.B.Reserved.C.Doubtful.D.Positive.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.NewRailwayStandardsB.BigRailwayDreamsC.High-speedBulletTrainsD.InternationalRailwayNetwork第四部分：任務(wù)型閱讀Formorethantwentyyearsscientistshavebeenseekingtounderstandthemysteryofthe“sixthsense”ofdirection.Bytryingoutideasandsolvingproblemsonebyone,theyarenowgettingclosertooneanswer.Onefunnyideaisthatanimalsmighthaveabuilt-incompass（指南針）.Ourearthitselfisabigmagnet（磁鐵）.Soalittlemagneticneedlethatswingsfreelylinesitselfwiththebigearthmagnettopointnorthandsouth.Whenpeoplediscoveredthatideaaboutathousandyearsagoandinventedthecompass,itallowedsailorstonavigate（航海）onoceanvoyages,evenundercloudyskies.Actuallytheideaofthelivingcompasscamejustfromobservinganimalsinnature.Manybirdsmigratetwiceayearbetweentheirsummerhomesandwinterhomes.Someofthemflyforthousandsofkilometersandmostlyatnight.Experimentshaveshownthatsomebirdscanrecognizestarpatterns.Buttheycankeeponcourseevenundercloudyskies.Howcantheydothat?Acommonbirdthatdoesnotmigratebutisgreatatfindingitswayhomeisthehomingpigeon.Notallpigeonscanfindtheirwayhome.Thosethatcanareverygoodatit,andtheyhavebeenwidelystudied.Oneinterestingexperimentwastoattachlittlemagnetstothebirds'headstoblocktheirmagneticsense---justasaloudradiocankeepyoufromhearingacalltodinner.Onsunnydays,thatdidnotfoolthepigeons.Evidentlytheycanusethesuntotellwhichwaytheyaregoing.Butoncloudydays,thepigeonswithmagnetscouldnotfindtheirway.Itwasasifthemagnetshadblockedtheirmagneticsense.Similarexperimentswiththesamekindofresultsweredonewithhoneybees.Theseinsectsalsoseemtohaveaspecialsenseofdirection.Inspiteoftheexperiments,theideaofananimalcompassseemedprettyextraordinary.Howwouldananimalgetthemagneticstuffforacompass?Ananswercamefromanunexpectedsource.Ascientistwasstudyingbacteriathatliveinthemudofpondsandmarshes.Hefoundaccidentallylittlerod-likebacteriathatallswamtogetherinonedirection---north.Furtherstudyshowedthateachlittlebacteriumhadachainofdenseparticlesinside,whichprovedmagnetic.Thebacteriahadmadethemselvesintolittlemagnetsthatcouldlineupwiththeearth'smagnet.Thebignewswasthatalivingthing,evenasimplebacterium,canmakemagnetite.Thatledtoasearchtoseewhetheranimalsmighthaveit.Byusingaspecialinstrumentcalledmagnetometer,scientistswereabletofindmagnetiteinbeesandbirds,andeveninfish.Ineachanimal,exceptforthebee,themagneticstuffwasalwaysinorclosertothebrain.Thus,theideaofabuilt-inanimalcompassbegantoseemreasonable.TheMagneticSense---TheLivingCompassPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsTheexisteneeoftheearthmagnetandtheinventionofthenavigatingcompassOurearthisabigmagnetandalittlefreely(71)magneticneedlelinesitselfwiththeearthmagnettopointnorthandsouth.(72) ontheideaabove,thenavigatingcompasswasinvented.Thepossibilityofbirds'built-incompassesOnepieceofevideneeisthe(73) ofmanybirdsbetweentheirsummerhomesandwinterhome