2017年高二英語人教版選修8教案：Unit1AlandofdiversityPeriod2 Word版含解析

Unit1AlandofdiversityPeriod2LanguageStudy整體設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析Theemphasisofthisperiodwillbeplacedontheimportantnewwords，phrasesandsentencepatternsinWarmingUp，Pre-reading，Reading，ComprehendingandDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsinLearningaboutLanguage.Therearealtogether47newwordsandphrasesinthesefiveparts.14ofthemaremarkedwithtriangles，whichshowsthatthestudentsneedn'tlearnthembyheart.Itisenoughtorecognizethemwhenmeetingthemwhilereadingthepassage.Theother33shouldallberemembered，amongwhichthefollowingwordsandexpressionsareevenmoreimportant：distinction，majority，percentage，liveon，bymeansof，makealife，keepup.Theyareallveryusefulandimportant.Soarethesentencepatterns“CaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.”，“ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia，noonereallyknows.”Weoughttopaymoreattentiontothem.三維目標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)Knowledgeandskills1．Togetthestudentstolearntousethefollowingimportantnewwordsandphrasesfreely：distinction，majority，percentage，liveon，bymeansof，makealife，keepup.2．Togetthestudentstounderstandandusethefollowingimportantandusefulsentencepatterns：（1）Californiaisthe_third_largeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.（2）Exactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhat_we_now_know_as_California，noonereallyknows.Processandmethods1．Tohelpthestudentstounderstandthemeaningsoftheaboveusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthecontext，andthengivesomeexplanationsaboutthem，andatlastoffersomeexercisestomakethestudentsmastertheirusages.2．Toaskthestudentstomaketheirownsentencesbyimitatingtheabovesentencepatterns.3．Attheendoftheclass，makestudentsdomoreexercisesforconsolidation.Indoingso，theycanlearn，graspandusetheseimportantlanguagepointswell.Emotion，attitudeandvalue1．Tostimulatestudents'interestinlearningEnglish.2．Todevelopstudents'senseofcooperationandteamwork.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)1．Importantnewwordsandexpressions：distinction，rnajority，percentage，liveon，bymeansof，makealife，keepup2．Importantandusefulsentencepatterns：（1）Californiaisthe_third_largeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.（2）Exactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhat_we_now_know_as_California，noonereallyknows.3．Somedifficultandlongsentencesinthetext.教學(xué)過程Step1RevisionⅠ．WriteoutthewordsinColumnAaccordingtothemeaningsinColumnB.ColumnAColumnB1．______2．______3．______4．______5．______6．______7．______8．______9．______10．______11．______12．______clearlydifferentorbelongingtoadifferenttypeaquickincreaseofbusinessactivitytohappenorexistinaparticularplaceorsituationawayofdoingorachievingsomethingtochoosetodosomethingmostofthepeopleorthingsinagrouptoshowthataparticularsituationexistseasytonotice，obvioustoslideashortdistanceaccidentally，andfallorloseyourbalanceslightlynotinanyplaceortoanyplacetoimproveasystem，law，organizationetc.bymakingalotofchangestoitthepoweryouhavebecauseofyourofficialpositionⅡ．TranslatethefollowingphrasesintoChinese.1．liveon____________2．bymeansof____________3．makealife____________4．keepup____________5．backtoback____________6．teamupwith____________7．markout____________8．takein____________9．a(chǎn)good/greatmany____________10．a(chǎn)pplyfor____________11．declarewaron____________12．ratherthan____________Suggestedanswers：Ⅰ．1．distinct2．boom3．occur4．means5．elect6．majority7．indicate8．a(chǎn)pparent9．slip10．nowhere11．reform12．a(chǎn)uthorityⅡ．1．繼續(xù)存在；繼續(xù)生存2．用……辦法；借助……3．習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等4．堅(jiān)持；維持；沿襲5．背靠背6．與……合作或一起工作7．畫線，標(biāo)出……界線8．包括，吸收9．許多，很多10．申請；請示得到11．對……宣戰(zhàn)12．而不是Step2ReadingandfindingGetstudentstoreadthroughWarmingUp，Pre-reading，Reading，ComprehendingandDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsinLearningaboutLanguagetounderlineallthenewwordsandusefulexpressionsorcollocationsintheseparts.Readthemaloudandcopythemdownintheexercisebook.Step3Exercisesforusefulwordsandexpressions1．TurntoPage4.GothroughtheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionswithstudentsandmakesuretheyknowwhattodo.2．Givethemseveralminutestofinishtheexercises.Theymayfirstdothemindividually，andthendiscussandcheckthemwiththeirpartners.3．Checktheanswerswiththewholeclassandexplaintheproblemstheymeetwherenecessary.Step4VocabularystudyⅠ．簡單知識掃描1．distinction（P1）【原句再現(xiàn)】ItalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA，havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.加州與眾不同之處在于它也是美國最具多元文化的一個州，它吸引了來自世界各地的人們?！居^察探究】（1）Whatisthedistinctionbetweenbutterfliesandmoths?蝴蝶與飛蛾有什么不同之處？（2）Thereisafinedistinctionbetweenthetwowords.這兩個詞之間有細(xì)微區(qū)別。（3）Wemustmakeadistinctionbetweenfreedomandlicense.我們必須把自由和放縱區(qū)分開來。（4）Employersshouldhiremenandwomenwithoutdistinction.雇主用人應(yīng)不分男女?！練w納總結(jié)】distinctionn．差別；區(qū)分makeadistinctionbetween對……加以區(qū)分withoutdistinction無差別地，一視同仁地【知識鏈接】distinctadj.“與其他不同的，有區(qū)別的；清晰的，明顯的，明確的”。如：Thosetwoideasarequitedistinctfromeachother.這兩種觀點(diǎn)截然不同。Youshouldmakeyourwritingdistinct.你應(yīng)把字寫清楚?！炯淳盎钣谩堪严旅婢渥臃g成漢語：（1）Thereisadistinctpossibilitythatshe'llbeyourteachernextterm.________________________________________________________________________（2）Thetwinshaddistincttastes.____________________________________________（3）Weshouldmakeadistinctionbetweenrightandwrong._______________________Suggestedanswers：（1）她下學(xué)期當(dāng)你們老師的可能性很大。（2）這對雙胞胎嗜好不同。（3）我們應(yīng)該分清是非。2．majority（P2）【原句再現(xiàn)】OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia，themajoritywerereligiousmen，whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.在首批移居加利福尼亞的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他們的職責(zé)是向土著人傳授天主教?！居^察探究】（1）Themajoritywere/wasagainsttheplan.多數(shù)人不贊成這個計(jì)劃。（2）Themajorityofchildreninourclasshavebrowneyes.我們班大多數(shù)孩子是棕色眼睛。（3）It'sapitythatthemajorityofthisearnestandtirelessinstructionallamountstoplayingthelutetoacow.可惜，大多數(shù)的諄諄教導(dǎo)都是對牛彈琴。（4）Hewaselectedbyalargemajority/byamajorityof3240.他以大多數(shù)票/超過對方3240票當(dāng)選?！練w納總結(jié)】majority作名詞，表示“多數(shù)；半數(shù)以上”，比most正式，主要指人，單數(shù)形式多為集合名詞。majority單獨(dú)用作主語時，可以說amajority，但一般不用于復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面的謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)均可。把“多數(shù)”當(dāng)作一個整體和少數(shù)人的整體對比時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。majority常與of連用，一般用于themajorityof或amajorityof的結(jié)構(gòu)中，其后的名詞可特指亦可不用特指，當(dāng)所指代的名詞比較明顯或可知時，of短語可以省略。themajorityof后可接單數(shù)名詞，也可接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞的數(shù)與of后面的名詞相一致。byalargemajority以大多數(shù)票byamajorityof以……票的多數(shù)【知識鏈接】minorityn.少數(shù)【即景活用】（1）Themajorityoftheaudience______fondofthemusicplayedatthebeginningofthefilm，sotheyleftthecinema.A．wasn'tB．weren'tC．don'tD．doesn't（2）____________________（大多數(shù)醫(yī)生認(rèn)為）smokingisharmfultohealth.（3）Shewon____________________（以900票的多數(shù)）．Suggestedanswers：（1）B（2）Themajorityofdoctorsbelieve（3）byamajorityof9003．percentage（P2）【原句再現(xiàn)】Today，Chinese-AmericansliveinallpartsofCalifornia，althoughalargepercentagehavechosentostayinthe“Chinatowns”ofLosAngelesandSanFrancisco.今天，加利福尼亞各地都有美籍華人居住，盡管大部分仍選擇居住在洛杉磯和舊金山的“華人街”。【觀察探究】（1）Whatpercentageofhisincomeispaidinincometax?他收入的百分之幾拿去交所得稅？（2）Ahighpercentageofthecollegestudentshavepart-timejobsathomeandabroad.不管是在國內(nèi)還是在國外，大多數(shù)大學(xué)生一邊學(xué)習(xí)一邊打工。（3）Agood/great/large/heavypercentageofschoolbooksnowhavepictures.現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)教科書都有插圖?！練w納總結(jié)】percentagen．“百分比，百分率；部分”。用作可數(shù)名詞，后常接of短語?！癮percentageof＋n.”作主語時，若of后是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，其謂詞動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；of后是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式?！炯淳盎钣谩浚?）缺席的學(xué)童占百分之幾？________________________wereabsent?（2）他們每個人都得到一部分利潤。Eachofthemgot__________________theprofits.Suggestedanswers：（1）Whatpercentageofchildren（2）apercentageofⅡ．重點(diǎn)知識探究1．liveon（P1）【原句再現(xiàn)】Thecustomsandlanguagesoftheimmigrantslive_onintheirnewhome.這些移民的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣以及語言在他們的新家都得以延續(xù)?！居^察探究】（1）Hislove，hisartandhisfriendshipwillliveoninthememoriesofallwhoknewhim.他的愛、藝術(shù)品和友誼將永遠(yuǎn)留在熟悉他的人們的記憶中。（2）Onedaywemightbeabletoreplicateourownmindsinamachine，sothatwecouldliveonwithoutthebiologicalbrainandbody.總有一天，我們可能在一臺機(jī)器里復(fù)制出我們自己的頭腦，這樣的話，我們就能夠不依賴生物大腦和人體而活著。（3）Welivedonverylittlewhenwefirstgotmarried.我們剛結(jié)婚時幾乎無以為生。（4）Idon'tknowhowtheymanagetoliveon￡55aweek.我不知道他們每周只有55英鎊是怎么生活的。【歸納總結(jié)】liveon繼續(xù)存在，繼續(xù)生存；靠……生活，以……為主食【即景活用】翻譯下列句子（1）他八十歲了，看來還能活下去。________________________________________________________________________（2）你不能僅靠面包為生。________________________________________________________________________（3）你每個月需要多少生活費(fèi)？________________________________________________________________________Suggestedanswers：（1）Heiseighty，andislikelytoliveon.（2）Youcan'tliveonbreadalone.（3）Howmuchdoyouneedtoliveoneachmonth?2．bymeansof（P2）【原句再現(xiàn)】ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericaby_means_ofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為這些遷居者通過一條史前時期曾經(jīng)存在的大陸橋穿越北極地區(qū)的白令海峽到達(dá)美洲?！居^察探究】（1）Heclimbedthetreebymeansofaladder.他用梯子爬上了樹。（2）Theysucceededbymeansofperseverance.他們依靠堅(jiān)韌不拔的精神而獲得了成功?！練w納總結(jié)】bymeansof通過；用；依靠；借助于【知識鏈接】（1）means“方法、方式、工具”，單復(fù)數(shù)同形。如：Allpossiblemeanshavebeentriedbutnoneofthemworks.（＝Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried，butnoneofthemworks.）所有可能的方法都試過了，但沒有起作用的。（2）byallmeans“一定；務(wù)必”。如：Iwillbyallmeanshelpthepoorespeciallywhentheyareintrouble.我一定會幫助窮人們，特別是他們有困難時。（3）bynomeans“一點(diǎn)也不，決不”，常位于句首，句子主謂要倒裝。如：Bynomeanscanyoubelateforschoolanymore.你決不能再上學(xué)遲到了。（4）bythismeans（＝inthisway/withthemethod）“用這種方法”。如：Canyousolvetheproblembythismeans？你能用這種方法解決這個問題嗎？（5）means/way/method辨析means表示“方法、方式、工具”，著重于具體的手段。way表示“一般的方法、方式或個人的特殊方法方式”，與技巧或效果的好壞無關(guān)。method表示“有系統(tǒng)的、有效率的精心擬定的方法”，也可以指抽象概念“條理”。【即景活用】（1）用means，way，method填空①Thesevegetablescanbecookedindifferent______.②Onlyinthis______canyoufindoutthetruth.③Bythis______Igetintouchwithhim.④Weexpressourthoughtsby______ofwords.⑤Byno______shallIlendhimmoney!⑥The______ofteachingneedimproving.（2）選擇最佳答案I'vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeans______withmyprogress.A．theteacherisnotsatisfiedB．istheteachernotsatisfiedC．theteacherissatisfiedD．istheteachersatisfiedSuggestedanswers：（1）①ways②way③means④means⑤means⑥methods（2）D3．makealife（P2）【原句再現(xiàn)】Somediedorreturnedhome，butmostremainedinCaliforniatomake_a_lifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.有些人死了或者回家了，盡管生活很艱難，但是大部分人留在了加州，適應(yīng)那兒新的生活?！居^察探究】（1）Theywenttothewestanddecidedtomakealifethere.他們?nèi)チ宋鞑康貐^(qū)，決心去那兒適應(yīng)新生活。（2）TheysettleddowninCanadaandmadealifeforthemselves.他們在加拿大定居下來，習(xí)慣新的生活方式。（3）Shewouldgototheendsoftheearthtomakeabetterlifeforthefamily.為了讓她的家庭過上更好的生活，她愿去天涯海角?！練w納總結(jié)】makealife習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等makeabetterlifefor使……過上更好的生活【知識鏈接】bringsb./sth.（back）tolife給某人/事物活力；使復(fù)活laydownone'slife（forsb./sth.）為……獻(xiàn)身；犧牲生命leadadog'slife過狗一般的生活（長期憂慮、痛苦或悲傷）makeone'swayinlife在生活中有所成就takeone's（own）life/commitsuicide自殺【即景活用】完成句子（1）He______________________________（為……獻(xiàn)身）thecauseoffreedom.（2）Theyinterviewpeoplefrom________________________（各行各業(yè)的人）．（3）SheadaptedeasilytotheFrench__________________（生活方式）．Suggestedanswers：（1）laiddownhislifefor（2）allwalksoflife（3）wayoflife4．keepup（P2）【原句再現(xiàn)】In1911immigrantsfromDenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown，whichtodaystillkeeps_uptheirDanishculture.1911年，丹麥移民建立了他們自己的城鎮(zhèn)，至今仍然保持著丹麥文化?！居^察探究】（1）Ifthisrainkeepsup，thegardenwillberuined.如果這雨繼續(xù)下，花園就完蛋了。（2）Thehighcostofmaterialskeepsupprices.材料的昂貴費(fèi)用使價格居高不下。（3）Keepyourchinup！不要?dú)怵H！【歸納總結(jié)】keepup堅(jiān)持；維持；沿襲（風(fēng)俗、習(xí)慣等）【知識鏈接】keepupwith意思是“跟上；不落后”，而catchupwith表示“縮短距離，趕上”。例如：Don'trun—Ican'tkeepupwithyou.別跑了，我趕不上你了。Arewageskeepingupwithinflation？工資跟得上通貨膨脹嗎？Noonecancatchupwiththetrain.沒有人能追得上火車?！炯淳盎钣谩窟x擇最佳答案（1）Workhard，oryoucan't______yourlessonsanymore.A．keepupB．catchupwithC．keepupwithD．catchup（2）Hebeganwalkingat4milesanhour，buthecouldn't______thatspeedandsoonbegantowalkmoreslowly.A．keeponB．keeptoC．keepupD．keepback（3）Heranfasterandfaster.Justbeforethefinishingline，he______Tomandwonthefirst.A．keptupwithB．caughtupwithC．wentuptoD．putupwithSuggestedanswers：（1）C（2）C（3）BⅢ．詞匯綜合運(yùn)用1．用括號中所給的單詞或短語翻譯下列句子。（1）我上大學(xué)時只能靠面包和水維持生活。（liveon）（2）無線電和電視是重要的通信手段。（means）（3）他們靠耐心和犧牲而取得了成功。（bymeansof）（4）課程除了介紹一般的電腦知識外，還提供實(shí)際操作的機(jī)會。（inadditionto）Suggestedanswers：（1）IhadtoliveonbreadandwaterwhenIwasacollegestudent.（2）Radioandtelevisionareimportantmeansofcommunication.（3）Theysucceededbymeansofpatienceandsacrifice.（4）Inadditiontogivingageneralintroductiontocomputers，thecoursealsoprovidespracticalexperience.2．根據(jù)漢語提示，完成下列句子。（1）____________（大部分）ofpeopleseemtopreferTVtoradio.（2）Wemakealivingbywhatweget，butwe____________（習(xí)慣于新的生活方式）bywhatwegive.（3）Althoughhewassmall，hecould____________（趕上）thelargerboysinsports.（4）Theminorityintheprimitiveforestusedto____________（以……為食）adietofwildanimals.（5）Thedevelopmentofeducationis____________（絕不是）balancedalloverthecountry.Suggestedanswers：（1）Themajority（2）makealife（3）keepupwith（4）liveon（5）bynomeansStep5Sentencefocus1．CaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.（P1）加利福尼亞是美國第三大州，但有著最多的人口。形容詞的最高級前面可以被序數(shù)詞以及byfar，much，almost，nearly，notquite等詞修飾。翻譯句子：（1）黃河是中國第二長河。________________________________________________________________________（2）亞洲是世界上最大的洲。________________________________________________________________________Suggestedanswers：（1）TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.（2）Asiaisbyfarthelargestcontinentintheworld.2．Exactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwe