主謂一致性 高中英語外研版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊

新外研社高中英語選擇性必修三Unit3WarandPeace

UsingLanguageaYourenemy

iswelltrained,wellequippedandbattle-hardened…bTheenemy

werehiding,readytoattacktheAlliedsoldiers…c…people

werecomingtogetherformemorialceremonies.Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.1Inwhichsentencedoestheword“enemy”refertodifferentmembers?Isitfollowedbyasingularverborpluralverb?Insentence(b),theword“enemy”referstodifferentmembers.Itisfollowedbyapluralverb.aYourenemy

iswelltrained,wellequippedandbattle-hardened…bTheenemy

werehiding,readytoattacktheAlliedsoldiers…c…people

werecomingtogetherformemorialceremonies.2Inwhichsentencedoestheword“enemy”refertoasingleunit?Isitfollowedbyasingularverborpluralverb?Doyouknowanyothersimilarnouns?Insentence(a),theword“enemy”referstoasingleunit.Itisfollowedbyasingularverb.Othersimilarnounsarefamily,team,class,crowd,government,etc.3Istheword“people”usuallyfollowedbyasingularverborpluralverb?Doyouknowanyothersimilarnouns?Theword“people”isusuallyfollowedbyapluralverb.Othersimilarnounsarepolice,cattle,etc.aYourenemy

iswelltrained,wellequippedandbattle-hardened…bTheenemy

werehiding,readytoattacktheAlliedsoldiers…c…people

werecomingtogetherformemorialceremonies.Nowlookformoresentencesfollowingthisruleinthereadingpassage,andsummariestheuseofsubject-verbagreementinyourownwords.一、語法一致原則ToreadEnglishaloudeverymorning_____youalotofgood.每天早晨朗讀英語有許多好處.Readingoften________learning.讀書常常意味著學(xué)習(xí).Whathesaid_____beenrecorded.他說的話已被錄音了.1.不定式,動(dòng)名詞,以及從句作主語時(shí)應(yīng)看作單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。doesmeans

has一、語法一致原則Neitherofmysisters_____sports.我的妹妹中沒人喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng).Everyboyandgirl______greatinterestinmusic.每個(gè)男孩和女孩對(duì)音樂都表現(xiàn)出很大的興趣.2.不定代詞one,every,each,everybody,everyone,oneof,noone,nothing,nobody,someone,somebody,either,neither,manya等作主語或是修飾主語時(shí)應(yīng)看作單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。likesshows一、語法一致原則OneThousandAndOneNights_____peoplelotsofmysteriousbitsoffolklore.《一千零一夜》給人們講了許多神秘的民間傳說.TheUnitedStates___leadingtheworldinscienceandtechnology.美國常在世界科技方面領(lǐng)先.3.表示國家,機(jī)構(gòu),事件,作品等名稱的專有名詞作主語時(shí)應(yīng)看作單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。tellsis一、語法一致原則1)Anumberofcars___infrontofmyhouse.A.wasparkedB.wereparkingC.isparkingD.areparked2)Thenumberofwildanimals__________(become)lessandlessinrecentyears.4.當(dāng)主語是anumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；當(dāng)主語是thenumberof+可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)anumberof許多thenumberof什么的數(shù)量hasbecome一、語法一致原則Theteacher,aswellasallhisstudents,___bythedancer’sperformance.A.wasimpressedB.hadimpressedC.impressedD.wereimpressed5.當(dāng)主語由aswellas等詞修飾時(shí)的主謂一致當(dāng)句中的主語后接aswellas,alongwith,togetherwith,including,accompaniedby等短語+名詞（代詞）時(shí)，用就遠(yuǎn)原則（AaswellasB，謂動(dòng)與A一致）一、語法一致原則Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirl

hastherighttoreceiveeducation.在我們國家每個(gè)男孩女孩都有接受教育的權(quán)利。6.當(dāng)用and連接的名詞前面有each,every等修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。each…and…,every…andevery…,manya…and…二、意義一致原則謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語的意義而不是形式所決定。1.有些名詞如people,cattle，police等沒有單數(shù)形式，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞只能用復(fù)數(shù)。1)Thepolice_____senttothespottokeeporderimmediately.2)Cattle_____allowedtograzeinthisarea.wereare2.英語中一些單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)其表達(dá)的意義來決定謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，這類名詞常見的有sheep，deer，fish，means，species，Chinese，Japanese，series等。Everypossiblemeans_____beenusedtopreventtheairpollution.has3.有些集合名詞，如public，family,enemy,audience，government，group，committee，team，media，staff，crew等作主語時(shí)，如果該名詞表示一個(gè)整體，其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；但如果這些集體名詞表示集體中的若干個(gè)體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Theteamwhich__wellorganizedismorelikelytowin.Theteam____practicinghardontheplayground.isare4.“the+形容詞或過去分詞”Therichgetricherandthepoorgetpoorer.Thewoundedweresavedbythevillagersatlast.Thewoundedintheaccidentwasapoliceman.1.physics,mathematics,economics,politics等，以及用作書名、地名、國名、地區(qū)名的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,但如果是山脈、群島、海峽、瀑布等的名稱，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式補(bǔ)充Politics____acomplicatedsubject.AlongthenorthernborderofItaly___seentheAlps,mightilyintheirsplendor.isare2.表示距離、長度、價(jià)值、金額、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，如作為一個(gè)整體來看待的話，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。Twentykilometers___aquitelongdistance.Fiftydollars____alargesumformeatthattime.iswas3.分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與of后面的名詞保持一致。Twofifthsoftheland________(cover)withtrees.20%oftheworkersinthefactory_____(be)women.iscoveredare三、就近原則1)EitherIorthey_____responsiblefortheresultofthematter.2)Notonlyhebutalsoallhisfamily_____keenonconcerts.

由or,notonly…butalso…,whether...or...,either…or…,neither…nor…連接；therebe句型兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，謂語的數(shù)與最鄰近的主語一致。areare

AmongthemanyhorrorsinflictedonhumanitybytheSecondWorldWarwasthemassivebombingofcivilians,oftenreferredtoas“terrorbombing”.Thepurposeofdoingthiswastodestroythemoraleofordinarypeopleandstopthemfromsupportingthewareffort.TheJapaneseusedterrorbombinginChina,especiallyinChongqing,whichtheybombedmorethan200timesoverthedurationoffiveandahalfyears(1938-1943),killingthousandsofChinesecivilians.

DidYouKnow?1Whoisbeinginterviewed?2Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwointerviewees?3Whataretheytalkingabout?1GaoLiandGaoMing.2Brotherandsister.3Theyaretalkingaboutthefive-yearterrorbombingcampaignbyJapaneseforcesinChongqingduringtheWarofResistanceagainstJapaneseAggression.Listentotheinterviewandanswerthequestions.1eight/82shook3firesinthedistance4eleven/115thebombingplanes6towatch7scared85June19419thebasement10fivehours11people12ourfightingspirit13around960,000ofthecity’s14“cityofheroes”15thosewelost16cherishthepeaceweenjoytodayExpressingsympathyTalkingaboutmemoriesThatmustbeterriblefor…Icanonlyimaginehowitmusthavefelt.I’msorrytohearthat.Ifeelsadfor…Iremember…ThefirstthingIrememberwas…I’llneverforget…Completetheboxeswiththeexpressionsfromtheinterview.ReadtheintroductiontoUNpeacekeepingandanswerthequestions.

Payattentiontothewordsandexpressionsinbold.1WhatisthesignificanceofUNpeacekeepingmissions?2

WhatroleisChinaplayinginUNpeacekeeping?1UNpeacekeepingmissionsaimtogivestabilitytoconfli