2024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習必修第三冊Unit2MoralsandVirtues教師用書

UNIT2MORALSANDVIRTUES一、閱讀詞匯——在詞塊中明義1．a(chǎn)formofmoralinstruction 一種道德教育2．a(chǎn)manofvirtue 品格高尚的人3．a(chǎn)faintsmellofperfume 淡淡的香水味4．illustratemypoint 闡明我的觀點5．entrustsomeone 委托某人6．returnfromafarawayplace 從遙遠的地方歸來7．a(chǎn)tmidnight 在半夜8．foodimportedfromabroad 從外國進口的食物9．disguisethenorthernaccent 掩飾北方口音10．a(chǎn)noldfable 一個古老的寓言故事二、表達詞匯——在語境中活用(一)在括號內(nèi)寫出藍體詞匯在語境中的漢語意思1．Wecannotaffordtowasteprecioustime.(adj.寶貴的)2．Ourcompanyhiredmanyforeignworkers.(vt.雇用)3．Overthepastdecade,thehillhasbecomegreen,andthelocalvillagehasgrownrich.(n.十年)4．Myarticlehasbeenpublished.(vt.發(fā)表)5．Hehasretiredfromhisjob.(vi.退休)6．Sticktoyourprinciplesandtellhimyouwon'tdoit.(n.原則)7．Theywantlesspassivewaysoffillingtheirtime.(adj.被動的)8．Thereisasharpincreaseinthenumberofthiskindofwildanimal.(adj.急劇的)9．Humanswillneverbereplacedbyrobots.(vt.取代)10．Hewhisperedtomewhetherhecouldexchangehisseatwithme.(vi.悄聲說)11．Wewerebadlybittenbymosquitoes.(vt.咬)12．Weneedamoreflexibleapproachtotheproblem.(adj.靈活的)13．Tourismisamajorsourceofincomeforourtown.(n.收入)14．Imissedthetrainandthereforewaslateforwork.(adv.因此)(二)寫出藍體詞匯的語境之義及拓展形式1．Themajorityofthestudentschosethescientist.(n.大多數(shù))拓展：majoradj.主要的；多數(shù)的vi.主修2．Henevercomplainedabouthishardship.(vi.抱怨)拓展：complaintn．抱怨3．Irespondedtomyteacherpositively.(vi.回應(yīng))拓展：responsen．反應(yīng)；回答；回復(fù)4．Irejectedhisinvitationtotheparty.(vt.拒絕接受)拓展：rejectionn．拒絕接受；否決5．Hewasappointedasthemonitor.(vt.任命)拓展：appointmentn．約會；任命6．They'veelectedthenewpresident.(vt.選舉)拓展：electionn．選舉；推選；當選7．Shesavedandtendedtheanimalswell.(vt.照顧)拓展：tendencyn．傾向；偏好8．Thestrangesoundscaredthegirl.(vt.使害怕)拓展：scaredadj.害怕的；對……感到驚慌或恐懼的→scaryadj.恐怖的；可怕的9．Hewashardworkingandenergetic.(adj.精力充沛的)拓展：energyn．能量；精力10．Thedoctorperformedtheoperation.(n.手術(shù))拓展：operatevi.工作；運轉(zhuǎn)；動手術(shù)vt.操作→operatorn．操作員11．Heassistedtheoldmaninhavingfirstaid.(vt.幫助)拓展：assistancen．幫助；協(xié)助→assistantn．助手；助理；售貨員12．Theairpollutioncanharmtheenvironment.(vt.傷害)拓展：harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.無害的三、詞塊短語——在語境中辨義活用(寫出加黑部分在語境中的漢語意思)1．Inordertobemorecharmingandslimmer,girlstendtogoonadiet.往往2．Theirsupportcarriedusthroughthehardyear.幫助我們渡過難關(guān)3．Inwhichyeardidhepassaway?去世4．TheDragonBoatFestivalisheldeveryyearonMay5thinmemoryofQuYuan.作為對……紀念5．Don'ttripoverthetoy.被……絆倒6．Sheleftherfamilyintears.含著淚7．Beingindebt,heisindespair.處于絕望中8．Asamatteroffact，Ilearnedagreatdealfromthefamousphysicianwhopassedawayjustnow.大量四、經(jīng)典句式——在佳句背誦中品悟規(guī)則用法1.教材原句Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife,andiftheyentrustmewiththatlife,howcouldIrefusethattrust,sayingI'mcold,hungry,ortired？(“否定詞＋比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示最高級意義)對一個人來說，生命是最寶貴的。而現(xiàn)在這個人對你說，我把生命交給你，那么你還說什么呢？你冷？你餓？你困？寫作亮句OnlythendidIrealizethatnothingismoremeaningfulthanhelpingothers.直到那時，我才意識到?jīng)]有什么比幫助別人更有意義的事了。文化典句Wecan,therefore,cometotheconclusionthatnothingismorepreciousthanpeaceintheworld.因此，我們可以得出結(jié)論：世上和平最珍貴。2.教材原句ThenewPeople'sRepublicofChinasawDrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.(see意為“見證”的擬人用法)中華人民共和國成立后，林巧稚醫(yī)生發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵的作用。寫作亮句(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ寫作)LastSundaysawanextraordinarycross-countryrunningrace.上周日，舉行了一場非同尋常的越野賽跑。文化典句Thepastfewdecadeshaveseenthesharpdevelopmentofourcountry,fromstandingupbravely,growingrichtobecomingstrong.過去的幾十年我們國家飛速發(fā)展，從勇敢地站起來、富起來到強大起來。五、“續(xù)寫”片段——在背誦中品悟如何寫靚寫美心理或動作描寫之“羞愧與生氣”Atthatmoment,thedoorswungopen,andRoywalkedin.Seeingthenotesinmyhands,Roylookeddownattheground,notdaringtolookatme.“Roy,whydidyoudothat？”Iaskedwithmybodytremblingwithanger.“Sorry,Daniel.It'sdifficultformymumtosupportourfamilybyherself.We'vebeengoingthroughsomefinancialdifficultiesrecently.”Hearingthis,IwalkedtowardsRoyandhuggedhimtightly.“Youshouldhavetoldme，”Iwhispered.這時，門打開了，羅伊走了進來?？吹轿沂掷锏募垘?，羅伊低頭看著地面，不敢看我?！傲_伊，你為什么這么做？”我氣得渾身發(fā)抖?！皩Σ黄?，丹尼爾。我媽媽很難獨自養(yǎng)家。我們最近遇到了一些經(jīng)濟困難。”聽到這話，我走向羅伊，緊緊地擁抱了他?！澳銘?yīng)該告訴我的，”我低聲說。[點評]本段通過使用lookeddownat,notdaringtolookat,withmybodytremblingwithanger等形象地刻畫了Roy的羞愧以及Daniel憤怒的心情。1．respondvt.回答；回復(fù)vi.做出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)[題點全練](單句語法填空)①Theresidentphysicianrespondedtothecomplaintsofhispatientsimmediately.②Thisisdonemainlytoincreaseproductivity，inresponsetothechallengeofforeigncompetition.③Shemadenoresponse(respond),whichmademeveryangry.[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)respondto 對……做出回應(yīng)或反應(yīng)；答復(fù)(2)responsen. 回答；回復(fù)；反應(yīng)inresponseto 響應(yīng)；對……做出反應(yīng)makea/noresponseto 對……做出回應(yīng)/不予回應(yīng)(3)以上短語中的to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或v.-ing形式。2．a(chǎn)ppointvt.任命；委派；約定；指定(時間、地點等)[題點全練](單句語法填空)①Hewasappointedaschairmanoftheunion，butherejectedthepositionsomehow.②Ihaveanappointment(appoint)withDrSmith，butIneedtochangeit.③Thedirectorappointedhimto_look(look)intothosecomplaints.④Ihavetoapologizetoyoufornotbeingabletoaccompanyyoutothebookshopattheappointed(appoint)time.[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)appointsb.as/tobe... 任命某人為……appointsb.todosth. 委派某人做某事(2)appointmentn. 約會；任命make/haveanappointment(withsb.) (與某人)約會/預(yù)約(3)appointedadj. 約定的；指定的3．tendvt.照顧；照料vi.傾向；趨于[題點全練](單句語法填空)①Ifyouarenotcareful,childrentendto_neglect(neglect)theirhomework.②Shewasinthebedroomtending(tend)toherson.③Itisreportedthathousingpriceshaveatendency(tend)todecreaseinsomecities.[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)tendtodosth. 易于做某事；往往會發(fā)生某事tend(to)sb./sth. 照看某人/某物(2)tendencyn. 傾向；偏好haveatendencytodosth. 有做某事的傾向4．whispervi.&vt.悄聲說；耳語；低語n.耳語(聲)；低語(聲)；傳言；謠傳[題點全練](單句語法填空/語境填空)①Itwas_whispered(whisper)thathewouldreturntothefootballfieldthenextmonth.②IsawJennyandHelentalkingtoeachotherinawhisper/inwhispers(whisper)．SuddenlyJennyleanedoverandwhisperedsomethinginHelen'sear.Iwantedtoknowwhattheywerewhisperingabout.IwhisperedtoMarythatIwouldsneakclosetofinditout.[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)whispertosb. 與某人耳語whispersth.inone'sear 在某人耳旁小聲說某事Itis/waswhisperedthat... 據(jù)秘密傳聞……(2)inawhisper＝inwhispers 耳語地；低聲地5．harmn．&vt.傷害；損害；危害[題點全練](單句語法填空)①Asweallknow,abadeatinghabitisharmful(harm)toone'shealth.②Agreatdealoftensiontendstodoharmtopeople'shealthmentally.③AsfarasI'mconcerned,thereisnoharminmakinganapologytohimfirst.[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)doharmto... 對……造成傷害/有害thereisnoharmindoingsth. 做某事沒有害處(2)harmfuladj. 有害的beharmfulto 對……有害6．carrysb.throughsth.幫助某人渡過難關(guān)[題點全練](單句語法填空)①Itwasherfamilymembers'loveandcarethatcarriedherthroughthattoughperiod.②Inmyopinion,theplanshouldbecarriedoutimmediately.③Onlywhenyouareingoodhealthcanyoucarryonstudying.[系統(tǒng)歸納]carryondoing/with... 繼續(xù)做……carryout 執(zhí)行；實施1．replacevt.接替；取代；更換；代替；把……放回原處[題點全練](單句語法填空)①Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwith/byamodernhotelornot.②Doyouthinkthatcomputerswillreplacehumansasteachersinthefuture?[進階學習]系統(tǒng)歸納replacesth.with/bysth.用某物替換某物replacesb.as...取代某人成為……聯(lián)想拓展表示“代替某人”的同義短語：inplaceofsb.，inone'splace，taketheplaceofsb.，takeone'splace[練重難點](同義句轉(zhuǎn)換/完成句子)③JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtoreplacehim.→JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtotake_the_place_of_him/take_his_place.④Afteraheateddiscussion,weagreedonmakingavideoin_place_of_an_album.經(jīng)過熱烈的討論后，我們決定制作一個視頻來代替相冊。2．a(chǎn)ssistvt.幫助；援助；協(xié)助[題點全練](單句語法填空)①Theyhiredanursetoassisttheirmotherwithherlifeuntilshepassedaway.②(2020·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)Wheneverwemeetwithproblems,ourEnglishteacherisalwaystheretoassistusto_overcome(overcome)them.[進階學習]系統(tǒng)歸納assistsb.todosth.幫助某人做某事assistsb.withsth.幫助某人某事難點釋解(1)assistsb.的另一種表達形式：cometoone'sassistance(援助某人)(2)withthehelpof的同義表達：withtheassistanceof...(在……的幫助下)[練重難點](詞匯升級/完成句子)③(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ寫作)Whenhewasworriedthathecouldn'tselloutthepopcorn，Johnassistedhim.came_to_his_assistance④(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ寫作)With_the_assistance_of_their_mother，theymanagedtomakedeliciouspopcorn.在他們的媽媽的幫助下，他們設(shè)法做出了美味的爆米花。3．a(chǎn)great/gooddeal(of)大量；許多(的)[題點全練]對比填空(agreatdeal/agreatdealof)①Ilearneda_great_dealfromthetrip.②Typically,fishingisahobbywhichcallsfora_great_deal_ofpatience.[進階學習]系統(tǒng)歸納(1)agreat/gooddeal用作副詞短語時，可用于修飾形容詞、副詞比較級來加強程度，也可以用來修飾動詞作狀語。(2)agreat/gooddealof意為“許多的，大量的”，只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞。難點釋解agreatdeal用作名詞短語時，意為“大量，許多”，作主語或者賓語。[練重難點](單句語法填空)③Agreatdealhas(have)beenstudiedandthisisthebestway.1．“否定詞＋比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示最高級意義[用法規(guī)則]常用的表示最高級的結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)“否定詞＋比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“沒有比……更……的了；沒有像……一樣……”，常用的否定詞有no,not,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等。(2)比較級＋than＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(anyother＋單數(shù)名詞,alltheother＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞,anyoneelse,anyoftheother＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞,therestof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞))(3)can/could＋never/not＋be＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容詞/副詞＋enough,too＋形容詞/副詞))[應(yīng)用體驗](句型轉(zhuǎn)換/完成句子)①Tomistallerthananyotherstudentinourclass.→Tomistallerthanall_the_other_studentsinourclass.(all)→Tomistallerthanany_of_the_other_studentsinourclass.(any)→Tomistallerthanthe_rest_of_studentsinourclass.(therest)②Yourstoryisperfect;I've_never_heard_a_better_one_before.你的故事很完美，我之前從來沒有聽過比這更好的故事。③Youcan_never_be_too_carefulwhilecrossingthestreet.過馬路時，你越小心越好。2．see意為“見證”的擬人用法[用法規(guī)則](1)see意為“見證；目睹；經(jīng)歷”時，常以表示時代、年代、世紀或地點的名詞作主語，表示某時或某地“目睹、發(fā)生、經(jīng)歷”了某事。(2)與see用法相同的動詞有find,witness,experience等，這些詞在句中作謂語，用物作主語時，表示一種擬人的修辭手法，以增添語言色彩，使表達更形象。[應(yīng)用體驗](完成句子/翻譯句子)①NationalDaysaw_people_singing_and_dancing_happilyinthestreets.Theywereallverycheerful.國慶節(jié)目睹了人們在大街上高興地又唱又跳。他們都興高采烈。②The_last_thirty_years_have_witnessedalargenumberoflawsguaranteeingusourrights.過去的三十年里制訂了大量保障我們權(quán)利的法律。③MorningfoundMaryknittingbythewindow.清晨，瑪麗在窗邊織毛衣。eq\a\vs4\al(\b\lc\|\rc\|(\a\vs4\al\co1(寫作主題——優(yōu)秀品行)))優(yōu)秀品行是一個人獨特的魅力所在，只有具備了優(yōu)秀的品質(zhì)，我們才能實現(xiàn)人生的價值，創(chuàng)造出卓越和精彩的人生。通過對該主題的考查，可以引導學生通過探討生活中常見的“道德困境”、人生中的抉擇、如何傳遞愛心、如何面對問題和障礙、如何善待他人等諸多與社會生活緊密相關(guān)的話題，啟發(fā)學生思考、分析、理解和領(lǐng)悟生活中的人與事，幫助他們樹立正確的世界觀、人生觀和價值觀。如：2021年浙江6月高考讀后續(xù)寫，講述了“我”暑假時打工掙錢貼補家用的故事。MOTHEROFTENTHOUSANDBABIES(節(jié)選自人教版教材必修第三冊UNIT2)“Lifeisprecious....?Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife,andiftheyentrustmewiththatlife,howcouldIrefusethattrust,sayingI'mcold,hungry,ortired？”ThesewordsofDrLinQiaozhigiveusalookintotheheartofthisamazingwoman,andwhatcarriedherthroughalifeofhardchoices.(通過引用林巧稚醫(yī)生的一番話，刻畫了這位偉大女性的內(nèi)心世界，為下文描述支撐著她走過充滿艱難抉擇的一生的優(yōu)秀品行做好了鋪墊)(LinQiaozhiwasdeterminedtostudymedicinewhenshewasyoung.Attheageof26,LinQiaozhigraduatedfromPekingUnionMedicalCollegeandlaterwenttostudyabroad.Althoughherforeigncounterpartsinvitedhertostay,DrLindeclinedtheinvitation.Shewantstoservethewomenandchildrenofhercountry.)?In1941,DrLinbecamethefirstChinesewomanevertobeappointeddirectoroftheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital,butjustafewmonthslater,thedepartmentwasclosedbecauseofthewar.Thinkingofallthepeoplestillinneedofhelp,DrLinopenedaprivateclinic.Shechargedverylowfeestotreatpatientsandoftenreducedcostsforpoorpatients.Attimesshewasevenseenridingadonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.(本段敘述了在戰(zhàn)爭期間，林巧稚竭盡所能給人們提供醫(yī)療幫助)ThenewPeople'sRepublicofChinasawDrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.(段落主題句，指出了林醫(yī)生在中華人民共和國成立后發(fā)揮的重要作用)In1954,shewaselectedtothefirstNationalPeople'sCongressand,overthenextseveraldecades,sheheldmanyimportantpositions.Herheart,however,waselsewhere.Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,publishingmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.(and連接三個并列動詞，形象地描繪了林醫(yī)生致力于醫(yī)學事業(yè)的優(yōu)秀品行和強烈的社會責任感)“TheOB-GYNdepartmentcaresfortwolives，”Shetoldnewstaffinherdepartment.?“Asdoctors,weshouldberesponsibleforthepatientsandtreatthemasoursisters.”ThoughLinQiaozhinevermarried,shewasknownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies”，havingdeliveredover50,000babiesinherlifetime.?DrLindidnotretireuntilthedayshedied,22April1983.Sinceshehadnochildrenofherown,shelefthersavingstoakindergartenandafundfornewdoctors.Andevenasshelaydying,herfinalthoughtswereforothers.“I'mreadytogo，”shesaid.“Don'ttrytorescuemeanymore.Don'twastethemedicineanymore.”(高度評價了林巧稚的非凡成就和高貴品質(zhì))由教材學寫法1．學亮點詞匯第一段中的entrust一詞描述了病人對林巧稚的信任，且與該句中的trust形成呼應(yīng)，增加了語言的韻律美。第四段中的key一詞寫出了林巧稚在中華人民共和國成立后發(fā)揮的重要作用。文章結(jié)尾處連用兩個not...anymore寫出了林巧稚的大愛無私的高貴品格。2．學高級句式句?是一個多重復(fù)合句，and連接兩個并列分句，并列分句中又含有主從復(fù)合句。第一分句運用了否定詞nothing與比較級moreprecious連用，強調(diào)了生命的寶貴。第二分句中if引導條件狀語從句，主句中現(xiàn)在分詞短語saying和其后省略連接詞that的賓語從句一起作伴隨狀語。此處展示了林巧稚醫(yī)生的仁慈而偉大的內(nèi)心世界。句?是一個并列復(fù)合句，轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but連接兩個并列分句。在第一分句中，不定式短語修飾被序數(shù)詞限定的名詞短語thefirstChinesewoman。強調(diào)了林醫(yī)生因為優(yōu)秀而成為北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學院婦產(chǎn)科的首位中國女主任。句?運用了not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)，突出了林醫(yī)生堅守崗位直至生命最后一天的無私奉獻精神，令人敬佩。3．學修辭手法句?中把患者比作自己的姐妹，樸實、形象又具體地表現(xiàn)了林巧稚醫(yī)生把病人看作家人，全心為病人著想的大愛無私的精神。Ⅰ.多積詞塊——豐富表達方式1．express/conveyone'sthanksto 表達對……的感激2．have/takeapositiveattitudetolife 以積極的態(tài)度對待生活3．infavourof 支持；贊成4．developaninterestin 培養(yǎng)……的興趣5．enjoy/fancydoingsth. 喜愛做某事6．haveapreference/fancyfor 喜愛7．devoteoneselfto 致力于8．inone'ssparetime 在某人的業(yè)余時間9．prefer...to (與……相比)更喜歡10．makecontributionstosociety 為社會做貢獻Ⅱ.多積佳句——彰顯表達功底1．AsfarasI'mconcerned,mymotherisalwayshelpingourneighboursorstrangers，whichmakeshergaingoodhonoursinourvillage.就我而言，我的母親總是幫助我們的鄰居或陌生人，這使她在我們的村子里獲得了良好的聲譽。2．BorninAmerica,inJune,1880,HelenKellerwasoneofthegreatestwomeninthe20thcentury.海倫·凱勒于1880年6月出生于美國，是二十世紀最杰出的女性之一。3.MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinittwice.許多人都知道居里夫人是第一位獲得諾貝爾獎的女士，同時也是兩次獲此殊榮的第一人。4．Lifeismeasuredbythoughtandaction,notbytime.人生的意義要以思想和行為來衡量，而非生命之長短。一、作文補寫表達亮下面是一篇介紹林巧稚的短文，請根據(jù)提示，運用上面所學，將文章補充完整。LinQiaozhiinMyEyesLinQiaozhi,?known_as_“mother_of_ten_thousand_babies”(聞名于世的“萬嬰之母”),isrespectedforeverbyusall.?Born_in_1901(出生于1901年),LinQiaozhi?devoted_herself_to(她致力于)medicalcausewithoutthinkingofmarriagethroughoutherlife.She?delivered_50,000_babies(接生了五萬個嬰兒)inherlifetimeand?didn't_retire_until_she_passed_away(她直到去世才退休)on22April1983.Shealsolefthersavingstoakindergartenandafundfornewdoctors.?What_strikes_me_most(最讓我感動的)isthatsheneverthoughtofherselfbutofothers.Evenasshelaydying,shechosetohelpothersandrequestedthedoctorstousethemedicineonotherpatients.LinQiaozhiwas?such_a_selfless_person_that_she_deserves_our_respect_forever(如此無私的一個人以至于她永遠受到我們的尊重)．二、續(xù)寫語段思維活結(jié)合主題，根據(jù)下面給出的開頭語和情節(jié)脈絡(luò)續(xù)寫一個80詞左右的片段。情節(jié)脈絡(luò)：Tess的弟弟得了重病，需要手術(shù)→Tess的父母付不起高昂的手術(shù)費。Tess聽到父親悲傷地對母親說，“現(xiàn)在只有奇跡才能救他。”→Tess抱著自己的存錢罐去找醫(yī)生→醫(yī)生正在和自己遠道而來的弟弟聊天，那是個穿著考究的人(awell-dressedman)→Tess打斷了他們的談話，向醫(yī)生請求買一個“奇跡”→那個穿著考究的人聽了Tess為弟弟購買“奇跡”的原因，詢問Tess有多少錢→“一美元十一美分，”Tess低聲回答……“Well,whatacoincidence，”smiledtheman.參考范文：“Well,whatacoincidence，”smiledtheman.“Onedollarandelevencents.Thatistheexactpriceofamiracleforyourlittlebrother.”Hetookhermoneyinonehandandsaid,“Now,takemetoyourhome.Iwanttoseeyourbrotherandmeetyourparents.Let'sseeifIhavethekindofmiracleyouneed.”Thewell-dressedmanhappenedtobeafamousdoctor.Havingcarefullyexaminedthelittlechild,hehelpedtheparentssendthesickboytothecity'sbesthospital,whereheperformedansuccessfuloperationonhim.Tessandherfamilywereverygratefultothemanandsaid,“Youarethemiracle！”課時作業(yè)(一)語篇閱讀訓練——保準度Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2023·珠海一模)WhenRandyHeisswenthikingbehindhisPatagonia,Ariz.farm,thelastthingheexpectedtofindwasaChristmaslistfromalittlegirlacrosstheUS-Mexicoborder.“IfoundthisballoononmymorningwalknearPatagoniaonSunday.AttachedtoitwasapieceofpaperwiththeChristmaswishesfromalittlegirl，”HeisswroteonhisFacebookpage.Whenhebroughtthelisthometohiswife,whospeaksfluentSpanish,theydeterminedthatthelittlegirlhadaskedforEnchantimalstoys,clothes,artsuppliesandvariousothergifts.That'swhenHeisssetouttomakethelittlegirl'sChristmasdreamscometrue.HeisssaidhehadattemptedtosendChristmasletterstoSantaClausviaballoonwhenhewasakidbutneverreceivedaresponse.HeisssentaFacebookmessageonWednesdaytoXENY,aradiostationinNogales,toseeifitcouldhelphimtrackdownthegirlorherfamily.Helaterreceivedaresponsefromthestation,whichhaddeterminedtheauthoroftheletterwasan8-year-oldgirlnamedDayami,andthestationwantedtosetupameetingbetweenthetwoonThursday.“Itjustchangedmyentireday，”HeisstoldtheWashingtonPost.“InsteadofgoingbacktomyofficeinBisbee,IwentwithmywifetoWalmart.”ThecoupleboughtalmosteverythingonDayami'slist.TheyalsobroughtafewgiftsforDayami'slittlesister,Ximena.Theytoldthechildrentheywere“ayudantesdeSanta”，orSanta'shelpers.Heiss,60,saidtheexperiencewasveryhealingforhimandhiswife.Nineyearsago，thecouple'sonlysondied.“BeingaroundchildrenatChristmastimehasbeenabsentinourlives，”Heisssaid.“Wenowhavefriendsforlife.Foraday,thatborderfencewithitsconcertinawiremeltedaway.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，記敘了RandyHeiss在亞利桑那州巴塔哥尼亞徒步旅行時，意外收到了來自美墨邊境的一個小女孩的圣誕禮物清單。女孩通過氣球來發(fā)送圣誕愿望。在妻子的幫助下，他們開始幫助女孩實現(xiàn)愿望。1．HowdidDayamisendoutherChristmaswishes?A．BycallingHeiss.B．Byattachingthemtoaballoon.C．Bywritingtoaradiostation.D．BysendingaFacebookmessage.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，小女孩就是Dayami，她是通過把愿望綁在氣球上發(fā)送圣誕愿望的。2．WhendidHeissknowwhatthegirlexactlywanted?A．Afterthehelpofhiswife.B．Whenhefoundtheballoon.C．AftertheirmeetinginAmerica.D．Whenhegotaresponsefromtheradiostation.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，當他把單子帶回家給能說一口流利西班牙語的妻子時，他們斷定小女孩想要的是《叢林小精靈》的玩具、衣服、美術(shù)用品和其他各種各樣的禮物。即他是通過妻子的幫助之后知道女孩到底想要什么禮物。3．WhatmightmakeHeissdecidetofulfillthelittlegirl'sChristmaswishes?A．Hisson'swill.B．Thegirlsrequestforhelp.C．Hissimilarunsuccessfulexperience.D．Hisdesiretomakefriendswiththegirl.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，當他還是個孩子的時候，他曾試圖通過氣球給圣誕老人寄圣誕信，但從未收到任何回復(fù)。由此可知他有和女孩相似的但不成功的經(jīng)歷，因此他決定幫助女孩實現(xiàn)愿望。4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Thecouplegotoutofthepaincompletely.B．Theexperiencewasagreatrelieftothecouple.C．ThecouplewouldhelpmorechildrenfromMexico.D．Therewillbenoborderbetweencountriesoneday.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知，Heiss說這段經(jīng)歷對他和他的妻子來說都具有療傷功能。因為他們九年前失去了唯一的兒子，因此這次經(jīng)歷對他們來說是一種很大的安慰。BEighthoursand48milesintowhatwassupposedtobea24-hourrun,DanFrankenteredhisColumbia,MD,homeat2amlastSaturdayandsatonthesofainthelivingroom.Frank,a36-year-oldwhoteachesmathsatPaintBranchHighinBurtonsville,runsasahobby,andabouttwoweeksearlierhesetaplanofrunningfor24straighthoursinsupportoftheHowardCountyFoodBankduringthepandemicoutbreak.Buthehit_a_wall.Frankdidn'tstaylong.Hegotbackup,hadalottoeatanddrink,andreturnedtorunningHowardCounty'sroads,“Itwaslike:‘Allright,well,youcan'timaginegettingup,butitdoesn'treallymatter.Otherpeoplearedependingonthis,sogetupandgo，’”saidFrank,whopostedupdatesofhisrunonFacebook.Latelastmonth,DavidKilgore,a28-year-oldwhohasmadeacareeroutofrunning,ran100milesinabout17hours47minutesinFloridatohelpprovidemedicalworkerswithsupportivefootwear.Frankbrainstormedhisideaandranforabouttwoweekswhilehepreparedfortheonlineclassesheisnowteaching.Frankbeganrunningaboutfiveyearsago,andhehasalwaysfeltroadracesweretooseriousforhim.Still,hewasencouragedtoprovideforthoseinneed.HischildrenattendPhelpsLuckElementary,whereeverymonthamobilefoodpantry(儲藏柜)isstationed.“Overthepastmonth,fewerdonationshavebeenmadetothefoodbank，”hesaid.“Ingoodtimes,about40familiesshowupeverytimewehavethatmobilefoodpantry,andIcan'timaginewhatitmightbelikenow,withsomanypeoplelosingtheirjobs.”O(jiān)nSundaynightFrankhadraisednearlyD|S12,000fortheHowardCountyFoodBank.“Thecoolestpartbesidesraisingthemoneyiswatchingacommunitydoacommoncauseinthesetimes，”Franksaid.“Peoplearelookingforthingslikethatnightnow.They'reathomeonFacebookanyway;theywanttocheersomethingonthathassomegoodmeaningbehindit.”eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是記敘文。一名數(shù)學老師連續(xù)跑步24小時為當?shù)氐氖澄镢y行籌款。)5．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“hitawall”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Losthisway.B．Madenoprogress.C．Gotseriouslyhurt.D．Becameterriblytired.解析：選D詞義猜測題。由第一段的描述及第三段第一、二句可推斷，F(xiàn)rank當時應(yīng)該是筋疲力盡、體力不支。6．WhatgaveFranktheideatorunforagoodcause?A．Theencouragementfromhisonlinefriends.B．Theadviceofamedicalworker.C．Anotherrunner'skindact.D．Hisgreatloveforrunning.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。第四段中講述了一名職業(yè)跑步者通過跑步做慈善的故事。結(jié)合該段中的“Frankbrainstormedhisidea”可知，F(xiàn)rank知道了該職業(yè)跑步者的暖心故事后，萌生了跑步為當?shù)氐氖澄镢y行籌款的想法。7．WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinParagraph5?A．Themobilefoodpantryispopularamongmanypeople.B．Therehasbeenagreatneedforfoodinthelocalcommunity.C．Frankmadeithistasktodosomethingforhischildren'sschool.D．Moreandmorepeopleareunwillingtosupportfeedinglocalfamilies.解析：選B推理判斷題。由第五段可知，當?shù)赜行┚用癖緛砭褪澄锒倘保F(xiàn)在既得不到救濟的食物，又丟掉了工作。由此可推斷，他們非常需要食物。8．HowdidFrank'smoney-raisingrunturnout?A．Itdrewpeople'sattentiontoexercise.B．Itreceivedalotofsupportfromothers.C．Itraisedasmuchmoneyashehadexpected.D．Itencouragedothercommunitiestodothesame.解析：選B推理判斷題。第三段中提到Frank在Facebook上發(fā)布自己跑步的最新信息。最后一段中提到周日晚上他已經(jīng)籌到將近12,000美元?？赏茢?，F(xiàn)rank通過跑步籌款的舉動得到了許多人的支持。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五LeanneCarrascoordered95pizzas.Thehighschoolseniorandherfriendsfilledupgoodybags.Butthiswasnotyourtypicalgraduationparty.__9__Instead,shedecidedtomarkherhighschoolgraduationbygivingbacktothecommunity.SoshethrewapizzapartyatahomelessshelterforwomenandchildreninHouston,Texas.Ittookheramonthtoprepare.Carrascohadvolunteeredbefore,withherfamily,attheStarofHopeFamilyDevelopmentCentre.Butthistimewasdifferent.__10__Inthemonthleadinguptothepartytheycollectedtoothbrushes,toothpasteandsoap.Theypackedtheminto400bagstohandouttoresidentsoftheshelter.OnSunday,itwaspartytime.Thepizzawasahit,andsowerethebags.__11__Theyhadrespectforthesepeople.Theymadesuretheresidentsknewthatsomeonecared.InallCarrascoandherfriendsservedabout200people.Fortheshelterresidents,itwasamagicalday.__12__Carrascodidagoodjobbutshewon'tletitgotoherheadanytimesoon.ThegraduatingseniorplanstostudynursingatBriarCliffUniversityinIowainthefall.__13__“I'drathermakeadifferenceinthelivesofthehomelessresidentsatStarofHopethanhaveabigparty，”shesaid.A．Carrascodidn'twantthat.B．Shewasabletothinkofotherpeople.C．TheylineduptogivethankstoCarrasco.D．Shesaidshewouldcontinuegivingback.E．Carrascodecidedtospendmoneyonaparty.F．Sheinvitedagroupofherfriendsandgottowork.G．ButCarrascoandherfriendsgavetheresidentssomethingmorethanjustfoodandsoap.語篇解讀：本文是記敘文。高中生LeanneCarrasco通過為無家可歸的人舉辦比薩派對來慶祝自己高中畢業(yè)。9．選A本空后提到Carrasco決定以回饋社區(qū)的方式來紀念自己高中畢業(yè)。由此可知，她不想像其他同學那樣舉辦畢業(yè)派對，故選A項。A項中的that指代上文提到的typicalgraduationparty。10．選F本空以及下文描述Carrasco準備比薩派對的過程，也在說明這次活動和她以前與父母一起參加的志愿活動的不同之處。結(jié)合下文中的Carrascoandherfriends可知，本空應(yīng)講述的是Carrasco和朋友一起準備比薩派對，故選F項。11．選G本空前提到Carrasco和朋友們提供的比薩和裝有清潔用品的清潔包很受歡迎；空后說明Carrasco和朋友們尊重、關(guān)愛住在收容所的人們。因此，本空內(nèi)容應(yīng)起承上啟下的作用，G項符合語境。12．選C本空前提到對于住在收容所的人來說，那是很愉快的一天。所有選項中，只有C項符合語境。C項中的They指代shelterresidents。13．選D上文提到Carrasco高中畢業(yè)后的打算，結(jié)合本空后她所說的話可知，她還會繼續(xù)幫助收容所的人們，D項符合語境。Ⅲ.完形填空(2023·日照二模)OfthemanyinteractionsIhadwithmymotheryearsago,onestandsout.Irememberthe__14__whenmumsentmetothemainroad,abouttwentyyardsawayfromthefarmhouse,to__15__apassinggroupofseasonalwork-seekershomefora__16__.Imadeafireandwasthento__17__themealforthem.Thethoughtofcookinginalargethree-leggedpotinthathighheatwassufficientto__18__me.Ididnotmanageto__19__myfeelingsfrommymother,andaftertheservice,shecalledmetothebalcony(陽臺),whereshe__20__sattoattendtohersewing.Lookingstraightintomyeyes,shesaid,“Johnson,whywereyou__21__whenIrequestedyoutoarrangeamealforthose__22__people？”Despitemyattempttodenyher__23__，andusingtheheatofthefireasan__24__formybadbehaviour,mumsaid,“Afoothasnonose.”Itmeans,“Youcan'tdetectwhat__25__maylieaheadofyou.”IfIhad__26__thegroupofpeopleameal,itmayhavehappenedthat,inmy__27__sometimeinthefuture,Ifoundmyselfatthemercyofthoseveryindividuals.__28__thatwasnotenoughtoshameme,Mumcontinued,“Apersonisapersonbecauseofanotherperson.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。幾年前，母親讓“我”邀請一群路過此地找工作的人到家吃飯。母親讓“我”認識到：你不知道未來的人生中會遇到什么麻煩，幫助他人就是幫助自己。14．A.period B．occasionC．story D．quarrel解析：選B根據(jù)語境，作者講述自己的經(jīng)歷，occasion這里指“……的時候”。15．A.send B．demandC．invite D．guide解析：選C根據(jù)下文“Imadeafireandwasthento________themealforthem.”，可知，此處是“邀請”一群路過此地找工作的人到家里。16．A.rest B．chatC．night D．meal解析：選D下句中的meal是提示。17．A.prepare B．begC．order D．buy解析：選A根據(jù)上文“Imadeafire”可知，“我”生了火，然后“準備”做飯。18．A.satisfy B．a(chǎn)ttractC．please D．upset解析：選D根據(jù)下文媽媽對“我”的勸說可知，“我”此刻為陌生人做飯并不甘心而是心煩意亂。19．A.hide B．expressC．defend D．change解析：選A根據(jù)下文母親找“我”談話可判斷，“我”沒能“掩蓋住”自己的情緒。20．A.deliberately B．usuallyC．currently D．secretly解析：選B根據(jù)語境，陽臺是母親“經(jīng)常”縫紉的地方。21．A.fearful B．contentC．excited D．unhappy解析：選D母親問“我”為什么“不開心”。本空與18題相呼應(yīng)。22．A.poor B．braveC．weak D．homeless解析：選A在母親看來，那些人是“令人同情的，可憐的”。23．A.praise B．suggestionC．charge D．encouragement解析：選C根據(jù)語境可知，“我”試圖否認母親的“指責”。charge此處意為“指責”。24．A.opinion B．excuseC．a(chǎn)rgument D．idea解析：選B根據(jù)語境可知，“我”在為自己的不當行為找“借口”。25．A.fortune B．disasterC．trouble D．deal解析：選C母親用一句諺語“Afoothasnonose.”想告訴“我”：一個人無法察覺前面會有什么“麻煩”，所以要懂得幫助別人。26．A.booked B．packedC．offered D．denied解析：選D本句使用了虛擬語氣。如果“我”當時“拒絕”給這群人一頓飯，可能會發(fā)生這樣的事情：在未來的