英語語法講解與訓(xùn)練

英語語法講解與訓(xùn)練一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，力加-es，女口：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches以“輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries以“f或fe"結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es,如：knife-knives不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese寫出以下各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I__ him__ this__ her__ watch_ child_ diary day foot book dress tooth sheep box strawberry thief yo-yo peach sandwich man woman paper juice water milk rice tea 二、一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹【No.1】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點起床。表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個男孩。行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時，要在動詞后加"-s〃或"-es"如：MarylikesChine瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時的變化be動詞的變化。否認(rèn)句：主語+be+not其+它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。女口：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+—般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?行為動詞的變化。否認(rèn)句：主語+don't(doesn't)+動詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否認(rèn)句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動詞原形+其它。如：Doyouoftenplayfootball?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：Doesshegotoworkbybike?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+—般疑問句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?動詞+s的變化規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，力加-es,女口：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes以“輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，女口：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練:一、 寫出以下動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go stay make look have pass carry come watch plant fly study brush do teach 二、 用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday. they (like)theWorldCup?What theyoften (do)onSaturdays? yourparents (read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryevening.There (be) somewaterinthe bottle.Mike (like) cooking.They (have) thesamehobby.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.I (be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao (do)notlikePE.Thechildoften (watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang (have)eightlessonsthisterm.－Whatday (be)ittoday?—It'sSaturday.三、按照要求改寫句子DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否認(rèn)句)Idomyhomeworkeveryday.（改為一般疑問句，作否認(rèn)答復(fù)）Shelikesmilk.（改為一般疑問句，作肯定答復(fù)）Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改為一般疑問句，作否認(rèn)答復(fù))Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改為否認(rèn)句)HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改為否認(rèn)句)Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(對劃線部分提問)JohncomesfromCanada.(對劃線部分提問)Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（改為一般疑問句，作否認(rèn)答復(fù)）SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.（改為否認(rèn)句）五、改錯（劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上）IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish? Doeshelikesgoingfishing? Helikesplaygamesafterclass. Mr.WuteachsusEnglish. Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays. 三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動詞ing.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的否認(rèn)句在be后加not?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+be+主語+動詞ing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+be+動詞ing?動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2?以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再力口ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時專項練習(xí)：一、 寫出以下動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swim make go like write _ski read have sing dance put see buy love live take come get stop sit begin shop 二、 用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：Theboy (draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefoodnow.What you (do)now?Look.They (have)anEnglishlesson.They (not,water)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She (listen)tomusic.It's5o'clocknow.We (have)suppernow Helen (wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Theyaredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問句和否認(rèn)句)(改一般疑問句并作(改一般疑問句并作肯定和否認(rèn)答復(fù))I'mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)四、將來時理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…)，soon,thedayaftertomorrow〔后天〕等。二、 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①begoingto+do；②will+do.三、 否認(rèn)句：在be動詞〔am,is,are〕l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后力口not成won't。例如：I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.fI'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、 一般疑問句：be或will提到句首，some改為any,and改為or,第一二人稱互換。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、 對劃線部分提問。一般情況,一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。問人。Who例如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon.—Who'sgoingtoNewYorksoon.問干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.fWhatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.問什么時候。When?例如：She'sgoingtogotobedatnine.—Whenisshegoingtobed?六、 同義句：begoingto二willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow〔明天〕.二Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.下個星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。What nextMonday?I playbasketball.What youdonextMonday?I playbasketball.你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是,她要去買一些水果。 yourmother goshoppingthis ?Yes,she .She buysomefruit.你們打算什么時候見面。Whattime you meet?改句子。Nancyisgoingtogocamping.〔改否認(rèn)〕Nancy goingtogocamping.I'llgoandjointhem.〔改否認(rèn)〕I go jointhem.I'mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.〔改一般疑問句〕 togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.〔改一般疑問句〕 meetatthebusstopat10:30.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.〔對劃線部分提問〕 she afterschool?Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上) goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Todayisasunnyday.We (have)apicnicthisafternoon.Mybrother (go)toShanghainextweek.Tomoften (go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He (go)toschoolbybike.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually (watch)TVand (catch)insects?It'sFridaytoday.What she (do)thisweekend?She (watch)TVand (catch)insects.What (d0)youdolastSunday?I (pick)applesonafarm.What (do)nextSunday?I (milk)cows.Mary (visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.LiuTao (fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.David (give)apuppetshownextMonday.I (plan)formystudynow五、一般過去時1．一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作感謝。Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：(l)am和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as°〔wasnot二wasn't〕⑵are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere°〔werenot二weren't〕⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否認(rèn)、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否認(rèn)句在was或were后加not，—般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3?句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否認(rèn)句：didn't+動詞原形，如：Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。女口：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑問句：⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑問詞當(dāng)主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？女口：Whowenttohomeyesterday?動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked結(jié)尾是e加d,如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped以“輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed,如:study-studied5．不規(guī)則動詞過去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat過去時練習(xí)寫出以下動詞的過去式isam fly _plant __are___drink play ___go _make___does dance worry___ asktaste eat draw___ putthrow kick pass ___do___Be動詞的過去時練習(xí)Name 〔1〕___No._ Date__一、 用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I atschooljustnow.He atthecamplastweek.We studentstwoyearsago.They onthefarmamomentago.YangLing elevenyearsoldlastyear.There anappleontheplateyesterday.There somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.Themobilephone onthesofayesterdayevening.二、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換Itwasexciting.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)： Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)： Theywereinhispocket.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)： Be動詞的過去時練習(xí)〔2〕Name No. Date 、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I anEnglishteachernow.She happyyesterday.They gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.HelenandNancy goodfriends.Thelittledog twoyearsoldthisyear.Look,there lotsofgrapeshere.There asignonthechaironMonday..Today thesecondofJune.Yesterday thefirstofJune.It Children'sDay.Allthestudents veryexcited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)： 肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)： 三、 中譯英1．我的故事書剛剛還在手表旁邊。2．他們的外套上個禮拜放在臥室里了。3．一會以前花園里有兩只小鳥。行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)〔1〕Name No. Date 一、用行為動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.He (live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Thecat (eat)abirdlastnight.We (have)aparty