完成時(shí)(現(xiàn)在-過(guò)去-將來(lái))課件

thePresentPerfectTense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)thePresentPerfectTense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：

have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already，yet，ever，never，just，before現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：

have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞2規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：1）一般加+ed:worked,started2)“輔音+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，y變成i后加ed:study-studied3)以“e”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加“d”:hope-hoped4)雙寫(xiě)輔音字母：stopped動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞形成方式：規(guī)則和不規(guī)則變化規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞形成方式：3動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式以及過(guò)去分詞不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞:AAA:put–put–putlet—let–letABB:stand—stood—stoodABA:become—became—becomeABC:eat—ate—eaten動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式以及過(guò)去分詞不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞:4現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的不同的形式：肯定式：主語(yǔ)+has/have+過(guò)去分詞（p.p.）+….

Mysisterhasalreadywashedalltheclothes.否定式：主語(yǔ)+hasn’t+（p.p.）+….Mysisterhasn’talreadywashedalltheclothes.

疑問(wèn)式：Has/have+主語(yǔ)+p.p.+…?Hasyoursisteralreadywashedalltheclothes?

肯定答語(yǔ)：Yes,主語(yǔ)+hasYes,shehas.否定答語(yǔ)：No，主語(yǔ)+hasn’tNo,shehasn’t.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的不同的形式：肯定式：主語(yǔ)+has/have+過(guò)去5Hehaslosthiskey.Thekeyisn’tinhispocketsnow.用法1Hehaslosthiskey.用法16Theyareintheroomnow.Theyhavecomeintotheroom.Theyareintheroomnow.They7pastnowYesterday,we

cleanedtheclassroom.Now,theclassroomiscleanbecausewehavecleanedit.用法1強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響pastnowYesterday,weNow,t81.Myfatherboughtmanybooksformeyesterday.Now,Ihavealottoreadbecause________________________________2.Isawthisfilmlastweek.Now,IknowthisfilmbecauseI_____________________.3.Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.Now,IcangiveittotheteacherbecauseI______________myfatherhasboughtmanybooksforme.haveseen

itbefore

havefinished

it.1.Myfatherboughtmanybooks9“仍然，還”用在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。Ihaven’treadthisbookyet.Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?already:Yet:“已經(jīng)”通常用于肯定句中。Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.有時(shí)，也用在疑問(wèn)句中表示驚訝。Haveyoueatenupallthefoodalready?“仍然，還”用在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。already:Ye10“從來(lái)不”用在否定句中。Ishefamous?Ihaveneverheardofhim.evernever“曾經(jīng)”通常用于疑問(wèn)句和肯定句中。Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.HaveyoueverbeentotheUSA?“從來(lái)不”用在否定句中。evernever“曾經(jīng)”通常用于11“以前”用在完成時(shí)中，放在句尾。Ｉhaveneverreadthiskindofbooksbefore.justbefore“剛剛”用在陳述句中。Ihavejustboughtanovel。“以前”用在完成時(shí)中，放在句尾。justbefore“剛剛12Shebeganto

workin1999.Shestillworksherenow.

Shehasworkedatthisschoolfor2years.

用法2：Shebegantoworkin1999.用法2：13nowpastIbegantoteachEnglishatthisschoolfiveyearsago.Ihavetaught

Englishatthisschoolfourfiveyears.用法2：過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。nowpastIbegantoteachIha141.Iamadoctor.IbegantoworkwhenIwas22.Now,Iam26.I________forfouryears.2.WewenttotheUSAlastMonday.TodayisMonday.We_________(stay)intheUSAsincelastMonday.

haveworkedhavestayed1.Iamadoctor.Ibegantow15sinceandforThewomanhasworkedatthisschoolfor2years.(sincetwoyearsago)since2yearsagosince1998;sinceshecametotheschool)for+一段時(shí)間since+點(diǎn)時(shí)間sinceandforThewomanhaswor16一、用for和since填空。______threehours______threeo’clock______twodays______yesterdayafternoon______Icamehere______lastSunday_______aweek_______alongtime_______1997______twoweeks_______threeyearsago_______lastmonthforsinceforsincesincesinceforforsinceforsincesince一、用for和since填空。______threehou17

1.They’veknowneachothersince_______.A.1995B.threeyears2.I’vebeeninterestedinChinesefor______.A.lastyearB.oneyear3.Shehasbeenadoctorfor______.A.twoyearsB.twoyearsago4.I’vehadaheadachesince_______.A.IgotupthismorningB.fivehours5.We’vebeenherefor______.A.onehourB.oneo’clockAABAB1.They’veknowneachother186.Myparentshaveownedthishousefor______.A.alongtimeB.manyyearsago7.They’vebeeninlovesince______.A.lastspringB.threemonths8.Wehaveknowneachothersince_____.A.oneyearB.lastyear9.--Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?--Since______.A.lastnightB.twodays10.--Howlonghassheworkedhere?--Shehasworkedherefor_____.A.1993B.sixyearsAABAB6.Myparentshaveownedthis19

Exercise根據(jù)所給情況，用just,already或yet造句。1.Afterlunchyougotoseeafriendatherhouse.Shesays‘Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?’Yousay:No,thankyou.(havelunch)2.Joegoesout.Fiveminuteslater,thephoneringsandthecallersays‘CanIspeaktoJoe?’Yousay:I’mafraid_________________.(goout)hehasjustgoneoutI’vejusthadlunch.ExercisehehasjustgoneoutI203.Youareeatinginarestaurantthisevening.Thewaiterthinksyouhavefinishedandstartstotakeyourplateaway.Yousay:Waitamoment!_______________________(not/finish)4.Youaregoingtoarestaurantthisevening.Youphonetoreserve(預(yù)定）atable.Lateryourfriendsays‘ShallIphonetoreserveatable?’Yousay:No,__________________it(do)Ihaven’tfinishedityet.Ihavealreadydone3.Youareeatinginarestaura215.Youknowthatafriendofyoursislookingforajob.Perhapsshehasbeensuccessful.Askher.Yousay:__________________________?(find)6.Annwenttothebank,butafewminutesagoshereturned.Somebodyasks‘IsAnnstillatthebank?’Yousay:No,__________________________.(comeback)

HaveyoualreadyfoundthejobShehasalreadycameback5.Youknowthatafriendofy22比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：*現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的是過(guò)去的行動(dòng)所造成的現(xiàn)在的情況。*一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事實(shí)比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)的23現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：yesterday,lastyear,in1976，twodaysago,justnow…但可以和一些不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，也可和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和確定的過(guò)去24already,yet,before,latelyrecently,once,twice,ever,never。。。。1)Shehasalreadycome.2)Ihaven’treadityet.already,yet,before,lately25*go\come\leave\die等詞語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作是一時(shí)的，不能延續(xù)，不能與for、since等表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用，如不能說(shuō)：Hehasgonefortwomonths.(F)但可以說(shuō)：Hehasbeenawayfor2months.*go\come\leave\die等詞語(yǔ)表示26總結(jié)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：1、構(gòu)成：have/has+過(guò)去分詞。2、概念：(1)表示過(guò)去或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在成的影響或結(jié)果。常與下列狀語(yǔ)連用：already,just,yet,ever,never,before（2）表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)）的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。a.for和表示一段時(shí)間的詞組連用。如：for3yearsb.since和表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的詞或詞組連用。如：since1997,sincetwoyearsago,sincelastweek

總結(jié)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：27

過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)282.過(guò)去完成時(shí)可以表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。也就是說(shuō)發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。1.PastperfectTense過(guò)去完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：had＋過(guò)去分詞2.過(guò)去完成時(shí)可以表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻1.Pastperf296:007:00現(xiàn)在BythetimeIgotup,mysisterhadalreadywashedalltheclothes.6:007:00現(xiàn)在30過(guò)去完成時(shí)的不同的形式：肯定式：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞（p.p.）+….

Mysisterhadalreadywashedalltheclothes.否定式：主語(yǔ)+hadn’t+（p.p.）+….Mysisterhadn’talreadywashedalltheclothes.

疑問(wèn)式：Had+主語(yǔ)+p.p.+…?Hadyoursisteralreadywashedalltheclothes?

肯定答語(yǔ)：Yes,主語(yǔ)+hadYes,shehad.否定答語(yǔ)：No，主語(yǔ)+hadn’tNo,shehadn’t.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的不同的形式：肯定式：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞（p.31ThedifferencesbetweenPresentPerfecttenseandPastPerfecttense.ShehastaughtEnglishfor6years.“WhereisSusan”“ShehasgonetoAmerica”.表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，這動(dòng)作可能剛剛停止,也可能還在進(jìn)行。ThedifferencesbetweenPr32ShesaidshehadtaughtEnglishfor6years.(2)BythetimeIgottoLondon,shehadgonetoAmerica.表示過(guò)去某時(shí)之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí):主語(yǔ)+have/hasdone過(guò)去完成時(shí):主語(yǔ)+haddoneShesaidshehad表示過(guò)去某時(shí)之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)331.我到家時(shí)她已經(jīng)睡了。BythetimeIgothome,shehadalreadygonetobed.2.到昨天晚上時(shí)消息已傳遍全球。Byyesterdayeveningthenewshadspreadthroughtheworld.1.我到家時(shí)她已經(jīng)睡了。BythetimeIg343.他走以后我找到了那封信。Ifoundtheletterafterhehadgoneaway.Wereachedthecinemalate.Thefilmhadalreadybeenonfortenminutes.4.我們到電影院晚了,電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始十分鐘了。3.他走以后我找到了那封信。Ifoundthe35常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等標(biāo)志詞：1、by,before,when,bythetime等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)或引導(dǎo)的從句。Eg.1)Bythetimeshecametothebusstop,thebushadalreadygone.2)Wehadfinishedthetaskbeforemidnight.3)WhenIarrivedatthepostoffice,IfoundthatIhadlefttheletterathome.4)AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobed.常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等標(biāo)志詞：362、由said,told,knew,heard,thought等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中。Eg.Hetoldmethathehadheardofit.Ithoughtmyhomeworkhadbeenfininshed.ButIdidn’t.3、從過(guò)去開(kāi)始，一直持續(xù)到過(guò)去的另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)。常用since，for.Eg.ShesaidthatshehadlearnedEnglishforyearssincehecametoourschool注意：瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，及since,for引導(dǎo)的從句和短語(yǔ)連用。2、由said,told,knew,heard,t37Eg.1.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbegunfortenminutes.2.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonfortenminutes.3.Hesaidthedoorhadbeenopenedforlong.4.Hesaidthedoorhadopenedforlong.5.Hesaidthedoorhadbeenopenforlong.Eg.1.WhenIgottothecinema38翻譯下列各句：1、當(dāng)我到達(dá)音樂(lè)廳的時(shí)，這名流行歌手已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。2、到昨天早上，他已經(jīng)給我打了好幾個(gè)電話了。3、當(dāng)醫(yī)生被派人請(qǐng)來(lái)時(shí)，這個(gè)病人已經(jīng)等了10分鐘了。4、我昨天看到Jim了。我們已經(jīng)5年沒(méi)有見(jiàn)面了。5、昨天我把我借的那本小說(shuō)還給了圖書(shū)管。翻譯下列各句：39Canyoudoit?Byyesterdaymorning,he________(call)metentimes.Thepatient___________(die)whenthedoctorarrived.IsawLinFengyesterday.We___________(notmeet)eachotherforfiveyears.hadcalledhaddiedhadnotmetCanyoudoit?Byyesterdaymor404.IreturnedthebookthatI___________(borrow).5.Hesaidthathe___________(know)herwell.6.Thematch________(be)onforhalfanhour.7.Thematch_______(be)onforhalfanhourwhenIgotthere.8.They____(do)theworkat11o’clockyesterdaymorning.hadborrowedhadknownhasbeenhadbeendid4.IreturnedthebookthatI_419.They________(do)theworkby11o’clockyesterdaymorning.10.Thepopsingers___________(leave)whenIgottothemusichalllastnight.Whatapity!11.Howcleantheroomistoday!Oh,yes!Who_________(clean)it?haddonehadleftcleaned9.They________(do)thework4212.WhatwereyoudoingwhenJimphonedyou?I__________(finish)myhomeworkandwasstartingtotakeashower.13.HaveyoueverbeentoGuilin?Yes.I_________(go)therefourmonthsago.hadfinishedwent12.WhatwereyoudoingwhenJi43將來(lái)完成時(shí)FuturePerfectTense將來(lái)完成時(shí)FuturePerfectTense44將來(lái)完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)的動(dòng)作。經(jīng)常與before+將來(lái)時(shí)間或by+將來(lái)時(shí)間連用，也可與before或bythetime引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時(shí)的從句連用。Concept將來(lái)完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)45狀態(tài)完成：表示某事繼續(xù)到將來(lái)某一時(shí)為止一直有的狀態(tài)。b.動(dòng)作完成：表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)或另一個(gè)將來(lái)的動(dòng)作之前，已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或一獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。狀態(tài)完成：表示某事繼續(xù)到將來(lái)某一時(shí)為止一直有的狀態(tài)。46shall/will+havedone1.shall+havedone只用于第一人稱(chēng)2.will+havedone用于所有人稱(chēng)構(gòu)成形式shall/will+havedone構(gòu)成形式471.表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間之前已完成的動(dòng)作，并往往對(duì)將來(lái)某一時(shí)間產(chǎn)生影響。用法1.表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間之前已完成的動(dòng)作，并往往對(duì)將來(lái)某一時(shí)間48Eg.Weshallhavelearned12unitsbytheendofthisterm.到這個(gè)學(xué)期末，我們將學(xué)完12個(gè)單元。

Eg.Weshallhavelearned12u49BythetimeyougethomeIwillhavecleanedthehousefromtoptobottom.你到家之前我將把房子徹底打掃一遍。BythetimeyougethomeI502.表示推測(cè)，相當(dāng)于“musthavedone”結(jié)構(gòu)。

Eg.Youwillhaveheardofthis,Iguess.我想你已經(jīng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這件事了