復(fù)習(xí)不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課件

Unit2RobotsUnit2Robots復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一.復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種形式.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；如:ManypeoplespeakEnglish.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者.如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.我們不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)的時(shí)候,或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。一.復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種形式.我們讀課文中句子分析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成1.Ashewasnotallowedtoaccompanyhertotheshops,hewroteoutalistofitemsforher.2.ThewomenwereimpressedbyClaire,thehouseandthedeliciouscuisine.構(gòu)成:be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞讀課文中句子分析被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成1.Ashewasno一般進(jìn)行完成現(xiàn)在am/

is/

aregiven過(guò)去was/

weregiven將來(lái)shall/

willbegiven時(shí)式二.常見(jiàn)主被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)變化一覽表am/is/arebeinggivenhas/

havebeengivenwas/werebeinggivenhadbeengivenshall/willhavebeengivene.g.Iamgivenapen.一般進(jìn)行完成am/is/aregivenwas/★被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu):be+done一般現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去時(shí)：Thebook____________________.一般/過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí):Thebook_________________________.Thebook__________________________.現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：Thebook__________________________.現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去完成時(shí):Thebook___________________________.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：Thebook_____________________________.is/waspublishedwill/wouldbepublishedis/wasgoingtobepublishedis/wasbeingpublishedhas/hadbeenpublishedcan/could/may/might…bepublished以

thebook,publish為例★被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu):be+doneis/was1.Mycakes_______(eat)bythedog.2.Theroom________(clean)everyday.3.Hewill______(send)toAfricanextweek.

4.Printing____________(introduce)toEuropefromChina.5.Look!Thereisnothinghere.Everything___________(take)away.wereeaten

iscleaned

besent

wasintroducedhasbeentaken1.Mycakes_______(eat)byth不定式由“________________”構(gòu)成,其否定形式是“_________”,不定式可以帶賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ),在句子中作______、_____、_____、_____、_____、_____或_____結(jié)構(gòu)。不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化,但有_____和_____的變化。獨(dú)立主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞不定式to+do(動(dòng)詞原形)nottodo不定式由“________________”構(gòu)成,其否定不定式有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化，時(shí)態(tài)共四種，即一般時(shí)、完成時(shí)、進(jìn)行時(shí)和完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。語(yǔ)態(tài)分為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如下表所示。不定式有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化，時(shí)態(tài)共四種，即一般時(shí)、完成時(shí)、進(jìn)行形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)todotohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtobedonetohavebeendone形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)完成當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)用_____語(yǔ)態(tài)；當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)用_____語(yǔ)態(tài)。進(jìn)行時(shí)和完成進(jìn)行時(shí)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)被動(dòng)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)用_Toloveandtobelovearethegreatesthappiness.不定式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)作___語(yǔ)主______________(encourage)makesmeconfident.TobeencouragedToloveandtobelovearetheItisanhonourformetobeaskedtospeakhere.不定式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)作___語(yǔ)主形式主語(yǔ)改寫(xiě):Tobecheatedisadisappointment.______________________________________.Itisadisappointmenttobecheated.ItisanhonourformetobeaAreyougoingtothemeetingtobeheldnextweek?不定式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)作_______語(yǔ)后置定1.翻譯:即將建成的圖書(shū)館位于市中心_________________________________________________________________Thelibrarytobebuiltliesinthecitycenter.AreyougoingtothemeetingtShehatestobecheated.不定式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)作___語(yǔ)賓翻譯:它拒絕被吃掉_________________________Itrefusestobeeaten.Shehatestobecheated.不定式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)常接不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞速記口訣：三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)：______________________________________

兩個(gè)要求莫拒絕：______________________________________設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)做決定：____________________________________不要假裝在選擇：____________________________________hope,wish,want,agree,promisedemand,ask,refusemanage,learn,decidepretend,choose常接不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞速記口訣：hope,wish,wLookatthepictureandcompletethesentences:Thedishesneed___________________.

Themailneeds___________________.The

singer

refused________________.Thehouse__________________.tobewashedtobesenttobephotographed

tobesold(wash)(send)(photograph)(被要求sell)LookatthepictureandcompleAllthegiftsmustbesentimmediatelysoastobereceivedbeforeChristmas.不定式作______語(yǔ)目的狀Herushedhometobetoldhisparentshadpassedaway.不定式作______語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀To

bepraisedbytheteacher,thegirlworksveryhard不定式作______語(yǔ)原因狀Heistooyoungtobesenttoschool.不定式作______語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀A(yù)llthegiftsmustbesentimmDaXiong’sdreamistobeadmiredbyothers,especiallyJingXiang.不定式作___語(yǔ),跟在_________________等詞之后表系動(dòng)詞、感官動(dòng)詞1.Theprojectis_____________(complete)bynextmonth.2.Thecleaningis__________(finish)byafternoon.3.Mydreamis_____________(admitted)tothePekingUniversity.tobecompletedtobefinishedtobeadmittedDaXiong’sdreamistobeadmirHeorderthebaggagetobebroughttohisroom.不定式作_________語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足翻譯:1.老板要求郵件要在中午前發(fā).________________________________________________________________________2.我看著他被帶走。____________________________________Thebossdemandedtheemailtobesentbeforethisafternoon.Isawhimtobetakenaway.HeorderthebaggagetobebroThegirlaskedtobegivenanotherchancetotry.不定式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)作_______語(yǔ)復(fù)合謂翻譯:婦女希望被平等對(duì)待。________________________________Womenhopetobetreatedequally.Thegirlaskedtobegivenano1.Itisagoodthingforhimtohavebeencriticized.2.Shepreferredto

havebeengiven

heavierworktodo.3.Thebooksarenotallowedtobetakenoutoftheroom.

不定式有時(shí)還可以有完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)式，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)，或者構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)、復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)等。1.Itisagoodthingforhim4.Hethoughtitisanhonourto

havebeeninvitedtotheparty.

5.Thebookissaidto

havebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.

6.Shewasthefirstwomanto

havebeenelectedtosuchapost.

complexpredicate4.Hethoughtitisanhonour1.試比較。

1.I’mgoingtothepostoffice.Ihavealettertosend.2.I’mgoingtothepostoffice.Doyouhaveanylettertobesent.※當(dāng)句子主語(yǔ)與邏輯主語(yǔ)為一致時(shí)，______用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)；當(dāng)句子主語(yǔ)與邏輯主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，_________用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)可以不可以1.試比較?！?dāng)句子主語(yǔ)與邏輯主語(yǔ)為一致時(shí)，___1.Ihavealotofword______(say).2.---Secretary:Doyouhaveanyletter__________(type).---Boss:No,notyet.tosaytobetyped1.Ihavealotofword______2.在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中。

Thereisalotofhomeworktodo.Thereisnotimetowaste.翻譯:沒(méi)有什么吃的。________________________________Thereisnothingtoeat.2.在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中。翻譯:沒(méi)有什么吃的3.在“…be+adj+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中。常用的形容詞有easy,difficult,hard,impossible,nice,pleasant,light,heavy,interesting,important,expensive,cheap,fit,dangerous等。翻譯：爬墻很危險(xiǎn)。____________________________e.g.Englishishardtolearn.Wallsaredangeroustoclimb.3.在“…be+adj+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中。常用4.在“too…to…/enough…to…”結(jié)構(gòu)中。Theproblemistoodifficulttoworkout.Thehouseisbigenoughtolivein.翻譯：她太小而不能被送去學(xué)校。____________________________Sheistooyoungtosendtoschool.4.在“too…to…/enough…to翻譯:許多工作要做,我無(wú)法去電影院。____________________________________________________________5.在“with+n.+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中。Withnothingtodo,helayinbed.Withalotofworkstodo,Ican’tgotothecinema.翻譯:許多工作要做,我無(wú)法去電影院。5.在“with+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：____________________一般過(guò)去時(shí)：____________________一般將來(lái)時(shí)：__________________________________________過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：_____________________現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：______________________過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：______________________現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：______________________過(guò)去完成時(shí)：______________________將來(lái)完成時(shí)：______________________am/is/are+donewas/were+donewillbe/shallbe/+donebegoingtobe+donewouldbe+doneam/is/arebeing+donewas/werebeing+donehave/hasbeen+donehadbeen+donewill/shallbeen+done一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：____________________am/1.Myfatherwillrepairmybikeforme.Mybike______________bymyfatherforme.2.Ihavefoundmywallet.Mywallet_________________.3.Shetoldmetowaithereforher.I_________towaithereforher.willberepairedhasbeenfoundwastoldPractice1.Myfatherwillrepairmybi4.Thepolicewillsurelyarrestthemurderer.Themurdererwillsurely__________bythepolice.5.TheyinvitedMr.Greentomakeaspeech.Mr.Green__________tomakeaspeech.bearrestedwasinvited4.Thepolicewillsurelyarre6.Youmustn’ttakethosebooksoutofthereading-room.Thosebooksmustn’t__________outofthereading-room.betaken6.Youmustn’ttakethosebook一般式：被動(dòng)式：完成被動(dòng)式：主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)tobedonetohavebeendonetodo可做什么成分？主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)一般式：被動(dòng)式：主語(yǔ)tobedonetohavebe6.一些作表語(yǔ)用的不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng).常用的動(dòng)詞有

let(出租),rent,hire,blame等1.Welostthefootballgame.IfeltIwastoblame.

2.Thehouseistolet．翻譯:酒駕的司機(jī)為這起車禍負(fù)責(zé)。____________________________________________________________Thedrunkdriveristoblameforthisaccident6.一些作表語(yǔ)用的不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng).常用的動(dòng)詞有7.want/need+v.-ing表示“主語(yǔ)承受動(dòng)詞發(fā)出的動(dòng)作”，表示被動(dòng)意義。sth.needdoing=needsthtobedonesth.wantdoing=wantsthtobedone_______________________________

翻譯:你頭發(fā)要去理一理了。____________________________________________________________Yourhairneedscuting/Yourhairneedstobecut.Mycarneedsrepairing.=_______________________Mycarneedstoberepaired.必須/需要做某事7.want/need+v.-ing表示“主語(yǔ)承受動(dòng)8.某些感官動(dòng)詞加形容詞及少數(shù)其他的動(dòng)詞可以表示被動(dòng)意義。smelltasteprove無(wú)被動(dòng)，用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)1.Thedishtastesdelicious.2.Thetheoryprovedrightatlast.翻譯:這朵花很好聞。______________________________Thisflowersmellsgood.8.某些感官動(dòng)詞加形容詞及少數(shù)其他的動(dòng)smell無(wú)被動(dòng)，用sells此處為不及物動(dòng)詞“銷售起來(lái);有銷路”的意思；作及物動(dòng)詞為“賣;出售”。Thiskindofcloth___________.(耐洗)cookwashwritesellread+well（程度副詞）Thebookissointerestingthatitsellswell.washeswell翻譯:這支剛筆很好寫(xiě)。______________________________Thispenwriteswell.sells此處為不及物動(dòng)詞“銷售起來(lái);有銷cookwbeg,equal,fail,hold,possess,fit,become,contain,cost,fit,have,lack,suit,take等。ThisnewEnglish-Chinesedictionarycostsmetendollars.9.某些表示狀態(tài)或者特征的及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。這類動(dòng)詞有：翻譯:從坐飛機(jī)到上海要花半個(gè)小時(shí)。______________________________IttakeshalfanhourtoShanghaibyair.beg,equal,fail,hold,posses戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)了。Thewarbrokeout.Thewarwasbrokeout.10.通常只有及物動(dòng)詞（組）才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有。翻譯:昨晚發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)車禍。______________________________Antrafficaccidenthappened.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)了。10.通常只有及物動(dòng)詞（組）才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不及1.Shehates

_______________(laughat)byherclassmates.2.Timrefused____________________(accompany)byhisfathertoschool.3.Shestruggled___________________(understand)bytheFrenchvisitors.tobeaccompaniedtobeunderstoodtobelaughedat1.Shehates_______________4.Thesearetheissues______________(discuss)tomorrow.5.Thenewdrugis___________(test)outon500patientsnextyear.6.Shewasverybeautifulbutshedidn’tlike___________(envy)byallthegirlsshemet.tobetestedtobeenviedtobediscussed4.Thesearetheissues______GooverthepassivevoiceGooverthepassivevoice一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：____________________1)Englishisspokenbymanypeople.

2)Iamaskedtogetupearlyeveryday.3)ThebooksarewrittenbyLuXun.am/is/are+done一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：____________________一般過(guò)去時(shí)：____________________Thesecomputers

weremade

inourowncountry.一般將來(lái)時(shí)：_____________________Shallwe

beaskedtoattendtheopeningceremony?was/were+donewill/shallbe+done一般過(guò)去時(shí)：____________________was過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：_____________________Thenews

wouldbesenttothesoldier’smotherassoonasitarrived.wouldbe+given現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：________________________

Themachineisbeingrepairedintheworkshop.am/is/arebeing+done過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：_____________________wou過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：________________________Thefeast

wasbeingprepared

whenthebirdsarrivedinthesky.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：________________________Greatprogress

hasalsobeenmade

incultureandeducation.was/werebeing+donehave/hasbeen+done過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：________________________過(guò)去完成時(shí)：_________________

Thehugebridge

hadbeendamaged

beforetheWorldWarⅡ.將來(lái)完成時(shí)：_________________________Thebook

willhavebeenpublished

bytheendofnextmonth.hadbeen