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CeramicMaterials

SchoolofmaterialsscienceandengineeringCeramicMaterialsSchoolofm1Introduction1.1whatisCeramics?Aproductobtainedthroughtheactionoffireuponearthymaterials→Inorganic,nonmetallicsolids,usuallyoxides,nitrides,orcarbides.Ceramicsaretypicallycrystallineinnatureandarecompoundsformedbetweenmetallicandnon-metallicelements.2Companyname1Introduction1.1whatisCera1.2TypicalpropertiesModeratedensityLowelectricalconductivityinsulatorsStrongcompressivestrength>>tensilestrengthLow-moderatethermalconductivityinsulators

Brittle

HardVeryhighhardnessrawmaterialsareplentifulandinexpensive

manyceramicstransparenttolight

translucent,oropaque

Highelasticmodulus-greaterthanmetals

ExcellentwearresistancebecauseofhighcompressivestrengthandhardnessGoodresistancetochemicalattack3Companyname1.2TypicalpropertiesModeMainlimitation:

?verybrittleandtheyareflawsensitive

?

Cracksandotherflawsarealwayspresent4CompanynameMainlimitation:4Companyname1.3Classification?advancedceramics

alsoknownasengineeringortechnicalceramics,refertomaterialswhichexhibitsuperiormechanicalproperties,corrosion/oxidationresistance,andthermal,electrical,opticalormagneticproperties.5Companyname1.3Classification?advancedc6Companyname6Companyname7Companyname7Companyname2NatureofCeramics8Companyname2NatureofCeramics8Companyn2.1PorosityandDensity9Companyname2.1PorosityandDensity9Compa10Companyname10Companyname11Companyname11Companyname2.2StructureofCeramicsCrystalphase,glassphase,pore12Companyname2.2StructureofCeramicsCryst13Companyname13Companyname3CeramicProcessing14Companyname3CeramicProcessing14CompanyChemicalProcesses:Sol-gelprocessingsolid-phasesinteringliquid-phasesinteringmechanicalprocessingPhysicalvapordeposition(PVD)Chemicalvapordeposition(CVD)15CompanynameChemicalProcesses:Sol-gelpr16Companyname16CompanynameAcommontechniqueforconsolidatingceramicpowdersAtomicdiffusionmasstransfer(particlestoopenspaces)

tremendousamountofshrinkagecracking,distortion&/orresidualstressesReactionformednonoxideceramicsSinteringofceramicpowders17CompanynameAcommontechniqueforconsoliPropertiesofCeramics18CompanynamePropertiesofCeramics18Compan19Companyname19CompanynameMechanicalproperties

20CompanynameMechanicalproperties20CompanStrong:highcompressivestrength

HardInelastic:

donotbendlikemetals→highelasticmodulusFracturetoughness:dependsonthegeometryofboththeobjectandthecrack,theappliedstress,andthelengthofthecrackChemicalproperty:durable(resistanttocorrosion)Physicalproperties:lowdensityandhighmeltingpoint

structuralapplicationsWeakness:

brittle→composites→toimprovethetoughness21CompanynameStrong:highcompressivestrenApplicationsofCeramics22CompanynameApplicationsofCeramics22Comp23Companyname23CompanynameGlassesAglass(amorphousmaterial)isquitedifferentfromacrystallinemetalorceramic.Inaglass,thereisnolong-rangecrystallineorder.GlasstransitionThetemperatureabovewhichtheglassbecomessoftandviscousenoughtoworkisrelatedtotheglasstransitiontemperature,Tg.Belowtheglasstransitiontemperature,thematerialisrelativelyhardandstiff;aboveit,itbecomesmoreviscous.24CompanynameGlassesGlasstransition24Compa25Companyname25Companyname26Companyname26Companyname27Companyname27Companyname28Companyname28Companyname29Companyname29Companyname30Companyname

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