人體解剖學面部和頭皮faceandscalp課件

FaceDept.ofAnatomyZhouHongYingMusclesofexpressionVesselsNervesMusclesoffacialexpression1.TheySurroundthefacialorifices2.Allofthefacialexpressionmusclesareinnervatedbyfacialnerve3.OrigionandinsertionOrbicularis

oculimuscleOrbicularis

oculimuscle

frontalisMusclesofthemouthorbicularis

orism.

buccinatorm.Depressoranguli

orism.Zygomaticmajor/minorm.Levator

labii

superiorism.MusclesofthemouthArteriesofthefaceBranchesofECA&ICAArisesfromtheexternalcarotidartery,runsupwardsandforwards,turnsroundtheinferiorborderofmandible.Itappearsatjustanteriortothemassetermuscle.咬肌Thefacialarterysendsbranchestotheupperandlowerlips,thesideofthenose,andterminatesastheangulararteryatthemedialcanthus.眥FacialarterySuperficialtemporalarteryisoneofterminalbranchesofexternalcarotidarterywithintheparotidgland(theotherbranchismaxillaryartery),thesuperificialtemporalarteryemergesonthefacebetweenthetemporomandibularjointandtheearandendsinthescalpbydividingintofrontalandparietalbranches.itaccompanieswithauriculotemporalnerve.Faciala.&superficialtemporala.TransversefacialarteryItarisesfromthesuperficialtemporalarterywithintheparotidglandandcrossesthefacesuperficiallytothemasseter.Itdividesintonumerousbranchesthatsupplytheparotidglandandduct,themasseter,andskinoftheface.SuperficialtemporalveinItdrainstheforeheadandscalpandreceivestributariesfromtheveinsofthetempleandface.Neartheauricle,thesuperficialtemporalveinenterstheparotidgland.Theretromandibularveintheunionofthesuperificialtemporalveinandmaxillaryveins,anddescendswithinparotidglandFacialveinbeginsattheangularveinatthemedialangleoftheeye,behindthefacialartery.joinedbytheanteriorbranchoftheretromandibularvanddrainsintotheinternaljugularv.(directlyorindirectlytotheinternaljugularvein)Featureofveinsnovalvescommunicatingwithcavernoussinusbythe2routes:①FacialV→angularV→ophthalmicv→cavernousplexus②Deepfacialv→pteygoidplexus翼靜脈叢→cavernoussinusdeepfacialveinwhichlinksfacialveintothepterygoidplexus,so,appearing“dangerareaoftheface”—fromrootofnosetoanglesofthemouthVesselsoffaceVesselsoffaceThelymphaticvesselsofthefaceLymphfromthedeepparotidnodesdrainsintodeepcervicallymphnodes.LymphfromtheupperlipandlateralpartsofthelowerlipdrainintothesubmandibularlymphnodesLymphfrominchinandcentralpartofthelowerlipdrainintothesubmentallymphnodes.Nervesofface:branchesoftrigeminalnerve/CNⅤThemotornervesoftheface:expressionmtemporal,zygomatic,buccal,mandibular,andcervicalbranches,outoftheanteriorborderoftheparotidgland,supplyingmusclesoffacialexpression.Scalp5layersofthescalpSkin:thisexceptintheoccipitalregion,containsmanysweatgland,sebaceousgland,andhairfollicles;ithasanabundantarterialsupplyandgoodvenousandlymphaticdrainage.Connetivetissue:isathick,richlyvascularizedsubcutaneouslayerthatiswellsuppliedwithnerves.Aponeurosis

epicranialis:membranoustendonofthefleshybelliesoftheoccipitalisandfrontalismuscles.Looseconnectivetissue:Itisapotentialspaceoftheloosetissue,manyveinscommunicatingbetweentheveinsinthescalpanddiploicaveinandduralvenoussinusesPericraniumadenselayerofconnectivetissue,itattachesfirmlytocranialbones5layersofthescalpInnervationsofthescalpAnteriortotheauricles----branchesofallthreedivisionsofCNVPosteriortotheauricle