自考英語(yǔ)2歷年真題及答案

自考英語(yǔ)2歷年真題及答案

一、詞匯單選題。（每題1分，共20分）

1.Smallclasssizesensurecloseinteractionbetweenstudentsandfaculty.中劃線單詞的

釋義為_(kāi)_____。[單選題]*

A.設(shè)備

B.能力

C.（高等院校的）全體教員(正確答案)

D.（政府的）專門(mén)機(jī)構(gòu)答案解析：1.C。本句句意為：小班授課確保了學(xué)生和教師之間的密切互動(dòng)。在本句中，faculty意為“（高等院校的）全體教員”。

2.Thethreatofunemploymenthasbeenloomingonthehorizon.中劃線單詞的釋義

為_(kāi)_____。[單選題]*

A.消失

B.收獲

C.跟隨

D.逼近(正確答案)答案解析：2.D。本句句意為：失業(yè)的威脅已經(jīng)在逼近。在本句中，loom意為“逼近”。

3.Multipleclinicaltrialsareunderwaytoinvestigatepotentialtreatments.中劃線單詞的

釋義為_(kāi)_____。[單選題]*

A.審判

B.瑣事

C.試驗(yàn)(正確答案)

D.蹤跡答案解析：3.C。本句句意為：目前正在進(jìn)行多項(xiàng)臨床試驗(yàn)，以研究潛在的治療方法。在本句中，trial意為“試驗(yàn)”。

4.Theycalledforassurancesthatthegovernmentiscommittedtoitseducationpolicy.中

劃線單詞的釋義為_(kāi)_____[單選題]*

A.津貼

B.保證(正確答案)

C.保險(xiǎn)

D.自信答案解析：4.B。本句句意為：他們要求政府保證切實(shí)執(zhí)行其教育方針。在本句中，assurance意為“保證”。

5.Thereportinginthepapersisentirelypartialandmakesnoattempttobeobjective.中

劃線單詞的釋義為_(kāi)_____。[單選題]*

A.特殊的

B.部分的

C.不公平的(正確答案)

D.不重要的答案解析：5.C。本句句意為：報(bào)紙上的報(bào)道完全不公平，而且也沒(méi)打算保持客觀。在本句中，partial意為“不公平的”。

6.ManybusinessesaremovingoutofNewYorkbecausethe______therearesohigh.[單選題]*

A.overheads(正確答案)

B.overtimes

C.outlooks

D.outsets答案解析：6.A。本句句意為：許多企業(yè)正遷出紐約，因?yàn)槟抢锏拈_(kāi)支太高了。在本句中，overhead意為“開(kāi)支”。B選項(xiàng)overtime意為“加班”；C選outlook意為“前景”；D選項(xiàng)outset意為“開(kāi)始”。

7.Shegavesomeshockingexamplesto______theseriousnessofthesituation.[單選題]*

A.upset

B.upend

C.underline(正確答案)

D.undergo答案解析：7.C。本句句意為：她舉了一些令人震驚的例子以強(qiáng)調(diào)形勢(shì)的嚴(yán)峻。在本句中，underline意為“強(qiáng)調(diào)”。A選項(xiàng)upset意為“擾亂”；B選項(xiàng)upend意為“使顛倒”；D選項(xiàng)undergo意為“經(jīng)歷”。

8.Thejuryreturneda______verdictofguiltyafterashortdeliberation.[單選題]*

A.magnetic

B.magnificent

C.anonymous

D.unanimous(正確答案)

答案解析：8.D。本句句意為：陪審團(tuán)經(jīng)過(guò)短時(shí)間商討后一致裁決有罪。在本句中，unanimous意為“全體一致的”。A選項(xiàng)magnetic意為“磁的”；B選項(xiàng)magnificent意為“宏偉的”；C選項(xiàng)anonymous意為“匿名的”。

9.Itmaybemanyyearsbeforethisdreadfuldiseaseis______.[單選題]*

A.acquired

B.approved

C.converted

D.conquered(正確答案)答案解析：9.D。本句句意為：要戰(zhàn)勝這種可怕的疾病可能需要許多年。在本句中，conquer意為“戰(zhàn)勝”。A選項(xiàng)acquire意為“獲得”；B選項(xiàng)approve意為“批準(zhǔn)”；C選convert意為“轉(zhuǎn)化”。

10.Problems______iftheparentsapproachtodisciplineisinconsistent.[單選題]*

A.arise(正確答案)

B.arouse

C.prey

D.pray答案解析：10.A。本句句意為：如果父母的管教方式不一致，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。在本句中，arise意為“出現(xiàn)”。B選項(xiàng)arouse意為“引起”；C選prey意為“捕食”；D選項(xiàng)pray意為“祈禱”。

11.Theheatinthiscoastaltownistemperedbycoolseabreezes.中劃線單詞的近義詞

為_(kāi)____。單選題]*

A.elevated

B.relieved(正確答案)

C.aggravated

D.grieved答案解析：11.B。本句句意為：清涼的海風(fēng)緩和了這座海濱小城的炎熱。在本句中，temper意為“緩和，減輕”。A選項(xiàng)elevate意為“提高”；B選項(xiàng)relieve意為“減輕”；C選aggravate意為“使嚴(yán)重”；D選項(xiàng)grieve意為“悲痛”，故B為正確答案。

12.Shecouldn’tdisguisethefactthatshefeltuncomfortable.中劃線單詞的近義詞

為_(kāi)_____。[單選題]*

A.betray

B.trumpet

C.cloak(正確答案)

D.seize答案解析：12.C。本句句意為：她無(wú)法掩飾她那不安的心情。在本句中，disguise意為“掩飾”。A選項(xiàng)betray意為“背叛”；B選項(xiàng)trumpet意為“吹噓”；C選cloak意為“掩飾”；D選項(xiàng)seize意為“抓住”，故C為正確答案。

13.Itallowsnicotinetodiffuseslowlyandsteadilyintothebloodstream.中劃線單詞的

近義詞為_(kāi)_____。[單選題]*

A.cancel

B.scan

C.disperse(正確答案)

D.diminish答案解析：13.C。本句句意為：它能使尼古丁平穩(wěn)緩慢地滲透到血液里。在本句中，diffuse意為“使分散”。A選項(xiàng)cancel意為“取消”；B選項(xiàng)scan意為“掃描；細(xì)看”；C選disperse意為“分散”；D選項(xiàng)diminish意為“減小”，故C為正確答案。

C.starves;of

D.logs;in答案解析：19.B。本句句意為：一堵高墻將這棟房子與村莊的其他部分隔離開(kāi)來(lái)。在本句中，isolate…from…意為“將……與……隔離開(kāi)”。A選項(xiàng)squeeze…from…意為“從……中榨出……”；C選starve…of…意為“使……得不到所需要的……”；D選項(xiàng)log…in…意為“讓……登錄……”。

20.Threepeoplehavebeenarrestedfor______arms______theterrorists.[單選題]*

A.deleting;from

B.discerning;from

C.electing;as

D.supplying;to(正確答案)答案解析：20.D。本句句意為：有三個(gè)人因?yàn)橄蚩植婪肿犹峁┪淦鞫徊丁Ｔ诒揪渲?，supply…to…意為“將……供應(yīng)給……”。A選項(xiàng)delete…from…意為“從……中刪去……”；B選項(xiàng)discern…from…意為“從……中識(shí)別……”；C選項(xiàng)elect…as…意為“選舉……為……”。

二、語(yǔ)法填空題。（每1分，5分）

21.Alotofstudentstakeuplawastheirprofessionduetotheattractionoffinancialrewards.劃線部分在句中所作的成分是________。[填空題]*空1答案：狀語(yǔ)

22.Moreexplanationswerebeingmadeataratethatthepeoplecouldnolongerignore.劃線部分的從句類型是________[填空題]*空1答案：定語(yǔ)從句

23.Manyhistorianshavebeguntofocusontherolesslaveryplayedinthelivesofthefoundinggeneration.劃線部分在句中所作的成分是________。[填空題]*空1答案：定語(yǔ)

24.Tofindoutifthisextendstonon-livingbeings,LalehQuinnattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,andhercolleaguestestedwhetherratscandetectsocialsignalsfromroboticrats.劃線部分的從句類型是________[填空題]*空1答案：賓語(yǔ)從句

25.Thetrendwasnaturallymostobviousinthoseareasofsciencebasedespeciallyonamathematicalorlaboratorytraining,andcanbeillustratedintermsofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheUnitedkingdom.該句的主干是________。[填空題]*空1答案：Thetrendwas(naturally)mostobviousandcanbe

illustrated.

三、句子分析及翻譯。（每1-2分，共15分）

26.Tenyearsagoyoungpeoplewerehardworkingandsawtheirjobsastheirprimaryreasonforbeing.（1）劃線部分的主語(yǔ)是：____________________________________

（2）翻譯句子：___________________________________________[填空題]*_________________________________

27.We’rdoingthesethingsbecauseweknow(theyhelppeoplestayoffbenefitsandhelpthoseonbenefitsgetintoworkfaster).（1）與劃線部分并列的是_______________________________（1分）

（2）（）中內(nèi)容的從句類型是___________________________（1分）

（3）翻譯句子________________________________________（2分）[填空題]*_________________________________

28.Thismovement,drivenbypowerfulanddiversemotivations,builtanationoutofawildernessand,byitsnature,shapedthecharacteranddestinyofanunchartedcontinent.（1）句子的主干是____________________________（2分）

（2）翻譯句子________________________________（2分）[填空題]*_________________________________

29.Withouttheabilitytothinkcritically,todefendtheirideasandunderstandtheideasofothers,theycannotfullyparticipateinourdemocracy.（1）句子的主干是__________________________（2分）

（2）翻譯句子______________________________（2分）[填空題]*_________________________________

四、閱讀解題步驟。（每題7分，共35分）

選段1

（Para.1）①Sen.ElizabethWarrenthinksmillionairesandbillionairesaretoorichandhasintroducedlegislationtotaxawaysomeoftheirwealth.②HerUltra-MillionaireTaxActof2021wouldlevya2%annualtaxonnetwealthabove$50millionandanadditional1%above$1billion.③Butthebiggestbeneficiarieswouldbeforeignbillionaires.（Para.2）①AccordingtoestimatesconductedforMs.WarrenbyUniversityofCalifornia-BerkeleyeconomistsEmmanuelSaezandGabrielZucman,onlyabout100,000families,or“l(fā)essthan1outof1,000,”wouldpaythetax,whichtheyestimatewouldraise“around$3trillionovertheten-yearbudgetwindow2023-2032,ofwhich$0.4trillionwouldcomefromthebillionaire1%surtax.”（Para.3）①YetTax

Foundationeconomistsdiscoveredasurprisingconsequencewhenwerantheproposalthroughourgeneralequilibriumtaxmodellastyear.②Themodelshowedthatdespitebeingamassivetax,raisingnearly$300billionayear,thetaxhadonlyamodestimpactongrossdomesticproduct.③Howcanthatbe?（Para.4）①ThemodelpredictedthatwealthyU.S.citizenswouldselltheirassetsatfire-salepricestopaythetax.②BecausetheU.S.isanopeneconomy,manyoftheseassetswouldbeboughtbyforeigninvestorsatthediscountedprices.③Thus,whileawealthtaxwouldn’tshrinktheU.S.economymuch,itwouldchangewhoownsU.S.assets.WhatJeffBezos,WarrenBuffettandMarkZuckerbergsell,JackMa,CarlosSlimandthesultanofBruneimightbuy—andthey’dbeexemptfromtheU.S.wealthtax.（Para.5）①Tobesure,Americanmillionairesandbillionaireswouldtrytofindwaystoavoidthetax.②ManyEuropeancountriesabandonedtheirwealthtaxesbecausetheirrichcitizensmovedtocountriesthatdidn’tlevysuchtaxes.③Since1996,thenumberofEuropeannationswithawealthtaxhasdwindledtofourfrom14.（Para.6）①TheWarrenbillwouldattempttodiscouragewealthyAmericanfromdiscardingtheircitizenshipbyimposinga40%exittax.②Whilesomerichfamiliescoulddecidetheycanlivecomfortablyabroadwiththeremaining60%ofa$100billionfortune,othersmaystayhomeandsimplysoldsomeoftheirassetstopaythetax.③Butifforeigninvestorssnapupthoseassetsatfire-saleprices,itstillputsthoseassetsoutofreachoftheU.S.wealthtax.Eitherwaythetaxhasdefeateditspurpose.（Para.7）①I(mǎi)tistheoreticallypossiblethatMs.Warren’swealthtaxcouldreduceinequalityinAmericaonastatisticalbasis.②ButtheremustbeabetterwayofachievingthatgoalthanbyredistributingwealthfromAmericanbillionairestoforeignones.①Sen.ElizabethWarrenhasproposedto______.②Theword“fire-sale”(Para.4)istheclosestinmeaningto______.③WhatmighttherichAmericansdotoavoidthewealthtaxaccordingtoParagraphs5and6?7④Theauthor’sattitudetowardMs.Warren’swealthtaxis______.⑤Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthistext?A.Warren’sWealthTaxEnrichesForeignBillionaires

B.Warren’sWealthTaxRestrictsImmigrationC.AmericaSays“No”toEuropeanMillionairesD.AmericaLeadstheChargeonWealthTax

30.（1）識(shí)別題型:判斷第⑤題為主旨大意題的依據(jù)為_(kāi)_____。（1分）

（2）通過(guò)題干縮小答案范圍:根據(jù)前四道題干中的重復(fù)表達(dá)______可初步將答案范

圍縮小到______。（2分）

（3）通過(guò)文章確定答案:文章主旨句位于第______段______句。（2分）

（4）匹配答案:通過(guò)分析主旨句，最終匹配選項(xiàng)______。（2分）填空題]*_________________________________

選2①Yetagradualrevivalofthesecondhandtradehasgatheredpaceinthelastyear.②AtfashionwebsiteAsos,vintagesaleshaverisen92%.③Busyfamiliessellcast-offitemsoneBay,teenagerstradeonDepopandfashionistasofferdesignerlabelsonVestiaireCollective.④Strikingly,ithasbecomebigenoughbusinessthatmainstreamretailerswantasliceoftheaction.⑤Coshaslaunchedaresaleserviceonitswebsite.⑥Asdaannouncedlastweekthatitwillsellsecondhandclothingin50supermarkets,followingasuccessfulpilotproject.TheCosandAsdaexamplesareusedtoillustrate______.A.anewfashiontrendofwearingdesignerlabelsB.majorbrands’participationinsecondhandtradeC.consumersgrowingneedforonlinepurchasingD.businesses’cautiousnessaboutresellingclothes31.（1）識(shí)別題型:判斷該題為例證題的依據(jù)為_(kāi)_____。（1分）

（2）定位論據(jù):根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞定位到論據(jù)______句。（2分）

（3）尋找論點(diǎn):根據(jù)論據(jù)的位置，找到論點(diǎn)______句。（2分）

（4）匹配選項(xiàng):通過(guò)分析論點(diǎn)句，最終匹配選項(xiàng)______。（2分[填空題]*_________________________________

選段3①Wecannolongerallowemotion-recognitiontechnologiestogounregulated.②Itistimeforlegislativeprotectionfromunprovenusesofthesetoolsinalldomains—education,healthcare,employmentandcriminaljustice.③Thesesafeguardswillrecentrerigorousscienceandrejectthemythologythatinternalstatesarejustanotherdatasetthatcanbescrapedfromourfaces.Theauthor’sattitudetowardstheapplicationofAItoemotionrecognitionis______.A.disappointedB.favorableC.cautiousD.scornful32.（1）識(shí)別題型:判斷該題為態(tài)度題的依據(jù)為_(kāi)_____。（1分）

（2）排除干擾:選項(xiàng)中，作為不可選態(tài)度，首先排除______。（2分）

（3）回文定位:根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，回文定位到______句。（2分）

（4）匹配選項(xiàng):通過(guò)分析定位句，最終匹配選項(xiàng)______。（2分）[填空題]*_________________________________

選4①ThemodelpredictedthatwealthyU.S.citizenswouldselltheirassetsatfire-salepricestopaythetax.②BecausetheU.S.isanopeneconomy,manyoftheseassetswouldbeboughtbyforeigninvestorsatthediscountedprices.③Thus,whileawealthtaxwouldn’tshrinktheU.S.economymuch,itwouldchangewhoownsU.S.assets.WhatJeffBezos,WarrenBuffettandMarkZuckerbergsell,JackMa,CarlosSlimandthesultanofBruneimightbuy—andthey’dbeexemptfromtheU.S.wealthtax.Theword“fire-sale”istheclosestinmeaningto______.A.lowB.stableC.expensiveD.average33.（1）識(shí)別題型:判斷此題為詞義句意題。

（2）尋找語(yǔ)義關(guān)系:原文______提示語(yǔ)義______（一致/相反）（2分），可根據(jù)原

文哪些信息判斷fire-sale的詞意?（3分）

（3）匹配選項(xiàng):最終匹配選項(xiàng)______。（2分）[填空題]*_________________________________

選5①“Fearticleschangeownersmorefrequentlythanclothes.②Theytraveldownwardsfromgradetogradeinthesocialscalewithremarkableregularity,”wrotethejournalistAdolpheSmithin1877ashetracedagarment’journey:cleaned,repairedandresoldrepeatedly;eventuallycutdownintoasmalleritem;finally,whenitwasbeyondallwearability,thefibresrecycledintonewfabricforthewealthierclasses.AccordingtoAdolpheSmith,garmentsin1877______.A.werepopulargiftsforaveragefamiliesB.reflectedthetensionbetweenrichandpoorC.couldbetransportedandsoldnationwideD.wereoftenrecycledforanothertransaction34.（1）識(shí)別題型:由題干判斷本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。

（2）回文定位：該題題干中的關(guān)鍵詞為_(kāi)_____，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到______

句，該關(guān)鍵詞與原文______（原詞/派生詞/同義表達(dá)）對(duì)應(yīng)。（3分

（3）匹配選項(xiàng)：通過(guò)分析定位句，最終匹配選項(xiàng)______，與該選項(xiàng)含義匹配的關(guān)

鍵信息為_(kāi)_____。（4分[填空題]*_________________________________

五、閱讀解題能力。（每5分，25分）Throughoutthepandemic,betweenone-thirdandone-halfofAmericanemployeesworkedinperson.Mostoftherestofthemwereforcedtoworkfromhome.Andinfact,almosttwo-thirdsofpeopleinapolllastfallfeltthattheconsofworkingfromhomeoutweighedthepros.Someemployers,however,haverealizedthatseveralofthepandemic’workaroundsarecost-efficient,andareconsideringmakingthempermanent.Inwhatwemightcalla“Zoomforever”move,manycompaniesarecontemplatingradicallydownsizingtraditionalofficespacesandmakingremoteworkpermanentforlargegroupsofemployees.Remoteworkdoeshavesomehappinessbenefits.Forpeople

句，該句指出：在一場(chǎng)我們可以稱為“永遠(yuǎn)Zoom”的運(yùn)動(dòng)中，許多公司正在考慮徹底縮小傳統(tǒng)辦公空間，并讓大批員工長(zhǎng)期遠(yuǎn)程辦公，C項(xiàng)同義替換②句中makingremoteworkpermanentforlargegroupsofemployees（讓大批員工長(zhǎng)期遠(yuǎn)程辦公），因此正確項(xiàng)為C。排除干擾：A項(xiàng)利用第二段①句的原詞cost-efficient進(jìn)行干擾，原文該詞用來(lái)闡述：一些應(yīng)對(duì)疫情的權(quán)宜之計(jì)具有成本效益，但與“永遠(yuǎn)Zoom”運(yùn)動(dòng)起到的作用無(wú)關(guān)，可排除；B項(xiàng)重現(xiàn)首段首句原詞one-thir，但原文只指出：在疫情期間，三分之一到二分之一的美國(guó)雇員面對(duì)面工作，并未提到“永遠(yuǎn)Zoom”運(yùn)動(dòng)，可排除；D項(xiàng)利用第二段②句的原詞office進(jìn)行干擾，②句雖然提到許多公司正在考慮徹底縮小傳統(tǒng)辦公空間，但并未對(duì)實(shí)體辦公室的缺點(diǎn)展開(kāi)論述，故可排除。

36.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsremotewor