初中英語一般過去時

PAGE4一般過去時講解與練習(xí)定義表示的是：某個動作作發(fā)生在過去的時間里，并且這個動作已經(jīng)完成了。常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。如：lastyear,yesterday等；也可表示過去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，常和often,always等頻率副詞連用。一、巧記一般過去時：動詞一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生的事；be用was或用were,have,has變had；謂語動詞過去式，過去時間作標(biāo)志；一般動詞加-ed，若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡單，主語之后didn’t添；疑問句也不難，did放在主語前；不含be動詞時如果謂語之前有did，謂語動詞需還原；動詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。含be動詞時疑問句也不難，要把was，were放在主語前。be的一般過去時：學(xué)習(xí)動詞be的一般過去時，下面有一口訣，它可以幫你們更好地掌握動詞be的一般過去時。be的過去時有四巧：一是時間狀語巧，表示過去的短語要記牢；二是形式巧，單數(shù)was，復(fù)數(shù)were；三巧是否定句結(jié)構(gòu)，not緊跟was／were；四是疑問句式巧，was／were向前跑(提前)?！疽磺伞繒r間狀語（即標(biāo)志詞）巧。一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，恰巧與表示過去的一些時間狀語連用。1.1.yesterday或以其構(gòu)成的短語：yesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening)等；2.由“l(fā)ast+一時間名詞”構(gòu)成的短語：lastnight,lastyear(winter,month,week)等；3.由“時間段+ago”構(gòu)成的短語：amomentago,ashorttimeago,anhourago等；4.其它：justnow等5.由某些表示過去時態(tài)的從句等?！径伞啃问角伞Ｋc一般現(xiàn)在時一樣，形式多樣：當(dāng)主語是第一人稱單數(shù)或第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞用was；主語是第二人稱或其他人稱復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用were。例如：Iwasintheclassroomyesterdaymorning．昨天早上我在教室里。HewasatschoollastTuesday．上周二他在學(xué)校。Theywereoverthereamomentago．剛才他們在那邊?！救伞糠穸ň浣Y(jié)構(gòu)巧。與動詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時一樣，它在動詞后面加not即可變成否定句，并且was,were與not可以縮寫成wasn't,weren't。即：主語＋wasn't／weren't＋表語＋其他。例如：Iwasnot(＝wasn't)hereyesterday．昨天我不在這兒。Myparentswerenot(＝weren't)athomelastSunday．上周日我父母不在家?！舅那伞恳蓡柧涫角伞０褀as,were提到句首，句末用問號即可變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?。即：Was(Were)＋主語＋表語＋其他？這恰巧與動詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時的疑問句式相似。例如：Wereyouathomethedaybeforeyesterday﹖前天你在家嗎？Wasshelatethismorning﹖今天早上她遲到了嗎？更巧的是疑問句的答語也相似，肯定回答用“Yes,主語＋was／were．”；否定回答用“No,主語＋wasn't／weren't．”。例如：—WereWeiHuaandHanMeiherejustnow﹖剛才魏華和韓梅在這兒嗎？—Yes,theywere．(No,theyweren't．)是的，她們在。（不，她們不在。）一般過去時主要是通過謂語動詞的變化來表示的。英語中每種時態(tài)都要求謂語動詞進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化。在一般過去時里，要求謂語動詞用動詞“過去式”。原形動詞變?yōu)檫^去式，可以概括為兩類：一類是規(guī)則的變化，另一類是不規(guī)則的變化。1.規(guī)則變化的動詞過去式規(guī)則變化的動詞過去式(1)在詞尾加ed或d英語中大部分動詞過去式都是規(guī)則變化的，即在動詞后加上ed；如果結(jié)尾字母是不發(fā)音的e，則只要加上一個d就行了。例如：work-worked

clean-cleaned

play-playeddecide-decided

live-lived

love-loved

(2)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加edstudy-studied

hurry-hurried

carry-carried

(3)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫最后的輔音字母再加edstop-stopped

drop-dropped

2.不規(guī)則變化的動詞過去式不規(guī)則變化是指過去式不能加ed，用另外一個詞來表示。這樣的不規(guī)則過去式也有很多，只有靠一個一個去記憶了。例如：is/am-was

are-were

have/has-hadshall-should

will-would

can-could

may-mightgo-went

come-came

take-took

4.____you______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7.I________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.8.What______she________(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She_________(find)abeautifulbutterfly.9.It_________(be)Ben'sbirthdaylastFriday

10.10.Weall_________(have)agoodtimelastnight.四、改錯題1．HowisJaneyesterday?_____________________2．Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.____________________________3．Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.____________________________4．Icanflykitessevenyearsago.______________________________5．Didyousawhimjustnow.____________________________________6．Tomwasn’twatchTVlastnight.____________________________________7．Ididn’tmyhomeworkyesterday.____________________________________8．Hewaitforyouthreehoursago.____________________________________9．Whofinditjustnow?________________________________________10.Whatmakehimcry(哭)justnow?__________________________________【課后練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇：從下列各題后所給的四個選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案填空。()1．Myfather＿＿＿＿＿＿illyesterday．A．isn'tB．a(chǎn)ren'tC．wasn'tD．weren't()2．＿＿＿＿＿＿yourparentsathomelastweek﹖A．IsB．WasC．AreD．Were()3．Thetwins＿＿＿＿＿＿inDalianlastyear．They＿＿＿＿＿＿h(yuǎn)erenow．A．a(chǎn)re;wereB．were;areC．was;areD．were;was()4．＿＿＿＿＿＿yourfatheratworktheday＿＿＿＿＿yesterday(前天）﹖A．Was;beforeB．Is;beforeC．Was;afterD．Is;after()5．—WhowasondutylastFriday﹖—＿＿＿＿＿＿．A．IamB．IwasC．Yes,IwasD．No,Iwasn't()6.Icleanedmyclassroom___________.AwiththreehoursBthreehoursagoCinthreehoursDthreehoursbefore()7.Icame_______myhousetwodaysago.Abackon Bbackto CtobackDback()8.___________?Hedidsomereadingathome.AWhatdoesyourfatherdoyesterdayeveningBWhatdoesyourbrotherdointheschoolCWhatdidyourbrotherdoovertheweekendDWheredidyourbrothergolastSunday()9.Whatdidyoudo________?Iwenttothemovies.AnextmorningBovertheweekendCintheweekendDnextMonday()10.Thekoalasleeps_______，butgetsup_________.Aduringtheday;attheeveningBatday;duringnightCintheday;duringtheevening Dduringtheday;atnight二、請用正確動詞形式填空。1.I_________(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.2._________she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she_________.3.What________Tom________(do)onSaturdayevening?He________(watch)TVand__________(read)aninterestingbook.4.Theyall_________(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.5.She_________(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She________(stay)athomeand_________(do)somecleaning.6.When________you_________(write)thissong?I__________(write)itlastyear.7.Myfriend,Carol,________(study)forthemathtestand________(practice)Englishlastnight.8.________Mr.Li__________(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?Yes,he_________.9.How_________(be)Jim'sweekend?It_________(benot)bad.10.________(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?No.she__________.三、翻譯下列句子1.我過了一個忙碌但卻刺激的周末。I______________________________________excitingweekend.2.Jenny喜歡看書。昨晚她看了一本英語書。Jennylikes___________________.She_________anEnglishbooklastnight.3.Emma每天都看電視。可是昨天他沒有看。Emma__________TVeveryday.Buthe_________________________yesterday.4.上周六他們做什么了？他們做作業(yè)和購物了。What________they__________________Saturday?They___________________homeworkand___________________.5.今天早上方方得做飯，因?yàn)樗赣H不在家。ThismorningFangfang____________________________becausehisfather_______________________yesterday.6.你還有什么要說的？What_______wouldyoulike______________?7.放學(xué)別忘了向老師說聲再見。Don’tforget___________________________theteacher.8.為什么你昨晚沒有看電視？Why_______you_______TVlastnight?9.他在打掃教室的時候，發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有塊表。Whenhe______theclassroom,he______awatchontheground.10.他什么時候出生的？1980年。When_______he_______?_______1980.四、改寫句子：1、Lucydidherhomeworkathome.（改否定句）Lucy_______________herhomeworkathome.2、Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge（冰箱）.（變一般疑問句)___________he_____________________meatinthefridge?3、Therewassomeorangeinthecup.（變一般疑問句)_______there_______orangeinthecup?4.Frankreadaninterestingbookabouthistory.（一般疑問句）_______Frank_______aninterestingbookabouthistory?5.Whynotgooutforawalk?（同義句）_______________________outforawalk?6.ThomasspentRMB10onthisbook.（否定句）Thomas___________RMB10onthisbook.7.Myfamilywenttothebeachlastweek.（劃線提問）________________________family_______lastweek?8.IthinksheisLily’ssister.（否定句。注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移）____________________9.Sallyoftendoessomereadinginthemorning.（否定句）Sally_____