2022年廣東省梅州市大學英語6級大學英語六級模擬考試(含答案)

2022年廣東省梅州市大學英語6級大學英語六級模擬考試(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Euroisthesecondlargestcurrencyintheworldtoday.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.Ajoint-stockcorporationallowspeopleto______.

A.dividethecorporation'sproperty

B.holdsharesofthecorporation

C.returntheirpercentagebacktothecorporation

D.dividetheirinitialinvestmentstoacorporation

3.

Nowadayspeoplearesobusywiththeirdallyroutinesthattheyneglectto______.

4.

Themostprobablecauseofdepressionisthatitisanimbalancein______.

5.Youshouldpayspecialattentiontothefirstsixquestionsofthe12questionsbecausetheymakeupthebaseonwhich______.

6.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsomeexperts?

A.Theyareauthoritiesonlyintheirownfields.

B.Theyaren'teasilyfooledbythetrickytests.

C.Themistakesthey'vemadeareinevitable.

D.Theysometimesfailtodowellasclaimed.

7.

Inordertohealthepainofanabusedperson,weshould______.

A.improveoureducation

B.punishthebadguys

C.showhimourcompassion

D.maketheworldabetterplace

8.

ThestrongenvironmentalsentimentsthatledtoEarthDayyieldeddramaticchangesinAmericanlegislationandreflected______.

9.

Americanhighschoolstudentssinkalmosttothebottominasurveyofmathandscienceliteracybecausetoomanyofthehighschool______inAmericaarenotqualified.

10.

Ifyouwanttoauthorizesomeonetomakeyourfinancialdecision,youneedto______.

11.

Thelowconfidencelevelofconsumersandproducersisoneofthegeneralfactorsofarecession.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

SomepeoplethoughtthatNASAactedouttheApolloprograminmoviestudiospartiallybecausethepicturestransmittedfromthemoondonotinclude______.

13.

Sinceexercisesmaycontrolconditionssuchasdiabetesandhighbloodpressure,someoldpeopledon'tneedto______iftheybeginanexerciseprogram.

14.

Whenyouexperienceandobserveyourinflectionpoint,youshouldstopyourcareeratonce.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

Theearthisunfrozentodaywiththeappearanceof______.

A.themethaneblanket

B.amile-thicklayerofice

C.newlifeforms

D.thecarbondioxide

16.

______aretwoexamplesoffindingcreativewaystokeepingupservicesfortherapidlyagingpopulationinruralEurope.

17.Thegreatbiologicplausibilitymakesitpossibletousemicrobicidesandoral-preventiondrugstopreventHIVinthenext10years.

18.Foracompanyowner,unpleasanthumanresourcessituations______.

A.arenotdifficulttodealwith

B.shouldnotdrawmuchattention

C.canreducetheworkefficiency

D.arenecessaryforhis/hersuccess

19.Whatdidtheresearchersdotoparticipantsintheexperiments?

A.Theyputonamagicperformancetotheparticipants.

B.Theydivertedtheparticipants'attentionanddisruptedtheirchoosing.

C.Theychangedthethingsparticipantschosewithouttheirnoticing.

D.Theyaddedconfusiontothetwooptionstheparticipantsfaced.

20.

Thedevelopednationswillmakemoreeffortstoincreasetheirpopulationgrowth.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(35)

A.Intheirproperties.

B.Intheircharacteristics.

C.Intheirpeculiarity.

D.Intheirrepresentativefunction.

22.(28)

A.Theylivedaluxuriouslifeandtheirdietwasverydelicate.

B.Theylivedahighlycivilizedcourtlife.

C.Theylivedaprimitivelifeandtheirtablemannerswereoftenrude.

D.Theylivedacomparativelyluxuriousbutnot-so-civilizedlife.

23.聽力原文：W:Don'ttalktothebosstoday.Hemusthavegotoutofbedonthewrongside.

M:No,hisarthritisisprobablybotheringhim.It'sawfullydampout.

Q:Whatiswrongwiththebossaccordingtothemsn?

(14)

A.Hehasbeeninabadmoodsincehegotup.

B.Theweatheraffectedhim.

C.Hedoesn'tliketotalktopeople.

D.Hedoesn'taskanyone.

24.(21)

A.Heworkedthereasaguide.

B.Hereadaboutit.

C.Hehadjustvisitedit.

D.Heinterviewedthesculptor.

25.(36)

A.GuangdonghassetupaHIVtestingnetwork.

B.ThenumberofHIVcarriersisincreasinginGuangdongProvincethisyear.

C.ThenumberofHIVcarriersisincreasinginChinathisyear.

D.GuangdonghasmanyclinicsprovidingfreeAIDSconsultations.

26.(43)

27.(19)

A.Thebosswasveryconsideratetohisworkers.

B.Edwasn'tasgoodaworkerasthebossthought.

C.ThebosshadplannedtogiveEdaraiseinsalary.

D.Thebosshasneverconsideredraisingtheworkerssalary.

28.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

IBMresearchersareattemptingtowarmuphuman-computerrelationships.Forexample,IBM,InternationalBusinessMachines,hasbeenworkingongettingcomputerstorecognizehuman【B1】______,suchasanarmwavetomovea【B2】______objectonscreen.Recently,thecompany'sresearchershavegonea【B3】______furtherbytrainingacomputertorecognizehuman【B4】______Todemonstratetheirprogress,IBM【B5】______outPong,a【B6】______headwithoutbodythatcanreacttohumanfacialexpressionswithasmileora【B7】______Pongusesacamerato【B8】______yourgesturesinpainorangerorfrowningandusessoftwaretointerpretwhatitsees.Butdon'texpectyourcomputertostartgrinningatyouanytimesoon.【B9】______________________Inthemeantime,youcangetatasteofthefuturebyplayingwithbasicgesture-recognitiontechnologyonyourownWindowsPC.【B10】_______________________Cybernet's$40Headhuntersoftwarecantrackandtranslateheadmovementsintogamecommands.Leanleft,forexample,andtheonscreenviewmovesleft.Cybernetprogrammerspointoutthatthisismorethanfunandgames:【B11】___________________________

【B1】

29.(29)

A.Theyhaveaprivatetutor.

B.Theygotoaregularschool.

C.Theyattendaspecialschool.

D.Theyaretaughtbytheirparents.

30.

【B11】

31.聽力原文：W:Wenowinterruptourregularschedulednewsprogramtobringyouliveup-to-datecoverageonthecivilunrestinthenewlyformedcountryofKarnak,whereourmanStanFieldingisstationed.Stan...

M:ThisisStanFieldingreportinglivefromthesuburbsofthecapitalcity.Just20minutesago,rebelforceslaunchedthebiggestoffensiveagainsttherulinggovernmentinthe18-monthconflicthereinthiscountry.

W:NowStan,isthisasignthatthepeaceprocesshasbeentotallyabandoned?

M:Well,sofar,peacenegotiationshavefailed,andanyresolutiontoendthecivilwarappearsbleakatthismoment.Asyoucansee...Whoa.

W:Stan,Stan,areyouthere?

M:Uh,yes,Shelly.Asyoucanprobablyhearbehindme,rebelforcesarealsousingheavyartillerytopoundthepositionsofgovernmentforcesaroundthecitycenter.Rebelforcesareclosingin,andit'sfearedthattheywillbeabletotakethecapitalbuildingbeforedaybreakwhere,itisbelieved,manygovernmentofficialsareholdingout.

W:Now,besidestheheavyfighting,whatotherpressingconcernsarethereforthecitizensofthecity?

M:Well,sincethebeginningoftheconflict,starvation,andlackofcleanwaterandadequateshelterhavebeenthebiggestdailyobstaclesfacingthecitizensofthiswar-torncountry.Itisbelievedthatover40,000people,mostlychildren,havestarvedtodeath.Fortunately,noepidemicshavebrokenout,butthatisalwaysaconcernifthiswarlingerson,

W:Okay,thatwasStanFieldingreporting.Andwewillkeepyouup-to-dateasthisstorycontinuestounfold.

(23)

A.ThelatestdevelopmentsofanarmedrebellioninKarnak.

B.ThefallofKarnak'scapitalcityintothehandsoftherebelforces.

C.TheepidemicthathasjustbrokenoutinthecountryofKarnak.

D.ThepeacetalksbetweentherebelsandthegovernmentinKarnak.

32.聽力原文：M：Hurryup,Linda!Ihearthattherearen'tmanyticketsleftforthefootballmatch.

W：Iamreadynow.Let'sgo.Itistheearlybirdthatcatchestheworm.

Q：Whydidthemanaskthewomantohurryup?

(17)

A.Hedidn'twanttowarmupforthegame.

B.Hedidn'twanttobeheldupintraffic.

C.Hewantedtomakesuretheygottickets.

D.Hewantedtocatchasmanybirdsaspossible.

33.(34)

A.Humanbeingscannotbeabletoadaptphysicalandculturalchanges.

B.Humanbeingsareingenious,imaginativeandhavestrongfaithinlife.

C.Somechangesarebeyondhumanbeings'control.

D.Humanbeingscannotmeetthedemandsofchangesbroughtaboutitself.

34.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Amongstthemostpopularbooksbeingwrittentodayarethosewhichareusually【B1】______assciencefiction,Hundredsof【B2】______arepublishedeveryyearandarereadbyallkindsdpeople.【B3】______,someofthemostsuccessfulfilmsofrecentyearshavebeenbasedonsciencefictionstories.

Itisoftenthoughtthatsciencefictionisfairlynewdevelopmentin【B4】______,butits【B5】______canbefoundinbookswrittenhundredsofyearsago.Theehookswereoften【B6】______withthe【B7】______ofsomeform.ofidealsociety,a【B8】______whichisstilloftenfoundinmodernstories.

【B9】______.BooksbywriterssuchasJulesVerneandH.G.Wells,tomentionjusttwowell-knownauthors,havebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.

Modemsciencefictionwritersdon'twriteaboutmenfromMarsorspaceadventurestories.Theyaremoreinterestedinpredictingtheresultsoftechnicaldevelopmentsonsocietyandthehumanmind,【B10】______.Becauseofthis,theirwritinghasobviouspoliticalundertones.

【B11】______.Thosewhoaresufficientlyclear-sightedtoseethewaywearegoing,however,mayprovideavaluablelessononhowtodealwiththeproblemswhichsocietywillinevitablyfaceasittriestomasteritsnewtechnologyandcometotermswithacontinuallychangingviewoftheworld.

【B1】

35.(25)

A.Becauseheistooyoungtocatchthat.

B.Becausehehasnotbeenexposedtothat.

C.Becausehissisterhasn'tcaughtthat.

D.Becausehehasbeenimmunizedrecently.

36.聽力原文：W:Doyouwanttocomewithmetotheoperatonight?I'vegotextraticketsandIthinkitwilltakeyourmindoffthatmathproblemthatyouweresweatingoverforthelasttwohours.

M:That'llbegreat,buttheoperaisinwhat?Italian,right?IthinkIhaveabetterchanceofunderstandingamathproblem.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(14)

A.Hedoesn'twanttogototheoperatonight.

B.Hehasachancetohaveabreakfromthemathproblem.

C.Hewantstoimprovehismathgradebywatchingoperas.

D.He'llmeetthewomanwhenhehasfinishedthemathproblem.

37.

【B10】

38.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M:Honey,you'vegottodrinklotsofwater.Itwillwashawaytheinfectioninyoureyes.

W:IhavebeendoingthatallthesedaysandIfeelmuchbetter.

Q:Whydoesthewomandrinksomuchwater?

(12)

A.Shewantstohavefairskin.

B.Hereyesdon'tfeelcomfortable.

C.Shewantstowashsomethingawayinherstomach.

D.Shehasadigestionproblem.

39.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽力原文：Don'tworry,behappyand,accordingtoanewresearch,youwillalsobehealthy.

Itisestimatedthatoverthecourseofoneyear,Americanssuffer1billioncolds.Butnewresearchshowsthatallitmaytaketoavoidthiscommonafflictionisapositiveandupbeatattitude.

Peoplewhoarehappy,relaxedandenergetic,arelesslikelytocatchacoldthanthosewhoaredepressed,nervousorangry,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalPsychosomaticMedicine.

Healthyvolunteerswerefirstaskedtoratetheirtendencytoexperiencepositiveandnegativeemotions-howoftentheyfeltpleased,relaxed,happy,oranxious,depressedandhostile.Thesubjectswerenextgivenasquirtupthenoseofarhinovirus(鼻病毒),thenastylittlegermthatcausecolds.Researchersthenwatchedthevolunteerstoseewhocamedownwithacoldandhowtheunluckyillmanifestedtheircoldsymptoms.

"Wefoundthatpeoplewhoregularlyexperiencepositiveemotions,whenexposedtorhinovirus,arerelativelyprotectedfromdevelopingillness,"saidDr.SheldonCohen,leadauthorofthestudyandapsychologyProfessoratCarnegieMellonUniversity.

Althoughpositivepeopleshowedagreaterresistancetocolds,negativepeopledidnotnecessarilygetsickmoreoften.Sohowcanyouremotionsinfluenceyourhealth?Insimpleterms,whenthebrainishappyitsendsmessagestoourorgansthathelpkeepthebodyhealthyandsound.

Inaddition,happyandrelaxedpeoplearepronetobetterhealthpracticesthantheirnegativeandstressedcounterparts.Theyaremorelikelytosleepwellandtoengageinregularexercise,andtohavelowerlevelsofcertainstresshormones.

Don'tworry,behappyand,accordingtoanewresearch,youwillalsobehealthy.

Itisestimatedthatoverthecourseofoneyear,Americanssuffer1billioncolds.Butnewresearchshowsthatallitmaytaketo【36】thiscommonafflictionisapositiveandupbeatattitude.

Peoplewhoarehappy,relaxedand【37】,arelesslikelytocatchacoldthanthosewhoaredepressed,nervousorangry,accordingtoanewstudy【38】inthejournalPsychosomaticMedicine.

Healthyvolunteerswerefirstaskedtoratetheir【39】toexperiencepositiveandnegativeemotions-howoftentheyfeltpleased,relaxed,happy,oranxious,depressedandhostile.The【40】werenextgivenasquirtupthenoseofarhinovirus(鼻病毒),thenastylittlegermthatcausecolds.Researchersthenwatchedthevolunteerstoseewhocamedownwithacoldandhowtheunluckyill【41】theircoldsymptoms.

"Wefoundthatpeoplewhoregularlyexperiencepositiveemotions,whenexposedtorhinovirus,are【42】protectedfromdevelopingillness,"saidDr.SheldonCohen,【43】authorofthestudyandapsychologyProfessoratCarnegieMellonUniversity.

【44】.Sohowcanyouremotionsinfluenceyourhealth?Insimpleterms,【45】.

Inaddition,happyandrelaxedpeoplearepronetobetterhealthpracticesthantheirnegativeandstressedcounterparts.【46】.

(37)

40.

【B4】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Stanleythoughtthat______wastoblameforthecities'collapseinthemiddleoftheeighthcenturyA.D.

42.

Theconstantchangesofcomputinginbothshapeandlocationmainlyattributeto______.

43.

ThepassageintroducesallthethingsabouttheSecurityCouncilEXCEPT______.

A.missionB.membershipC.rightsD.history

44.

Whenitishardtodointernationaltrading,countrieswillnotexchangeacrossborders,butchoosetosupport______.

45.

Thephrase"catchon"(Line1,Para.3)mostprobablymeans______.

A.interfereB.prevailC.perceiveD.continue

46.

Inthepastfewdecadestheincreasingnumbersofmarriedwomentakingjobsoutsidehomehaveattributedtohavingchildren______.

47.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Indealingwithstudentsatthehighschoollevel—thatis,thesecond,thirdandfouryearofhighschool—wemustbearinmindthattosomedegreetheyareatadifficultpsychologicalstage,generallycalledadolescence.Studentsatthislevelarelikelytobeconfusedmentally,tobesubjecttoinvoluntarydistractionsandromanticdreaminess.Theylackfranknessandareusuallyverysensitivebuthatetoadmitit.Fundamentallytheywanttobekeptbusybuttheyrefusetoadmitit.Theyarefrequentlythevictimsofearlierpoortraining,andthismakeseveryeffortdoublyhard.Theyareusuallywillingtowork,buttheybatetoWorkwithoutobtainingtheresults,Theythinktheyarecriticaloftheirinstructorsandofthematerials.Theyaregiventolearn.

Theyarebeginningtofeelthepressureofthetime;andalthoughtheyseldomsayso,theyreallywanttobeconsultedandgivenanopportunitytodirecttheirownaffairs,buttheyneedconsiderableguidance.Theyseldomadmitthattheyneedthisguidanceandtheyfrequentlyfightagainstit,butifitisintelligentlyofferedtheyacceptitwithenthusiasm.Iftheyarehealthytheyarecapableoflongperiodsofconcentrationandanextraordinaryamountofwork.Theyaretrying,mostofthem,toform.politicalideasandtheyhaveatendencytobeeitherextremelyidealisticorconservative,blindlyacceptingwhattheirfathersandgrandfathersbelievedin.Itisinthisperiodthatstudentscanbemosteasilyandpermanentlyinfluenced.Itisinthisperiodinwhichtheyform.strongattachmentsfortheirteachers.Theiroutlookonlifeisusuallyextremelyexaggerated.Theyareeitherfartoomodestorboastful.Theyaremuchmoresusceptibletotheinfluenceofastrongpersonalitythantothatofagreatintelligence.Ofallperiodsoflife,thisiswhatmaybestbecalledthe"plasticage".

Accordingtotheauthor,whatmaythedifficultpsychologicalstageofhighschoolstudentsbecalled?

48.

Whydoesthedog'sownermistreatthedog?

49.【S8】

50.

Inthelastsentenceofthepassage"itsprivatepartner"refersto______.

A.theUNOfficeforProjectsServices

B.theUniversityofPennsylvania

C.GlobalTechnologyOrganization

D.theUNMillenniumSummit

51.

Accordingtothepassage,sinceWorldWarItheinternationalmonetarysystemhasshownanoveralltrendtoward______.

A.tyingthevalueofworldcurrenciestothevalueofgold

B.greatercentralizedcontrolofworldtrade

C.substitutingseveraldifferentmonetarystandardsforasingleunifiedstandard

D.increasinglystablecurrencies

52.(51)

53.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Nowomancanbetoorichortoothin.ThissayingoftenattributedtothelateDuchess(公爵夫人)ofWindsorembodiesmuchoftheoddspiritofourtimes.Beingthinisdeemedassuchavirtue.

Theproblemwithsuchaviewisthatsomepeopleactuallyattempttolivebyit.Imyselfhavefantasiesofslippingintonarrowdesignerclothes.ConsequentlyIhavebeenonadietforthebetter—orworse—partofmylife.Beingrichwouldn'tbebadeitherbutthatwon'thappenunlessanunknownrelativediessuddenlyinsomedistantlandleavingmemillionsofdollars.

Wheredidwegooffthetrack?Whendideatingbutterbecomeasinandalittlebitofextrafleshunappealingifnotrepellent?AllreligionshavecertaindayswhenpeoplerefrainfromeatingandexcessiveeatingisoneofChristianity'ssevendeadlysins.Howeveruntilquiterecentlymostpeoplehadaproblemgettingenoughtoeat.Insomereligiousgroups,wealthwassymbolofprobablesalvationandhighmoralsandfatnessasignofwealthandwell-being.

Todaytheoppositeistrue.Wehaveshiftedtothinnessasournewmarkofvirtue.Theresultisthatbeingfat—orevenonlysomewhatoverweight—isbadbecauseitimpliesalackofmoralstrength.

Ourobsession(迷戀)withthinnessisalsofuelledbyhealthconcerns.Itistruethatinthiscountrywehavemoreoverweightpeoplethaneverbeforeandthatinmanycasesbeingoverweightcorrelateswithanincreasedriskofheartandbloodvesseldisease.Thesediseaseshowevermayhaveasmuchtodowithourwayoflifeandourhigh-fatdietsaswithexcessweight.Andtheassociatedriskofcancerinthedigestivesystemmaybemoreofadietaryproblem—toomuchfatandalackoffiber-thanaweightproblem.

Therealconcernthenisnotthatweweighttoomuchbutthatweneitherexerciseenoughnoreatwell.Exerciseisnecessaryforstrongbonesandbothheartandlunghealth.Abalancedietwithoutalotoffatcanalsohelpthebodyavoidmanydiseases.Weshouldsurelystoppayingsomuchattentiontoweight.Simplybeingthinisnotenough?Itisactuallyhazardousifthosewhogetoralreadyarethinthinktheyareautomaticallyhealthyandthusfreefrompayingattentiontotheiroveralllife-style.Thinnesscanbepurevainglory(虛榮).

Intheeyesoftheauthoranoddphenomenonnowadaysisthat________.

A.theDuchessofWindsorisregardedasawomanofvirtue

B.lookingslimisasymbolofhavingalargefortune

C.beingthinisviewedasamuchdesiredquality

D.religiouspeoplearenotnecessarilyvirtuous

54.

Judgingfromwordformation,"shortfall"in"TheU.S.savingshortfallisequallystressful"(Line1,Para.7)probablymeans______.

55.

Whatkindoflook-alikesisoftenpopular?

A.Themajorityoflook-alikes.

B.Thelong-servicelook-alikes.

C.Royalfamilylook-alikes.

D.Einsteinlook-alikes.

56.(54)

57.

Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowards"self-esteem'(Para.2)?

A.Unconcerned.B.Supportive.C.Cautious.D.Negative.

58.Before1965manyscientistspicturedthecirculationoftheocean'swatermassasconsistingoflargeslow-movingcurrents,suchastheGulfStream.Thatview,basedon100yearsofobservationsmadearoundtheglobe,producedonlyaroughapproximationofthetruecirculation.Butinthe1950sandthe1960s,researchersbegantoemploynewlydevelopedtechniquesandequipmentincludingsubsurfacefloatsthatmovewithoceancurrentandemitidentificationsignalsformonthsatfixedlocationsintheocean.Theseinstrumentsdisclosedanunexpectedlevelofvariabilityinthe'deepocean.Ratherthanbeingcharacterizedbysmooth,large-scalecurrentsthatchangeseasonally(ifatall),theseasaredominatedbywhatoceanographers(海洋研究者)callmesoscalefields(紊流):fluctuating,energeticflowswhosevelocitycanreachtentimesofthemeanvelocityofthemajiorcurrents.

Mesoscalephenomena--theoceanicanalogueofweatherterms--oftenextendtodistancesof100kilometersandpersistfor100days(weathersystemsgenerallyextendabout1000kilometersandlast3to5daysinanygivenarea).Morethan90percentofthekineticenergyoftheentireoceanmaybeaccountedforbymesoscalevariabilityratherthanbylarge-scalecurrents.Mesoscalephenomenamay,infact,playasignificantroleinoceanicmixingair-seainteractions,and'occasionalbutfar-reachingclimateeventssuchasEINino,theatmospheric-oceanicdisturbanceintheequatorialPacificthataffectsglobalweatherpatterns.

Unfortunately,itisnotfeasibletouseconventionaltechniquestomeasuremesoscalefields.Tomeasurethemproperly,monitoringequipmentswouldhavetobelaidoutonagridatintervalsofatmost50kilometers,withsensorsateachgridpointlowereddeepintheoceanandkeptthereformanymonths.Becauseusingthesetechniqueswouldbeprohibitivelyexpensiveandtime-consuming,itwasproposedin1975thattomography(X射線斷層攝影技術)beadaptedtomeasuringthephysicalpropertiesoftheocean.InmedicaltomographyX-raysmapthehumanbody'sdensityvariations(andhenceinternalorgans);theinformationfromtheX-rays,transmittedthroughthebodyalongmanydifferentpaths,isrecombinedtoform.three-dimensionalimagesofthebody'sinterior.Itisprimarilythismultiplicativeincreaseindataobtainedfromthemulti-pathtransmissionofsignalsthataccountsforoceanographers'attractiontotomography:itallowsthemeasurementofvastareaswithrelativelyfewinstruments.Researchersreasonedthatlow-frequencysoundwaves,becausetheyaresowelldescribedmathematicallyandbecauseevensmallperturbations(動搖)inemittedsoundwavescanbedetected,couldbetransmittedthroughtheoceanovermanydifferentpathsandthatthepropertiesoftheocean'sinterior-itstemperature,salinity,densityandspeedofcurrents-couldbededucedonthebasisofhowtheoceanalteredthesignals.Theirinitialtrialswerehighlysuccessful,andoceanacoustictomographywasborn.

WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoPara.1?

A.Nowadays,scientistspicturedthecirculationofocean'swatermassasconsistingoflargeslow-movingcurrents.

B.Before1965,theconceptofscientistsproducedonlyaroughapproximationofthetruecirculation.

C.Researchersbegantodoresearchonthedevelopedtechniquesandequipment.

D.Theseinstrumentsdisclosedanexpectedlevelofvariabilityinthedeepocean.

59.

Thefox,inthepassage,is______.

60.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Thebacteriathatcauseacommonfood-borneillnessshowlowdrugresistanceinAustralia,unlikesimilarstrainsfromtheUnitedStatesandEurope,astudyhasfound.ScientistsbehindthefindingsayAustralia'sdefactobanoncertainantibioticsinpoultry(家禽)andotherlivestock.helpsexplainwhy.

Inthestudy,researchersanalyzedsamplesofCampylobacterjejuni(空腸彎曲桿菌)bacteriafrom585patientsinfiveAustralianstates.

Scientistsfoundthatonly2percentofthesampleswereresistanttociprofloxacin(環(huán)丙沙星),oneofthegroupofantibiotic