2021屆北京市第二十四中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題及答案

2021屆北京市第二十四中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題及答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AArtificialintelligence（Al）ispracticallyeverywheretoday.TherearesomanyproductsouttherewhichuseAl.Somearebeingdeveloped,somearealreadyinuse,andsomefailedandarebeingimproved,soit’sverydifficulttonameafewofthemandregardthemasthebest.ViItisanAlpersonaltrainerwhichismainlyconcernedwithfitnessandcoaching.It,however,requirestheuseofbio-sensingearphonesandotherfitnesstrackingequipment!Itcanplayyourfavouritemusicwhileyouworkoutandallyouhavetoworryaboutistheexerciseyou'redoing.DeepTextDoyoueverwonderhowanadappearssuddenlyjustwhenyouarelookingforsomethingsimilar?ThisisbecauseofDeepText.Itusesreal-timeconsumerinformationtoproducedatawhichinturnisusedtotargetconsumers.Thus,ifyousearchonlineforflightticketsfromBangaloretoDelhi,itisverylikelythatanadrelatingtohotelsinDelhiwillsoonfollow.HelloEggIfyoulivealoneandmissyourmotherbecauseyoualwaysmissyourbreakfastordon’tknowwhattoeatfordinner,thenHelloEggisexactlywhatyouarelookingfor.Averyhealthychoiceofthe2-minutenoodlesandoats,HelloEggprovidesyouwithadetailedweeklymealplanabouttheneedsofyourbody.ItistrulyamodernAI-poweredhomecookingtoolfortheyoung.WordsmithYoucanputMr.SmithintoyourMicrosoftExcelusingtheirfreeAPI,andletitwriteupdetailedanalysisofthestoriesbehindyournumbers.Itcanproducedetailedreportsonthousandsofpagesofspreadsheetsinseconds.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutVifromthetext?ItisanAImusicplayer.Itisabio-sensingearphone.Itdoesn'tworkwithoutbio-sensingearphones.Itcanmakeyoumoreenergeticwhileyouworkout.Whichcanhelpyouimprovecookingskill?A.DeepText. B.Vi.C.Wordsmith. D.HelloEgg.WhatcanWordsmithdoforus?Produceadetailedreport.Provideuswithadetailedmealplan.Bookaticketaheadoftime.Offerusinformationonhotelsfortraveling.BCokewasintroducedbytheCocaColacompanyin1886,makingitarathertrueandtestedfavoriteofgenerationsofpeopleinover200countries.Thislistshouldgiveyousomeideasonhowtogetmorefromyourcokethanusual..CocaColaisanexcellentrustbuster（除銹劑）.Ifyouhaveabunchofsmallrustyobjects,putthemincokeovernightandgivethemagoodscrubinthemorning.Cokehelpstobreakdowntherust,makingcleaningmucheasier.Besuretothrowouttheusedcokewhenyouaredonewithitoryoumightbetakingatriptothedoctor..Likethepreviousitem,thecitricacid（檸檬酸）incokemakesforanexcellentwindowcleaner.Thisisespeciallyusefulforcarwindows.Pouracanofcokeoverthewindowandrubthewindow,thenwipeitoffwithawetclothtoremoveanysugarymatterfromthesugarinthedrink.Ascokeisfullofsugar,youshouldcleanthestickymatteroffthewindowglasses,oritwillbenotacleanerbutadirt..Forthoseofyouwholiveinareaswhereskunk（臭鼬）smellscanbeanissuefromtimetotime,onecanofcokeaddedtowaterwithdetergent（清潔劑）reallyhelpstobreakthesmelldown.Ifyouhavebeensprayed,standintheshowerandcoveryourselffromheadtotoewithcoke—waitforafewminutes,thenwashyourselfwithashower.Cokeisanexcellenthairtreatmentsoyougettwotipsforthepriceofonewiththisitem!.Potscansometimesgetblackonthebottom.Theblackisalmostimpossibletoremove;thisiscausedbyover-cooking.Toremovetheblackandrenewyourpot,pourinacanofcoke（orasmuchasyouneedtocovertheblackenedareabyaninch）andputitonthestoveonalowheat.Afteranhourorso,washthepotasnormal.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scrub”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Start. B.Cleaning.C.Shake. D.Example.Whatisimportantwhileusingcoketocleancarwindows?A.Useadrycloth.Rubthewindowlightly.Don’tpourtoomuchcoke.Cleanthesugarymatterthoroughly.Forwhichpurposedoescokehavetobemixedwithothermaterial?Togetridoftheblackonthepot.Tobreakdowntherust,Toremovesmells.Tocleanwindows.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Anadvertisement. B.Areview.C.Anewsreport. D.Apracticalguide.CDoctorsareknowntobeterriblepilots.Theydon’tlistenbecausetheyalreadyknowitall,Iwaslucky:Ibecameapilotin1970,almosttenyearsbeforeIgraduatedfrommedicalschool.Ididn’trealizethen,butbecomingapilotmakesmeabettersurgeon.Ilovedflying.As1flewbigger,fasterplanes,andinworseweather,Ilearnedaboutcrewresourcemanagement（機(jī)組資源管理）,orCRM,anewideatomakeflyingsafer.Itmeansthatcrewmembersshouldlistenandspeakupforagoodresult,regardlessofpositions.IfirstreadaboutCRMin1980.Notlongafterthat,anattendingdoctorandIwereflyinginbadweather.Thecontrollerhadusturntoolatetogetourlandingready.Theattendingdoctorwasflying;Iwassafetypilot.Hewassobusybecauseofthebadturn,hehadforgottentoputthelandinggear（起落架）down.Hewasabetterpilot—andmyboss—soitfeltunusualtospeakup.ButIhadto:Ourliveswereindanger.Iputasidemyuneasinesssandsaid,weneedtoputthelandinggeardownnow!ThatwasmyfirstreallessoninthepowerofCRM,andI’veuseditintheoperatingroomeversince.CRMrequiresthatthepilot/surgeonencourageotherstospeakup.Itfurtherrequiresthatwhenopinionsarefromtheopposite,thedoctordoesn’toverreact,whichmightpreventfellowdoctorsfromvoicingopinionsagain.SowhenI’mintheoperatingroom,Iaskforideasandhelpfromothers.Sometimesthey’renotwillingtospeakup.ButIhopethatifIcontinuetoencouragethem,somedaysomeonewillkeepmefromlandinggearup.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutdoctorsingeneral?Theylikeflyingbythemselves.TheyarequicklearnersofCRM.Theypretendtobegoodpilots.Theyareunwillingtotakeadvice.TheauthordeepenedhisunderstandingofthepowerofCRMwhen.hisbosslandedtheplanetoolatehewasinchargeofaflyingtaskhesavedtheplanebyspeakinguphisbossoperatedonapatientInthelastparagraphlandinggearupprobablymeans.followingflyingrequirementsmakingamistakethatmaycostliveslisteningtowhatfellowdoctorssayoverreactingtodifferentopinionsWhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?CRM:ANewWaytoMakeFlyingSafeAPilot-TurnedDoctorTheMakingofaGoodPilotFlyingMakesMeaBetterDoctorDDisease-carryingmosquitoescanspreaddiseaseswithoutaffectingthemselves.Nearly700millionpeoplegetamosquito-borneillnesseachyear,whichresultsinoveronemilliondeaths.Humansexperiencecontinuouspressuresfromdisease-carryingmosquitoesinmanypartsoftheworld,sowehavetofindwaystofightagainstthoseinsectsbecausetheykeepgettingscarier.EventhoughDEETremainsthemostcommonlyused,andmostpowerful,mosquitorepellenteverdeveloped,scientistsareactivelypursuingeffectiveproductsbasedentirelyonplantoils.WhileDEETisaneffectivecontactrepellent,manypeopledisliketheoilyfeelandsmellontheirskin,andsometimessomepeoplearesensitivetoit.ConsumersarealwaysinterestedinalternativestoDEETandothersyntheticrepellents,sotherearenumerousnaturalrepellentsonthemarket.InhislabatIowaStateUniversity,Dr.JoelCoatsandhisteamhavesuccessfullytestedtheserepellentsagainstthreespeciesofdangerousmosquitoes.Thefirstgroupofthenewrepellentsactthroughtheair.Thesechemicalshaveavaporactionthatprovidesprotection,andtheyarecalled“spatial”repellents,sincetheyactthroughspace.Thesearepotentiallymostusefulinbackyards,parks,andhouses.Theothergrouparetheclassiconesthatstopinsectsfromstandingonatreatedsurface,suchashumanskin,clothingortents;collaboratorsattheUSDA-ARSandBioGentshaveconductedtestingwithhumanstoconfirmtheeffectivenessandidentifytheverybestones.Thenewrepellentsweredesignedandmadefromthenaturalmaterialsinplantessentialoils.Theymaintainmanyoftheadvantagesofthenaturalrepellents:Theyarefullybiodegradable,withnoecologicalconcernsorenvironmentalwastes,andgenerallyconsideredsafelikethethousandsoftypesofplantessentialoilsusedintheflavorandperfumeindustries.However,thoroughtestingwillbeconductedtodetermineiftheyaretrulynon-poisonousbecausethereisstillnoenoughevidence.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoshowinparagraph1?Thewaymosquitoesspreaddisease.Thehighdeathrateofmosquito-borneillness.Thedifficultyoffightingdisease-carryingmosquitoes.Theurgencyoffindingtoolstofightagainstmosquitoes.WhatisadisadvantageofDEET?A.Itwon’tbeeffectiveforlong. B.Itcan’tbeapplieduniversally.C.Itcausesdiscomforttotheusers. D.Itgreatlyharmspeople’shealth.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesecondgroupofthenewrepellents?Theycankillmosquitoesindirectly.Theyaremainlyusedintheopenair.Theyaremoreeffectiveonhumanskin.Theycanpreventmosquitoesfromcontactingusers.What’stheauthor’sattitudetothenewrepellents?A.Subjective. B.Objective.C.Doubtful. D.Disapproving.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Holidayswithfriendscanbegreatfunandagoodwayofgettingtoknoweachotherbetter.Onceyouareonholiday，thetripcanbefulloffantasticmemoriesifit'splannedcorrectly.?Chooseadestination___16___Goingabroadwillcostmorebutbeamoreexcitingexperience.Goingtoadifferentplaceinyourowncountrycanalsobefunandwillbecheaper.?CollectyourfriendsFindouthowmuchinterestthereisfrompeopletogoonthetrip，andworkoutyourmaximumandinvitethosewhoyougetonwellwith.?MeetupEveryonewillhavetheirownideaofwhatthetripistobelike,someetupatalocalcafeorrestaurant,andshareyourideasandconcerns. 17 Don'ttrytooverpowerothers.Onceyou'veallsharedideasyou'llhaveamuchbetterideaofhowtostartorganizingthetrip.?Lookforaccommodation18Whenyouaresearchingforaplacetostayin,readreviewsandratings（等級(jí)）.Bookitassoonaspossiblebecauseleavingittoolateisgoingtomakethingsharder.?BooktransportOnceyouhaveaccommodation,you'llknowthedatesofyourstayandbeabletobooktransport,coach,bus,airplane,etc. 19 ?ChoosethingsyouwanttodothereWhenyouareonyourtripitwillbemorerelaxingifyouhaveagoodideaofwhatkindofthingsyouwanttodo.ResearchtheareaontheInternetandbooksomeactivitiesyouwanttojoinin. 20 Don'tbookaloadofthingswhichyoucan'tafford.Onepersonwillnaturallybetheleader.Checkoutifyourideaisnecessary.Thefirststepistoworkoutwhereyouwanttogo.Matchtheactivitiestoyourbudget.Bookingtransportwellinadvancelowersthecostgreatly,sopleasedoitsoon.Makesurethatthetriptotheforeigncountryisnottoolong.Findoutyourhotelneartotheplaceyouwanttovisit.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分,滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Whenmosttoddlerscanspeaksmallsentenceanduseabout200words,mythree-year-oldKimberknewonlyfiftysmallwords.Sheexpressedherselfindifferentways.___21___ways!Shepointed,climbed,gestured,criedandevenlearnedbabysignlanguage.ButKimberdidnotuse___22___ifshecouldhelpit.Kimberwastested,andwediscoveredshehad___23___delay.Later,welearnedthiswas___24___processingandexecutivefunctiondisorders,whichmadeitvery___25___forhertolearnnewsounds,lettersandpronunciations.___26___,Kimberwassmartenoughto___27___thatshedidn’tsaywordsthesamewayaseveryoneelse.Ifshecouldn’tsaywordsright,shedidn’twanttosaythematallandshehatedtobe___28___soshedidn’tusewordsever.That___29___onehotsummerdaywhilewewerevisitingafriend.Myfriendhadalitterofkittens 30 togivetogoodhomesmostofthekittenshidintheclosetwhenmy 31 toddlerapproachedthem,butonelittlegreyonedidnot 32 ,soon,theyplayedtogether,whenitwastimetoleave,myfriendsuggestedwetakekittyhome. 33 Kimberhadthekittenoverhershoulderanditspawswere 34 hershirt,Iagreed.Thenextmorning,Isawthemostamazingthing.Shewastalking!“goodkitty.Liedown.”Kimbersaid,pettingthecatmyeyeswerefilledwithtearsasIwitnessedthe 35 .ThatcharmingcatinspiredKimbertoovercomeherown 36 andusthewordssheknew!Isat 37 ,listeningtohertakingtohernewlittlepet.“Kitty,comehere.It’stimetoplay!”sevenwordsina 38 fromKimber’slipswereallthatIneededtohear.Kittyneverwentbacktomyfriend.Hewonhis 39 inourhome.HewastheperfectpettohelpKimberthroughhis 40 loveandacceptance.21.A.instantB.ordinaryC.wonderfulD.tricky22.A.criesB.wordsC.posturesD.sounds23.A.logicB.memoryC.behaviorD.speech24.A.basedonB.duetoC.focusedonD.equalto25.A.impossibleB.likelyC.difficultD.hopeless26.A.InotherwordsB.Inparticular C.Asaconsequence D.Worsestill27.A.recognizeB.distinguishC.pretendD.accept28.A.correctedB.criticizedC.encouragedD.emphasized29.A.improvedB.happenedC.developedD.changed30.A.abandonedB.readyC.adoptedD.unwilling31.A.cautiousB.scaredC.indifferentD.curious32.A.fleeB.shiverC.leapD.crouch33.A.althoughB.sinceC.ifD.while34.A.tiedtoB.accessedtoC.attachedtoD.confinedtoA.miracleB.incidentC.sufferingD.struggleA.self-confidenceA.inconfusionB.self-respectinwonderC.self-disciplineinamusementD.self-doubtingriefA.wayB.lineC.rowD.momentA.fameB.satisfactionC.securityD.placeA.unconditionalB.fearlessC.hopelessD.complicated第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式HaveyouhadenoughtroublespellingEnglishwords?Youarenotalone.ScholarshavearguedagainsttheirregularitiesinEnglishspellingsincethe17thcentury.Partoftheproblem 41. (cause)bythevariousoriginsofEnglishwords.German,Latin,FrenchandGreekareallcommon 42. (source),andeachfollowsadifferentsetofrulesforspelling.SomeEnglishlearnersknowthat 43. (memorize)theLatinrootsofEnglishwordsisagreatwaytoenlargetheirvocabulary,asmanyLatin-rootedwordsenteredEnglishfromFrenchaftertheNormanConquest(諾曼人征服英格蘭).TheNormansusedFrench 44. thelanguageofthecourt,throwingOldEnglishoutofofficialusageforaround300years.BythetimeEnglishwasagainallowedatthecourt,itwasaFrench-influencedlanguage.Therewas___45.___(actual)nosetformofspelling.Untilthe15thcenturytheuseoftheprintingpressandthemassdistribution(大量流通)ofbooks___46.___(freeze)thespellingofwords.Thespellingsystemweusetodayisbasedonthe___47.___(pronounce)ofthattime.SupportersofEnglishspellingreformarguethatreplacingwordswithregularspellingruleswillmake