2023年高考英語人教一輪復(fù)習(xí)寫作素能培養(yǎng) 全市一等獎

寫作素能培養(yǎng)第三部分第五講寫好非謂語動詞眾所周知，作文中出現(xiàn)過多的簡單句會讓人覺得單調(diào)乏味，句子與句子之間的關(guān)系顯得松散；而文章中過多地出現(xiàn)復(fù)合句又顯得累贅，讀起來費勁。恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\用非謂語動詞對簡單句和復(fù)合句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，不僅句型多樣，句子活潑，而且讀起來結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，言簡意明。一、運用非謂語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡單句寫作時，我們可以利用非謂語動詞對兩個簡單句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，使其成為較高級的表達(dá)方式。轉(zhuǎn)換時可采用“三步法”：第一步：寫出兩個簡單句。第二步：找準(zhǔn)兩個簡單句的對接點，讓一個句子作為主干，另一個句子用非謂語動詞進(jìn)行改寫。第三步：判斷應(yīng)用何種非謂語動詞，把握好時態(tài)和語態(tài)，最后連接起來。示例：第一步：寫出兩個簡單句。①Thefasteconomicdevelopmentbefore2016wasprobablythemostpowerfulengine.②Itdrivestheconstantgrowthinthebox-officeincome.第二步：讓句①作主句，用非謂語動詞改寫句②。第三步：讓句②作定語，由于其動詞drive與主語it之間為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語。Thefasteconomicdevelopmentbefore2016wasprobablythemostpowerfulenginedrivingtheconstantgrowthinthebox-officeincome.(2017·江蘇高考書面表達(dá))其他幾個轉(zhuǎn)換的例子如下：1．我為那事感到非常遺憾，開始考慮做些什么來幫一下。Ifeelquitesorryforthat.Ibegintothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.→Feelingquitesorryforthat，Ibegintothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)2．另一方面，我將幫著建立英語角，提供給我們學(xué)生一個練習(xí)英語口語的平臺。Ontheotherhand，IwillhelpsetuptheEnglishcorner.IwillprovideusstudentsaplatformtopracticeouroralEnglish.→Ontheotherhand，IwillhelpsetuptheEnglishcorner，providingusstudentsaplatformtopracticeouroralEnglish.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)3．這兒的人都喜歡湯姆寫的那本小說。Allthepeopleherelikethenovel.ItiswrittenbyTom.→AllthepeopleherelikethenovelwrittenbyTom.(過去分詞作定語)4．我們應(yīng)該多講英語。我們認(rèn)為這是很重要的。WeshouldspeakmoreEnglish.Wethinkitisveryimportant.→WethinkitveryimportanttospeakmoreEnglish.(it作形式賓語，不定式作真正賓語)5．我們應(yīng)該如何提高我們的英語口語水平？這是個問題。HowshouldweimproveourspokenEnglish？Itisaquestion.→HowtoimproveourspokenEnglishisaquestion.(不定式短語作主語)→ThequestionishowtoimproveourspokenEnglish.(不定式短語作表語)運用非謂語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡單句1．Weweretouchedbytheteacher'swords.Wedecidedtoworkhard.Touchedbytheteacher'swords，wedecidedtoworkhard.2．Ididn'treceiveherletter.Ihadtowriteagain.Nothavingreceivedherletter，Ihadtowriteagain.3．Theboycametoschoollateagain.Thismadetheteacherveryangry.Theboy'scomingtoschoollateagainmadetheteacherveryangry.4．Theboysweremakingthemostoftime.Theywantedtofinishtheworkearlier.Theboysweremakingthemostoftime(soas)tofinishtheworkearlier.5．Isawanoldgranny.Shelayontheground.Iwentovertohelpher.Seeinganoldgrannylyingontheground，Iwentovertohelpher.二、運用非謂語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句用非謂語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句比轉(zhuǎn)換簡單句要容易一些，因為需轉(zhuǎn)換的一般是從句部分，這時只需要判斷用何種非謂語動詞，再把握好時態(tài)和語態(tài)即可，所以只需兩步。示例：第一步：寫出復(fù)合句。Sinceyouhaverealizedthatyourtimeislimited,you'llhavetostudyforyourgoalswithoutangerorhesitation.第二步：把since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)換為非謂語動詞，realize與you之間為主謂關(guān)系，且表示完成，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語。Havingrealizedthatyourtimeislimited,you'llhavetostudyforyourgoalswithoutangerorhesitation.其他幾個轉(zhuǎn)換的例子如下：1．驚詫于他們的熟練程度，我決心要像他們一樣好。BecauseIwasamazedathowskillfultheywere，Ideterminedtobejustasgood.→Amazedathowskillfultheywere，Ideterminedtobejustasgood.(過去分詞作狀語)2．看到一輛車朝她而來，我伸出手把她拉了回來。WhenIsawacarrunningtowardsher，Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.→Seeingacarrunningtowardsher，Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)3．練習(xí)了接近兩個月籃球后，我們強烈渴望獲得一場勝利。Afterwehadpracticedplayingbasketballforalmosttwomonths，westronglydesiredtobethewinner.→Havingpracticedplayingbasketballforalmosttwomonths，westronglydesiredtobethewinner.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)4．這里曾有一家化肥廠，位于城市的南邊。它每天釋放出大量有毒氣體，污染環(huán)境。Therewasalargefactory，whichproducedfertilizer.Everydayitgaveoutalotofpoisonousgas，whichpollutedtheenvironment.→Therewasalargefactory，whichproducedfertilizer.Everydayitgaveoutalotofpoisonousgas，pollutingtheenvironment.注意：“原句”中分別由which引導(dǎo)兩個定語從句，重復(fù)且單調(diào)，將第二個定語從句轉(zhuǎn)換為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語后，不僅表達(dá)多樣，而且言簡意明。5．因為手里沒拿著什么東西，他們不敢與狼搏斗。Becausetheyhadnothingontheirhand,theydidn'tdaretofightagainstthewolf.→Withnothingontheirhand,theydidn'tdaretofightagainstthewolf.(2017·浙江高考書面表達(dá))〔名師點撥〕在所有的高級語法中，閱卷老師幾乎都喜歡看到獨立主格和分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，其實幾乎所有的狀語從句都可以變成獨立主格或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。如果你的作文中有狀語從句，學(xué)會下面的口訣，就可以改成獨立主格或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)這個最大的亮點：一去，二看，三改。一去：去連詞；二看：看主語；三改：改分詞。Onseeingafewpeoplestillintheburninghouse

itpossibleforthemtomasterone

3．Itookpartinthemeeting，whichwasheldinBeijinglastFriday.Itwasveryinstructive，whichwashostedbyamanagerwhocametoourcompanyyesterday.→Itookpartinthemeeting___________________lastFriday.Itwasveryinstructive，whichwashostedbyamanager________________________________.4．Motherwenttoworkinahurry，andshedidn'thavebreakfast.Shewasasbusyasabeethesedaysandcamebackhomeverylate.→Motherwenttoworkinahurry____________________________.Shewasasbusyasabeethesedays，______________________________.heldinBeijing

comingtoourcompanyyesterday

withouthavingbreakfast

comingbackhomeverylate

一般表達(dá)：TherearealargenumberoftaxidriversinBeijing.Theyservepassengersheartandsoul.TheyplayanimportantpartinthetrafficofBeijing.Theymakesomemoney.Theyworkfromdawntillnight.Oneday，IleftmycellphoneinthetaxiItook.Igotintouchwiththedriver.Hedrovetomyhomeandgaveitbacktome.Iwasveryexcited.高級表達(dá)：TherearealargenumberoftaxidriversinBeijing，servingpassengersheartandsoulandplayinganimportantpartinthetrafficofBeijing.Inordertomakesomemoneytosupporttheirfamilies，theyworkfromdawntillnight.Oneday，IgotoutofthetaxiinahurrywithmycellphoneleftinthetaxiItook.Onhearingwhathadhappened，thetaxidriverdrovetomyhomeasfastaspossibleandgavethecellphonebacktome.Seeingmycellphoneagain，Iwastooexcitedtosayaword.

2．大城市里高樓大廈林立，房價越來越高。一方面，很多人無房居住，另一方面，大量房子卻賣不出去。不少人即使買了一套住房，恐怕也要一輩子辛辛苦苦工作來還銀行貸款。我們希望政府采取措施，關(guān)心這些收入不高的人群。一般表達(dá)：Therearemoreandmoretallbuildingsinbigcities.Theirpricesaregoingupdaybyday.Ononehand，therearestilllotsofpeople.Theyhavenohousestolivein.Ontheotherhand，manyapartmentsarehardtosellout.Evenifyoubuyanapartment，I'mafraidyouhavetopayoffthemoneyyouborrowfromthebank.Youwillworkhardd