2022高考英語(yǔ) 名師指導(dǎo)分項(xiàng)拿分專訓(xùn) 特色題型專練2 任務(wù)型閱讀＋短文改錯(cuò)

PAGEPAGE4(二十七)特色題型專練(二)——任務(wù)型閱讀＋短文改錯(cuò)(限時(shí)30分鐘)Ⅰ.任務(wù)型閱讀ASomeexpertsfeelthattheautomobileisto“die”.Theyseeadayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenallautoswillbeabandonedandallowedtobecomerottenironandsteelrubbish.__1__Theythinkthatthecarwillremainaleadingmeansofurbantravelinthenearfuture.__2__Itshouldbecomesmaller,safer,andmoremoney-saving,andshouldnotbepoweredbythepetrolengine.Thecarofthefutureshouldbefarmorepollution-freethanpresenttypes.Regardlessofitspowersource,theautointhefuturewillstillbethemainprobleminurbantrafficjam.__3__Whentheautoentersthefreewaysystem,aretractablearm,whichcanbemovedinwardsorbackwards,willdropfromtheautoandtoucharailthatissimilartothesubwaytrainselectricallypoweredfromthesystem,andcontrolofthevehiclewillpasstoacentralcomputer.__4__Thedriverwilluseatelephonetodialinstructionsabouthisdestinationintothesystem.Thecomputerwillcalculatethebestroute,andreservespaceforthecarallthewaytothecorrectexitfromthefreeway.__5__Itisguessedthatanautomatedfreewaywillbeabletohandle10,000vehiclesperhour,comparedwiththe1,500to2,000vehiclesthatcanbecarriedbyapresent-dayfreeway.A．Otherauthorities,however,thinktheautoisheretostay.B．Thecomputerwillthenmonitorallofthecar'smovements.C．Oneproposedsolutiontothisproblemistheautomatedfreewaysystem.D．Expertshavedifferentviewsonwhatroleautoswillplayinthenearfuture.E．Themotorcarwillundoubtedlychangesignificantlyoverthenext30years.F．Driversinthefreewaysystemcansitbackanddonothingbutcontrolthedirection.G．Thedriverwillthenbefreetorelaxandwaitforthesoundspeakerthatwillwarnhimofhiscomingexit.1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______本文屬于科普知識(shí)類，為大家預(yù)測(cè)了將來(lái)的汽車是什么樣子，以及怎樣操控它。1．A首先根據(jù)文章開(kāi)頭的“Someexperts...”可知與A項(xiàng)的“Otherauthorities”構(gòu)成some...others的結(jié)構(gòu)；其次，根據(jù)后文說(shuō)到“...remainaleadingmeansofurbantravel”可知，本句和前面說(shuō)的“汽車消失”形成對(duì)比。故選A項(xiàng)。2．E根據(jù)空后的“Itshouldbecomesmaller，safer，andmoremoney-saving，andshouldnotbepoweredbythepetrolengine.”可知選E項(xiàng)。3．C根據(jù)空前的“themainproblem”及后文的“thefreewaysystem”可知C項(xiàng)起到了承上啟下的作用。4．B根據(jù)空前的“controlofthevehiclewillpasstoacentralcomputer”可知選B項(xiàng)。5．G本段都是講述電腦控制汽車是如何運(yùn)行的，故選G項(xiàng)。BDoyouhavetroublegettingstartedinthemorning?Doyouhaveproblemslearningearlyintheday?Ifyoudo,youarenotalone,__1__Theylearnbetteratnightthantheydointhemorning.Toinvestigatewhencockroaches(蟑螂)learnbest,researchersatVanderbillUniversitytestedtheinsectsforwhichodor(peppermint薄荷orvanilla香草)theypreferred.Mostcockroachespreferredthesmellofvanillatothatofpeppermintatalltimes.__2__Therefore,thescientiststrainedthecockroachestopreferthepeppermintsmellbyrewardingtheinsectswithatasteofsugarwaterwhentheyapproachedapeppermintsmell.__3__Whenthecockroachesweretrainedatnight,theyrememberedthenewassociations(peppermint＝sugarwater;vanilla＝saltwater)forupto48hours.However,ifthecockroachesweretrainedinthemorning,theyquicklyforgotwhichsmellwentwithwhichwater.__4__So,cockroacheslearnbetteratnightthantheydointhemorning.__5__Becauseofthis,itislikelythatinformationtheygatheratnightwillbemoreusefultothem.Theseexperimentsprovidesomecluesabouttheinteractionsbetweenbodyrhythms,learningandmemory.A．Whentheseinsectsmovedtowardavanillasmell,ontheotherhand,theywerepunishedwithatasteofsalt.B．Thisresultthusshowsthatthetimewhentheyweretraineddecidedtheeffectoftheirlearning.C．Theyareoftenmoreactiveandtendtosearchforfoodduringthenight.D．Theywerealsofoundtolikesugarwater,butnotsaltwater.E．Cockroacheshavethesameproblem!F．Buttheypreferwarmconditionsfoundwithinbuildings.G．Pestspeciesadapteasilytotheirenvironment.1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______科學(xué)家通過(guò)試驗(yàn)說(shuō)明了蟑螂更適于夜間行動(dòng)，在夜間它們身體的各個(gè)機(jī)能都好于早晨，所以工作效率也會(huì)更高。1．E前面說(shuō)到你不再孤單，即還有別人像你一樣不喜歡早起、不喜歡早上學(xué)習(xí)，所以接下來(lái)就要說(shuō)有同樣問(wèn)題的人或物是誰(shuí)了。故選E項(xiàng)。2．D根據(jù)下文中“withatasteofsugarwater...”可知選D項(xiàng)。3．A本段介紹了蟑螂對(duì)糖水和鹽水不同反應(yīng)的試驗(yàn)，前面介紹了糖水，接下來(lái)肯定要說(shuō)到鹽水。故選A項(xiàng)。4．B此處是一個(gè)總結(jié)句，是對(duì)以上試驗(yàn)的一個(gè)結(jié)論。故選B項(xiàng)。5．C試驗(yàn)證明了蟑螂在夜間的反應(yīng)更快，所以效率也會(huì)更高。故選C項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò)A假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(﹨)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Whenwehadourclass,ourpsychologyteacherwouldtakeanyliquidmedicinefromatinybottle.Thistouchedthewholeclasses.Wethoughtthatheshouldaskforleaveandstayedathomeforarest,sohecametoeachclassontime.Therefore,allofusstudiedpsychologyhardthanwedidanyothersubject.Intheendofthatterm,wetoldhimthathowmuchweappreciatedhim.Weweresoworryingaboutherhealththatweaskedhimwhatdiseasehegotandwhatmedicinehetook.Withsatisfiedsmile,hesaid,“I'mquiteallrightandit'sabottleoftea.”1．第一句中的any→some本句是肯定句，所以用some。2．第二句中的classes→class此處表示“整個(gè)班級(jí)”，是一個(gè)整體，所以應(yīng)該用單數(shù)。3．第三句中的stayed→staystay與ask并列，用在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should之后。4．第三句中的so→but分析語(yǔ)境可知此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，而不是因果。5．第四句中的hard→harder根據(jù)“than”可知應(yīng)該使用比較級(jí)。6．第五句中的In→Atattheendof“在……的結(jié)尾、末期”；intheend“最后”。7．第五句中的第二個(gè)that去掉told后面是“howmuch...”引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，表示“我們表達(dá)了我們是多么的喜歡(欣賞)他”，所以that多余。8．第六句中的worrying→worriedbeworriedabout“為……擔(dān)心”，為固定搭配。9．第六句中的her→his根據(jù)后文的“him”可知用his。10．第七句中的With后加asmile前有形容詞修飾，所以用作可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，故用不定冠詞修飾。B假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(﹨)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。MygrandfatherandIenjoyfishing.OneSundaymorningwegofishingatalake.Wetookoursfishingpolesandheadedforthelake.Assoonaswearrived,sowedroppedthelinesintothewater.Beforewaitingforabouthalfanhour,Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.Iwantedtogiveup,andmygrandfathertoldmetowaitalittlelonger.Finally,therewereasuddenpullatthepoleandfishwascaught.Withinthenextfewminute,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.Felthungry,webuiltafirebythelakeandbarbecuedthefish.Itwasdelicious.答案：MygrandfatherandIenjoyfishing.OneSundaymorningweeq\f(go,went)fishingatalake.Wetookeq\f(ours,our)fishingpolesandheadedforthelake.Assoonaswearrived，eq\o(so,＼)wedroppedthelinesintothewater.eq\f(Before,After)waitingforabouthalfanhour，Iwasbeginningtogeteq\f(impatiently,impatient).Iwantedtogiveup，eq\f(and,but)mygrandfathertoldmetowaitalittlelonger.Finally，thereeq\f(were,was)asuddenpullatthepoleandeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))fishwascaught.Withinthenextfeweq\f(minute,minutes)，mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.eq\f(Felt,Feeling)hungry，webuiltafirebythelakeandbarbecuedthefish.Itwasdelicious.C假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(﹨)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。I'msorrytoknowyouarenotfeelingwell.I'mwritingtoofferyousomegoodadvices.Iknowyouarenervouslynowanddon'tknowwhattodo.Youareworriedwhatyouwouldn'tpasstheexam.Andyouhavetoomanyhomeworktodo.Don'tworryaboutthat.Inmyopinion,you'dbettertosparesometimetorelax.Youcangetrelaxingbylisteningtosomelightmusicorcommunicatingwithyourfriends.Whenyoutellthemtheirtrouble,theymustwillingtohelpyou.