MBA全國(guó)聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)之MBA專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)十七

MBA全國(guó)聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)之MBA專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)十七acompensationsysteminwhichworkersarepaidspecificallyforeachitemproduced

plannedorunplannedinventories打算或無(wú)打算庫(kù)存

plannedinventoriesarethosefirmschoosetohaveonhandbecausetheymakebusinessmoreefficient;unplannedinventoriesresultwhencannotsellwhattheyproduce

policyineffectiveness政策無(wú)效性命題

thepropositionthatgovernmentpoliciesareineffective--policiesaimedatstimulatingaggregatedemandatmostchangethepricelevel

plannedeconomy打算經(jīng)濟(jì)

aneconomyinwhichmostdecisionsaboutresourceallocationaremadebythegovernment,

portfoliotheories資產(chǎn)組合理論

theoriesthatarguethatmonetarypolicyaffectsoutputthroughitseffectonpricesofvariousassets,inparticularthepricesofstocks

portfolio資產(chǎn)組合

aninvestor’sentirecollectionofassetsandliabilities

potentialGDP潛在GDP

ameasureofwhatthevalueofGDPwouldbeiftheeconomy’sresourceswerefullyemployed

potentialoutput潛在產(chǎn)出

thelevelofoutputthatwouldprevailiflaborwerefullyemployed(outputmayexceedthatlevelifworkersworkmorethanthenormallevelofovertime)

precautionarysavingsmotive慎重儲(chǔ)蓄動(dòng)機(jī)

peoplesavetoguardagainstthechanceofanunexpectedillnessoraccident

predatorypricing掠奪性定價(jià)

thepracticeofcuttingpricesbelowthemarginalcostsofproductiontodriveoutanewfirm(ortodeterfutureentry),atwhichpointpricescanberaisedagain

presentdiscountedvalue現(xiàn)期貼現(xiàn)值

howmuchanamountofmoneytobereceivedinthefutureisworthrightnow

priceindex價(jià)格指數(shù)

ameasureofthelevelofpricesfoundbycomparingthecostofacertainbasketofgoodsinoneyearwiththatcostinabaseyear

principal本金

theoriginalamountasaverdepositsinabankoraborrowerborrows

principal-agentproblem全部者—代理人問題

anysituationinwhichoneparty(theprincipal)needstodelegateactionstoanotherparty(theagent),andthuswishestoprovidetheagentwithincentivestoworkhardandmakedecisionsaboutriskthatreflectstheinterestsoftheprincipal

privatemarginalcost私人邊際本錢

themarginalcostofproductionbornebytheproducerofagood;whenthereisanegativeexternality,suchasairpollution,privatemarginalcostislessthansocialmarginalcost

privatization私有化

theprocesswherebyfunctionsthatwereformallyrunbythegovernmentaredelegatedinsteadtotheprivatesector

productdifferentiation產(chǎn)品差異

thefactthatsimilarproducts(likebreakfastcerealsorsoftdrinks)areperceivedtodifferfromoneanotherandthusareimperfectsubstitutes

productmarket產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)

themarketinwhichgoodsandservicesareboughtandsold

product-mixefficiency產(chǎn)品組合效應(yīng)

theconditioninwhichthemixofgoodsproducedbytheeconomyreflectsthepreferencesofconsumers

productionefficiency生產(chǎn)效率

theconditioninwhichfirmscannotproducemoreofsomegoodswithoutproducinglessofothergoods

productivity(GDPperhour)生產(chǎn)率/平均每人時(shí)的GDP

howmuchanaverageworkerproducesperhour,calculatedbydividingrealGDPbyhoursworkedintheeconomy

proprietorship獨(dú)資企業(yè)

abusinessownedbyasingleperson,usuallyasmallbusiness

protectionism愛護(hù)主義

apolicyofprotectingdomesticindustriesfromforeign-madecompetition

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