高考必備!高考閱讀理解高頻單詞500個及高級英語修辭手法總結(jié)(最?？?5

英語閱讀理解高頻詞匯1.alterv.改變,改動,變更2.burstvi./n.突然發(fā)生,爆裂3.disposevi.除掉；處置；解決；處理(of)4.blastn.爆炸；氣流vi.炸,炸掉5.consumev.消耗,耗盡6.splitv.劈開；割裂；分裂a.裂開的7.spitv.吐（唾液等）；唾棄8.spillv.溢出,濺出,倒出9.slipv.滑動,滑落；忽略10.slidev.滑動,滑落n.滑動；滑面；幻燈片11.bacterian.細(xì)菌12.breedn.種,品種v.繁殖,產(chǎn)仔13.budgetn.預(yù)算v.編預(yù)算,作安排14.candidaten.候選人15.campusn.校園16.liberala.慷慨的；豐富的；自由的17.transformv.轉(zhuǎn)變,變革；變換18.transmitv.傳播,播送；傳遞19.transplantv.移植20.transportvt.運輸,運送n.運輸,運輸工具21.shiftv.轉(zhuǎn)移；轉(zhuǎn)動；轉(zhuǎn)變22.varyv.變化,改變；使多樣化23.vanishvi.消滅,不見24.swallowv.吞下,咽下n.燕子25.suspicionn.懷疑,疑心26.suspiciousa.懷疑的,可疑的27.milda.溫暖的,暖和的；溫柔的,味淡的28.tendera.溫柔的；脆弱的29.nuisancen.損害,妨害,討厭（的人或事物）30.insignificanta.無意義的,無足輕重的；無價值的31.acceleratevt.加速,促進32.absolutea.絕對的,無條件的；完全的33.boundaryn.分界線,邊界34.braken.剎車,制動器v.剎住（車）35.catalogn.目錄（冊）v.編目36.vaguea.模糊的,不明確的37.vainn.徒勞,白費38.extincta.絕滅的,熄滅的39.extraordinarya.不平常的,特別的,非凡的40.extremea.極度的,極端的n.極端,過分41.agentn.代理人,代理商；動因,原因42.alcoholn.含酒精的飲料,酒精43.appealn./vi.呼吁,懇求44.appreciatevt.重視,賞識,欣賞45.approvev.贊成,同意,批準(zhǔn)46.stimulatevt.刺激,激勵47.acquirevt.取得,獲得；學(xué)到48.accomplishvt.完成,到達；實行49.networkn.網(wǎng)狀物；廣播網(wǎng),電視網(wǎng)；網(wǎng)絡(luò)50.tiden.潮汐；潮流51.tidya.整潔的,整齊的52.tracevt.追蹤,找到n.痕跡,蹤跡53.torturen./vt.拷打,折磨54.wandervi.漫游,閑逛55.waxn.蠟56.weavev.織,編57.preservev.保護,保存,保持,維持61.abusev.濫用,虐待；謾罵62.academica.學(xué)術(shù)的；高等院校的；研究院的63.academyn.（高等）?？圃盒＃粚W(xué)會64.batteryn.電池（組）65.barriern.障礙；棚欄66.cargon.（船、飛機等裝載的）貨物67.careern.生涯,職業(yè)68.vesseln.船舶；容器,器皿；血管69.verticala.垂直的70.obligev.迫使,責(zé)成；使感激71.obscurea.陰暗,模糊72.extentn.程度,范圍,大小,限度73.exteriorn.外部,外表a.外部的,外表的74.externala.外部的,外表的,外面的75.petroln.汽油76.petroleumn.石油77.delayvt./n.推遲,延誤,耽擱78.decayvi.腐爛,腐朽79.decenta.像樣的,體面的80.routen.路；路線；航線81.ruinv.毀壞,破壞n.毀滅,[pl.]廢墟82.saken.緣故,理由83.satelliten.衛(wèi)星84.scalen.大小,規(guī)模；等級；刻度85.templen.廟宇86.tediousa.乏味道,單調(diào)的,87.tendvi.易于,趨向88.tendencyn.趨向,趨勢89.ultimatea.極端的,最大的,最終的n.極端90.undergov.經(jīng)歷,遭受91.abundanta.豐富的,充裕的,大量的92.adoptv.收養(yǎng)；采用；采納93.adaptvi.適應(yīng),適合；改編,改寫vt.使適應(yīng)94.bachelorn.學(xué)士,學(xué)士學(xué)位；單身漢95.casuala.偶然的,碰巧的；臨時的；非正式的96.trapn.陷阱,圈套v.設(shè)陷阱捕捉97.vacanta.空的,未占用的98.vacuumn.真空,真空吸塵器99.orala.口頭的,口述的,口的100.opticsn.（單、復(fù)數(shù)同形）光學(xué)101.organn.器官,風(fēng)琴102.excessn.過分,過量,過剩103.expelv.驅(qū)逐,開除,趕出104.expendv.消費105.expendituren.支出,消費；經(jīng)費106.expensen.開銷,費用107.expensivea.花錢多的；價格高貴的108.expandv.擴大,擴張；展開,膨脹109.expansionn.擴大,擴充；發(fā)展,膨脹110.privatea.私人的,個人的111.individuala.個別的,單獨的n.個人,個體112.personala.個人的,私人的；親自的114.personneln.[總稱]人員,員工；人事部門115.thePacificOcean太平洋116.theAtlanticOcean大西洋117.theArcticOcean北冰洋118.theAntarcticOcean南冰洋119.grantvt.授予,同意,準(zhǔn)予119.granda.宏偉大,壯麗的,重大的120.invadev.侵入,侵略,侵襲121.acidn.酸,酸性物質(zhì)a.酸的；尖刻的122.acknowledgev.承認(rèn)；致謝123.balconyn.陽臺124.calculatevt.計算,核算125.calendarn.日歷,月歷126.optimistica.樂觀127.optionala.可以任選的,非強制的128.outstandinga.杰出的,突出的,顯著的129.exportn.出口（物）v.出口,輸出130.importn.進口（物）v.進口,輸入131.imposevt.把...加強(on)；采用,利用132.religionn.宗教,宗教信仰133.religiousa.宗教的134.victimn.犧牲品,受害者135.videon.電視,視頻a.電視的,錄像的136.videotapen.錄像磁帶v.把...錄在錄像帶上137.offendv.冒犯,觸犯138.botherv.打攪,麻煩139.interferev.干涉,干擾,妨礙140.internala.內(nèi)部的,國內(nèi)的141.beforehandad.預(yù)先,事先142.raciala.人種的種族的143.radiationn.放射物,輻射144.radicala.根本的；激進的145.rangen.幅度,范圍v.（在某范圍內(nèi)）變動146.wondern.驚奇,奇跡v.想知道,對...感到疑惑147.isolatevt.使隔離,使孤立148.issuen.問題,爭論點；發(fā)行,（報刊）一期149.hollowa.空的,中空的,空虛道150.hookn.鉤vt.鉤住151.adequatea.適當(dāng)?shù)兀蛔銐?52.adherevi.粘附,附著；遵守,堅持153.banvt.取締,禁止154.capturevt.俘虜,捕獲155.valida.有效的,有根據(jù)的；正當(dāng)?shù)?56.valleyn.山谷,峽谷157.consistenta.堅固定；一致的,始終如一的158.continuousa.繼續(xù)的,連續(xù)（不斷）的159.continuala.不斷地,頻繁的160.explodev.爆炸；爆發(fā)；激增161.exploitv.剝削；利用,開采162.explorev.勘探163.explosionn.爆炸；爆發(fā)；激增164.explosivea.爆炸的；極易引起爭論的165.remotea.遙遠(yuǎn)的,偏僻的166.removaln.除去,消除167.rendervt.使得,致使167.rendervt.呈遞,歸還,著色,匯報,致使,放棄,表演,實施vi.給予補償n.交納,粉刷,打底168.precautionn.預(yù)防,防備,警惕169.idlea.懶散的,無所事事的170.identifyvt.認(rèn)出,鑒定171.identifyn.身份；個性,特性172.povertyn.貧窮173.resistanta.(to)抵抗的,抗...的,耐...的174.resolvevt.解決；決定,決意175.barreln.桶176.bargainn.便宜貨vi.討價還價177.coarsea.粗的,粗糙的,粗劣的178.coachn.教練；長途公共汽車179.coden.準(zhǔn)則,法規(guī),密碼180.coiln.線圈v.卷,盤繞191.encountervt./n.遭遇,遭到192.globen.地球,世界；地球儀193.globala.全球的；總的194.scanvt.細(xì)看；掃描；瀏覽195.scandaln.丑事,丑聞196.significancen.意義；重要性197.subsequenta.隨后的,后來的198.virtuen.美德,優(yōu)點199.virtuala.實際上的,事實上的200.orientvt.使適應(yīng),(to,toward)使朝向n.東方201.portionn.一部分202.targetn.目標(biāo),靶子vt.瞄準(zhǔn)203.portablea.手提式的204.declinev.拒絕,謝絕；下降205.illusionn.錯覺206.likelihoodn.可能,可能性207.stripen.條紋208.emphasizevt.強調(diào),著重209.emotionn.情感,感情210.emotionala.感情的,情緒（上）的211.awfula.極壞的,威嚴(yán)的,可怕的212.awkwarda.笨拙的,棘手的213.cluen.線索,提示214.collisionn.碰撞,沖突215.devicen.裝置,設(shè)備216.devisevt.發(fā)明,策劃,想出217.inevitablea.不可避免的218.navala.海軍的219.navigationn.航行220.necessityn.必需品；必要性221.previousa.先,前,以前的222.provisionn.[pl.]給養(yǎng),口糧；準(zhǔn)備,設(shè)備,裝置223.pursuevt.追逐；追求；從事,進行224.stalea.不新鮮的,陳腐的225.substituten.代用品vt.代替226.deservevt.應(yīng)受,應(yīng)得,值得227.discriminationn.歧視；辨別力228.professionala.職業(yè)的,專門的229.securea.安全的,可靠的230.securityn.安全,保障231.scratchv./n.抓,搔,扒232.talentn.才能,天資；人才233.insurancen.保險,保險費234.insurevt.給...保險,保證,確保235.neverthelessad.仍然,然而,不過236.neutrala.中立的,中性的237.spotn.地點；斑點vt.認(rèn)出,發(fā)現(xiàn)；玷污238.sprayv.噴,（使）濺散239.mediuma.中等的,適中的n.媒介物,新聞媒介240.median.新聞傳媒241.auxiliarya.輔助的,備用的242.automatica.自動的243.competevi.競爭,比賽244.competenta.有能力的,能勝任的245.competitionn.競爭,比賽246.distributevt.分發(fā)247.disturbvt.打攪,妨礙248.inferv.推論,推斷249.integratev.（使）成為一體,（使）合并250.moista.潮濕251.moisturen.潮濕252.promotevt.促進；提升253.regionn.地區(qū)；范圍；幅度254.registerv./n.登記,注冊255.stablea.穩(wěn)定的256.sophisticateda.老于世故的,老練的；很復(fù)雜的257.splendida.極好的,壯麗的,輝煌的258.cancelvt.取消,廢除259.variablea.易變的,可變的260.prospectn.前景,前途；景象261.prosperityn.興旺,繁榮262.aspectn.方面；朝向；面貌263.copevi.(with)（成功地）應(yīng)付,處理264.coren.果心,核心265.maintainvt.維持,保持；堅持,主張266.mainlandn.大陸267.disciplinen.紀(jì)律；懲罰；學(xué)科268.domestica.本國的,國內(nèi)的；家用的；家庭的269.constanta.不變的,恒定的n.常數(shù)270.cliffn.懸崖,峭壁271.authorityn.權(quán)威；當(dāng)局272.audioa.聽覺273.attituden.態(tài)度274.communityn.社區(qū),社會275.commitvt.犯（錯誤,罪行等）,干（壞事等）276.commentn./vt.評論277.distinguishvt.區(qū)分,辨別278.distressn.痛苦,悲傷vt.使痛苦279.facilityn.[pl.]設(shè)備,設(shè)施；便利,方便280.facultyn.能力,技能;系,學(xué)科/院;全體教員281.mixturen.混合,混合物282.moodn.心情,情緒；語氣283.morala.道德上的,有道德的284.prominenta.突出的285.substancen.物質(zhì)；實質(zhì)286.substantiala.可觀的；牢固的；實質(zhì)的287.promptvt.促使a.敏捷的,及時的288.vivida.生動的289.vocabularyn.詞匯（量）；詞匯表290.venturen.風(fēng)險投資,風(fēng)險項目v.冒險；取于291.versionn.版本,譯本；說法292.waistn.腰,腰部293.weldv./n.焊接294.yawnvi.打哈欠295.yieldvi.(to)屈服于；讓出,放棄n.產(chǎn)量296.zonen.地區(qū),區(qū)域297.strategyn.戰(zhàn)略,策略298.strategica.戰(zhàn)略（上）的,關(guān)鍵的299.tensea.緊張的v.拉緊n.時態(tài)300.tensionn.緊張（狀態(tài)）,張力301.avenuen.林蔭道,大街302.availablea.現(xiàn)成可用的；可得到的303.comparablea.(with,to)可比較的,類似的304.comparativea.比較的,相對的305.dashvi.猛沖,飛奔306.datan.數(shù)據(jù),資料307.divevi.跳水,潛水308.diversea.不同的,多種多樣的309.entitlevt.給...權(quán)利,給...資格310.regulatevt.管理,調(diào)節(jié)311.releasevt./n.釋放,排放；解釋解脫312.exaggeratev.夸大,夸張313.evila.邪惡的,壞的314.shrinkvi.起皺,收縮；退縮315.subtractv.減（去）316.suburbn.市郊317.subwayn.地鐵318.surveyn./vt.調(diào)查,勘測319.wealthya.富裕的320.adjustv.調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié)321.attachvt.系,貼；使附屬322.profitn.利潤,益處；v.有益于,有利于323.profitablea.有利可圖的324.slopen.斜坡,斜面325.reinforcevt.增強,加強326.rejectvt.拒絕327.fatala.致命的；重大的328.faten.命運329.humblea.謙遜的；謙虛的330.illegala.不合法的,非法的331.awardvt.授予,判給n.獎品,獎金332.awarea.意識到333.columnn.柱,圓柱；欄,專欄334.comedyn.喜劇335.dumba.啞的；沉默的336.dumpvt.傾卸,傾倒337.deafa.聾的；不愿聽的338.decoratevt.裝飾,裝璜339.principala.最重要的n.負(fù)責(zé)人,校長340.principlen.原則,原理341.priora.優(yōu)先的,在前的342.priorityn.優(yōu)先,重點343.prohibitvt.禁止,不準(zhǔn)344.remarkablea.值得注意的,異常的,非凡的345.remedyn./vt.補救,醫(yī)治,治療346.repetitionn.重復(fù),反復(fù)347.vaina.徒勞的,無效的348.undertakevt.承擔(dān),著手做；同意,答應(yīng)349.uniquea.唯一的,獨特的350.obstaclen.障礙（物）,妨礙351.odda.奇特的,古怪的；奇數(shù)的352.omitvt.省略353.opponentn.敵手,對手354.opportunityn.機會,時機355.orchestran.管弦樂隊356.semestern.學(xué)期；半年357.semiconductorn.半導(dǎo)體358.seminarn.研討會359.terminala.末端的,極限的n.終點360.territoryn.領(lǐng)土361.approximatea.大概的,大約v.近似362.arbitrarya.隨意的,未斷的363.architectn.建筑師364.architecturen.建筑學(xué)365.biologyn.生物學(xué)366.geographyn.地理（學(xué)）367.geologyn.地質(zhì)學(xué)368.geometryn.幾何（學(xué)）369.arithmeticn.算術(shù)370.algebran.代數(shù)371.entertainmentn.娛樂；招待,款待372.enthusiasmn.熱情,熱心373.entryn.進入,入口處；參賽的人（或物）374.environmentn.環(huán)境375.episoden.插曲,片段376.equationn.方程（式）377.restrainvt.阻止,抑制378.restraintn.抑制,限制379.resumev.（中斷后）重新開始380.severea.嚴(yán)重的381.sexuala.性的382.simplicityn.簡單；樸素383.simplifyvt.簡化384.sorrown.悲哀,悲痛385.stuffn.原料,材料vt.填進,塞滿386.temporarya.暫時的,臨時的387.temptationn.誘惑,引誘388.terrorn.恐怖389.thrustv.擠,推,插390.treatyn.條約,協(xié)定391.arisevi.產(chǎn)生,出現(xiàn),發(fā)生；起身392.arousevt.引起,激起；喚醒393.burdenn.重?fù)?dān),負(fù)荷394.bureaun.局,辦事處395.marvelousa.奇跡般的,驚人的396.massivea.大的,大量的,大塊的397.maturea.成熟的398.maximuma.最高的,最大的399.minimuma.最低的,最小的400.nonsensen.胡說,冒失的行動401.nucleara.核子的,核能的402.nucleusn.核403.retailn./v./ad.零售404.retainvt.保留,保持405.restrictvt.限制,約束406.sponsorn.發(fā)起者,主辦者vt.發(fā)起,主辦,資助407.spurn./vt.刺激,激勵408.triumphn.勝利,成功409.tuitionn.學(xué)費410.twistvt.使纏繞；轉(zhuǎn)動；扭歪411.undergraduaten.大學(xué)肄業(yè)生412.universala.普遍的,通用的；宇宙的413.universen.宇宙414.viaprep.經(jīng)由,經(jīng)過,通過415.vibratev.振動,搖擺416.virusn.病毒417.voluntarya.自愿的418.volunteern.志愿者v.自愿（做）419.votev.選舉n.選票420.wagonn.四輪馬車,鐵路貨車421.appointvt.任命,委派422.approachv.靠近,接近n.途徑,方式423.appropriatea.適當(dāng)?shù)?24.bunchn.群,伙；束,串425.bundlen.捆,包,束vt.收集,歸攏426.ceremonyn.典禮,儀式427.chaosn.混亂,紊亂428.discountn.（價格）折扣429.displayn./vt.陳列,展覽430.equivalenta.相等的a.相等物431.erecta.豎直的v.建造,豎立432.faxn./vt.傳真433.fertilea.肥沃的；多產(chǎn)的434.fertilizern.肥料435.gratefula.感激的436.gratituden.感激437.horrorn.恐怖438.horriblea.可怕的439.Internetn.國際互聯(lián)網(wǎng),因特網(wǎng)440.interpretv.翻譯,解釋441.interpretationn.解釋,說明442.junglen.叢林,密林443.knotn.結(jié)vt.把...打成結(jié)444.leakv.漏,滲出445.leanvi.傾斜,倚,靠446.leapvi.跳躍447.modifyvt.修改448.nylonn.尼龍449.onionn.洋蔥450.powdern.粉末451.applicablea.可應(yīng)用的,適當(dāng)?shù)?52.applicantn.申請人453.breadthn.寬度454.conservationn.保存,保護455.conservativea.保守的456.paralleln.平行線；可相比擬的事物457.passionn.,熱情458.passivea.被動的,消極的459.patv./n.輕拍,輕打460.peakn.山峰,頂點461.phenomenonn.現(xiàn)象462.reluctanta.不情愿的,勉強的463.relyvi.(on,upon)依賴,指望464.relevanta.有關(guān)的,切題的465.reliablea.可靠的466.reliefn.輕松,寬慰；減輕467.reputationn.名氣,聲譽468.rescuevt./n.營救469.trianglen.三角（形）470.sequencen.連續(xù)；順序471.shallowa.淺的472.shivervi/n.發(fā)抖473.shrugv./n.聳肩474.signaturen.簽名475.sincerea.誠摯的,真誠的476.utilityn.功用,效用477.utilizevt.利用478.uttervt.說出a.完全的,徹底的479.variationn.變化,變動480.vehiclen.交通工具,車輛481.applausen.鼓掌,掌聲482.appliancen.器具,器械483.consentn.準(zhǔn)許,同意vi(to)準(zhǔn)許,同意484.conquervt.征服485.defectn.缺點,缺陷486.delicatea.易碎的；嬌弱的；精美的487.evolvev.演變488.evolutionn.演變,進化489.frownv./n.皺眉490.frustratevt.使沮喪491.guaranteevt./n.保證492.guiltya.內(nèi)疚的；有罪的493.jealousa.妒忌的494.jeansn.牛仔褲495.liquorn.酒,烈性酒496.liter/litren.升497.modesta.謙虛道498.moleculen.分子499.orbitn.軌道v.（繞...）作軌道運行500.participatev.(in)參與,參加501.particlen.微粒502.particularlyad.特別,尤其503.respondvi.回答,答復(fù)；反應(yīng)504.responsen.回答,答復(fù)；反應(yīng)505.sensiblea.明智的506.sensitivea.敏感到,靈敏的507.tremblevi.顫抖508.tremendousa.巨大的；精彩的509.trendn.趨向,傾向510.trialn.審訊；試驗511.apparenta.顯然的,明白的512.appetiten.胃口；欲望513.depositn.存款,定金v.存放,儲蓄514.deputyn.副職,代表515.derivevt.取得,得到；(from)起源于516.descendv.下來,下降517.missilen.導(dǎo)彈518.missionn.使命；代表團519.mistn.薄霧520.noticeablea.顯而易見到521.notifyvt.通知,告知522.notionn.概念；意圖,想法523.resemblevt.像,類似于524.revealvt.揭露525.revenuen.收入,歲入；稅收526.sheltern.掩蔽處；住所527.shieldn.防護物,盾vt.保護,防護528.vitala.重要的；致命的,生命的529.vitallyad.極度,非常；致命地530.urbana.城市的531.urgevt.鼓勵,激勵532.urgenta.急迫的,緊急得533.usagen.使用,用法536.violeta.紫色的537.weedn.雜草,野草538.welfaren.福利539.whatsoeverad.（用于否定句）任何540.whereasconj.然而,但是,盡管541.essentiala.必不可少的；本質(zhì)的542.estimaten./vt.估計,估量543.evaluatevt.評估,評價544.exceedvt.超過,越出545.exceedinglyad.非常,極其546.exclaimv.呼喊,大聲說547.excludevt.把...排斥在外,不包括548.exclusivea.讀有的,排他的549.excursionn.遠(yuǎn)足550.flashvi.閃光,閃耀551.fleevi.逃走552.flexiblea.易彎曲的553.flockn.羊群,（鳥獸等）一群；一伙人554.hardwaren.五金器具555.harmonyn.,融洽556.hasten.急速,急忙557.hatredn.憎惡,憎恨558.incidentn.事件,事變559.indexn.索引,標(biāo)志560.infantn.嬰兒561.infectv.傳染562.inferiora.劣等的,次的,下級的563.infinitea.無限的564.ingredientn.組成部分565.inhabitantn.居民566.jailn.監(jiān)獄567.jamn.果醬；擁擠,堵塞568.jeweln.寶石569.jointa.連接的；共同的570.juniora.年少的；資歷較淺的571.lasern.激光572.launchvt.發(fā)動,發(fā)起573.luxuryn.奢侈；奢侈品574.magnetn.磁鐵,磁體577.manuala.用手的,手工做的n.手冊578.manufacturevt./n.制造,加工579.marinea.海的；海產(chǎn)的580.mutuala.相互的581.nakeda.裸露的582.negativea.否定的,消極的583.neglectvt.忽視,忽略584.originn.起源,出身585.ovala.橢圓形的n.橢圓形586.outsetn.開始,開端587.presumablyad.大概,可能588.prevailvi.流行,盛行589.quitv.停止590.quotationn.引文,引語591.recreationn.娛樂活動592.recruitvt.招募,吸收（新成員）593.rivaln.競爭對手,敵手594.shuttlen.梭子；航天飛機595.skimvt.搬（去）,掠過；瀏覽596.sketchn.草圖；梗概597.slendera.苗條的,修長的598.themen.主題599.textilen.紡織品600.tropicala.熱帶的,炎熱的601.kneelvi.跪602.labeln.標(biāo)簽604.merea.僅僅的,只不過的；純粹的605.nuisancen.令人討厭的東西（或人）606.numerousa.眾多的,許多的607.paraden.v.列隊行進608.pants[pl.]n.長褲；內(nèi)褲609.partiala.部分的610.passportn.護照611.prescribevt.開藥,吩咐采用...療法612.primitivea.原始的,早期的613.ridgen.脊,山脊,埂614.ridiculousa.可笑的,荒漠的615.rigida.嚴(yán)格的；僵硬的616.withstandvt.經(jīng)受,承受617.witnessn.目擊者；證據(jù)vt.注意到；證明618.withdrawv.收回,撤銷619.slipperya.滑的620.smashvt.粉碎,打爛621.snapn./vt.折斷,拉斷；快照622.softwaren.軟件623.solara.太陽的624.lunara.月的,月球的625.submergevi.潛入水中626.submitvi.(to)屈服,聽從627.timbern.木材,原木628.tissuen.組織；薄紗,手巾紙629.titlen.題目,標(biāo)題630.tonen.語氣,音調(diào)631.driftvi.漂,漂流632.dripn.滴633.durablea.耐用的,持久的634.durationn.持續(xù),持續(xù)期間635.duskn.黃昏,薄暮636.leathern.皮革637.legislationn.法律,法規(guī)；立法638.leisuren.閑暇；悠閑639.loosea.松的,寬松的640.loosenv.解開,放松641.earnesta.認(rèn)真的,誠摯的642.earthquaken.地震643.echon.回音,回聲644.elaboratea.精心設(shè)計的,復(fù)雜的645.elasticn.橡皮圈（帶）a.有彈性的646.elbown.肘647.electronn.電子648.volcanon.火山649.volumen.卷,冊；體積,容量650.fatiguen.疲勞,勞累651.faultya.有錯誤的,有缺點的652.favorablea.稱贊道；有利的,順利的653.favoritea.最愛的n.喜愛的人或物654.galleryn.畫廊655.gallonn.加侖656.gapn.間隔,差距657.garbagen.垃圾,廢物658.gazev.凝視,注視659.gearn.齒輪,傳動裝置660.genen.基因661.lestconj.唯恐,免得662.liablea.可能的,大概的；(to)易于...的663.liberala.自由得664.libertyn.自由665.license/licensen.許可證,執(zhí)照666.moisturen.潮濕667.motivatevt.激勵,激發(fā)668.motiven.動機,目的669.generatevt.生成,產(chǎn)生（光、熱、電等）670.geniusn.天才,天賦671.genuinea.真的,真誠的672.gasolinen.汽油673.germn.微生物,細(xì)菌674.gesturen.姿勢,手勢675.gianta.巨大的n.巨人,巨物676.glimpsen.一瞥,一看677.gloryn.光榮,榮譽678.gloriousn.光榮的,極好的679.golfn.高爾夫球運動680.hydrogenn.氫681.oxygenn.氧682.hostilea.敵對的,敵意大683.householdn.家庭,戶684.hookn.鉤685.holya.神圣地,圣潔的686.hintn.暗示,示意687.hesitatev.猶豫688.highlightvt.強調(diào),突出689.hencead.因此,所以；今后,從此690.herdn.獸群,牧群英語修辭手法

1.Simile明喻明喻是將具有共性的不同事物作對比.這種共性存在于人們的心里,而不是事物的自然屬性.標(biāo)志詞常用like,as,seem,asif,asthough,similarto,suchas等.例如:1>.Hewaslikeacockwhothoughtthesunhadrisentohearhimcrow.2>.Iwanderedlonelyasacloud.3>.Einsteinonlyhadablanketon,asifhehadjustwalkedoutofafairytale.2.Metaphor隱喻,暗喻隱喻是簡縮了的明喻,是將某一事物的名稱用于另一事物,通過比較形成.例如：1>.Hopeisagoodbreakfast,butitisabadsupper.2>.Somebooksaretobetasted,othersswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.3.Metonymy借喻,轉(zhuǎn)喻借喻不直接說出所要說的事物,而使用另一個與之相關(guān)的事物名稱.I.以容器代替內(nèi)容,例如:1>.Thekettleboils.水開了.2>.Theroomsatsilent.全屋人安靜地坐著.II.以資料.工具代替事物的名稱,例如:Lendmeyourears,please.請聽我說.III.以作者代替作品,例如:acompleteShakespeare莎士比亞全集VI.以具體事物代替抽象概念,例如:Ihadthemuscle,andtheymademoneyoutofit.我有力氣,他們就用我的力氣賺錢.4.Synecdoche提喻提喻用部分代替全體,或用全體代替部分,或特殊代替一般.例如:1>.Thereareabout100handsworkinginhisfactory.(部分代整體)他的廠里約有100名工人.2>.HeistheNewtonofthiscentury.(特殊代一般)他是本世紀(jì)的牛頓.3>.Thefoxgoesverywellwithyourcap.（整體代部分）這狐皮圍脖與你的帽子很相配.

5.Synaesthesia通感,聯(lián)覺,移覺這種修辭法是以視.聽.觸.嗅.味等感覺直接描寫事物.通感就是把不同感官的感覺溝通起來，借聯(lián)想引起感覺轉(zhuǎn)移，“以感覺寫感覺”。通感技巧的運用，能突破語言的局限，豐富表情達意的審美情趣，起到增強文采的藝術(shù)效果。比如：欣賞建筑的重復(fù)與變化的樣式會聯(lián)想到音樂的重復(fù)與變化的節(jié)奏；聞到酸的東西會聯(lián)想到尖銳的物體；聽到飄渺輕柔的音樂會聯(lián)想到薄薄的半透明的紗子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“微風(fēng)過處送來縷縷清香,仿佛遠(yuǎn)處高樓上渺茫的歌聲似的”。例如:1>.Thebirdssatuponatreeandpouredforththeirlilylikevoice.（用視覺形容聽覺，鳥落在樹上，由它發(fā)出的聲音聯(lián)想到百合花）鳥兒落在樹上,傾瀉出百合花似的聲音.2>.TastethemusicofMozart.（用嗅覺形容聽覺）品嘗Mozart的音樂.6.Personification擬人擬人是把生命賦予無生命的事物.例如:1>.Thenightgentlylaysherhandatourfeveredheads.（把夜擬人化）2>.Iwasveryhappyandcouldhearthebirdssinginginthewoods.（把鳥擬人化）7.Hyperbole夸張夸張是以言過其實的說法表達強調(diào)的目的.它可以加強語勢,增加表達效果..例如:1>.Ibegathousandpardons.2>.Loveyou.Youarethewholeworldtome,andthemoonandthestars.3>.Whensheheardthebadnews,ariveroftearspouredout.8.Parallelism排比,平行這種修辭法是把兩個或兩個以上的結(jié)構(gòu)大體相同或相似,意思相關(guān),語氣一致的短語.句子排列成串,形成一個整體.例如:1>.Noonecanbeperfectlyfreetillallarefree;noonecanbeperfectlymoraltillallaremoral;noonecanbeperfectlyhappytillallarehappy.2>.Inthedayswhenallthesethingsaretobeansweredfor,Isummonyouandyours,tothelastofyourbadrace,toanswerforthem.Inthedayswhenallthesethingsaretobeansweredfor,Isummonyourbrother,theworstofyourbadrace,toanswerforthemseparately.9.Euphemism委婉,婉辭法婉辭法指用委婉,文雅的方法表達粗惡,避諱的話.例如:1>.Heisoutvisitingthenecessary.??他出去方便一下.2>.Hisrelationwithhiswifehasnotbeenfortunate.他與妻子關(guān)系不融洽.3>.DengXiaopingpassedawayin1997.（去世）10.Allegory諷喻,比方（原意“寓言”）建立在假借過去或別處的事例與對象之上，傳達暗示，影射或者譏諷現(xiàn)世各種現(xiàn)象的含義。英文解釋：anexpressivestylethatusesfictionalcharactersandeventstodescribesomesubjectbysuggestiveresemblances;anextendedmetaphor摘自英語專業(yè)《大學(xué)英語教程》一書這是一種源于希臘文的修辭法,意為"換個方式的說法".它是一種形象的描述,具有雙重性,表層含義與真正意味的是兩回事.例如:1>.Makethehaywhilethesunshines.表層含義：趁著出太陽的時候曬草真正意味：趁熱打鐵2>.It'stimetoturnploughintosword.表層含義：是時候把犁變成劍11.Irony反語反語指用相反意義的詞來表達意思的作文方式.如在指責(zé)過失.錯誤時,用贊同過失的說法,而在表揚時,則近乎責(zé)難的說法.例如:1>.Itwouldbeafinethingindeednotknowingwhattimeitwasinthemorning.早上沒有時間觀念還真是一件好事?。ㄕ鎸嵑x是應(yīng)該明確早上的時間觀念）2>"Ofcourse,youonlycarrylargenotes,nosmallchangeonyou."thewaitersaidtothebeggar.12.Pun雙關(guān)雙關(guān)就是用一個詞在句子中的雙重含義,借題發(fā)揮.作出多種解釋,旁敲側(cè)擊,從而達到意想不到的幽默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的詞形.詞意和諧音的方式出現(xiàn).例如:1>.Sheistoolowforahighpraise,toobrownforafairpraiseandtoolittleforagreatpraise.2>.Anambassadorisanhonestmanwholiesabroadforthegoodofhiscountry.3>.Ifwedon'thangtogether,weshallhangseparately.13.Parody仿擬這是一種模仿名言.警句.諺語,改動其中部分詞語,從而使其產(chǎn)生新意的修辭.例如:1>.Romewasnotbuiltinaday,norinayear.2>.Afriendinneedisafriendtobeavoided.3>.Ifyougiveagirlaninchnowadaysshewillmakeaddressofit.14.Rhetoricalquestion修辭疑問（反問）它與疑問句的不同在于它并不以得到答復(fù)為目的,而是以疑問為手段,取得修辭上的效果,其特點是:肯定問句表示強烈否定,而否定問句表示強烈的肯定.它的答案往往是不言而喻的.例如:1>.Howwasitpossibletowalkforanhourthroughthewoodsandseenothingworthofnote?2>.Shallweallowthoseuntruthstogounanswered?15.Antithesis對照,對比,對偶這種修辭指將意義完全相反的語句排在一起對比的一種修辭方法.例如:1>.NotthatIlovedCaeserlessbutthatIlovedRomemore.2>.Youarestaying;Iamgoing.3>.Givemeliberty,orgivemedeath.16.Paradox雋語這是一種貌似矛盾,但包含一定哲理的意味深長的說法,是一種矛盾修辭法..例如:1>.Morehaste,lessspeed.欲速則不達2>.Thechildisthefathertotheman.（童年時代可決定人之未來）三歲看大，四歲看老。17.Oxymoron反意法,逆喻這也是一種矛盾修辭法,用兩種不相調(diào)和的特征形容一個事物,以不協(xié)調(diào)的搭配使讀者領(lǐng)悟句中微妙的含義.例如:1>.Nolight,butratherdarknessvisible.沒有光亮，黑暗卻清晰可見2>.Thestateofthishouseischeerlesswelcome.18.Climax漸進法,層進法這種修辭是將一系列詞語按照意念的大小.輕重.深淺.高低等逐層漸進,最后達到頂點.可以增強語勢,逐漸加深讀者印象.例如:1>.Iamsorry,Iamsosorry,Iamsoextremelysorry.2>.Eyehadnotseennorearheard,andnothinghadtouchedhisheartofstone.19.Anticlimax漸降法與climax相反的一種修辭法,將一系列詞語由大到小,由強到弱地排列.例如:1>.Onhisbreasthewearshisdecorations,athissideasword,onhisfeetapairofboots.2>.Thedutiesofasoldieraretoprotecthiscountryandpeelpotatoes20.Rhetoricalrepetition疊言這種修辭法是指在特定的語境中，將相同的結(jié)構(gòu)，相同意義詞組成句子重疊使用，以增強語氣和力量。1、Itmustbecreatedbythebloodandtheworkofallofuswhobelieveinthefuture,whobelieveinmanandhisgloriousman—madedestiny.它必須用我們這些對于未來，對于人類以及人類自己創(chuàng)造的偉大命運具有信心的人的鮮血和汗水去創(chuàng)造。2、...Becausegoodtechniqueinmedicineandsurgerymeansmorequickly—curedpatients,lesspain,lessdiscomfort,lessdeath,lessdiseaseandlessdeformity.因為優(yōu)良的醫(yī)療技術(shù)和外科手術(shù)意味著更快地治療病人，更少痛苦，更少不安，更少死亡，更少疾病，和更少殘廢。21.Onomatcpocia擬聲是摹仿自然界中非語言的聲音，其發(fā)音和所描寫的事物的聲音很相似，使語言顯得生動，富有表現(xiàn)力。1、Ontherootoftheschoolhousesomepigeonsweresoftlycooing.在學(xué)校房屋的屋頂上一些鴿子正輕輕地咕咕叫著。2、Shebroughtmeintotouchwitheverythingthatcouldbereachedorfelt——sunlight,therustlingofsilk,thenoisesofinsects,thecreakingofadoor,thevoiceofalovedone.她使我接觸到所有夠得著的或者感覺得到的東西，如陽光呀，絲綢擺動時的沙沙聲呀，昆蟲的叫聲呀，開門的吱嗄聲呀，親人的說話聲呀。

22.Alliteration.頭韻法在文句中有兩個以上連結(jié)在一起的詞或詞組，其開頭的音節(jié)有同樣的字母或聲音，以增強語言的節(jié)奏感。HowandwhyhehadcometoPrinceton,NewJerseyisastoryofstruggle,success,andsadness.

23

Syllepsis:

一語雙敘

It

has

two

connotations.

In

the

first

case,

it

is

a

figure

by

which

a

word,

or

a

particular

form

or

inflection

of

a

word,

refers

to

two

or

more

words

in

the

same

sentence,

while

properly

applying

to

or

agreeing

with

only

on

of

them

in

grammar

or

syntax(句法).

For

example,

He

addressed

you

and

me,

and

desired

us

to

follow

him.

(Here

us

is

used

to

refer

to

you

and

me.)

In

the

second

case,

it

a

word

may

refer

to

two

or

more

words

in

the

same

sentence.

For

example,

while

he

was

fighting

,

and

losing

limb

and

mind,

and

dying,

others

stayed

behind

to

pursue

education

and

career.

(Here

to

losing

one's

limbs

in

literal;

to

lose

one's

mind

is

figurative,

and

means

to

go

mad.)24.

Zeugma:

軛式搭配

It

is

a

single

word

which

is

made

to

modify

or

to

govern

two

or

more

words

in

the

same

sentence,

wither

properly

applying

in

sense

to

only

one

of

them,

or

applying

to

them

in

different

senses.

For

example,

The

sun

shall

not

burn

you

by

day,

nor

the

moon

by

night.

(Here

noon

is

not

strong

enough

to

burn)25.

Innuendo:

暗諷

It

is

a

mild

form

of

irony,

hinting

in

a

rather

roundabout

way

at

something

disparagingor

uncomplimentary

to

the

person

or

subject

mentioned.

For

example,

the

weatherman

said

it

would

be

worm.

He

must

take

his

readings

in

a

bathroom.

26.

Sarcasm:

諷刺

It

Sarcasm

is

a

strong

form

of

irony.

It

attacks

in

a

taunting

and

bitter

manner,

and

its

aim

is

to

disparage,

ridicule

and

wound

the

feelings

of

the

subject

attacked.

For

example,

laws

are

like

cobwebs,

which

may

catch

small

flies,

but

let

wasps

break

through.27.

Apostrophe頓呼

In

this

figure

of

speech,

a

thing,

place,

idea

or

person

(dead

or

absent)

is

addressed

as

if

present,

listening

and

understanding

what

is

being

said.

For

instance,

England!

awake!

awake!

awake!

28.Transferred

Epithet轉(zhuǎn)類形容詞

It

is

a

figure

of

speech

where

an

epithet

(an

adjective

or

descriptive

phrase)

is

transferred

from

the

noun

it

should

rightly

modify

to

another

to

which

it

does

not

really

apply

or

belong.

E.g.I

spent

sleepless

nights

on

my

project1.Simile:afigureofspeechinwhichonethingislikenedtoanother,insuchawayastoclarifyandenhanceanimage.Itisexplicitcomparisonrecognizedbytheuseofwordslike,as,seem,asif,asthough,suchas.e.g.Witwithoutlearningislikeatreewithoutfruit.…andthefattestwomanIhaveeverseeninmylifedozinginastraight-backedchair.Itwasasifasackofgrainwassupportedbyamatchbox.Thepentoawriteriswhataguntoafighter.Wehavenomorerighttoconsumehappinesswithoutproducingitthantoconsumewealthwithoutproducingit.Wordsandfeatheraretossedbythewind.Whenhemoves,hislittleagilitysuggestedatamepantherwithouttheclaws.2.Metaphor:afigureofspeechcontaininganimpliedcomparison,inwhichawordorphraseordinarilyandprimarilyusedofonethingisappliedtoanother.e.g.Thesunshineofhappinessismadeupofverylittlebeams.(compare:Happinessislikesunshine:itismadeupofverylittlebeams.)Moneyisbottomlesssea,inwhichhonor,conscience,andtruthmaybedrowninit.Bewareoflittleexpenses.Asmallleakwillsinkagreatship.Ifalluponthethornsoflife!Ibleed.Hishostilitymelted.Bythistimethevolcanicfiresofhisnaturehadburntdown.3.parallelism:comesfromGreek,itmeanstobealongsideoneanother.Itputthewords,phrases,clausesandsentencessimilarorcloseinmeaning,orstructurealongsideoneanother.e.g.withthisfaithwewillbeabletoworktogether,topraytogether,tostruggletogether,togotojailtogether…Itwasnotanger,norsurprise,nordisapproval,norhorror,noranyoftheemotionsthatshehadbeenpreparedfor.4. Antithesis:therhetoricalopposingorcontrastingofideasbymeansofgrammaticallyparalleledarrangementofwords,clausesorsentences.e.g.whenpovertycomesinatthedoor,lovefliesoutatthewindow.Menmakehouses,womenmakehome.Wefoundourselvesrichingoods,butraggedinspirit.Asforme:givemelibertyorgivemedeath.5.allusion(典故，隱喻，):usuallyanimplicitreference,perhapstoanotherworkofliteratureorart,toapersonoranevent.e.g.Yourwantyourpoundofflesh?Ineverbelieveuntilthenthatanymealcoulddefeatme,butonthatdayImetmywaterloo.6.Anaphora:therhetoricaldeviceof