【橡膠工藝】-橡膠英語詞匯

橡膠英語詞匯橡膠英語詞匯加工類：－－－－－－－－－－－－－加工processingreactiveprocessing等離子體加工plasmaprocessingprocessability熔體流動指數(shù)melt[flow]index門尼粘度Mooneyindex塑化plasticizing增塑作用plasticizationinternalplasticizationexternalplasticizationplastisol增強reinforcing增容作用compatibilization相容性compatibility相溶性intermiscibility生物相容性biocompatibility血液相容性bloodcompatibility組織相容性tissuecompatibilitymilling,mixing素煉masticationplasticationdeadmilled橡膠配合rubbercompounding共混blend捏和kneading冷軋coldrolling壓延性calenderabilitycalenderingembeddingpreformingmolding模壓成型compressionmolding壓縮成型compressionforming沖壓模塑impactmoulding,shockmoulding疊模壓塑stackmoulding復合成型compositemolding注射成型injectionmolding注塑壓縮成型injectioncompressionmolding射流注塑jetmolding無流道冷料注塑runnerlessinjectionmolding共注塑coinjectionmolding氣輔注塑gasaidedinjectionmolding注塑焊接injectionwelding傳遞成型transfermolding樹脂傳遞成型resintransfermolding鑄塑cast熔鑄fusioncasting鑄塑成型castmolding單體澆鑄monomercasting擠出extrusion共擠出coextrusion多層擠塑multi-layerextrusion共擠吹塑coextrusionblowmolding同軸擠塑coaxialextrusion吹脹擠塑blownextrusion擠出吹塑extrusionblowmolding擠拉吹塑成型extrusiondrawblowmoldingreactiveextrusionsolid-phaseextrusionexpandingfoampostexpansionphysicalfoamchemicalfoamblowmolding多層吹塑multi-layerblowmoldingstretchblowmoldingrotationalmoulding反應注射成型reactioninjectionmolding,RIM真空成型vacuumforming無壓成型zeroressuremolding真空燒結vacuumsintering真空袋成型vacuumbagmolding熱成型thermalforming拉伸熱成型stretchthermoformingbagmoldingpastemoldingimbedding沖壓成型impactmolding觸壓成型impressionmolding層壓材料laminate泡沫塑料成型foammolding包模成型drapemolding充氣吹脹inflation橡膠膠乳rubberlatex膠乳latex高分子膠體polymercolloid生橡膠rawrubber，cruderubber硬質膠ebonite再生膠reclaimedrubber充油橡膠oil-extendedrubber母膠masterbatchcrosslinkingcurephoto-curevulcanization后硫化postcure，postvulcanization自硫[化]bincure自交聯(lián)selfcrosslinking,selfcuringovercurereversionundercure動態(tài)硫化dynamicvulcanization不均勻硫化heterogeneousvulcanization開始[硫化]效應set-upeffect自動硫化self-curing,self-vulcanizing焦燒scorching無壓硫化non-pressurecure模壓硫化mouldingcuring常溫硫化auto-vulcanization熱硫化heatcuring蒸汽硫化steamcuring微波硫化microwavecuring輻射硫化radiationvulcanization輻射交聯(lián)radiationcrosslinking連續(xù)硫化continuousvulcanization無模硫化openvulcanization成纖fiberforming可紡性spinnability紡絲spinning干紡dryspinning濕紡wetspinning干濕法紡絲drywetspinning干噴濕法紡絲dryjetwetspinning溶液紡絲solutionspinning乳液紡絲emulsionspinning乳液閃蒸紡絲法emulsionflashspinningprocess噴射紡絲jetspinning噴紡成形sprayspinning液晶紡絲liquidcrystalspinning熔紡meltspinning共混紡絲blendedspinning凝膠紡[絲]gelspinning反應紡絲reactionspinningelectrostaticspinning高壓紡絲high-pressurespinningconjugatespinningnon-wovenfabricsmonofilament,monofilmultifilament全取向絲fullyorientedyarn中空纖維hollowfiber皮芯纖維sheathcorefiber共紡cospinning冷拉伸colddrawing,coldstretching單軸拉伸uniaxialdrawing，uniaxialelongation雙軸拉伸biaxialdrawing多軸拉伸multiaxialdrawingskinandcoreeffectskineffectnon-shrinkripeningsag定型sizing起球現(xiàn)象pillingeffect捻度twist旦denier特tex紗yarn股strand粘合adhesion反應粘合reactionbonding壓敏粘合pressuresensitiveadhesion底漆primer浸漬impregnation浸漬樹脂solventimpregnatedresin基體matrix聚合物表面活性劑polymericsurfactant高分子絮凝劑polymericflocculantpre-expandedbeadpolymericmembraneH-H-filmLB膜LangmuirBlodgettfilm(LBfilm)半透膜semipermeablemembrane反滲透膜Reverseosmosismembrance多孔膜porousmembrane各向異性膜anisotropicmembranecationexchangemembraneanionicexchangemembranepolymericadsorbent添加劑additive固化劑curingagent潛固化劑latentcuringagent硫化劑vulcanizingagentsulfurdonoragent,sulfurdonorvulcanizationacceleratorvulcanizationactivator活化促進劑activatingaccelerator活化劑activator防焦劑scorchretarder抗硫化返原劑anti-reversionagent塑解劑peptizer偶聯(lián)劑couplingagent硅烷偶聯(lián)劑silanecouplingagenttitanatecouplingagentaluminatecouplingagentreinforcingagent增硬劑hardeningagent惰性填料inertfiller增塑劑plasticizer輔增塑劑coplasticizer增粘劑tackifier增容劑compatibilizer增塑增容劑plasticizerextender分散劑dispersantagent結構控制劑constitutioncontroller色料colorant熒光增白劑opticalbleachingagentantidegradantanti-agingagentantiozonantanticrackingagentanti-fatigueagentbiocide防蝕劑anti-corrosionagent光致抗蝕劑photoresist防霉劑antiseptic防腐劑rotresistor防潮劑moistureproofagent除臭劑re-odorant抗氧劑antioxidant熱穩(wěn)定劑heatstabilizer抗靜電添加劑antistaticadditive抗靜電劑antistaticagent紫外線穩(wěn)定劑ultravioletstabilizer紫外光吸收劑ultravioletabsorber光穩(wěn)定劑lightstabilizer,photostabilizer光屏蔽劑lightscreener發(fā)泡劑foamingagentphysicalfoamingagent化學發(fā)泡劑chemicalfoamingagentreleasingagentinternalreleasingagentexternalreleasingagentflameretardant防火劑fireretardant燒蝕劑ablator潤滑劑lubricant濕潤劑wettingagent隔離劑separant增韌劑tougheningagentimpactmodifierantifoamingagentdragreducer破乳劑demulsifier粘度改進劑viscositymodifier增稠劑thickeningagent,thickener阻黏劑abhesive洗脫劑eluantagglomeratingagentafter-treatingagentdrier防結皮劑anti-skinningagent紡織品整理劑textilefinishingagent－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－高物高化類：結構單元constitutionalunit重復結構單元constitutionalrepeatingunit構型單元configurationalunit立構重復單元stereorepeatingunit立構規(guī)整度tacticity等規(guī)度,全同立構[規(guī)整]度isotacticity間同度，間同立構[規(guī)整]度syndiotacticity無規(guī)度，無規(guī)立構度atacticity嵌段block規(guī)整嵌段regularblock非規(guī)整嵌段irregularblock立構嵌段stereoblockisotacticblockatacticblockmonomericunitdiadtriadtetradpentad無規(guī)線團randomcoilfreely-jointedchain自由旋轉鏈freely-rotatingchainworm-likechainflexiblechainchainflexibilityrigidchain棒狀鏈rodlikechain鏈剛性chainrigidity聚集aggregation聚集體aggregate凝聚、聚集coalescence鏈纏結chainentanglementcohesionalentanglementphysicalentanglementtopologicalentanglementcondensedphase凝聚態(tài)condensedstate凝聚過程condensingprocess臨界聚集濃度criticalaggregationconcentration線團-球粒轉換coil-globuletransition受限鏈confinedchain受限態(tài)confinedstate物理交聯(lián)physicalcrosslinking統(tǒng)計線團statisticalcoilequivalentchain統(tǒng)計鏈段statisticalsegment鏈段chainsegment鏈構象chainconformation無規(guī)線團模型randomcoilmodel無規(guī)行走模型randomwalkmodel自避隨機行走模型selfavoidingwalkmodel卷曲構象coiledconformation高斯鏈Gaussianchain無擾尺寸unperturbeddimension擾動尺寸perturbeddimension熱力學等效球thermodynamicallyequivalentsphereshort-rangeintramolecularinteractionlong-rangeintramolecularinteractioninterchaininteractioninterchainspacinglongrangeordershortrangeorder回轉半徑radiusofgyration末端間矢量end-to-endvector鏈末端chainend末端距end-to-enddistance無擾末端距unperturbedend-to-enddistance均方根末端距root-mean-squareend-to-enddistance伸直長度contourlengthpersistencelength主鏈；鏈骨架chainbackbonebranchchainchainbranching短支鏈short-chainbranchlong-chainbranchbranchingindexbranchingdensitydegreeofbranchingdegreeofcrosslinkingnetwork網(wǎng)絡密度networkdensity溶脹swelling平衡溶脹equilibriumswelling分子組裝，分子組合molecularassembly自組裝selfassemblymicrogelgelpoint可逆[性]凝膠reversiblegel溶膠-凝膠轉化sol-geltransformation臨界膠束濃度criticalmicelleconcentration，CMCconstitutionalheterogenity,compositionalheterogenity摩爾質量平均molarmassaverage數(shù)均分子量number-averagemolecularweight,number-averagemolarmassweight-averagemolecularweight,weight-averagemolarmassZZ(Zaverage)-averagemolecularweight,Z-molarmass黏均分子量viscosity-averagemolecularweight，viscosity-averagemolarmass表觀摩爾質量apparentmolarmass表觀分子量apparentmolecularweight聚合度degreeofpolymerizationkineticchainlengthmonodispersity臨界分子量criticalmolecularweight分子量分布molecularweightdistribution，MWD多分散性指數(shù)polydispersityindex，PID平均聚合度averagedegreeofpolymerizationmassdistributionfunctionnumberdistributionfunctionweightdistributionfunction舒爾茨-齊姆分布Schulz-Zimmdistributionmostprobabledistribution對數(shù)正態(tài)分布logarithmicnormaldistribution聚合物溶液polymersolution聚合物-溶劑相互作用polymer-solventinteraction溶劑熱力學性質thermodynamicqualityofsolventmeansquareendtoenddistance均方旋轉半徑meansquareradiusofgyrationθ溫度thetatemperatureθ態(tài)thetastateθthetasolventgoodsolventpoorsolventVirialcoefficient排除體積excludedvolume溶脹因子expansionfactordegreeofswelling弗洛里-哈金斯理論Flory-Hugginstheory哈金斯公式Hugginsequation哈金斯系數(shù)Hugginscoefficientχ(相互作用)χ-parametersolubilityparameter摩擦系數(shù)frictionalcoefficient流體力學等效球hydrodynamicallyequivalentsphere流體力學體積hydrodynamicvolume珠-棒模型bead-rodmodel球-簧鏈模型ball-spring[chain]model流動雙折射flowbirefringence,streamingbirefringence動態(tài)光散射dynamiclightscattering小角激光光散射lowanglelaserlightscattering沉降平衡sedimentationequilibrium沉降系數(shù)sedimentationcoefficient沉降速度法sedimentationvelocitymethod沉降平衡法sedimentationequilibriummethod相對黏度relativeviscosity相對黏度增量relativeviscosityincrement黏度比viscosityratio黏數(shù)viscositynumber[烏氏]稀釋黏度計[Ubbelohde]dilutionviscometer毛細管黏度計capillaryviscometer落球黏度計ballviscometer落球黏度ballviscosity本體黏度bulkviscosity比濃黏度reducedviscosityinherentviscosity,logarithmicviscositynumber特性黏數(shù)intrinsicviscosity,limitingviscositynumber黏度函數(shù)viscosityfunction零切變速率黏度zeroshearviscosity端基分析analysisofendgroup蒸氣壓滲透法vaporpressureosmometry,VPOcoherentelasticscatteringofradiation折光指數(shù)增量refractiveindexincrement瑞利比Rayleighratio超瑞利比excessRayleighratioparticlescatteringfunctionparticlescatteringfactorZimmplot散射的非對稱性dissymmetryofscattering解偏振作用depolarization分級fractionation沉淀分級precipitationfractionation萃取分級extractionfractionation色譜分級chromatographicfractionation柱分級columnfractionation洗脫分級，淋洗分級elutionfractionation熱分級thermalfractionation凝膠色譜法gelchromatography摩爾質量排除極限molarmassexclusionlimitsolventgradient[elution]chromatography分子量排除極限molecularweightexclusionlimit洗脫體積elutionvolumeuniversalcalibrationspreadingfunctionchainaxis等同周期identityperiod鏈重復距離chainrepeatingdistance晶體折疊周期crystallinefoldperiod構象重復單元conformationalrepeatingunit幾何等效geometricalequivalence螺旋鏈helixchain構型無序configurationaldisorder鏈取向無序chainorientationaldisorder構象無序conformationaldisorder鋸齒鏈zigzagchain雙[股]螺旋doublestrandedhelix[分子]鏈大尺度取向globalchainorientation結晶聚合物crystallinepolymer半結晶聚合物semi-crystallinepolymer高分子晶體polymercrystal高分子微晶polymercrystallite結晶度degreeofcrystallinity,crystallinity高分子[異質]同晶現(xiàn)象macromolecularisomorphism聚合物形態(tài)學morphologyofpolymer片晶lamella,lamellarcrystal軸晶axialite樹枝[狀]晶體dendrite纖維晶fibrouscrystal串晶結構shish-kebabstructure球晶spherulitefoldedchainchainfoldingfoldsurfacefoldplane折疊微區(qū)folddomain相鄰再入模型adjacentre-entrymodel接線板模型switchboardmodel纓狀微束模型fringed-micellemodelfolded-chaincrystalparallel-chaincrystalextended-chaincrystalglobular-chaincrystallongperiod近程結構short-rangestructurelong-rangestructurenucleation分子成核作用molecularnucleation阿夫拉米方程Avramiequation主結晶primarycrystallization后期結晶secondarycrystallization外延結晶，附生結晶epitaxialcrystallization外延晶體生長，附生晶體生長epitaxialgrowth織構texture液晶態(tài)liquidcrystalstate溶致性液晶lyotopicliquidcrystalthermotropicliquidcrystalthermotropicmesomorphismsmecticliquidcrystal近晶中介相smecticmesophase近晶相smecticphasebandedtextureringedspherulitenematicphasediscoticphasedisorientationsegregationamorphousphaseamorphousregionamorphousstate非晶取向amorphousorientation鏈段運動segmentalmotion亞穩(wěn)態(tài)metastablestate相分離phaseseparationspinodaldecompositionbimodaldecomposition微相microphaseboundaryphasecompatibilitymiscibility不相容性incompatibility不混容性immiscibility增容作用compatiibilization最低臨界共溶(溶解)lowercriticalsolutiontemperature,LCST最高臨界共溶(溶解)溫度uppercriticalsolutiontemperatureUCSTconcentrationquenching激基締合物熒光excimerfluorescence激基復合物熒光exciplexfluorescencelaserconfocalfluorescencemicroscopy單軸取向uniaxialorientation雙軸取向biaxialorientation,biorientation取向度degreeoforientation橡膠態(tài)rubberstate玻璃態(tài)glassystate高彈態(tài)elastomericstate黏流態(tài)viscousflowstate伸長elongation高彈形變highelasticdeformation回縮性，彈性復原nerviness拉伸比drawratio,extensionratio泊松比Poisson'sratio楊氏模量Young'smodulusbulkmodulusshearmodulusnormalstressshearstressshearstrainyielding頸縮現(xiàn)象neckingyieldstressyieldstrain脆性斷裂brittlefracture脆性開裂brittlecracking脆-韌轉變brittleductiletransition脆化溫度brittleness(brittle)temperature延性破裂ductilefracture沖擊強度impactstrength拉伸強度tensilestrength極限拉伸強度ultimatetensilestrength抗撕強度tearingstrength彎曲強度flexuralstrength,bendingstrengthbendingmodulusbendingstrainbendingstressshrinkagecrackshearstrength剝離強度peelingstrength疲勞強度fatiguestrength,fatigueresistance撓曲deflectioncompressivestrength壓縮永久變形compressionset壓縮變形compressivedeformation壓痕硬度indentationhardnessRockwellhardnessBrinellhardness抗刮性scrathresistance斷裂力學fracturemechanics力學破壞mechanicalfailure應力強度因子stressintensityfactor斷裂伸長elongationatbreak屈服強度yieldstrengthfracturetoughnesselasticdeformationelastichysteresiselasticity彈性模量modulusofelasticity彈性回復elasticrecovery不可回復形變irrecoverabledeformationcrackcraze形變；變形deformation永久變形deformationset剩余變形residualdeformation剩余伸長residualstretch回彈，回彈性resilience延遲形變retardeddeformation延遲彈性retardedelasticity可逆形變reversibledeformation應力開裂stresscracking應力-應變曲線stressstraincurve拉伸應變stretchingstrain拉伸應力弛豫tensilestressrelaxation熱歷史thermalhistory熱收縮thermoshrinking扭辮分析torsionalbraidanalysis，TBA應力致白stresswhitening應變能strainenergy應變張量straintensorresidualstressstrainhardeningstrainsoftening電流變液electrorheologicalfluid假塑性pseudoplastic拉脹性auxiticity牛頓流體Newtonianfluid非牛頓流體non-Newtonianfluid賓漢姆流體Binghamfluid冷流coldflow牛頓剪切黏度Newtonianshearviscosity剪切黏度shearviscosity表觀剪切黏度apparentshearviscosity剪切變稀shearthinning觸變性thixotropy塑性形變plasticdeformationplasticflowvolumerelaxationextensionalviscosityviscoelasticity線性黏彈性linearviscoelasticity非線性黏彈性non-linearviscoelasticity蠕變creep弛豫[作用]relaxation弛豫模量relaxationmodulus蠕變柔量creepcompliance熱畸變溫度heatdistortiontemperature弛豫譜relaxationspectrum推遲[時間]譜retardation[time]spectrum弛豫時間relaxationtime推遲時間retardationtime動態(tài)力學行為dynamicmechanicalbehaviordynamicviscoelasticity熱-thermo-mechanicalcurvedynamictransition儲能模量storagemodulus損耗模量lossmoduluscomplexmodulus復數(shù)柔量complexcompliancedynamicviscositycomplexviscosity復數(shù)介電常數(shù)complexdielectricpermittivity介電損耗因子dielectricdissipationfactordielectriclossconstant介電弛豫時間dielectricrelaxationtimeglasstransition玻璃化轉變溫度glass-transitiontemperature次級弛豫secondaryrelaxation次級轉變secondarytransition次級弛豫溫度secondaryrelaxationtemperature開爾文模型Kelvinmodel麥克斯韋模型Maxwellmodel時-溫疊加原理time-temperaturesuperpositionprinciple玻耳茲曼疊加原理Boltzmannsuperpositionprinciple平移因子shiftfactorWLF公式WLF[Williams-Lendel-Ferry]equation軟化溫度softeningtemperature平衡熔點equilibriummeltingpoint物理老化physicalageing光老化photoageing熱老化thermalageing熱氧老化thermo-oxidativeageing人工老化artificialageing加速老化acceleratedageing計算機模擬computersimulation分子動力學模擬moleculardynamicssimulation蒙特卡洛模擬MonteCarlosimulation－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－聚合反應類：monomer官能度functionality平均官能度averagefunctionality雙官能［基］單體bifunctionalmonomer三官能［基］單體trifunctionalmonomer乙烯基單體vinylmonomer1,1-亞乙烯基單體，偏［二］vinylidenemonomer1,2-亞乙烯基單體，1,2-二取代乙烯單體vinylenemonomerdienemonomerpolarmonomer非極性單體nonpolarmonomer共軛單體conjugatedmonomer非共軛單體nonconjugatedmonomer活化單體activatedmonomer官能單體functionalmonomer大分子單體macromer,macromonomer環(huán)狀單體cyclicmonomer共聚單體comonomer聚合［反應］polymerization均聚反應homopolymerization低聚反應，齊聚反應(曾用名)oligomerization調聚反應telomerization自發(fā)聚合spontaneouspolymerization預聚合prepolymerization后聚合postpolymerization再聚合repolymerization鑄塑聚合,澆鑄聚合castpolymerization鏈［式］聚合chainpolymerization烯類聚合，乙烯基聚合vinylpolymerization雙烯［類］聚合dienepolymerization加［成］聚［合］additionpolymerization自由基聚合，(曾用名freeradicalpolymerization,radicalpolymerization控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlledradicalpolymerization，CRP活性自由基聚合livingradicalpolymerizationatomtransferradicalpolymerization，ATRP反向原子轉移自由基聚合 reverse atom transfer radical polymerization，RATRPreversibleadditionfragmentationchaintransfer，RAFT氮氧[自由基]調控聚合nitroxidemediatedpolymerization穩(wěn)定自由基聚合stablefreeradicalpolymerization，F(xiàn)RPfreeradicalisomerizationpolymerization自由基開環(huán)聚合radicalringopeningpolymerization氧化還原聚合redoxpolymerization無活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)deadendpolymerization光［致］聚合photopolymerizationlightinitiatedpolymerizationphotosensitizedpolymerizationfourcenterpolymerization電荷轉移聚合chargetransferpolymerization輻射引發(fā)聚合radiationinitiatedpolymerization熱聚合thermalpolymerization電解聚合electrolyticpolymerization等離子體聚合plasmapolymerization易位聚合metathesispolymerizationringopeningmetathesispolymerization，ROMP精密聚合precisionpolymerization環(huán)化聚合cyclopolymerization拓撲化學聚合topochemicalpolymerization平衡聚合equilibriumpolymerization離子［型］聚合ionicpolymerization輻射離子聚合radiationionpolymerization離子對聚合ionpairpolymerization正離子聚合，陽離子聚合cationicpolymerizationcarbeniumionpolymerization,carbocationicpolymerization假正離子聚合pseudocationicpolymerization假正離子活［性］聚合pseudocationiclivingpolymerization活性正離子聚合livingcationicpolymerization負離子聚合，陰離子聚合anionicpolymerization碳負離子聚合carbanionicpolymerization活性負離子聚合livinganionicpolymerization負離子環(huán)化聚合anioniccyclopolymerization負離子電化學聚合anionicelectrochemicalpolymerization負離子異構化聚合anionicisomerizationpolymerization烯丙基聚合allylicpolymerization活［性］聚合livingpolymerization兩性離子聚合zwitterionpolymerization齊格勒-納塔聚合ZieglerNattapolymerization配位聚合coordinationpolymerization配位離子聚合coordinatedionicpolymerizationcoordinatedanionicpolymerizationcoordinatedcationicpolymerizationinsertionpolymerization定向聚合，stereoregularpolymerization,stereospecificpolymerization有規(guī)立構聚合tacticpolymerization全同立構聚合isospecificpolymerization不對稱誘導聚合asymmetricinductionpolymerization不對稱選擇性聚合asymmetricselectivepolymerizationasymmetricstereoselectivepolymerization對映［體］不對稱聚合enantioasymmetricpolymerization對映［體］對稱聚合enantiosymmetricpolymerization異構化聚合isomerizationpolymerization氫轉移聚合hydrogentransferpolymerization基團轉移聚合grouptransferpolymerization，GTP消除聚合eliminationpolymerizationmatrixpolymerization,templatepolymerizationintercalationpolymerizationuncatalyzedpolymerizationringopeningpolymerization活性開環(huán)聚合livingringopeningpolymerization不死的聚合immortalpolymerization酶聚合作用enzymaticpolymerization聚加成反應，逐步加成聚合(曾用名polyadditioncouplingpolymerizationsequentialpolymerization閃發(fā)聚合，俗稱暴聚flashpolymerization氧化聚合oxidativepolymerization氧化偶聯(lián)聚合oxidativecouplingpolymerization逐步［增長］聚合stepgrowthpolymerizationcondensationpolymerization，polycondensationtransesterificationtypepolymerization,esterexchangepolycondensation自催化縮聚autocatalyticpolycondensation均相聚合homogeneouspolymerization非均相聚合heterogeneouspolymerization相轉化聚合phaseinversionpolymerization本體聚合bulkpolymerization,masspolymerization固相聚合solidphasepolymerization氣相聚合gaseouspolymerization,gasphasepolymerization吸附聚合adsorptionpolymerization溶液聚合solutionpolymerization沉淀聚合precipitationpolymerization淤漿聚合slurrypolymerization懸浮聚合suspensionpolymerizationreversedphasesuspensionpolymerization珠狀聚合beadpolymerization,pearlpolymerization分散聚合dispersionpolymerization反相分散聚合inversedispersionpolymerization種子聚合seedingpolymerization乳液聚合emulsionpolymerization無乳化劑乳液聚合emulsifierfreeemulsionpolymerization反相乳液聚合inverseemulsionpolymerization微乳液聚合microemulsionpolymerization連續(xù)聚合continuouspolymerizationsemicontinuouspolymerizationbatchpolymerizationinsitupolymerization均相縮聚homopolycondensationactivatedpolycondensationmeltphasepolycondensationsolidphasepolycondensation體型縮聚threedimensionalpolycondensation界面聚合interfacialpolymerization界面縮聚interfacialpolycondensation環(huán)加成聚合cycloadditionpolymerization環(huán)烯聚合cycloalkenepolymerization環(huán)硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxanepolymerization引發(fā)劑initiator引發(fā)劑活性activityofinitiator聚合催化劑polymerizationcatalyst自由基引發(fā)劑radicalinitiator偶氮［類］引發(fā)劑azotypeinitiator2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile,AIBN過氧化苯甲酰benzoylperoxide,BPO過硫酸鹽引發(fā)劑persulphateinitiator復合引發(fā)體系complexinitiationsystem氧化還原引發(fā)劑redoxinitiator電荷轉移復合物，電荷轉移絡合物聚合加速劑，聚合促進劑polymerizationaccelerator光敏引發(fā)劑photoinitiatorbifunctionalinitiatordifunctionalinitiator三官能引發(fā)劑trifunctionalinitiator大分子引發(fā)劑macroinitiator引發(fā)-轉移劑initiatortransferagent,inifer引發(fā)-轉移-initiatortransferagentterminator,iniferter光引發(fā)轉移終止劑photoiniferter熱引發(fā)轉移終止劑cationiccatalyst正離子引發(fā)劑cationicinitiatorionioicinitiatorcoinitiator烷基鋰引發(fā)劑alkyllithiuminitiator負離子自由基引發(fā)劑anionradicalinitiator烯醇鈉引發(fā)劑alfininitiator齊格勒-ZieglerNattacatalysttransitionmetalcatalystbicomponentcatalyst后過渡金屬催化劑latetransitionmetalcatalyst金屬絡合物催化劑metalcomplexcatalyst［二］茂金屬催化劑metallocenecatalyst甲基鋁氧烷methylaluminoxane,MAOμ氧橋雙金屬烷氧化物催化劑bimetallicμ-oxoalkoxidescatalyst雙金屬催化劑bimetalliccatalyst橋基茂金屬bridgedmetalloceneconstrainedgeometrymetallocenecatalyst均相茂金屬催化劑homogeneousmetallocenecatalyst鏈引發(fā)chaininitiation熱引發(fā)thermalinitiation染料敏化光引發(fā)dyesensitizedphtoinitiation電荷轉移引發(fā)chargetransferinitiation誘導期inductionperiodinitiatorefficiencyinduceddecompositionreinitiation鏈增長chaingrowth,chainpropagation增長鏈端propagatingchainend活性種reactivespecies活性中心activecenter持續(xù)自由基persistentradical聚合最高溫度ceillingtemperatureofpolymerization鏈終止chaintermination雙分子終止bimolecularterminationprimaryradicalterminationdiffusioncontrolledterminationdisproportionationtermination偶合終止couplingtermination單分子終止unimoleculartermination自發(fā)終止spontaneoustermination終止劑terminator鏈終止劑chainterminatingagent假終止pseudotermination自發(fā)終止selfterminationradicalscavengerrotatingsectormethodfreeradicallifetimegeleffect自動加速效應autoaccelerationeffect鏈轉移chaintransferchaintransferagentbackbittingtransfer退化鏈轉移degradation(degradative)chaintransfer加成斷裂鏈轉移［反應］additionfragmentationchaintransfer鏈轉移常數(shù)chaintransferconstant①緩聚作用②延遲作用retardation阻聚作用inhibition緩聚劑retarder緩聚劑，阻滯劑retardingagent阻聚劑inhibitor封端［反應］端基terminalgroup聚合動力學polymerizationkinetics聚合熱力學polymerizationthermodynamics聚合熱heatofpolymerization共聚合［反應］copolymerization二元共聚合binarycopolymerizationternarycopolymerizationreactivityratio自由基共聚合radicalcopolymerizationioniccopolymerizationrandomcopolymerizationidealcopolymerization交替共聚合alternatingcopolymerization恒［組］分共聚合azeotropiccopolymerization接枝共聚合graftcopolymerization嵌段共聚合blockcopolymerization開環(huán)共聚合ringopeningcopolymerization共聚合方程copolymerizationequation共縮聚copolycondensation逐步共聚合stepcopolymerization同種增長homopropagation自增長selfpropagation交叉增長crosspropagation前末端基效應penultimateeffect交叉終止crossterminationQ值Qvaluee值Q,e概念Q,escheme序列長度分布sequencelengthdistributionreactionofpendantgroupchainextendercrosslinking化學交聯(lián)chemicalcrosslinking自交聯(lián)selfcrosslinking光交聯(lián)photocrosslinking交聯(lián)度degreeofcrosslinking硫化vulcanization固化curing硫［黃］硫化sulfurvulcanization促進硫化acceleratedsulfurvulcanization過氧化物交聯(lián)peroxidecrosslinkingrandomcrosslinkingcrosslinkingdensitycrosslinkingindexdepolymerization①降解②退化degradation鏈斷裂chainbreaking解聚酶depolymerase細菌降解bacterialdegradation生物降解biodegradationchemicaldegradationradiationdegradation斷鏈降解chainscissiondegradation自由基鏈降解freeradicalchaindegradationrandomdegradationhydrolyticdegradationthermaldegradation熱氧化降解thermaloxidativedegradation光降解photodegradationphotooxidativedegradationmechanochemicaldegradationgraftpolymerization活化接枝activationgrafting接枝點graftingsite鏈支化chainbranching支化度degreeofbranching接枝效率efficiencyofgrafting接枝度graftingdegree輻射誘導接枝radiationinducedgrafting嵌段聚合blockpolymerization－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－通用類：高分子macromolecule,polymer超高分子suprapolymernaturalpolymer無機高分子inorganicpolymerorganicpolymer無機-有機高分子inorganicorganicpolymer金屬有機聚合物organometallicpolymer元素高分子elementpolymer高聚物highpolymerpolymeroligomerdimer三聚體trimer調聚物telomer預聚物prepolymer均聚物homopolymer無規(guī)聚合物randompolymer無規(guī)卷曲聚合物randomcoilingpolymer頭-head-to-headpolymer頭-head-to-tailpolymer尾-tail-to-tailpolymer反式有規(guī)聚合物transtacticpolymer順式有規(guī)聚合物cistacticpolymer規(guī)整聚合物regularpolymerirregularpolymeratacticpolymerisotacticpolymer間同立構聚合物syndiotacticpolymer雜同立構聚合物heterotacticpolymer有規(guī)立構聚合物stereoregularpolymer,tacticpolymer蘇型雙全同立構聚合物threo-diisotacticpolymer蘇型雙間同立構聚合物threo-disyndiotacticpolymer赤型雙全同立構聚合物erythro-diisotacticpolymer赤型雙間同立構聚合物erythro-disyndiotacticpolymer全同間同等量聚合物equitacticpolymer共聚物copolymer二元共聚物binarycopolymer三元共聚物terpolymer多元聚合物multipolymer序列共聚物sequentialcopolymer多層共聚物multilayercopolymermultiphasepolymer統(tǒng)計[結構]共聚物statisticalcopolymerrandomcopolymeralternatingcopolymerperiodiccopolymergradientcopolymerblockcopolymer遞變嵌段共聚物taperedblockcopolymer兩親嵌段共聚物amphiphilicblockcopolymer二嵌段共聚物diblockcopolymertriblockcopolymer多嵌段共聚物segmentedcopolymerheteropolymer恒[組]分共聚物azeotropiccopolymer多組分共聚物multicomponentcopolymer單分散聚合物monodispersepolymer,uniformpolymerpolydispersepolymer,non-uniformpolymer高分子共混物polyblend,polymerblend聚合物-聚合物配合物polymer-polymercomplex聚合物-金屬配合物polymer-metalcomplex單股聚合物single-strandpolymer雙股聚合物double-strandpolymer多股聚合物multi-strandpolymer鏈型聚合物chainpolymer碳鏈聚合物carbonchainpolymerheterochainpolymerheterocyclicpolymermacrocyclicpolymerstraightchainpolymerlinearpolymer體型聚合物three-dimensionalpolymer活性livingpolymerreactivepolymerpolarpolymer非極性聚合物non-polarpolymer剛性鏈聚合物rigidchainpolymer半柔性鏈聚合物semi-flexiblechainpolymer柔性鏈聚合物flexiblechainpolymer剛棒高分子rigidrodpolymer棒狀高分子rodlikepolymer剛-柔嵌段共聚物rodcoilblockcopolymer樹狀高分子dendrimer,dendriticpolymer,treepolymer刷狀聚合物brushpolymer線團狀聚合物花菜狀聚合物cauliflowerpolymerhelicalpolymer錐形共聚物taperedcopolymerladderpolymer分段梯形聚合物stepladderpolymer部分梯形聚合物partialladderpolymer碳環(huán)梯形聚合物carbocyclicladderpolymer梳形聚合物combpolymer星形聚合物starpolymer遙爪聚合物telechelicpolymer支化聚合物branchedpolymer超支化聚合物hyperbranchedpolymer接枝聚合物graftpolymer核-殼共聚物coreshellcopolymer核-殼膠乳聚合物coreshelllatexpolymer手性高分子chiralpolymer互穿[聚合物]網(wǎng)絡interpenetratingpolymernetworks,IPN半互穿［聚合物］網(wǎng)絡semi-interpenetratingpolymernetwork(SIPN)異質同晶聚合物polyallomer多晶形聚合物polycrystallinepolymer締合聚合物associationpolymer共軛聚合物conjugatedpolymerchelatepolymer遠螯聚合物telechelicpolymer螯合[型]離子交換劑chelatingion-exchanger螯合[型]樹脂chelatingresin紫膠shellac蠶絲[natural]silk骨膠原collagen凝膠gel明膠gelatin黃原膠xanthategum瓊脂agar-agar樹膠gum白蛋白albumindeoxyribonucleicacid（DNA）amylum，starch直鏈淀粉amylose支鏈淀粉amylopectin甲殼質chitin葡聚糖dextran糊精dextrin木素lignin纖維素celluloseα纖維素αcelluloseβ纖維素βcelluloseγ纖維素γcellulose硝酸纖維素cellulosenitrate胺纖維素aminecellulose乙酸纖維素celluloseacetatemethylcellulose羥乙基纖維素hydroxyethylcellulose羧甲基纖維素carboxymethylcellulose天然橡膠naturalrubber三葉橡膠Hevea杜仲膠Eucommearubber古塔波膠Guttaperchasyntheticpolymer加成聚合]additionpolymercommoditypolymerfunctionalpolymerbiomimeticpolymer形狀記憶高分子shape-memorypolymer類酶高分子enzymelikepolymer生物高分子biopolymer生物彈性體bioelastomer生物活性高分子bioactivepolymerbioerodablepolymer生物降解高分子biodegradablepolymermedicalpolymer生物醫(yī)用高分子biomedicalpolymer高分子藥物polymerdrug降解性高分子degradablepolymer高性能高分子highperformancepolymer高模量聚合物highmoduluspolymer特殊性能高分子specialitypolymerintelligentpolymerhydrophilicpolymer疏水聚合物hydrophobicpolymer兩親聚合物amphiphilicpolymerwaterabsorbentpolymerwatersolublepolymermacroporouspolymer精細高分子finepolymerω聚合物ω-polymerpyrolyticpolymer高熔聚合物dystecticpolymer光響應高分子photoresponsivepolymeropticalactivepolymerphotosensitivepolymer光彈性聚合物phot