2019屆高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)自練題Unit2TheUnitedKingdom(含解析)新人教版必修-5622

2019屆高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)自練題Unit2TheUnitedKingdom(含解析)新人教版必修_56222019屆高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)自練題Unit2TheUnitedKingdom(含解析)新人教版必修_5622/2019屆高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)自練題Unit2TheUnitedKingdom(含解析)新人教版必修_5622TheUnitedKingdom李仕才一、閱讀理解。Wouldn’titbewonderfultotraveltoaforeigncountrywithouthavingtoworryabouttheheadacheofcommunicatinginadifferentlanguage?InarecentarticlefromTheWallStreetJournal,technologypolicyexpertAlecRossarguedthat，withinadecadeorso,we’llbeabletocommunicatewithoneanotherviasmallearpieceswithbuilt-inmicrophones.That’sbecausetechnologicalprogressisextremelyrapid.It’sonlyamatteroftime.Indeed,someparentsaresoconvincedthatthistechnologyisimminentthatthey’rewonderingiftheirkidsshouldevenlearnasecondlanguage.It’struethatanincreaseinthequantityandaccuracyofthedataloadedintocomputerswillmakethemclevererattranslating“Noesbuenodormirmucho”as“It’snotgoodtosleeptoomuch”.Replacingawordwithitsequivalent(對應(yīng)詞)inthetargetlanguageisactuallythe“easypart”ofatranslator’sjob.Buteventhisseemstobeadiscouragingtaskforcomputers.It’ssodifficultforcomputersbecausetranslationdoesn’t—orshouldn’t—involvesimplytranslatingwords,sentencesorparagraphs.Rather,it’sabouttranslatingmeaning.Andinordertoinfermeaningfromaspecificexpression,humanshavetointerpretamassofinformationatthesametime.Thinkaboutalltherelatedcluesthatgointounderstandinganexpression:volume,gesture,situation,andevenyourculture.Allarelikelytoconveyasmuchmeaningasthewordsyouuse.Therefore，weshouldbeveryskepticalofamachinethatisunabletointerprettheworldaroundus.Ifpeoplefromdifferentculturescanoffendeachotherwithoutrealizingit,howcanweexpectamachinetodobetter?Unlessengineersactuallyfindawaytobreatheasoulintoacomputer,undoubtedlywhenitcomestoconveyingandinterpretingmeaningusinganaturallanguage,amachinewillneverfullytakeourplace.【解題導(dǎo)語】技術(shù)專家說隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，即時(shí)翻譯機(jī)器將在大體十年內(nèi)出現(xiàn)在市場上。但是，由于翻譯包括好多方面，因此電腦翻譯不會精確，也不會完好代替人類的翻譯。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“imminent”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Ready.B．Approaching.C．Helpful.D．Advanced.解析：詞義猜想題。依照畫線詞所在句的前一句并結(jié)合第二段的第一句可知，這種產(chǎn)品在大體十年內(nèi)會在市場上出現(xiàn)，再結(jié)合畫線詞后的“thatthey’rewonderingiftheirkidsshouldevenlearnasecondlanguage”能夠判斷，這種產(chǎn)品馬上出現(xiàn)，家長們在考慮他們的孩子可否要學(xué)習(xí)一門外語。據(jù)此可知，畫線詞意為“馬上發(fā)生的；周邊的”，故B項(xiàng)正確。2．Whyisithardforcomputerstoreplaceawordwithitsequivalent?A．Theirdataisnotadequateenough.B．Therealmeaningofwordscanvary.C．Theiraccuracyneedsbigimprovement.D．Asoulhasn’tbeenbreathedinthem.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依照第四段的“It’ssodifficultforcomputersbecausetranslationdoesn’t—orshouldn’t...paragraphs.”并結(jié)合第五段的內(nèi)容可知，由于一個(gè)表達(dá)的意思可能有好多，因此電腦難以用某個(gè)對應(yīng)詞去代替一個(gè)詞，故

B項(xiàng)正確。3．Whatviewdoestheauthorholdabouttranslation?A．Propertranslationcanbetoughforhumans.B．Slightdistinctionsmatterlittleintranslation.C．Somemachineswillinterpretourworldproperly.D．Culturesdeservemoreattentionthanwordsused.A解析：推理判斷題。依照最后一段的“Ifpeoplefromdifferentcultureseachotherwithoutrealizingit，howcanweexpectamachinetodobetter

canoffend？”可知，來自不同樣文化背景的人會互相沖犯卻沒有意識到；據(jù)此能夠判斷，由于文化背景不同樣，合適的翻譯對于人來講是很困難的，故A項(xiàng)正確。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．AnExpert’sPrecisePredictionB．TheComplexityofTranslationC．WhoWillBeaBetterTranslator?D．WillLanguageBarrierActuallyFall?解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了將來的一種即時(shí)翻譯機(jī)器，但是同時(shí)提出由于語言中有好多對應(yīng)詞，這種機(jī)器無法精確翻譯。別的由于文化背景的不同樣，有時(shí)人們自己也無法精確地翻譯。據(jù)此能夠判斷，作者旨在說明在將來可否除掉語言阻擋，故

D項(xiàng)最合適作本文標(biāo)題。二、語法填空。InBritainsomeonewhohelpschildrencrossthestreet__1__(call)“l(fā)ollipopperson”，becausetheirsignlookslikealollipop(棒棒糖)．Thejobofalollipoppersonistowalktothemiddleoftheroadata(n)__2__(suit)time,holdingupthesign.Itisalegal__3__(require)fortraffictostopatthiscommand.Thelollipoppersonwillsignalthatitisallrighttocrosstheroad__4__(safe).Trafficmayonlymoveoncethesignhasbeenlowered.Generallyspeaking,schoolcrossingsaremannedforapproximately3hoursadayorless.Asaresult,theworkhasalwaysappealedmore__5__peopleseekingtosupplementtheirincomesuchas__6__retired.Lollipoppeoplewereintroducedtoenablepolicemen,__7__hadpreviouslyruncrossingpatrols(巡邏),toperformotherduties.Theearliestlollipopswereredandblackrectangles__8__(say)“Stop,childrencrossing.”In2001inEuropepatrollersweregivenextrapowersallowingthem__9__(assist)adultswithcrossing,too.ThemostrecentchangeinthehistoryoftheSchoolCrossingPatrolsawtheword“children”__10__(replace)withasymboltobringtheUKinlinewiththerestoftheEU(歐盟)．1．________2.________3.________4.________7.________8.________9.________10.________

5.________

6.________篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了英國協(xié)助交通的交通安全員的情況。1．iscalled觀察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)以及主謂一致。此處描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；call意為“把叫作”，與主語someone之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；因主語someone是單數(shù)看法，因此謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填

iscalled

。2．suitable

觀察詞性變換。此處表示“一個(gè)合適的時(shí)間”，應(yīng)用形容詞作定語修飾名詞

time。故填

suitable

。3．requirement

觀察詞性變換。此處表示“一個(gè)合法的要求”。

形容詞

legal

用來修飾名詞，其前有冠詞

a，故用

require

的名詞形式

requirement

。4．safely

觀察詞性變換。此處表示“安全地過馬路”，

應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞短語

crosstheroad

，故用

safe

的副詞形式

safely

。5．to

觀察介詞。

appealto

意為“吸引”，為固定短語。故填

to。6．the

觀察冠詞。“

the＋形容詞”表示一類人。

theretired

意為“退休的人”，吻合語境。故填

the。7．who

觀察定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句“

__

7__hadpreviously

runcrossing

patrols

(巡邏)”中作主語，指人，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞

who引導(dǎo)從句。8．saying

觀察非謂語動(dòng)詞?？崭裉幾骱笾枚ㄕZ，

say

與被修飾的名詞“

red

andblackrectangles

”之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，意為“寫著”。故填

say

的現(xiàn)在分詞形式

saying

。9．toassist

觀察非謂語動(dòng)詞。

allowsb.todosth.

意為“贊同某人做某事”，是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。故填

toassist

。10．replaced觀察非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處表示“看見單詞‘children’被一個(gè)符號代替”，replace與saw的賓語“theword”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用replace的過去分詞形式，作saw的賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填replaced。三、完形填空。Itisnowthirty-fiveyearssinceI，asalittleboyofsix，wasleftquitealoneintheworld.Yousentmeword1youwouldgivemeahomeandbeakindmothertome.IhaveneverforgottenthedaywhenImadethelong2oftenmilestoyourhouseinNorthKillingworth.Icanstillrecallmy3when，insteadofcomingformeyourself，yousentservantJamesto4me.Iwellremembermytearsand5as，seatedhighonyourhorseandattachedtighttoJames，Irodeofftomynewhome.Night6beforewefinishedthejourney，andasitgrewdarkIbecamelonelyandafraid.“Doyouthinkshe’llgotobed7wegetthere？”IaskedJamesanxiously.“Oh，no，”hesaidencouragingly.“She’ll8foryou.Whenwegetoutofthesewoodsyou’llseehercandle9inthewindow.”10wedidrideoutintotheclearing，andthere，sureenough，wasyour11．Irememberyouwerewaitingatthedoor，thatyouputyourarmsclose12meandthatyouliftedme—atiredandconfusedlittleboy—13fromthehorse.Youhadafireburningonthehearth(爐邊)，ahotsupper14onthestove.Aftersupperyoutookmetomynewroom，heardmesaymyprayers，andthensatbesidemeuntilIfellasleep.YouprobablyrealizewhyIam15allthis.SomedaysoonGodwilltakeyoutoanewhome.Don’tfearthe16forthestrangejourney，orthedarkmessengerofdeathwhowillfetchyou.Godcanbe17todoasmuchforyouasyouwerekindenoughtodoformesomanyyearsago，andyouwillbe18inGod’scare.Ishallwatchyouandprayforyoutillyouareoutofsight,19waitforthedaywhenIshallmakethesamejourneymyselfandfindyouwaitingattheendoftheroadto20me.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要表達(dá)了作者對母親的回憶。1．A.whyB．thatC．howD．whenB解析：解析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，對空前的word進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明，that在從句中不作句子成分。2．A.journeyB．tourC．rideD．a(chǎn)dventureA解析：依照空后的“oftenmilestoyourhouse”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)走了很長的路，journey“(尤指長途的

)旅行，旅途”吻合語境，且與下文的“

beforewefinishedthejourney

”響應(yīng)。3．A.disappointment

B．excitementC．embarrassment

D．a(chǎn)mazementA解析：依照“

insteadofcomingformeyourself

，

yousentservantJamesto___________me”可推知，作者的母親派仆人而不是親自來接作者，這讓作者感覺無望。4．A.fetch

B．comfortC．contact

D．a(chǎn)ccompany解析：拜會上題解析。fetch“(去)拿來，(去)請來”。5．A.calmness

B．pleasureC．contentment

D．a(chǎn)nxietyD解析：結(jié)合空后的“

seated

highonyourhorseandattached

tight

toJames，I

rodeofftomynewhome

”可推知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)感覺緊張。6．A.went

B．droppedC．fell

D．ended解析：依照“andasitgrewdark”可推知，作者還沒有到新家，天就黑了下來。7．A.after

B．beforeC．since

D．when解析：結(jié)合“IaskedJamesanxiously”可推知，作者擔(dān)憂母親在他們到達(dá)前就休息了。8．A.sitdown

B．standoutC．stayup

D．comeoverC解析：依照上文的“Doyouthinkshe’llgotobed”以及母親不會睡覺，等著作者。stayup表示“深夜不睡，熬夜”。

James的否定回答可推知，9．A.disappearing

B．standingC．fading

D．shining解析：依照空前的“seehercandle”可推知，作者將會看到窗子里亮著的蠟燭。10．A.LatelyC．RecentlyB解析：結(jié)合空后的“

we

did

ride

B．ShortlyD．Meanwhileoutintotheclearing

”以及上文的“

When

weget

outofthesewoodsyou

’llseehercandle___________

inthewindow.

”可知，不久后作者他們就穿過了樹林。11．A.heart

B．mindC．candleD．giftC解析：與上文的“Whenwegetoutofthesewoodsyou’llseehercandle___________inthewindow.

”響應(yīng)，作者他們穿過了森林，看到了蠟燭。12．A.at

B．inC．for

D．a(chǎn)round解析：putone’sarmsaroundsb.為固定用法，意為“摟住某人”，吻合語境，故用介詞around。13．A.down

B．upC．out

D．a(chǎn)way解析：依照“fromthehorse”可知，作者被母親從馬上抱了下來。14．A.stayingC．heatingB解析：依照“

B．waitingD．burningYouhadafireburningonthehearth(

爐邊)”可推知，如火如茶的晚餐已經(jīng)就緒。15．A.warningC．reminding

B．informingD．recallingD解析：依照全文內(nèi)容可知，作者是在回憶，上文的“

Icanstillrecall

”也是提示。16．A.callingC．evidenceA解析：依照下文的“

B．instructionD．guidanceorthedarkmessengerofdeathwhowillfetchyou

”可推知，此處表示呼喊。17．A.permitted

B．provedC．trustedD．a(chǎn)skedC解析：依照下文的“inGod’scare”可推知，上帝是可靠的，值得相信的，與“werekindenoughtodoformesomanyyearsago”響應(yīng)。18．A.nervousB．joyful

as

youC．desperate

D．safe解析：結(jié)合空前的“Don’tfear”及下文的“inGod’scare”可推知，在上帝的關(guān)照下是安全的。19．A.orrather

B．incaseC．a(chǎn)ndthen

D．letaloneC解析：依照語境可知，空處前后表示邏輯上的承接關(guān)系，應(yīng)選

C。20．A.accept

B．greetC．a(chǎn)pprove

D．botherB解析：依照語境可知，此處表示迎接，應(yīng)選B。四、短文改錯(cuò)。Lastmonth,I,aswellasmyparents,wereinvitedtomyuncle'shomeintheUnitedStates.Myuncle,movedtoAmericawhenIwasfive,hasbeenlivingtherefornearlytenyears.Shemetusattheairport.IwasexcitingwhenIsetmyfootonthelandofAmerica.Inthefolloweddays,wevisitedsomeplacesofinterestandtookphotosinthefrontoftheStatueofLiberty.WeallenjoyedvisitingtheMuseumofNaturalHistorysoitenrichedourknowledgegreat.Forme,thisisoneofthemostrewardingtripswhichIhaveevermadeinmylifeandIamlookingforwardtogothereagain.答案：Lastmonth,I,aswellasmyparents,wereinvitedtomyuncle'shomeinthe①wasUnitedStates.Myuncle,∧movedtoAmericawhenIwasfive,hasbeenlivingthere②whofornearlytenyears.Shemetusattheairport.IwasexcitingwhenIsetmyfoot③He④excitedonthelandofAmerica.Inthefolloweddays,wevisitedsomeplacesofinterest⑤followingandtookphotosinthe＼frontoftheStatueofLiberty.Weallenjoyedvisitingthe⑥MuseumofNaturalHistorysoitenrichedourknowledgegreat.Forme,thisis⑦because⑧greatlyoneofthemostrewardingtripswhichIhaveevermadeinmylifeandIamlooking⑨t(yī)hatforwardtogothereagain.⑩going難項(xiàng)解析：第一處：were→was觀察主謂一致。主語后接aswellas引導(dǎo)的短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由前面的主語來決定。故were改為was。第周圍：exciting→excited觀察形容詞。此處指人內(nèi)心的感覺，因此用-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞。故exciting改為excited。第九處：which→that觀察定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。先行詞前由形容詞最高等修飾，關(guān)系詞只能用that不能夠用which。五、七選五Wanttoliveinaperfectlycleanenvironmentandmakeitshinebrightly?youwillnotneedtopurchaseexpensivecleaningproducts.

1.ThenCleanthetoiletwithCoke

.It

’samazinghowpowerfulCokemightbeasatoiletcleaner.2.You’llsaveyourhealthbynotconsumingchemicalsthatCokecontainsandsavemoneybynotpurchasingprofessionalcleaners.Poursomecolaoverthestainsandleaveitallforafewhours.Thenletwaterwashthetoilet!Removewaterstainswithorangepeels.You’vejusteatenanorange.3.Donotthrowawaythoseorangepeels.Youcanusetheskinstocleanstainlesssteel.Yourapplianceswillshineagainafteryourub(擦)themwiththeskins.Thepeelscaneasilymakethosestubbornstainsdisappearinasecond.Usebananapeelstopolishleatherfurniture.Expertsclaimthatbananapeelsaregreatforpolishingleathersofasandarmchairs.Bananaskinsarerichinoilsandhavetherighttexturetodothetask.4.Afterwards,removetheleftoverwithacloth.Thistrickissimpleandcheap.Useitifyouwantyourleatherfurnituretolookbrandnewagain.