2022-2023年教師資格之中學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力題庫(kù)與答案

2022-2023年教師資格之中學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力題庫(kù)與答案

單選題（共50題）1、Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutteachers'instructionsisNOTtrue?A.InstructionsshouldbesimpleandclearB.InstructionscanbelongandcomplicatedforstudentstofollowC.TeacherscanusebodylanguagetoassiststudentstounderstandD.Instructionsshouldbekepttoaminimumduringactivities【答案】B2、Passage2A.ContradictwithB.IntegrateintoC.SeparatefromD.Relatewith【答案】B3、Whichofthefollowingreferstothestudyofmeaninginabstraction?A.PhoneticsB.PragmaticsC.SemanticsD.Sociolinguistics【答案】C4、Whatvocabularylearningstrategydoesthefollowingactivityhelptotrain?A.AssociationB.GeneralizationC.CollocationD.Contextualization【答案】D5、AccordingtotheNewCurriculumStandard,theultimategoalofEnglisheducationistodevelopstudents'abilitytouseEnglishcommunicatively.Therefore,Englisheducationinschools,shouldbe__________.A.knowledge-centredB.ability-orientedC.speaking-focusedD.communication-focused【答案】B6、ThecoreconceptoftheNewCurriculumis__________.A.promotingtheprofessionalteachers'developmentB.lettingthestudentschoosethecourseindependentlyC.advocatingtheconstructivistlearningD.foreverystudent'sdevelopment【答案】D7、Passage1A.wereinspiredbysomethingB.weregoingtodosomethingC.wereworriedaboutsomethingD.wereawareofthenature【答案】D8、__________ofthestudentsinourclassmoneyforthedisabledchild.A.Twothree;haveraisedB.Twothird;haveraisedC.Twothirds;haveraisedD.Twothirds;hasraised【答案】C9、Passage2A.voicesforworkingwomenB.appealstopassionateworkaholicsC.triggersdebatesamongmommiesD.praisesmotivatedemployees【答案】A10、WhichofthefollowinghastheproperwordstressA.comParisonB.ComparisonC.compaRisonD.comparisON【答案】A11、Whichofthefollowingcan'NOTbeusedasapre-readingtask?__________A.PredictingwhatapassageisaboutB.CreatingawordwebrelatedtoatopicC.ListeningtotherecordingofapassageD.Sharingwhatisalreadyknownaboutatopic【答案】C12、請(qǐng)閱讀Passagel，完成此題。A.AdogB.AdollC.AguineapigD.Asmartphone【答案】D13、Therearetwokindsofmotiveforengaginginanyactivity:internalandinstrumental.Ifascientistconductsresearchbecauseshewantstodiscoverimportantfactsabouttheworld,that'saninternalmotive,sincediscoveringfactsisinherentlyrelatedtotheactivityofresearch.Ifsheconductsresearchbecauseshewantstoachievescholarlyrenown,that'saninstrumentalmotive,sincetherelationbetweenfameandresearchisnotsoinherent.Often,peoplehavebothfordoingthings.Whatmixofmotives--internalorinstrumentalorboth--ismostconducivetosuccess?Youmightsupposethatascientistmotivatedbyadesiretodiscoverfactsandbyadesiretoachieverenownwilldobetterworkthanascientistmotivatedbyjustoneofthosedesires.Surelytwomotivesarebetterthanone.ButasweandourcolleaguesargueinapapernewlypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,instrumentalmotivesarenotalwaysanassetandcanactuallybecounterproductivetosuccess.Weanalyzeddatadrawnfrom11320cadetsinnineenteringclassesattheUnitedStatesMilitaryAcademyatWestPoint,allofwhomratedhowmucheachofasetofmotivesinfluencedtheirdecisiontoattendtheacademy.ThemotivesincludedthingslikeadesiretogetagoodjoblaterinlifeandadesiretobetrainedasaleaderintheUnitedStatesArmyA.MotivationandFameB.TwoTypesofMotivesC.TheSecretofEffectiveMotivationD.TheStudyontheFunctionofMotives【答案】C14、Passage1A.TheyavoidedwritingthosetooexoticforreadersB.TheyrevisedtheirworksasrequiredbypressC.TheytranslatedtheirworksintoEnglishD.Theyreadtheirbooksinpublicplaces【答案】D15、TeacherTomgavethetopicof“SendaLetter”,andthenaskedstudentstorecallthewordstheylearntsuchas“postoffice,stamp,envelop,address,zipcode”.Whichmemorizingstrategydidheuse?A.MemorysystemsB.AssociationC.DictionarystrategyD.Internetassistance【答案】B16、Manypeoplebelievetheglarefromsnowcausessnow-blindness．Yet,darkglassesornot,theyfindthemselvessufferingfromheadachesandwateringeyes,andevensnow-blindness,whenexposedtoseveralhoursof"snowlight"．A.concentratingtothesolidwhiteterrainB.searchingforsomethingtolookatinsnow-coveredterrainC.providingtheeyeswithsomethingtofocusonD.coveringtheeyeballswithfluid【答案】C17、Allthings__________,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.A.consideredB.beconsideredC.consideringD.havingconsidered【答案】A18、①purpose②context③process④functionoflanguage⑤productA.①②③⑤B.②③④⑤C.①②④⑤D.①②③④【答案】A19、Thegoldmedalwas_________toMs．Barretteforherexcellentperformanceinthedrama.A.distributedB.contributedC.awardedD.rewarded【答案】C20、Butnotallpretendeddeedshavetofallshortoftheirnormalfunctioninorderto__________theircommunicationpurpose.A.serveB.succeedC.completeD.accomplish【答案】D21、Ilikegoingtothecinema_________TV.A.ratherthantowatchB.thanwatchingC.morethantowatchD.morethanwatching【答案】D22、Accordingtothecomponentialanalysis,thewords"girl"and"woman"differinthefeatureof__________.A.HUMANB.ANMATEC.MALED.ADULT【答案】D23、Passage1A.TodiscernthelinkbetweenanalyticalthinkingandinsightsB.TodiscernconnectionbetweencloseattentionandinsightsC.TodiscernconnectionbetweencloseattentionandimaginationD.Totestpeople'scapacityforcloseattentionandabstractassociation【答案】B24、Whichofthefollowingaboutteachingassessmentisinappropriate?A.DiagnosticassessmentisakindoftestcarriedoutafterateachingactivityB.Formativeassessmentshouldbestudent-orientedC.SummativeassessmentisoftencarriedoutattheendofatermD.Portfolios,dailyreports,anddeliveringspeechesareallformativeassessment【答案】A25、請(qǐng)閱讀短文。完成第小題。A.agreeswithB.contradictsC.goesbeyondD.imparts【答案】A26、Whichofthefollowingshowstheproperrhythmicalpatternofthesentence?A.′Cometo′seeusatour′newa′partmentB.′Cometo′seeusat′ournew′apartmentC.′Cometo′seeus′atour′new′apartmentD.′Cometo′seeus′atour′newa′partment【答案】A27、Backintheolddays,whenIwasachild,wesataroundthefamilyroundtableatdinnertimeandexchangedourdailyexperiences.Itwasn'tveryorganized,buteveryonewasrecognizedandallthenewsthathadtobetoldwastoldbyeachfamilymember.A.preferringB.hatingC.beingtiredofD.disappointing【答案】A28、Whichofthefollowingshowsthegeneralintonationpatterninacomplexsentence?A.WhenIstartedmy↗careertherewasno↗unemploymentB.WhenIstartedmy↗careertherewasno↘unemploymentC.WhenIstartedmy↘careertherewasno↗unemploymentD.WhenIstartedmy↘careertherewasno↘unemployment【答案】B29、Speakingtwolanguagesratherthanjust。onehasobviouspracticalbenefitsinanincreasinglyglobalizedworld.Butinrecentyears,scientistshavebeguntoshowthattheadvantagesofbilingualismareevenmorefundamentalthanbeingabletoconversewithawiderrangeofpeople.Beingbilingual,itturnsout,makesyousmarter.Itcanhaveaprofoundeffectonyourbrain,improvingcognitiveskillsnotrelatedtolanguageandevenshieldingagainstdementiainoldage.Thisviewofbilingualismisremarkablydifferentfromtheunderstandingofbilingualismthroughmuchofthe20thcentury.Researchers,educatorsandpolicymakerslongconsideredasecondlanguagetobeaninterference,cognitivelyspeaking,thathinderedachild'sacademicandintellectualdevelopment.A.FallaciesaboutBilingualsB.WhyBilingualsAreSmarterC.OddsandEndsofBilingualsD.Billinguals:AdvantagesorDisadvantages【答案】B30、AnewschemeforgettingchildrentoandfromschoolisbeingstartedbytheeducationauthoritiesinpartofEasternEngland．Thiscouldendtheworriesofmanyparentsfearfulfortheirchildren'ssafetyontheroads．A.onmorningjourneystoschoolonlyB.inconnectionwithanexistingserviceC.onlyforchildrenlivingmorethanthreemilesawayD.onlyinwetweather【答案】B31、Whatcanclozehelptotrainintermsofwriting?A.UnityoftextsB.IndentionoftextsC.CompilationoftextsD.Useofcohesivedevices【答案】D32、Ifyouareentitledtosickness______,youmustclaimitfromyouremployer.A.budgetB.allowanceC.wageD.income【答案】C33、Much__________Ihavetraveled,Ihaveneverseenanyonetoequalherinefficiency.A.althoughB.asC.whileD.if【答案】B34、Whenteachersteachpronunciationtostudents,whichsuggestionisunuseful?A.UsehandsandarmstoconductchoralpronunciationpracticeB.MovearoundtheclassroomwhendoingchoralpracticeC.TrytousevisualaidsD.Relyonexplanations【答案】D35、Afterworkingforthefirmfortenyears,hefinally_______therankofdeputydirector.A.achievedB.approachedC.attainedD.acquired【答案】C36、Don'tforgettheday__________youwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague.A.whenB.thatC.atwhichD.where【答案】A37、TheadvantagesofpairandgroupworkincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPT（）.A.interactionwithpeersB.varietyanddynamismC.anincreaseinlanguagepracticeD.opportunitiestoguaranteeaccuracy【答案】D38、Unlikeanimalcommunicationsystems,humanlanguageis__________.A.stimulusfreeB.stimulusboundC.underimmediatestimuluscontrolD.stimulatedbysomeoccurrenceofcommunalinterest【答案】A39、Passage1A.QuestionsareraisedfirstandthenexperimentstoanswerthemarecitedB.OpinionsaregivenfirstandthenevidencesagainstthemarequotedC.StatementscomefirstandexamplessupportingthemfollowD.People'slongheldbeliefsarecitedfirstandexceptionscomeafter【答案】A40、Inafactory,Li,theguide,isinterpretingforagroupofforeignguests.Whentheyhavefinishedvisitingoneworkshop,hewouldlikethegrouptofollowhimtothenextworkshop.Hesays,“”.A.Thisway,pleaseB.ComehereC.FollowmeD.Moveon【答案】A41、Ofthefollowingsoundcombinations,only_______ispermissibleaccordingtothesequentialrulesinEnglish.A.kilB.bkilC.ilkBD.ilbk【答案】A42、Hegaveusanodandmurmureda“Yes”after_______seemedlikehours.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what【答案】D43、Teacherscanapplyallofthefollowingmethodstoteachstressexcept__________.A.indicatingthestressbyclappinghandsB.raisingthevoicetoindicatestressC.highlightingthestresspartsbyunderlyingthemD.relyingondetailedexplanations【答案】D44、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.Theuniversityhassetupacommitteemadeupoffaculty,staffandstudentsB.CommunicatewithstudentsabouttheimportanceofacademichonestyC.Punishthestudentswhocheatandifcheat,withnodiplomaD.Communicatewithstudentsabouthowtoachieveacademicintegrity【答案】C45、Passage1A.VanityhasmoreoftenbeenfoundinidealistsB.Thefast-fashionindustryignoressustainabilityC.PeoplearemoreinterestedinunaffordablegarmentsD.Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing【答案】D46、Ifateacherattemptstoimplementthetop-downmodeltoteachlistening,heislikelytopresent_______A.newwordsafterplayingthetapeB.newwordsbeforeplayingthetapeC.backgroundinformationafterplayingthetapeD.backgroundinformationbeforeplayingthetape【答案】D47、Passage1A.itsemployeesworkhardB.tobreakthe24/7habitneedstoactcollectivelyC.peopleworkmoreproductivelyiftheirburnoutisreducedD.makingarulehelpsemployeesworkproductively【答案】B48、Passage2A.contaminationoftheenvironmentbygeneticallymodifiedcropsB.Brazil'sstandingintheinternationalmarketC.theOctoberpresidentialelectionD.thelegalizationofgeneticallymodifiedorganisms【答案】D49、Whichofthefollowinginvolvesprogressiveassimilationinconnectedspeech?A.BagsB.lssueC.OnecupD.Onecup【答案】A50、Thecommittee__________aconclusiononlyafterdaysofdiscussion.A.releasedB.achievedC.reachedD.accomplished【答案】C大題（共10題）一、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。下面是某初中教師的課堂教學(xué)片段。(TaskedSstomakesentencesaccordingtotheinformationontheBb.)T:Now,let′slookattheblackboardandmakesentences.Isay"Idon′thaveabasketball"andyousay"Ourteacherdoesn′thaveabasketball".Isay"Ihaveavolleyball"andyousay"Ourteacherhasavolleyball".LiXing,makethethirdsentence...(TwrotesentencesontheBb.)LiXing:Tomhaveatennisracket.T:IsitcorrectNo,weshouldsayitlikethis"Tomhasatennisracket".Wedon′tput"have"after"He,She,Tom,Lucy".Weshouldsay"Hehas...,Shehas...,Tomhas...,Lucyhas...".(TwrotethewrongsentenceontheBbandcorrectedit.)T:Nextone,LiLei,please.LiLei:Jimhasaping-pongball.T:Yes.(TwroteitontheBb.)Nextone,ZhangHong,please.ZhangH0ng:LiLeidon′thaveasoccerball.T:No,no,no.Wrongagain.WhatisthecorrectanswerSs:LiLeidoesn′thaveasoccerball.T:Yes.(TwrotethecorrectanswerontheBb.)【答案】(1)①學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中缺少語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，受母語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣影響。②與漢語(yǔ)不同，英語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要隨著時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化而變化。(2)該教師采用了直接糾錯(cuò)法來(lái)糾正學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤，即學(xué)生出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，教師對(duì)其錯(cuò)誤予以正面糾正(說(shuō)出正確的語(yǔ)言形式，并讓學(xué)生改正)。(3)①在課堂教學(xué)過(guò)程中，特別是在提問(wèn)的過(guò)程中，很多學(xué)生都缺乏自信，羞于開口說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。針對(duì)學(xué)生回答錯(cuò)誤的情況，教師應(yīng)當(dāng)以鼓勵(lì)性評(píng)價(jià)為主，采用多種方法適時(shí)地糾錯(cuò)。通過(guò)表情、手勢(shì)、語(yǔ)調(diào)等對(duì)學(xué)生的答案進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)是教師課堂最常見(jiàn)的反饋形式之一。學(xué)生回答問(wèn)題時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用錯(cuò)誤，教師最好不要馬上否認(rèn)學(xué)生，試著多次重復(fù)，并放慢語(yǔ)速，或者擺擺手、搖搖頭等，啟發(fā)學(xué)生自己發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤并改正，并且在此過(guò)程中不失時(shí)機(jī)地給予學(xué)生積極強(qiáng)化，這樣學(xué)生會(huì)記得更牢，自信心也不會(huì)受打擊。②為了有效地糾正學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)課堂上出現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，就必須明確錯(cuò)誤產(chǎn)生的原因，這樣才能“對(duì)癥下藥”，進(jìn)而進(jìn)行有效的引導(dǎo)。教學(xué)片段中回答錯(cuò)誤的學(xué)生主要是由于受母語(yǔ)的干擾，對(duì)于新的語(yǔ)言規(guī)則掌握不熟練。教師應(yīng)該在糾正錯(cuò)誤的基礎(chǔ)上，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生掌握有效的學(xué)習(xí)策略，例如歸納學(xué)習(xí)、演繹學(xué)習(xí)、情境學(xué)習(xí)、認(rèn)知強(qiáng)化練習(xí)等，從而達(dá)到“藥到病除”的效果。二、以下片段選自某節(jié)英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)實(shí)錄，閱讀并回答問(wèn)題。T:...Youallhavefinishedthewritingabouthowtoprotectourenvironment,rightOk,now,it′stimetocheckintermsofthegrammar,punctuationpointandspelling.S:(checkingtime)T:Ok,now,whowouldliketoshareyourpapersAnna:...Weshouldn′tthrowrubbisheverywhere...T:Yourideasarealittleshallow,andtheorganizationisalittledisordered.根據(jù)上面的教學(xué)片段回答下面三個(gè)問(wèn)題：(1)該片段呈現(xiàn)的是英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的什么課型它屬于該課型的哪個(gè)階段(2)這節(jié)課的教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)是什么(3)分析該教師在這一階段存在的主要問(wèn)題，并提出相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)建議?！敬鸢浮?1)該片段呈現(xiàn)的是英語(yǔ)寫作課．它屬于寫后階段。(2)該節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)是通過(guò)閱讀材料和互相討論，掌握關(guān)鍵信息，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的寫作能力；難點(diǎn)是學(xué)生借助關(guān)鍵信息進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言組織．完成寫作．培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言組織能力和邏輯思考能力。(3)存在的問(wèn)題及改進(jìn)建議：①教師在學(xué)生完成初稿寫作后．應(yīng)組織和指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行自我修改以及同伴間的相互修改，修改內(nèi)容除了包括語(yǔ)法、標(biāo)點(diǎn)、拼寫外，還包括選詞、內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)等各個(gè)方面?；ジ脑趯懞蟓h(huán)節(jié)中十分重要，因?yàn)樗闲抡n程所提倡的合作、交流和探究的學(xué)習(xí)方式。然后教師面向全體學(xué)生就典型的遣詞造句錯(cuò)誤、文章結(jié)構(gòu)、思想內(nèi)容等進(jìn)行點(diǎn)評(píng)．再由學(xué)生本人在聽(tīng)取他們意見(jiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)初稿進(jìn)行修訂。②在寫后階段教師要給予適當(dāng)評(píng)價(jià)和改進(jìn)意見(jiàn)。給予恰如其分的反饋。對(duì)寫作不錯(cuò)的同學(xué)．要給予鼓勵(lì)表?yè)P(yáng)．對(duì)寫作欠缺者．要及時(shí)引導(dǎo)．給予建設(shè)性意見(jiàn)。在Anna的作文不夠令人滿意的時(shí)候，教師的評(píng)價(jià)基本是予以否定。這樣會(huì)打擊學(xué)生的自信心和學(xué)習(xí)的積極性，不符合教師評(píng)價(jià)的原則，教師在教學(xué)過(guò)程中應(yīng)堅(jiān)持激勵(lì)性原則，當(dāng)學(xué)生的回答不得體時(shí)，教師應(yīng)該采用鼓勵(lì)、期待的語(yǔ)言來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)，如“Nexttime，pleasepayattentiontoorganizationandtrytoexploremoreidea．”。三、根據(jù)提供的信息和語(yǔ)言素材設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語(yǔ)言素材，設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)25分鐘的閱讀訓(xùn)練活動(dòng)。教案沒(méi)有固定格式.但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：25分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中一年級(jí)學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》五級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語(yǔ)言素材：Franklin'sFamousKiteExperimentIntheeighteenthcentury,BenjaminFranklinconductedanumberofexperimentsinwhichheshowedwhatelectricityis.Hereishowhedescribedoneofhisexperiments.【答案】Classtype：ReadingclassTeachingContents：Franklin’sFamousKiteExperimentTeachingObjectives：(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanmasterthefollowingwords,phrasesandthesentencepatterns.①Importantwords:conduct,charge,shock,prove,tear,fasten,explain,appear②Importantphrases:doanexperiment,agreatdeal,tie...tostop...from...③Importantsentencepatterns:HavingrealizedthatIcoulduseIdecidedtodoanexperiment.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentscanimprovetheirreadingabilitythroughreadingactivities.(3)Emotionalobjectives①Afterlearningthepassage,studentsareexpectedtoknowaboutsomefamousscientistsandtheirinventionsandtrainstudents'qualitiesofscience.②Studentswillhaveaseriousattitudetowardsscience.TeachingKeyPoints:四、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)。用中文作答。請(qǐng)說(shuō)明精聽(tīng)與泛聽(tīng)的區(qū)別，并分別簡(jiǎn)述教師應(yīng)該如何指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行精聽(tīng)與泛聽(tīng)的訓(xùn)練?！敬鸢浮?1)精聽(tīng)與泛聽(tīng)的區(qū)別：精聽(tīng)(Carefullistening)是通過(guò)聽(tīng)課文，再把文章的內(nèi)容感知一遍，同時(shí)可以加深對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容的深入了解。并且可以通過(guò)一些練習(xí)來(lái)檢驗(yàn)昕的效果，如：FillinginBlanks／TrueorFalse／Questions／Forms。泛聽(tīng)(Extensivelistening)是讓學(xué)生初步聽(tīng)材料并回答問(wèn)題，讓學(xué)生初步了解文章的主旨大意(mainidea)和基本信息(basicinformation)。例如：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式等。(2)教師在指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行精聽(tīng)訓(xùn)練時(shí)，要與語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)法和詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)相結(jié)合，可以與“聽(tīng)”“讀”和“寫”的技能訓(xùn)練相結(jié)合，還可以與社會(huì)、文化背景知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)相結(jié)合。在進(jìn)行精聽(tīng)訓(xùn)練時(shí)，教師可以指導(dǎo)學(xué)生在反復(fù)多聽(tīng)的基礎(chǔ)上完成一些辨音、填充缺失內(nèi)容、聽(tīng)寫的練習(xí)，之后還可以進(jìn)行一些拓展練習(xí)，如總結(jié)聽(tīng)力材料中出現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)音現(xiàn)象、跟讀或朗讀內(nèi)容、分析聽(tīng)力材料的文本結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)等。教師在指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行泛聽(tīng)訓(xùn)練時(shí)，一定要嚴(yán)格要求學(xué)生，聽(tīng)力過(guò)程應(yīng)該一氣呵成，中間不能停頓或來(lái)回重復(fù)。在泛聽(tīng)訓(xùn)練中可以使用的聽(tīng)力練習(xí)包括：測(cè)試對(duì)聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容是否理解的選擇題、判斷題，測(cè)試能否抓住重點(diǎn)詞句的填空題，以及用自己的語(yǔ)言寫出或口述出所聽(tīng)到的主要內(nèi)容的練習(xí)等。完成這些練習(xí)后，教師要注意和學(xué)生及時(shí)總結(jié)，或和學(xué)生共同討論泛聽(tīng)的策略，例如．如何根據(jù)上下文判斷生詞的含義、如何預(yù)測(cè)下文等。五、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和聽(tīng)力語(yǔ)言素材，設(shè)計(jì)一節(jié)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力課的教學(xué)方案。教案沒(méi)有固定格式，但必須包含下列要點(diǎn)：●teachingobjectives●teachingcontents●keyanddifficultpoints●majorstepsandtimeallocation●activitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：45分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)八年級(jí)(初中二年級(jí))學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)已經(jīng)達(dá)到《義務(wù)教育英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2011年版)》三級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語(yǔ)言素材：YuGongMovesaMountainOnceuponatime，therewasaveryoldman．Thereweretwomountainsnearhishouse．Theyweresobigandhighthatittookalongwaytowalktotheotherside．Theoldmantoldhisfamilythattheyshouldallhelphimtomovethemountains．YuGongsaidtheycouldputthemintotheseabecauseit'sbigenoughtoholdeverything．YuGongandhisfamilybegantomovesomeofthesoilandstoneintothesea．OnedayamallsawYuGongandhischildrenwhentheywereworkingonmovingthemountains．HetoldYuGongthathecouldneverdoitbecausehewasoldandweak．【答案】Teachingcontents：Itisalisteninglesson．ThelisteningmaterialisaChineselegend-YuGongMotesaMountain．Teachingobjectives：(1)KnowledgeandskillsStudentslistentothematerialcarefullyandgetspecificinformationfromit．Studentsanalyzethelisteningmaterialandconcludethewaystotellastorylogically．(2)ProcessandmethodsWiththeguidanceoftheteacher，studentsunderstandthelisteningtextthroughdoingtasksandactivities．(3)EmotionalattitudesandvaluesStudentsrealizethespiritofYuGongandlearnhowtodealwithdifficultsituations．StudentsbrieflyexpresstheirownideasonsomepeopleorsomethingsinEnglish．Teachingkeypoints：Studentsunderstandthelisteningmaterialtotallyandknowhowtotellastory．Teachingdifficultpoints：StudentscanexpresstheirownideasonsomepeopleorsomethingsinEnglish．Teachingprocedures：六、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。簡(jiǎn)述scanning的含義并舉一例說(shuō)明其基本用途。寫出訓(xùn)練該項(xiàng)技能時(shí)的三條注意事項(xiàng)，?并用英語(yǔ)寫出兩句相關(guān)的教師指令語(yǔ)。【答案】(1)scanning的含義：scanning譯為“找讀，掃讀，尋讀，查讀”，是一種快速閱讀方式，其目的是從較長(zhǎng)的文字資料中查尋特定的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容。尋讀要求即快又準(zhǔn)，要在短時(shí)間內(nèi)準(zhǔn)確地找到目標(biāo)。基本用途：例如：在教學(xué)“NelsonMandela—AModemHero”一課時(shí)，可以通過(guò)設(shè)置尋讀活動(dòng)“Askstudentstoscanthepassagein5minutesandcompletethechan-ATimelineofElias’Life”．讓學(xué)生在5分鐘內(nèi)掃讀文章，然后根據(jù)時(shí)間順序填寫表格。通過(guò)尋讀活動(dòng)，可以幫助學(xué)生了解文章特定信息，提高學(xué)生的閱讀速度。找讀是教師需要訓(xùn)練學(xué)生提高的閱讀能力之一。(2)注意事項(xiàng)：①在設(shè)計(jì)尋讀活動(dòng)時(shí)，要有明確的時(shí)限規(guī)定，以促使學(xué)生在較短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成任務(wù)。②在設(shè)計(jì)尋讀活動(dòng)時(shí)，要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生借助關(guān)鍵詞快速鎖定尋讀目標(biāo)，切忌從頭逐字地尋找，導(dǎo)致學(xué)生的尋讀技巧未得到有效的培養(yǎng)。③在設(shè)計(jì)尋讀活動(dòng)時(shí)，教師的指令要清楚，不能過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單，這會(huì)造成學(xué)生不清楚做什么的局面，從而影響閱讀效果。指令中應(yīng)包含學(xué)生應(yīng)在多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)(timelimit)，通過(guò)怎么讀(how)，讀出什么(what)等信息。教師指令語(yǔ)：①ScantheParagraphs3-5in5minutestogetenoughinformationtofillthetable．②Scanthefirsttenlinesin3minutesandanswerthefollowingtwoquestions．七、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。以下是某堂課老師的教學(xué)材料：?Betty:HiMum,canyouhearme??Mum:Yes,Ican.Whereareyou??Betty:I'mstandingontheGreatWallofChinaandtalkingtoyou.?Mum:Really??Betty:We'reonaschooltripandwe'vehavinglunch.Andwe'relyinginthesunandwe'retakinglotsofphotos.?Mum:That'sgreat,Betty.Whataretheothersdoing?Betty:Well,Tonyiseatinganicecream,andLucyisbuyingsomepresentsandpostcards.AndTomiseatinglunchandlyinginthesun.Mum:Canyousendmeapostcard?Betty:Yes.LucyandIarewritingpostcards.We'reenjoyingtheschooltripalot.Anyway,we'regoinghomenow.Bye!【答案】(1)語(yǔ)篇指的是實(shí)際使用的語(yǔ)言單位，是一次交際過(guò)程中的一系列連續(xù)的話段或句子所構(gòu)成的語(yǔ)言整體。根據(jù)韓禮德的觀點(diǎn)，語(yǔ)篇是一個(gè)語(yǔ)義單位或意義潛勢(shì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)化，任何一個(gè)口頭或書面語(yǔ)言片段。不論其長(zhǎng)短，只要能構(gòu)成一個(gè)語(yǔ)義整體，即表達(dá)完整的意思，就可以稱之為語(yǔ)篇。根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇的概念，該材料屬于會(huì)話語(yǔ)篇。(2)這份材料適合于口語(yǔ)教學(xué)。理由：①材料語(yǔ)言比較簡(jiǎn)單，沒(méi)有生僻詞匯，句式偏向口語(yǔ)化，適合用于口語(yǔ)練習(xí)；②選材偏向生活化，有生活氣息．適合平時(shí)與人交際使用，英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的最終目的就是讓學(xué)生達(dá)到溝通交流，因此會(huì)話語(yǔ)篇可以提供這樣一個(gè)交流的環(huán)境。⑧材料以對(duì)話形式呈現(xiàn)有問(wèn)有答，也有連讀和吞音部分，對(duì)于語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)的學(xué)習(xí)都是很好的內(nèi)容。(3)考慮要素：①教學(xué)內(nèi)容要素：教學(xué)內(nèi)容是要完成的教學(xué)任務(wù)，是實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)的主要載體。因此教師在選擇材料時(shí)，將教科書作為主要依據(jù)，教材分析基本關(guān)注教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)及考點(diǎn)方面。比較注重顯性教材的運(yùn)用而忽視隱性教材的挖掘和利用，較少關(guān)注與學(xué)習(xí)教材內(nèi)容有密切關(guān)系的認(rèn)知和心理因素。以及教材對(duì)學(xué)生能力的要求，而對(duì)教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)也只是闡述其內(nèi)容，沒(méi)有做進(jìn)一步的分析。在新課改背景下，教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析既要求對(duì)顯性教材的運(yùn)用，也要求對(duì)隱性教材的挖掘和利用。②教學(xué)對(duì)象要素：學(xué)生是分析教學(xué)任務(wù)必須要考慮的因素。分析學(xué)生是為了幫助學(xué)生解決學(xué)習(xí)中的困難，完成教學(xué)任務(wù)。教師應(yīng)該做到以下兩點(diǎn)：一是要了解教學(xué)活動(dòng)開始前學(xué)生在認(rèn)知、情感、態(tài)度等方面已經(jīng)達(dá)到了什么樣的水平，這一水平標(biāo)志著學(xué)生已經(jīng)能做什么，說(shuō)什么，想明白了什么等等(即學(xué)生的學(xué)歷和學(xué)情)。這是學(xué)生掌握新的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)的起點(diǎn)水平。二是要了解教授了教學(xué)材料后預(yù)期學(xué)生在認(rèn)知、情感、態(tài)度等方面必須達(dá)到的狀態(tài)。對(duì)這種狀態(tài)的把握最終會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為確定的教學(xué)任務(wù)與具體的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)。只有當(dāng)教師的心中對(duì)教學(xué)前和教學(xué)后這兩種狀態(tài)的差距做到心中有數(shù)時(shí)，才能根據(jù)學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況，確定恰當(dāng)?shù)慕虒W(xué)內(nèi)容。③教學(xué)目標(biāo)要素：教學(xué)目標(biāo)是教育者在教學(xué)過(guò)程中，希望受教育者達(dá)到的要求或產(chǎn)生的變化結(jié)果，也是教師完成教學(xué)任務(wù)的歸宿。新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從關(guān)注學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)出發(fā)，強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的主體，教學(xué)目標(biāo)是教學(xué)活動(dòng)中師生共同追求的，而不是由教師所操縱的。因此，教學(xué)目標(biāo)的主體顯然應(yīng)該是學(xué)生。教師在選擇教學(xué)材料的同時(shí)也要以學(xué)生為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，思考需要完成怎樣的教學(xué)目標(biāo)或達(dá)到怎樣的教學(xué)效果。八、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)。用中文作答。下面是某初中課堂實(shí)錄的教學(xué)片段。T:Ok!Next,let′sreadthetextandchoosethebes